Symbiont Modulates Expression of Specific Gene Categories in Angomonas Deanei
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Omar Ariel Espinosa Domínguez
Omar Ariel Espinosa Domínguez DIVERSIDADE, TAXONOMIA E FILOGENIA DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA SUBFAMÍLIA LEISHMANIINAE Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biologia da Relação Patógeno –Hospedeiro do Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências. Área de concentração: Biologia da Relação Patógeno-Hospedeiro. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Marta Maria Geraldes Teixeira Versão original São Paulo 2015 RESUMO Domínguez OAE. Diversidade, Taxonomia e Filogenia de Tripanossomatídeos da Subfamília Leishmaniinae. [Tese (Doutorado em Parasitologia)]. São Paulo: Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo; 2015. Os parasitas da subfamília Leishmaniinae são tripanossomatídeos exclusivos de insetos, classificados como Crithidia e Leptomonas, ou de vertebrados e insetos, dos gêneros Leishmania e Endotrypanum. Análises filogenéticas posicionaram espécies de Crithidia e Leptomonas em vários clados, corroborando sua polifilia. Além disso, o gênero Endotrypanum (tripanossomatídeos de preguiças e flebotomíneos) tem sido questionado devido às suas relações com algumas espécies neotropicais "enigmáticas" de leishmânias (a maioria de animais selvagens). Portanto, Crithidia, Leptomonas e Endotrypanum precisam ser revisados taxonomicamente. Com o objetivo de melhor compreender as relações filogenéticas dos táxons dentro de Leishmaniinae, os principais objetivos deste estudo foram: a) caracterizar um grande número de isolados de Leishmaniinae e b) avaliar a adequação de diferentes -
Non-Leishmania Parasite in Fatal Visceral Leishmaniasis–Like Disease, Brazil
DISPATCHES Non-Leishmania Parasite in Fatal Visceral Leishmaniasis–Like Disease, Brazil Sandra R. Maruyama,1 Alynne K.M. de Santana,1,2 performed whole-genome sequencing of 2 clinical isolates Nayore T. Takamiya, Talita Y. Takahashi, from a patient with a fatal illness with clinical characteris- Luana A. Rogerio, Caio A.B. Oliveira, tics similar to those of VL. Cristiane M. Milanezi, Viviane A. Trombela, Angela K. Cruz, Amélia R. Jesus, The Study Aline S. Barreto, Angela M. da Silva, During 2011–2012, we characterized 2 parasite strains, LVH60 Roque P. Almeida,3 José M. Ribeiro,3 João S. Silva3 and LVH60a, isolated from an HIV-negative man when he was 64 years old and 65 years old (Table; Appendix, https:// Through whole-genome sequencing analysis, we identified wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/25/11/18-1548-App1.pdf). non-Leishmania parasites isolated from a man with a fatal Treatment-refractory VL-like disease developed in the man; visceral leishmaniasis–like illness in Brazil. The parasites signs and symptoms consisted of weight loss, fever, anemia, infected mice and reproduced the patient’s clinical mani- festations. Molecular epidemiologic studies are needed to low leukocyte and platelet counts, and severe liver and spleen ascertain whether a new infectious disease is emerging that enlargements. VL was confirmed by light microscopic exami- can be confused with leishmaniasis. nation of amastigotes in bone marrow aspirates and promas- tigotes in culture upon parasite isolation and by positive rK39 serologic test results. Three courses of liposomal amphotericin eishmaniases are caused by ≈20 Leishmania species B resulted in no response. -
An Enigmatic Catalase of Blastocrithidia T Claretta Bianchia, Alexei Yu
Molecular & Biochemical Parasitology 232 (2019) 111199 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular & Biochemical Parasitology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/molbiopara An enigmatic catalase of Blastocrithidia T Claretta Bianchia, Alexei Yu. Kostygova,b,1, Natalya Kraevaa,1, Kristína Záhonovác,d, ⁎ Eva Horákovác, Roman Sobotkae,f, Julius Lukešc,f, Vyacheslav Yurchenkoa,g, a Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic b Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia c Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic d Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Prague, Czech Republic e Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic f Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice (Budweis), Czech Republic g Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Here we report that trypanosomatid flagellates of the genus Blastocrithidia possess catalase. This enzyme is not Oxygen peroxide phylogenetically related to the previously characterized catalases in other monoxenous trypanosomatids, sug- Catalase gesting that their genes have been acquired independently. Surprisingly, Blastocrithidia catalase is less en- Trypanosomatidae zymatically active, compared to its counterpart from Leptomonas pyrrhocoris, posing an intriguing biological question why this gene has been retained in the evolution of trypanosomatids. Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) is a ubiquitous enzyme, usually involved in peroxide plays a role in promastigote-to-amastigote differentiation of oxidative stress protection. It contains a heme cofactor in its active site these parasites [8]. Thus, presence of a catalase appears to be in- and converts hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and oxygen [1]. -
Leishmaniases in the AMERICAS
MANUAL OF PROCEDURES FOR SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL Leishmaniases IN THE AMERICAS Pan American World Health Health Organization Organization REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE Americas Manual of procedures for leishmaniases surveillance and control in the Americas Pan American World Health Health Organization Organization REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE Americas Washington, D.C. 2019 Also published in Spanish Manual de procedimientos para vigilancia y control de las leishmaniasis en las Américas ISBN: 978-92-75-32063-1 Manual of procedures for leishmaniases surveillance and control in the Americas ISBN: 978-92-75-12063-7 © Pan American Health Organization 2019 All rights reserved. Publications of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) are available on the PAHO website (www.paho. org). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate PAHO Publications should be addressed to the Publications Program throu- gh the PAHO website (www.paho.org/permissions). Suggested citation. Pan American Health Organization. Manual of procedures for leishmaniases surveillance and control in the Americas. Washington, D.C.: PAHO; 2019. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://iris.paho.org. Publications of the Pan American Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of PAHO concerning the status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. -
Importance of Angomonas Deanei KAP4 for Kdna
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Importance of Angomonas deanei KAP4 for kDNA arrangement, cell division and maintenance of the host‑bacterium relationship Camila Silva Gonçalves1,2,5, Carolina Moura Costa Catta‑Preta3,5, Bruno Repolês4, Jeremy C. Mottram3, Wanderley De Souza1,2, Carlos Renato Machado4* & Maria Cristina M. Motta1,2* Angomonas deanei coevolves in a mutualistic relationship with a symbiotic bacterium that divides in synchronicity with other host cell structures. Trypanosomatid mitochondrial DNA is contained in the kinetoplast and is composed of thousands of interlocked DNA circles (kDNA). The arrangement of kDNA is related to the presence of histone‑like proteins, known as KAPs (kinetoplast‑associated proteins), that neutralize the negatively charged kDNA, thereby afecting the activity of mitochondrial enzymes involved in replication, transcription and repair. In this study, CRISPR‑Cas9 was used to delete both alleles of the A. deanei KAP4 gene. Gene‑defcient mutants exhibited high compaction of the kDNA network and displayed atypical phenotypes, such as the appearance of a flamentous symbionts, cells containing two nuclei and one kinetoplast, and division blocks. Treatment with cisplatin and UV showed that Δkap4 null mutants were not more sensitive to DNA damage and repair than wild‑type cells. Notably, lesions caused by these genotoxic agents in the mitochondrial DNA could be repaired, suggesting that the kDNA in the kinetoplast of trypanosomatids has unique repair mechanisms. Taken together, our data indicate that although KAP4 is not an essential protein, it plays important roles in kDNA arrangement and replication, as well as in the maintenance of symbiosis. Te kinetoplast contains the mitochondrial DNA (kDNA) of trypanosomatids, which is arranged in a network of several thousand minicircles categorized into diferent classes and several dozen maxicircles that are virtually identical. -
Trypanosomatids: Odd Organisms, Devastating Diseases
