Adaptations Comportementales De L'acarien Ectoparasite Varroa
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Conservation of Asian Honey Bees Benjamin P
Conservation of Asian honey bees Benjamin P. Oldroyd, Piyamas Nanork To cite this version: Benjamin P. Oldroyd, Piyamas Nanork. Conservation of Asian honey bees. Apidologie, Springer Verlag, 2009, 40 (3), 10.1051/apido/2009021. hal-00892024 HAL Id: hal-00892024 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00892024 Submitted on 1 Jan 2009 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Apidologie 40 (2009) 296–312 Available online at: c INRA/DIB-AGIB/EDP Sciences, 2009 www.apidologie.org DOI: 10.1051/apido/2009021 Review article Conservation of Asian honey bees* Benjamin P. Oldroyd1, Piyamas Nanork2 1 Behaviour and Genetics of Social Insects Lab, School of Biological Sciences A12, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia 2 Department of Biology, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand Received 26 June 2008 – Revised 14 October 2008 – Accepted 29 October 2008 Abstract – East Asia is home to at least 9 indigenous species of honey bee. These bees are extremely valu- able because they are key pollinators of about 1/3 of crop species, provide significant income to some of the world’s poorest people, and are prey items for some endemic vertebrates. -
Ecology, Behaviour and Control of Apis Cerana with a Focus on Relevance to the Australian Incursion
Insects 2013, 4, 558-592; doi:10.3390/insects4040558 OPEN ACCESS insects ISSN 2075-4450 www.mdpi.com/journal/insects/ Review Ecology, Behaviour and Control of Apis cerana with a Focus on Relevance to the Australian Incursion Anna H. Koetz Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, 21-23 Redden St., Portsmith, QLD 4870, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-419-726-698; Fax: +61-7-4057-3690 Received: 27 June 2013; in revised form: 13 September 2013 / Accepted: 24 September 2013 / Published: 21 October 2013 Abstract: Apis cerana Fabricius is endemic to most of Asia, where it has been used for honey production and pollination services for thousands of years. Since the 1980s, A. cerana has been introduced to areas outside its natural range (namely New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, and Australia), which sparked fears that it may become a pest species that could compete with, and negatively affect, native Australian fauna and flora, as well as commercially kept A. mellifera and commercial crops. This literature review is a response to these concerns and reviews what is known about the ecology and behaviour of A. cerana. Differences between temperate and tropical strains of A. cerana are reviewed, as are A. cerana pollination, competition between A. cerana and A. mellifera, and the impact and control strategies of introduced A. cerana, with a particular focus on gaps of current knowledge. Keywords: Apis cerana; Apis mellifera; incursion; pest species; Australia; pollination; competition; distribution; control 1. Introduction Apis cerana Fabricius (also known as the Asian honeybee, Asiatic bee, Asian hive bee, Indian honeybee, Indian bee, Chinese bee, Mee bee, Eastern honeybee, and Fly Bee) is endemic to most of Asia where it has been used for honey production and pollination services for thousands of years. -
A Preliminary Detective Survey of Hymenopteran Insects at Jazan Lake Dam Region, Southwest of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28 (2021) 2342–2351 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences journal homepage: www.sciencedirect.com Original article A preliminary detective survey of hymenopteran insects at Jazan Lake Dam Region, Southwest of Saudi Arabia Hanan Abo El-Kassem Bosly 1 Biology Department - Faculty of Science - Jazan University, Saudi Arabia article info abstract Article history: A preliminary detective survey for the hymenopteran insect fauna of Jazan Lake dam region, Southwest Received 16 November 2020 Saudi Arabia, was carried out for one year from January 2018 to January 2019 using mainly sweep nets Revised 6 January 2021 and Malaise traps. The survey revealed the presence of three hymenopteran Superfamilies (Apoidea, Accepted 12 January 2021 Vespoidea and Evanioidea) representing 15 species belonging to 10 genera of 6 families (Apidae, Available online 28 January 2021 Crabronidae, Sphecidae, Vespidae, Mutillidae, and Evaniidae). The largest number of species has belonged to the family Crabronidae is represented by 6 species under 2 genera. While the family Apidae, is repre- Keywords: sented by 2 species under 2 genera. Family Vespidae is represented by 2 species of one genus. While, the Survey rest of the families Sphecidae, Mutillida, and Evaniidae each is represented by only one species and one Insect fauna Hymenoptera genus each. Eleven species are predators, two species are pollinators and two species are parasitics. Note Jazan for each family was provided, and species was provided with synonyms and general and taxonomic Saudi Arabia remarks and their worldwide geographic distribution and information about their economic importance are also included. -
