DOCSLIB.ORG

2020 Muskett Mscres

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2020 Muskett Mscres Bangor University MASTERS BY RESEARCH The current state of outdoor activity provision in Wales Muskett, Calum Award date: 2020 Awarding institution: Bangor University Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 THE CURRENT STATE OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITY PROVISION IN WALES By Calum Muskett Thesis submitted to Bangor University in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters by Research at the School of Sport, Health, and Exercise Sciences, Bangor University. July 2019 6 CONTENTS Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. 11 THESIS ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... 13 CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ................................................................................. 14 Physical health within Wales ......................................................................................................... 15 Mental health within Wales ........................................................................................................... 16 Access to Natural Resources .......................................................................................................... 17 Participation .................................................................................................................................... 19 Provision .......................................................................................................................................... 21 Policy ................................................................................................................................................ 22 Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 24 CHAPTER 2: ....................................................................................................................................... 27 STUDY 1: AN EXAMINAION OF THE STATUS OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITY PROVIDERS IN WALES ........................................................................................................................................... 27 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 27 An examination of the status of outdoor activity providers in Wales ........................................ 28 Method ............................................................................................................................................. 32 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 34 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 44 CHAPTER 3: ....................................................................................................................................... 52 STUDY 2: AN INVESTIGATION OF THE UPTAKE OF HIGHER-LEVEL MOUNTAINEERING QUALIFICATIONS IN WALES ............................................................... 52 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 52 An investigation of the uptake of higher-level mountaineering qualifications in Wales .......... 53 Method ............................................................................................................................................. 54 7 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 55 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 57 CHAPTER 4: ....................................................................................................................................... 60 STUDY 3: AN EXAMINATION OF OUTDOOR ACTIVITY PROVISION IN SECONDARY COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS IN WALES .................................................................................. 60 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 60 An examination of outdoor activity provision in secondary comprehensive schools in Wales 61 Method ............................................................................................................................................. 64 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 66 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 70 CHAPTER 5: ....................................................................................................................................... 79 STUDY 4: CHANGES IN LOCAL EDUCATION AUTHORITY OUTDOOR CENTRES 1978 – 2018 ...................................................................................................................................................... 79 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 79 Changes in Local Education Authority Outdoor Centres 1978-2018 ........................................ 80 Method ............................................................................................................................................. 82 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 83 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 85 CHAPTER 6: ....................................................................................................................................... 90 STUDY 5: AN INVESTIGATION INTO OUTDOOR ACTIVITY CLUB PROVISION AND PARTICIPATION IN WALES ......................................................................................................... 90 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................ 90 An investigation into outdoor activity club provision and participation in Wales ................... 91 Method ............................................................................................................................................. 92 Results .............................................................................................................................................. 94 Discussion ...................................................................................................................................... 102 8 CHAPTER 7: GENERAL DISCUSSION ....................................................................................... 108 Summary of research findings ..................................................................................................... 108 Theoretical implications ............................................................................................................... 111 Applied implications ..................................................................................................................... 112 Implications for practise ............................................................................................................... 115 Strengths of the research .............................................................................................................. 121 Weaknesses of the research .......................................................................................................... 123 Suggestions for future research directions ................................................................................. 125 Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 126 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 128 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................... 135 APPENDIX A ...............................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UK Homelessness: 2005 to 2018
    Article UK homelessness: 2005 to 2018 Assessment of the comparability and coherence of existing UK government data sources on homelessness. Contact: Release date: Next release: Lucy Carty 17 September 2019 To be announced [email protected] +44 (0) 203 741 1789 Table of contents 1. Main points 2. Things you need to know about this release 3. Homelessness housing duties 4. Outcomes 5. Temporary accommodation 6. Demographics 7. Reasons for homelessness 8. Rough sleeping 9. Planned improvements to homelessness and rough sleeping statistics 10. Annex: Data sources Page 1 of 48 1 . Main points Homelessness and housing are devolved policies across the UK and each country produces data and statistics according to their own legislative framework, which vary substantially between countries; differences in reporting categories, category definitions and reporting timeframes are key barriers to comparability across all areas of homelessness statistics. Trends suggest that the number of people reported to be seeking help for homelessness has been reasonably stable in the UK since around 2013. Trends in the number of temporary accommodation placements in the UK are diverging with figures rising in England, variable in Wales, and relatively stable in Scotland and Northern Ireland over the last five years. When applicants are found accommodation, Scotland and Northern Ireland rehome almost all applicants in social housing while England and Wales rehome across the social and private rented sector. Characteristics of homeless households are relatively similar across the UK despite legislative and reporting differences; the largest categories for households seeking help for homelessness are: single- person households without children; those aged between 25 to 49 years; and males.
