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“Lengthen Your Tent-Cords” Siphrut Literature and Theology of the Hebrew Scriptures

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“Lengthen Your Tent-Cords” Siphrut Literature and Theology of the Hebrew Scriptures “Lengthen Your Tent-Cords” Siphrut Literature and Theology of the Hebrew Scriptures Editorial Board Stephen B. Chapman Duke University Tremper Longman III Westmont College Nathan MacDonald University of Cambridge 1. A Severe Mercy: Sin and Its Remedy in the Old Testament, by Mark J. Boda 2. Chosen and Unchosen: Conceptions of Election in the Pentateuch and Jewish- Christian Interpretation, by Joel N. Lohr 3. Genesis and the Moses Story: Israel’s Dual Origins in the Hebrew Bible, by Konrad Schmid 4. The Land of Canaan and the Destiny of Israel: Theologies of Territory in the Hebrew Bible, by David Frankel 5. Jacob and the Divine Trickster: A Theology of Deception and YHWH’s Fidelity to the Ancestral Promise in the Jacob Cycle, by John E. Anderson 6. Esther: The Outer Narrative and the Hidden Reading, by Jonathan Grossman 7. From Fratricide to Forgiveness: The Language and Ethics of Anger in Genesis, by Matthew R. Schlimm 8. The Rhetoric of Remembrance: An Investigatio`n of the “Fathers” in Deuteronomy, by Jerry Hwang 9. In the Beginning: Essays on Creation Motifs in the Bible and the Ancient Near East, by Bernard F. Batto 10. Run, David, Run! An Investigation of the Theological Speech Acts of David’s Departure and Return (2 Samuel 14–20), by Steven T. Mann 11. From the Depths of Despair to the Promise of Presence: A Rhetorical Reading of the Book of Joel, by Joel Barker 12. Forming God: Divine Anthropomorphism in the Pentateuch, by Anne Katherine Knafl 13. Standing in the Breach: An Old Testament Theology and Spirituality of Intercessory Prayer, by Michael Widmer 14. What Kind of God? Collected Essays of Terence E. Fretheim, edited by Michael J. Chan and Brent A. Strawn 15. The “Image of God” in the Garden of Eden: The Creation of Humankind in Genesis 2:5–3:24 in Light of the mīs pî pīt pî and wpt-r Rituals of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt, by Catherine L. McDowell 16. The Shape of the Writings, edited by Julius Steinberg and Timothy J. Stone 17. A Message from the Great King: Reading Malachi in Light of Ancient Persian Royal Messenger Texts from the Time of Xerxes, by R. Michael Fox 18. “See and Read All These Words”: The Concept of the Written in the Book of Jeremiah, by Chad L. Eggleston 19. Identity in Conflict: The Struggle between Esau and Jacob, Edom and Israel, by Elie Assis 20. I, You, and the Word “God”: Finding Meaning in the Song of Songs, by Sarah Zhang 21. The Completion of Judges: Strategies of Ending in Judges 17–21, by David J. H. Beldman 22. A (S)Word against Babylon: An Examination of the Multiple Speech Act Layers within Jeremiah 50–51, by Kristopher Holroyd 23. “Lengthen Your Tent Cords”: The Metaphorical World of Israel’s Household in the Book of Isaiah, by Brittany Kim “Lengthen Your Tent-Cords”: The Metaphorical World of Israel’s Household in the Book of Isaiah Brittany Kim University Park, Pennsylvania EISENBRAUNS 2018 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Kim, Brittany, author. Title: “Lengthen your tent-cords” : the metaphorical world of Israel’s household in the book of Isaiah / Brittany Kim. Other titles: Siphrut. Description: University Park, Pennsylvania : Eisenbrauns, [2018] | Series: Siphrut : literature and theology of the Hebrew scriptures | Includes bibliographical references. Summary: “Explores how the Book of Isaiah portrays Israel and its capital city using five metaphors that arise from the realm of household relationships: sons/children, daughter, mother, wife, and servant”— Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2018007168 | ISBN 9781575067780 (cloth : alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Bible. Isaiah—Criticism, interpretation, etc. | Bible. Isaiah—Language, style. | Metaphor in the Bible. Classification: LCC BS1515.52 .K56 2018 | DDC 224/.1066—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018007168 Copyright © 2018 The Pennsylvania State University All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Published by The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA 16802–1003 Eisenbrauns is an imprint of The Pennsylvania State University Press. The Pennsylvania State University Press is a member of the Association of University Presses. It is the policy of The Pennsylvania State University Press to use acid-free paper. Publications on uncoated stock satisfy the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Material, ANSI Z39.48–1992. To my husband חסד עולם for his and to Eliana and Nathanael, who have helped me grasp נחם Yhwh’s maternal Contents 1. Introduction . 1 The Aims of This Study 1 Method 5 Chapter Summary 16 2. The People of Israel as Sons/Children . 17 Sons or Children? 17 Associated Commonplaces of the Vehicle: Children 18 The People of Israel as Yhwh’s Children 19 The People of Israel as Zion’s Sons/Children 35 Conclusion 50 3. Zion and the People as Daughter(s) . 