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Chamaeleo Chamaeleon (L�Nnaeus, 1758) T CHAMAELEONTIDAE Chamaeleo chamaeleon (Lnnaeus, 1758) T. Bukalemun, “Hamolyo, Burnukapan” Morfolojk Özellkler: Vücut boyu 24-30 cm kadar olan ve değşk görünüşte br kertenkele türüdür. Başın üst tarafında mğfer şeklnde br çıkıntı var, vücut yanlardan basıktır. Sırt ortasında büyük pullardan oluşan boyuna br sırt çıkıntısı vardır. Parmakların ks br, üçü br arada brleşmştr. Böylece yürümeden çok yakalamaya yarar şekl almıştır. Gözler teleskop şeklnde, ortası delk tek göz kapağı vardır. Her göz aynı anda değşk yerlere bakablr. Kuyrukları da sarılıcı tptedr. Renklern değştreblrler. Sırt zemn üzernde daha koyu tonlarda leke yahut şertler bulunur. Karın altında anüse kadar uzanan sarımsı çzg renk değşmne uğramaz. Byolojk-Ekolojk Özellkler: Ağaçlarda veya çalılarda yaşar. Yakalayıcı ayak ve sarılıcı kuyrukları le dallar üzernde ağır fakat rahatça hareket eder. Besnlern böcekler teşkl eder. Durduğu yerde dln fırlatarak avını yakalar. Br dş 20 veya daha fazla yumurtayı toprağa açtığı çukura gömer. Coğrafi Dağılış: Tür İspanya'dan başlayarak, Kuzey Afrka üzernden, Kıbrıs ve Türkye dahl Batı Asya'ya kadar yayılmıştır. Vertkal dağılışı 700 m'ye kadar çıkablr. Kıbrıs'ta yaşayan ırkın Böhme Wedl (1994), Göçmen et al. (1996a) ve Göçmen et al. (2008) tarafından Chamaeleo c. rectcrsta olduğu belrtlmektedr. Hllenus (1978) tarafından bu alttür Chamaeleo c. chameleon alttürünün br snonm olarak kabul edlmesne rağmen, bu üçlü smlendrme burada muhafaza edlmştr. Türkye'den (Göçmen et al., 1996a) ve Yunanstan'dan (Böhme, 1989; Böhme Wedl, 1994) elde edlen verler Doğu Akdenz örneklernn, Batı Akdenz örneklerne (Portekz, İspanya) oranla daha büyük boyutlara ulaştığını şaret eder. Ayrıca k grup arasında braz da olsa hempens farklılıkları olduğu bldrlmektedr (Böhme Wedl, 1994). Bu nedenle Kıbrıs populasyonu Doğu Akdenz formu, Chamaeleo c. rectcrsta'ya dahl edlr. Tür koruma altındadır. 56 Chamaeleo chamaeleon 57 CHAMAELEONTIDAE Chamaeleo chamaeleon (Linnaeus, 1758) E. Mediterranean Chameleon Identication: Total length up to 24-30 cm. Quite a different and unmistakable species with a laterally attened body and characteristic slow movements. e head narrow and high, in adults in the form of a bony helmet. A vertebral ridge formed by enlarged scales. e toes are arranged as two opposed to three (reversing in front and hind feet) so that feet are modied to gripping rather than walking. e eyes fairly big and bulbous, with fused eyelids leaving a small opening for pupil. e eyes can move independently, or together for stereo vision. Tail strongly prehensile. Can change colour rather quickly, the ground colouration may be overlaid by darker or lighter maculations, spots and/or lateral stripes. A medial abdominal yellowish line, extending posteriorly to anus, does not change colour. Habitat - Biology: Strongly arboreal, moves slowly but easily among twigs, shrubs and branches by means of its grasping feet and prehensile tail; catching various insect preys with a sticky extensible tongue. A female deposits 20 or more eggs into burrows dug in soil. Distribution: Known range extends from N Africa and Spain to W Asia; including Turkey and Cyprus with a