    [Show full text]
  • Futures for Wales
    Futures for Wales 1 Public Health Wales Suggested citation: Graham J, Azam S, Woodfine L, Dyakova M and Bellis MA (2018). Futures for Wales. Public Health Wales, Cardiff. ISBN 978-1-910768-95-2 © 2018 Public Health Wales NHS Trust Policy, Research and International Development Directorate Floor 5, Public Health Wales NHS Trust Number 2 Capital Quarter Tyndall Street Cardiff CF10 4BZ Tel: +44 (0)29 2022 7744 Material contained in this document may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Government Licence (OGL) www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ provided it is done so accurately and is not used in a misleading context. Acknowledgement to Public Health Wales NHS Trust to be stated. Copyright in the typographical arrangement, design and layout belongs to Public Health Wales NHS Trust. Design: Jenney Creative www.jenneycreative.co.uk Futures for Wales Foreword Dr Tracey Cooper and Sophie Howe Our Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 continues to have global recognition, putting Wales at the forefront of creating a different future for generations to come. Whilst most public bodies have always had responsibilities in delivering a range of services to support health and well- being, one of the key innovative requirements of the Act is the focus on ‘future’ generations, which by definition requires new and different approaches. This in turn means new tools, new skills and a new and different mind-set in which planners, commissioners, policy makers and service providers need to take a long-term view to addressing health and well-being in their population and with their population.
    [Show full text]
  • Wales and the Sustainable Development Goals
    Globally Responsible Prosperous Vibrant Culture Resilient and Thriving WALES AND THE SUSTAINABLE Welsh Language DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2019 Healthier Cohesive Communities More Equal Supplementary Report to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Voluntary National Review of progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Y Cymru a Garem The Wales We Want Foreword development to be the central organising principle of each The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) organisation. set out an ambitious agenda for transforming the world for people, planet and prosperity. We share this ambition in Wales We established the world’s first statutory independent Future and we are committed to making our contribution to the goals. Generations Commissioner for Wales to be an advocate for the long term and to support decision-makers in Wales. As we look back on progress since the SDGs were agreed in 2015, we should reflect on the actions we took in Wales to We brought together local government with other key players in prepare us for Agenda 2030. statutory partnerships, Public Services Boards, to carry out sustainable development at the local level. In 2015, the National Assembly for Wales made a historic decision to change the course of Wales onto a more We made it clear that sustainable development is about sustainable path by passing the Well-being of Future working differently – for Wales this means looking to the future; Generations (Wales) Act 2015. This reflected the tireless effort integrating the four dimensions of sustainable development; by people from across Wales to strengthen the way in which collaborating to find and deliver more sustainable solutions; Wales’s future is shaped.
    [Show full text]
  • The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: a Health Impact
    The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach Technical Report: Part 2 The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach Authors Liz Greeni, Nerys Edmondsi, Laura Morgan i, Rachel Andrewii, Malcolm Ward ii, Sumina Azam ii, and Mark A. Bellis ii. This Health Impact Assessment is in three parts: 1. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Executive Summary 2. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Main Findings 3. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Technical Report a. Technical Report: Part 1 b. Technical Report: Part 2 (this document) This Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has been undertaken at a time of ongoing uncertainty and a rapidly evolving Brexit agenda. The HIA will continue to be reviewed and monitored post publication to reflect changing context, evidence and events, and where possible updated. Suggested citation: Green L, Edmonds N, Morgan L, Andrew R, Ward M, Azam S and Bellis MA. (2019). The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Technical Report Part 2. Cardiff, Public Health Wales NHS Trust. ISBN 978-1-78986-039-9 © 2019 Public Health Wales NHS Trust. Material contained in this document may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Government Licence (OGL) www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ provided it is done so accurately and is not used in a misleading context. Acknowledgement to Public Health Wales NHS Trust to be stated.
    [Show full text]
  • The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: a Health Impact
    The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach Main Findings The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach Authors Liz Greeni, Nerys Edmondsi, Laura Morgan i, Rachel Andrewii, Malcolm Ward ii, Sumina Azam ii, and Mark A. Bellis ii. This Health Impact Assessment is in three parts: 1. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Executive Summary 2. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Main Findings (this document) 3. The Public Health Implications of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Technical Report a. Technical Report: Part 1 b. Technical Report: Part 2 This Health Impact Assessment (HIA) has been undertaken at a time of ongoing uncertainty and a rapidly evolving Brexit agenda. The HIA will continue to be reviewed and monitored post publication to reflect changing context, evidence and events, and where possible updated. Suggested citation: Green L, Edmonds N, Morgan L, Andrew R, Ward M, Azam S and Bellis MA. (2019). The Public Health Impact of Brexit in Wales: A Health Impact Assessment Approach. Main Findings. Cardiff, Public Health Wales NHS Trust. ISBN 978-1-78986-041-2 © 2019 Public Health Wales NHS Trust. Material contained in this document may be reproduced under the terms of the Open Government Licence (OGL) www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/ provided it is done so accurately and is not used in a misleading context. Acknowledgement to Public Health Wales NHS Trust to be stated.