51 Associated Commonplace of the Vehicle: Daughters 51 Daughter Zion/Jerusalem 52 Daughter, My People 76 The Women of Israel as Zion’s Daughters 78 The Women of Israel as YHWH’s Daughters 83 Conclusion 84 4. Zion as Mother and Wife . 86 Zion as Mother of the People of Israel 86 Zion as YHWH’s Wife 109 Zion as Wife of Her Sons: Isaiah 62:4, 5 129 Conclusion 131 5. Israel, an Unnamed Representative, Zion, and the Faithful People as Yhwh’s Servant(s) . 132 Associated Commonplaces of the Vehicle: Servants 132 Ancient Near Eastern Background 134 The Use of the Metaphor Elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible 134 Jacob/Israel as YHWH’s Servant 136 An Unnamed Representative of Israel as YHWH’s Servant 153 Zion as YHWH’s Servant: Isaiah 51:22 168 The Faithful People as YHWH’s Servants 169 Conclusion 178 vii viii Contents 6. Conclusion: Integrating the Metaphors—A Portrait of the People of YHWH . 180 YHWH’s Children vis-à-vis His Servant(s) 180 Lady Zion vis-à-vis the Servant 182 The Significance of Gender 184 Distinguishing between Zion’s Feminine Roles 186 Israel and Zion as Members of YHWH’s Royal Household 187 Conclusion 190 Appendix 1: Distribution Charts . 191 Appendix 2: Overview of Passages. .196 Appendix 3:Texts with Implied Metaphors . 200 Bibliography . 202 Acknowledgments This monograph is a revised form of my doctoral dissertation, which could not have been completed without the support and help of so many. I would first like to thank Robert A. Bourne, whose generous donations to the Wheaton doctoral program funded my course of study. I am also grateful for the community of professors and students at Wheaton College, who stimulated my thinking in many ways and provided encouragement and help throughout each stage of my graduate study. In particular, Drs. John Walton and Karen Jobes mentored me throughout my Masters and PhD programs, offering invaluable counsel and support. And as my second reader, Dr. Daniel Block made himself available to assist me in any way he could and gave me excellent feedback on an earlier version of this study that helped me improve both its content and style. Most importantly, however, I must thank my Doktorvater, Dr. Richard Schultz, who took a chance on an unknown TA and ended up with a PhD student. He invested countless hours in directing my course of study, guid- ing my research and writing, promoting my interests, and looking after my spiritual and emotional well-being. I am so grateful for his careful attention to my work and for the example he set of balancing rigorous scholarship with a pastoral concern for the church. I am also thankful for the friends and family who made it possible for me to devote so much time to my studies and who encouraged me along the way. Thanks especially to Rahel Schafer, Sarah Elmer, and Emily Thomas for their friendship and support and to Laura Race, Lizzi Wolfson, Beth Clark, Patsy Harrington, and my sister-in-law Stacey Jones, for their help with childcare. Thanks also to my dad, Sam Jones, who passed away a few years ago; my mom, Cheryl; my brother, Jason; my sister, Catherine, for always believing in me and encouraging me to pursue my dreams. And thanks to my husband, Ted, who has been my rock and has made countless sacrifices for my academic pursuits. I could not have done any of this with- out him. Finally, thanks be to God for calling me to this work, for opening the door for me to do a PhD, and for carrying me through all the ups and downs of my journey. All translations of the biblical text throughout this work are mine unless otherwise noted. ix Abbreviations AB Anchor Bible ABD Freedman, D. N., editor. The Anchor Bible Dictionary. 6 vols. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1992 ABR Australian Biblical Review AcT Acta Theologica AfOB Archiv für Orientforschung: Beiheft ANETS Ancient Near Eastern Texts and Studies AOAT Alter Orient und Altes Testament ArBib The Aramaic Bible AS Assyriological Studies BA Biblical Archaeologist BBR Bulletin for Biblical Research BCOT Baker Commentary on the Old Testament BETL Bibliotheca ephemeridum theologicarum lovaniensium BH Bible in History Bib Biblica BibInt Biblical Interpretation BibJudS Biblical and Judaic Studies BIS Biblical Interpretation Series BK Bibel und Kirche BN Biblische Notizen BRev Bible Review BSac Bibliotheca Sacra BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin BZAW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft CAD Gelb, Ignace J., et al., editors. The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. 21 vols. (A–Z). Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1956–2011 CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly CBQMS Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series CC Continental Commentaries CHANE Culture and History of the Ancient Near East CI Critical Inquiry CogLin Cognitive Linguistics ConBOT Coniectanea biblica: Old Testament Series ConJ Concordia Journal COS Hallo, W.
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