vertical distribution to 700 m. It is stated that the Cyprus race of this species belongs to Chamaeleo recticrista (Böhme & Wiedl, 1994; Göçmen et al., 1996a and Göçmen et al., 2008) . In spite of Hillenius (1978) who considered it to be a synonym of Chamaeleo c. chamaeleon, these authors maintain this trinomial nomenclature. Material from Turkey (Göçmen et al., 1996a) and Greece (Böhme, 1989; Böhme & Wiedl, 1994), suggest that eastern Mediterranean specimens attain larger dimensions than western ones (Portugal, Spain). Furthermore, there seem to be slight hemipenial differences between the two groups (Böhme & Wiedl, 1994). us, the population of Cyprus belongs to the eastern Mediterranean form, i.e., Chamaeleo c. recticrista. Protected speces. 58 Chamaeleo chamaeleon 59 LACERTIDAE Acanthodactylus schreber (Boulenger, 1918) T. Tarak Parmaklı Kertenkele Morfolojk Özellkler: Vücut boyu 15-20 cm kadar olablr. Baş üstünde occptal plak yok veya kalıntı halnde, başın ön kısmında uzunlamasına br çukurluk vardır. Subocular plak genellkle ağız kenarına kadar uzanır. Gövde etrafında 71-108 pul bulunur. Femoral delk sayısı 19-29 arasında değşr. Parmakların yan taraarı tırtıklıdır. Bu tırtıklar arka ayakların 4. parmaklarının dış tarafında çok barzdr. Gençlerde sırt taraf 6-7 boyuna çzgl, bu çzgler arasında koyu renkl boyuna şertler bulunur. Bu şertler üzernde yuvarlak lekeler de olablr. Yaşlı fertlerde çzgl desen az çok kaybolur, bunun yerne koyu kahve ve sarımsı gr lekeler oluşur. Alt taraf beyazımsıdır. Üreme zamanı dşlern ventral tarafı yeşlms, erkeklernk se parlak kırmızı olur. Byolojk-Ekolojk Özellkler: Seyrek btkl kumlu yerlerde yaşar. Hareketler çok hızlıdır. Açık arazde yakalanması çok zordur. Besnlern böcek türler teşkl eder. Br dş 3-5 yumurta bırakır. Coğrafi Dağılışı: Tür Kıbrıs, Türkye'nn Doğu Akdenz Bölges, İsral ve Lübnan'da dağılış gösterr. Vertkal dağılışı 1000 m'ye (Troodos Dağları, Güney Kıbrıs) ulaşablr. Kıbrıs'ta yaşayan populasyon nomnat ırk Acanthodactylus s. schreber olmakla brlkte İsral ve Lübnan'da yaşayan alttürü Acanthodactylus s. syracus Boettger, 1878 ve Türkye'de yaşayan alttür se Acanthodactylus s. atatur Yalçınkaya ve Göçmen, 2012'dr (Böhme ve Wedl, 1994; Göçmen et al., 1996a; Franzen, 1998; Göçmen et al., 2008; Yalçınkaya ve Göçmen, 2012). 60 Acanthodactylus schreber 61 LACERTIDAE Acanthodactylus schreiberi (Boulenger, 1918) E. Fringe-toed Lizard Identication: Total length up to 15-20 cm. e occipital plate on top of head absent or rudimentary; a longitudinal depression on the anterior part of head. Subocular usually extends down to the edge of the mouth. 71-108 rows of scales around mid- trunk; femoral pores between 19-29. e lateral edges of the toes with fringe-like short spines, especially obvious at the outer borders of the 4th toes. e dorsum with 6-7 longitudinal white lines in young, with dark longitudinal stripes in-between, may be overlaid with round spots. e lined pattern more or less disappears on mature specimens, replaced by dark brownish and yellowish gray maculations. e venter is whitish. In breeding season, the venter of the males and females become brilliant reddish and greenish, respectively. Habitat - Biology: Inhabits sandy areas with sparse vegetation. Very agile