    [Show full text]
  • Wales and the Sustainable Development Goals
    Globally Responsible Prosperous Vibrant Culture Resilient and Thriving WALES AND THE SUSTAINABLE Welsh Language DEVELOPMENT GOALS 2019 Healthier Cohesive Communities More Equal Supplementary Report to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Voluntary National Review of progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Y Cymru a Garem The Wales We Want Foreword development to be the central organising principle of each The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) organisation. set out an ambitious agenda for transforming the world for people, planet and prosperity. We share this ambition in Wales We established the world’s first statutory independent Future and we are committed to making our contribution to the goals. Generations Commissioner for Wales to be an advocate for the long term and to support decision-makers in Wales. As we look back on progress since the SDGs were agreed in 2015, we should reflect on the actions we took in Wales to We brought together local government with other key players in prepare us for Agenda 2030. statutory partnerships, Public Services Boards, to carry out sustainable development at the local level. In 2015, the National Assembly for Wales made a historic decision to change the course of Wales onto a more We made it clear that sustainable development is about sustainable path by passing the Well-being of Future working differently – for Wales this means looking to the future; Generations (Wales) Act 2015. This reflected the tireless effort integrating the four dimensions of sustainable development; by people from across Wales to strengthen the way in which collaborating to find and deliver more sustainable solutions; Wales’s future is shaped.
    [Show full text]
  • Waite, D. and Morgan, K. (2018) City Deals in the Polycentric State: the Spaces and Politics of Metrophilia in the UK
    Waite, D. and Morgan, K. (2018) City Deals in the polycentric state: the spaces and politics of Metrophilia in the UK. European Urban and Regional Studies, (doi:10.1177/0969776418798678). This is the author’s final accepted version. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/166140/ Deposited on: 10 July 2018 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk City Deals in the Polycentric State: The spaces and politics of Metrophilia in the UK Abstract This paper draws attention to the burgeoning phenomenon of Metrophilia, the fashionable yet uncritical embrace of city-centric narratives of development in place-based policymaking. Within this narrative, City Deals have emerged as mechanisms that pit places in competition with each other through the promotion of local economic growth compacts. Despite being launched with great fanfare as localised victories, City Deals raise important questions regarding the shape of the UK state system and the objectives of spatial policy. Addressing these concerns, and focusing on the tripartite political arrangements in the UK’s devolved administrations nations, we argue that political tensions between nationalism and city- regionalism may be exacerbated through deal-making approaches. 1. Introduction The territorial transformation of the UK state has been a key feature of British politics for at least the last four decades. Such transformation has been driven by various mechanisms and rationales along with competing political objectives and interests (Tewdwr-Jones and McNeill, 2000; Deas and Ward, 2000; Harrison, 2010).
    [Show full text]
  • This Is Wales. 02–03 This Is Wales It’S Our Year of the Sea
    2018 visitwales.com This is Wales. 02–03 This is Wales It’s our Year of the Sea The sea is our theme for 2018. In Wales, we’ll be celebrating our shores in many ways, with epic events, attractions and experiences we can all share. It’s a theme that fits Wales like a glove. We’re a nation shaped by the sea. Coastline – 870 miles/1,400km of it – wraps itself around most of the country. Uniquely, you can see it all from the Wales Coast Path, the first of its kind in the world. There’s more. We have 230 beaches (yes, someone has counted them all) and 50 islands. Blue Flags – the ultimate international badge of quality – fly over 50 beaches and marinas, the highest concentration in Britain. This is Wales. 04 Coast Stories 08 Our Inland Shores 10 Cities by the Sea 12 Splash About 14 Country Life 16 Green Ways 18 Past Masters This magazine is also available in Welsh, German, Dutch, 20 Wales in Bloom French, Catalan and Spanish. Visit Wales cannot guarantee 22 In the Food Mood the accuracy or reliability of the information in this 24 Best Fests publication and hereby disclaim any responsibility for any error, omission or misrepresentation. To the fullest extent permitted by law all liability for loss, disappointment, negligence or other damage caused by reliance on the information contained in this guide is excluded. You are Travel Itineraries. advised to check all details and information with the business concerned before confirming a reservation. All rights 26 The Wales Way reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Generation in Wales 2018 Contents