30 The Open Parasitology Journal, 2010, 4, 30-59 Open Access Trypanosomatids: Odd Organisms, Devastating Diseases Angela H. Lopes*,1, Thaïs Souto-Padrón1, Felipe A. Dias2, Marta T. Gomes2, Giseli C. Rodrigues1, Luciana T. Zimmermann1, Thiago L. Alves e Silva1 and Alane B. Vermelho1 1Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes, UFRJ; Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, R.J. 21941-590, Brasil 2Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, UFRJ; Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, R.J. 21941-590, Brasil Abstract: Trypanosomatids cause many diseases in and on animals (including humans) and plants. Altogether, about 37 million people are infected with Trypanosoma brucei (African sleeping sickness), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) and Leishmania species (distinct forms of leishmaniasis worldwide). The class Kinetoplastea is divided into the subclasses Prokinetoplastina (order Prokinetoplastida) and Metakinetoplastina (orders Eubodonida, Parabodonida, Neobodonida and Trypanosomatida) [1,2]. The Prokinetoplastida, Eubodonida, Parabodonida and Neobodonida can be free-living, com- mensalic or parasitic; however, all members of theTrypanosomatida are parasitic. Although they seem like typical protists under the microscope the kinetoplastids have some unique features. In this review we will give an overview of the family Trypanosomatidae, with particular emphasis on some of its “peculiarities” (a single ramified mitochondrion; unusual mi- tochondrial DNA, the kinetoplast; a complex form of mitochondrial RNA editing; transcription of all protein-encoding genes polycistronically; trans-splicing of all mRNA transcripts; the glycolytic pathway within glycosomes; T. brucei vari- able surface glycoproteins and T. cruzi ability to escape from the phagocytic vacuoles), as well as the major diseases caused by members of this family. -
(Kinetoplastea, Trypanosomatidae) in Pyrrhocoris Apterus (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae) Alexander O
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect European Journal of Protistology 57 (2017) 85–98 Life cycle of Blastocrithidia papi sp. n. (Kinetoplastea, Trypanosomatidae) in Pyrrhocoris apterus (Hemiptera, Pyrrhocoridae) Alexander O. Frolova, Marina N. Malyshevaa, Anna I. Ganyukovaa, Vyacheslav Yurchenkob,c,d, Alexei Y. Kostygova,b,∗ aZoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia bLife Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czechia cBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovskᡠ31, 370 05 Ceskéˇ Budejovice (Budweis), Czechia dInstitute of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czechia Received 29 August 2016; received in revised form 7 October 2016; accepted 11 October 2016 Available online 16 November 2016 Abstract Blastocrithidia papi sp. n. is a cyst-forming trypanosomatid parasitizing firebugs (Pyrrhocoris apterus). It is a member of the Blastocrithidia clade and a very close relative of B. largi, to which it is almost identical through its SSU rRNA gene sequence. However, considering the SL RNA gene these two species represent quite distinct, not even related typing units. Morphological analysis of the new species revealed peculiar or even unique features, which may be useful for future taxonomic revision of the genus Blastocrithidia. These include a breach in the microtubular corset of rostrum at the site of contact with the flagellum, absence of desmosomes between flagellum and rostrum, large transparent vacuole near the flagellar pocket, and multiple vacuoles with fibrous content in the posterior portion of the cell. The study of the flagellates’ behavior in the host intestine revealed that they may attach both to microvilli of enterocytes using swollen flagellar tip and to extracellular membranes layers using hemidesmosomes of flagellum. -
Predicting the Proteins of Angomonas Deanei, Strigomonas Culicis and Their Respective Endosymbionts Reveals New Aspects of the Trypanosomatidae Family