and quick moving, difficult to catch in open places. Feeds on insects. A female lays 3-5 eggs. Distribution: is species is distributed in Cyprus, Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey, Lebanon and Israel; with a vertical distribution to 1000 m (Troodos Mountain, Southern Cyprus). As well as the population living in Cyprus is the nominat race as Acanthodactylus s. schreiberi; one of its subspecies, Acanthodactylus s. syriacus (Boettger, 1878) inhabits the sandy banks of Lebanon and Israel. In Turkey, the subspecies, Acanthodactylus s. ataturi (Yalçınkaya Göçmen, 2012) is present (Böhme and Wiedl, 1994; Göçmen et al., 1996a; Franzen, 1998; Göçmen et al., 2008; Yalçınkaya ve Göçmen, 2012). 62 Acanthodactylus schreber 63 LACERTIDAE Phoencolacerta troodca (Werner, 1936) T. Troodos Kertenkeles Esk Adı (Snonm): Lacerta troodca (Werner, 1936) Morfolojk Özellkler: Vücut boyu 12-20 cm, rostrale burun delğne değer. Postnasala 2, suboculare önünde 5 supralabala bulunur. Supraclar granüller genellkle tam sıra halndedr (97%). Temporal bölgede oldukça r br maseterk plak bulunur. Az barz karnalı olan sırt pulları gövde etrafında 51-68, ventrala 6 boyuna sıralı, femoral delk sayıları 19-24 arasında değşr. Medan gular bölgedek pul+granül sayısı ortalama 25'dr. Sırt taraf gr, yeşlms kahvereng, koyu nokta yahut lekeldr. Gövde yanları koyu şertl ve bu şert (Temporal Bant) üzernde az sayıda, dağınık yeşlms beyaz yuvarlak lekeler bulunur. Temporal bantların altında arka bacak kadelerne kadar uzanan açık renkte br Subtemporal bant bulunur. Karın taraf sarımsı beyaz veya açık yeşldr. Karın yanlarında mav lekeler vardır. Üreme mevsmnde baş altı, boyun ve gövde altı tuğla kırmızısıdır. Byolojk-Ekolojk Özellkler: Kumlu yamaçlar, kurak ve btkl kısımlar, tarlalar, bahçe duvarları, kayalık kısımlar v.b. neml yerlerde yaşar. Ağaçlara da tırmanablr. Böceklerle beslenr. Br dş 2-6 yumurta bırakır. Coğrafi Dağılış: Tür sadece Kıbrıs Adası'nda yaşayan endemk türlerden brsdr. Yakın Akraba tür olan Phoencolacerta laevs (Gray, 1838) se Türkye, Surye, Lübnan ve İsral'de yaşar. Vertkal dağılışı 1200 m'ye ulaşır. Gerek vücut yan taraarındak renk desen gerekse, alt göz kapağında r pullardan oluşmuş oldukça koyu renkl pencere bakımından Kıbrıs örnekler P. kulzer'ye çok benzer (Budak ve Göçmen, 1995; Göçmen et al., 1996a). Bununla brlkte, genel renklenme, örneğn üreme mevsmnde ventral taraa koyu tuğla kırmızısı renklenme bakımından Anadolu örneklerne (P. laevs) de benzer. Kıbrıs örnekler ayrıca P. kulzer'den ventral renklenme ve bazı pholdoss özellkler, örneğn masseterk plağın bulunmaması veya oldukça küçük olması (Hoofien et al., 1990) bakımlarından da farklıdır. Bschoff Schmdtler (1994) tarafından P. kulzer çn ve Budak ve Göçmen (1995) tarafından Kıbrıs populasyonları çn tanımlanan habtatlar da brbrlernden farklıdır: P. kulzer br çöl formu ken, Kıbrıs örnekler Anadolu P. laevs'nkne benzer şeklde (Budak, 1976) nspeten neml habtatları terch eder. P. troodca, P. laevs'den medan gulara sayısının P. laevs'de daha az (ortalama 20), gular plakların daha r olması, koyu temporal bantların altında uzanan açık renkl subtemporal bantların en fazla vücut ortası düzeyne kadar uzanması
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