    Energy Generation in Wales 2018 Contents Introduction pages Introduction ............................................... 1 Fossil fuels ......................................35 Ministerial foreword ................................... 2 Fossil fuel electricity generation .............. 36 Electricity generation in Wales ......... 4 Storage ...........................................39 Renewable energy in Wales ....................... 6 Battery storage ...................................... 40 Progress towards targets ............................ 8 Pumped hydropower storage ................. 42 The local picture ........................................ 10 Locally owned renewable energy ............... 12 Reference pages .................................. 43 Data tables ............................................ 44 Low carbon technologies ..................15 Methodology ......................................... 47 Anaerobic digestion ................................... 16 Assumptions and references .................. 48 Biomass heat ............................................. 17 Abbreviations and definitions ................. 49 Biomass electricity and CHP ....................... 19 Energy from waste ..................................... 21 Heat pumps ............................................... 22 Hydropower ............................................... 24 Landfill gas ................................................ 26 Nuclear ...................................................... 27 Onshore wind ...........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Sentencing and Imprisonment in Wales 2018 Factfile
    Sentencing and Imprisonment in Wales 2018 Factfile Dr Robert Jones Wales Governance Centre at Cardiff University August 2019 Acknowledgements ABOUT US The Wales Governance Centre is a research centre that forms part of Cardiff University’s School of Law and Politics undertaking innovative research into all aspects of the law, politics, government and political economy of Wales, as well the wider UK and European contexts of territorial governance. A key objective of the Centre is to facilitate and encourage informed public debate of key developments in Welsh governance not only through its research, but also through events and postgraduate teaching. ABOUT THIS PROJECT Cardiff University’s Wales Governance Centre launched the Justice and Jurisdiction project in July 2018. It brings together an interdisciplinary group of academic researchers consisting of political scientists, criminologists, constitutional law experts and political economists to investigate the operation of the legal and justice system in Wales. The project is funded by a combination of the Economic and Social Research Council, the Welsh Government and Cardiff University. As well as producing high quality academic outputs, the project will generate a series of reports intended to inform the work of Commission on Justice in Wales as well as encourage an informed public debate on the organisation and operation of the legal and justice system in Wales. Whilst the research team continues to benefit from comments and suggestions from our external partners, the programme itself has been conceived of and is being delivered wholly independently of them. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Robert Jones is a Research Associate at the Wales Governance Centre at Cardiff University.
    [Show full text]
  • LGF Report 2020-21 Revised
    AMENDED LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE REPORT (No.1) 2020-21 (Final Settlement – Councils) Welsh Ministers Amended Local Government Finance Report (No.1) 2020-21 (Final Settlement - Councils) 1 AMENDED LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE REPORT (No.1) 2020-21 (Final Settlement – Councils) CONTENTS SECTION ONE: PURPOSE OF REPORT AND MAIN PROPOSALS ................................. 3 Chapter 1: Purpose of report ............................................................................................. 3 Chapter 2: Main Proposals ................................................................................................ 4 SECTION TWO: COUNCILS ............................................................................................... 5 Chapter 3: Calculation of the amount of Revenue Support Grant for each council ............ 5 Chapter 4: Calculation of the amount of non-domestic rates for each council ................... 8 Chapter 5: Calculation of the Standard Spending Assessment for each council ..............10 SECTION THREE - ANNEXES TO THE REPORT .............................................................11 Annex 1: Amounts of Revenue Support Grant to be paid to Specified Bodies .................12 Annex 2: Indicators and Values used in the Calculation of Councils’ Standard Spending Assessments ....................................................................................................13 Annex 3: Glossary and Explanatory Notes .......................................................................27 Annex 4: Statutory Basis for
    [Show full text]
  • (TRACKED) – an Interactive Online Tool to Monitor Excess Deaths Associated with COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom
    medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.05.20121962; this version posted June 7, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license . TRACKing Excess Deaths (TRACKED) – an interactive online tool to monitor excess deaths associated with COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom Michael TC Poon,1,2 Paul M Brennan,2,3 Kai Jin,1,2 Jonine D Figueroa,1,2 Cathie LM Sudlow1,2,3,4 Affiliations 1Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh 2Brain Tumour Centre of Excellence, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh 3Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh 4BHF Data Science Centre, Health Data Research UK, London, NW1 2BE, UK Correspondence to: Professor Cathie LM Sudlow ([email protected] ) Abstract Background: We aimed to describe trends of excess mortality in the United Kingdom (UK) stratified by nation and cause of death, and to develop an online tool for reporting the most up to date data on excess mortality. Methods: Population statistics agencies in the UK including the Office for National Statistics (ONS), National Records of Scotland (NRS), and Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA) publish weekly data on deaths. We used mortality data up to 22nd May in the ONS and the NISRA and 24th May in the NRS. Crude mortality for non-COVID deaths (where there is no mention of COVID-19 on the death certificate) calculated.
    [Show full text]