Predicting the Proteins of Angomonas deanei, Strigomonas culicis and Their Respective Endosymbionts Reveals New Aspects of the Trypanosomatidae Family Maria Cristina Machado Motta1, Allan Cezar de Azevedo Martins1, Silvana Sant’Anna de Souza1,2, Carolina Moura Costa Catta-Preta1, Rosane Silva2, Cecilia Coimbra Klein3,4,5, Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida3, Oberdan de Lima Cunha3, Luciane Prioli Ciapina3, Marcelo Brocchi6, Ana Cristina Colabardini7, Bruna de Araujo Lima6, Carlos Renato Machado9,Ce´lia Maria de Almeida Soares10, Christian Macagnan Probst11,12, Claudia Beatriz Afonso de Menezes13, Claudia Elizabeth Thompson3, Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu14, Daniela Fiori Gradia11, Daniela Parada Pavoni12, Edmundo C. Grisard15, Fabiana Fantinatti-Garboggini13, Fabricio Klerynton Marchini12, Gabriela Fla´via Rodrigues-Luiz14, Glauber Wagner15, Gustavo Henrique Goldman7, Juliana Lopes Rangel Fietto16, Maria Carolina Elias17, Maria Helena S. Goldman18, Marie-France Sagot4,5, Maristela Pereira10, Patrı´cia H. Stoco15, Rondon Pessoa de Mendonc¸a-Neto9, Santuza Maria Ribeiro Teixeira9, Talles Eduardo Ferreira Maciel16, Tiago Antoˆ nio de Oliveira Mendes14, Tura´nP.U¨ rme´nyi2, Wanderley de Souza1, Sergio Schenkman19*, Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos3* 1 Laborato´rio de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofı´sica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2 Laborato´rio de Metabolismo Macromolecular Firmino Torres de Castro, Instituto de Biofı´sica Carlos Chagas Filho, -
Carolina Martins Ioc Mest 2016.Pdf
INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Mestrado em Biologia Celular e Molecular IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) Carolina Boucinha Martins Orientadora: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy RIO DE JANEIRO 2016 INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Carolina Boucinha Martins IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto Oswaldo Cruz como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Biologia Celular e Molecular Orientadora: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy RIO DE JANEIRO 2016 i Ficha catalográfica elaborada pela Biblioteca de Ciências Biomédicas/ ICICT / FIOCRUZ - RJ M386 Martins, Carolina Boucinha Identificação molecular de Tripanossomatídeos da coleção de protozoários da Fiocruz (Fiocruz-Colprot) / Carolina Boucinha Martins. – Rio de Janeiro, 2016. xx, 178 f. : il. ; 30 cm. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, 2016. Bibliografia: f. 156-164 1. Identificação molecular. 2. Taxonomia. 3. Tripanossomatídeos. 4. Coleções biológicas. I. Título. CDD 579.84 ii INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Carolina Boucinha Martins IDENTIFICAÇÃO MOLECULAR DE TRIPANOSSOMATÍDEOS DA COLEÇÃO DE PROTOZOÁRIOS DA FIOCRUZ (FIOCRUZ- COLPROT) ORIENTADORA: Dra. Claudia Masini d’Avila Levy EXAMINADORES: Profª. Dra. Elisa Cupolillo - Presidente Profª. Dra. Marta Helena Branquinha de Sá Prof. Dr. André Luiz Rodrigues Roque Prof. Dr. Diogo Antonio Tschoeke- 1º suplente Prof. Dr. Márcio Galvão Pavan- 2º suplente Rio de Janeiro, 10 de outubto de 2016 iii DEDICATÓRIA Dedico este trabalho a minha família, namorado e amigos que, de uma certa forma, contribuíram para a conclusão deste trabalho. -
Lower Trypanosomatids in HIV/AIDS Patients
Annals ofTropical Medicine &Parasitology ,Vol. 97,Supplement No. 1,S75–S78 (2003) Lower trypanosomatids inHIV/AIDS patients C.CHICHARROand J. ALVAR WHOCollaborating Centre for Leishmaniasis, Serviciode Parasitolog ´õ a,Centro Nacional deMicrobiolog ´õ a,Instituto deSaludCarlos III, Carretera Majadahonda– Pozuelo Km 2, 28220Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain Received andaccepted 30 May 2003 Although the family Trypanosomatidae includesparasites ofplants, insectsand vertebrates,only two generain the family, Leishmania and Trypanosoma ,areusually found in humans. Since1995, however, other monoxenous trypanosomatids have beenisolated fromseveral HIV-positive individuals, in whom the parasitescause either visceralor cutaneous lesions. Theseodd casesare reviewed here. It appears that immunocompromised patients may be vulnerableto infectionwith trypanosomatids (and otherparasites) that eitherfail tosurviveor never cause detectablemorbidity in the immunocompetent. Thefamily Trypanosomatidaeincludes several entirely dermotropic in immunocompetent generawhich undergo cyclical development in patients arecausing visceral leishmaniasis both vertebrate andinvertebrate hosts. Such (VL) inHIV-positive patients (Campino digeneticparasites include the Leishmania et al.,1994; Jime´nez et al.,1995; Gramiccia and Trypanosoma speciesthat causedisease et al.,1995). Perhapsmore surprisingly, inhumans and other mammals. The Phyto- somezymodemes of Lei.infantum have only monas speciesthat parasitiselactiferous plants, everbeen found in cases of Leishmania/HIV the Endotrypanum -
Genomics of Trypanosomatidae: Where We Stand and What Needs to Be Done?
pathogens Review Genomics of Trypanosomatidae: Where We Stand and What Needs to Be Done? Vyacheslav Yurchenko 1,2,* , Anzhelika Butenko 1,3 and Alexei Y. Kostygov 1,4,* 1 Life Science Research Centre, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2 Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, 119435 Moscow, Russia 3 Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 Ceskˇ é Budˇejovice, Czech Republic 4 Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia * Correspondence: [email protected] (V.Y.); [email protected] (A.Y.K.) Abstract: Trypanosomatids are easy to cultivate and they are (in many cases) amenable to genetic manipulation. Genome sequencing has become a standard tool routinely used in the study of these flagellates. In this review, we summarize the current state of the field and our vision of what needs to be done in order to achieve a more comprehensive picture of trypanosomatid evolution. This will also help to illuminate the lineage-specific proteins and pathways, which can be used as potential targets in treating diseases caused by these parasites. Keywords: trypanosomatids; next-generation sequencing; genomics Citation: Yurchenko, V.; Butenko, A.; Kostygov, A.Y. Genomics of 1. Introduction Trypanosomatidae: Where We Stand The flagellates of the family Trypanosomatidae represent one of the most evolu- and What Needs to Be tionarily successful groups of parasitic protists, adapted to an extremely wide range of Done? Pathogens 2021, 10, 1124. hosts—from various animals (mainly insects and vertebrates) to flowering plants and even https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens ciliates. -
Trypanosomatids Are Much More Than Just Trypanosomes: Clues from the Expanded Family Tree
UC Riverside UC Riverside Previously Published Works Title Trypanosomatids Are Much More than Just Trypanosomes: Clues from the Expanded Family Tree. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89h481p3 Journal Trends in parasitology, 34(6) ISSN 1471-4922 Authors Lukeš, Julius Butenko, Anzhelika Hashimi, Hassan et al. Publication Date 2018-06-01 DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2018.03.002 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Review Trypanosomatids Are Much More than Just Trypanosomes: Clues from the Expanded Family Tree 1,2, 1,3 1,2 4 1,5 Julius Lukeš, * Anzhelika Butenko, Hassan Hashimi, Dmitri A. Maslov, Jan Votýpka, and 1,3 Vyacheslav Yurchenko Trypanosomes and leishmanias are widely known parasites of humans. How- Highlights ever, they are just two out of several phylogenetic lineages that constitute the Dixenous trypanosomatids, such as the human Trypanosoma parasites, family Trypanosomatidae. Although dixeny – the ability to infect two hosts – is a infect both insects and vertebrates. derived trait of vertebrate-infecting parasites, the majority of trypanosomatids Yet phylogenetic analyses have revealed that these are the exception, are monoxenous. Like their common ancestor, the monoxenous Trypanoso- and that insect-infecting monoxenous matidae are mostly parasites or commensals of insects. This review covers lineages are both abundant and recent advances in the study of insect trypanosomatids, highlighting their diverse. diversity as well as genetic, morphological and biochemical complexity, which, Globally, over 10% of true bugs and until recently, was underappreciated. The investigation of insect trypanoso- flies are infected with monoxenous try- matids is providing an important foundation for understanding the origin and panosomatids, whereas other insect groups are infected much less fre- evolution of parasitism, including colonization of vertebrates and the appear- quently.