Carpenter Bees
E-252-W Household and Structural Department of Entomology CARPENTER BEES Timothy J. Gibb, Extension Entomologist Large, black bees hovering around and drilling holes into Holes are created by the female carpenter bee when homes, out-buildings, wooden furniture and decks during May it selects an appropriate site and begins to chew. Tunnel and June are carpenter bees. They resemble, and are often entrances are approximately ½ inch in diameter, just large mistaken for bumble bees but the most apparent difference is enough for the bee to enter. that the carpenter bee has a black, shiny abdomen, compared to the hairy and often yellowish abdomen of the bumble bee. Tunnels usually consist of an entrance hole that penetrates into the wood ½ to 1 inch across the grain of the wood and Behavior then turns at a right angle to follow the wood grain for 6 – 8 inches. After tunneling is completed the bee will create indi- Behaviorally, carpenter bees also are quite unique. They vidual cells using bits of sawdust and frass along the length are most often noticed as they bore into wood and create of the tunnel. Each cell is provisioned with a pollen ball into tunnels for egg laying and for protection during the winter. which she will lay an individual egg before sealing it off. As Most commonly carpenter bees select bare, unpainted and the eggs hatch in mid summer, the larvae feed on the pol- weathered softwoods including redwood, cedar, cypress and Beginning of hole that will eventually become nearly per- Carpenter bee boring into wood. -
Carpenter Bees Xylocopa Species; Family: Anthophoridae; Subfamily: Xylocopinae
INSECT DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IDL Cornell University, Dept. of Entomology, 2144 Comstock Hall, Ithaca NY 14853-2601 Carpenter Bees Xylocopa species; Family: Anthophoridae; Subfamily: Xylocopinae Carpenter Bee Wood damage: tunnel (with cells for larvae). Photo from www.forestryimages.org USDA Forest Service, Wood Products Insect Lab Archives, USDA Forest Station. Injury Carpenter bees bore into wood to make a home for the young. In preferred sites, bees can drill a large number of holes. A common species in the Northeast, Xylocopa virginica, drills holes 1/2 inch in diameter. Often the same nesting sites are used year after year, and the same tunnels are reused. The damage is primarily to fascia boards. Nail holes, exposed saw cuts, and unpainted wood are attractive nesting sites to these insects. Porches, garages, shed ceilings and trim, railings, roof overhangs and outdoor wooden furniture, are all common nesting sites. Continued borings may weaken some wooden structures, and the yellow "sawdust and pollen" waste materials may stain cars, clothing, or furniture. Behavior The males are territorial, and in the spring they often guard the potential nest sites. They discourage intruders by hovering or darting at any moving thing that ventures into the nesting area. This can create a "human annoyance" factor, and it is one that often startles and concerns the homeowner. However, male carpenter bees do not sting. The female carpenter bee, like many other bees, can sting -- but it is uncommon for her to do so. Description Carpenter bees of the genus Xylocopa are large black and yellow insects about one inch long that closely resemble bumblebees. -
Molecular Ecology and Social Evolution of the Eastern Carpenter Bee
Molecular ecology and social evolution of the eastern carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica Jessica L. Vickruck, B.Sc., M.Sc. Department of Biological Sciences Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Brock University St. Catharines, Ontario © 2017 Abstract Bees are extremely valuable models in both ecology and evolutionary biology. Their link to agriculture and sensitivity to climate change make them an excellent group to examine how anthropogenic disturbance can affect how genes flow through populations. In addition, many bees demonstrate behavioural flexibility, making certain species excellent models with which to study the evolution of social groups. This thesis studies the molecular ecology and social evolution of one such bee, the eastern carpenter bee, Xylocopa virginica. As a generalist native pollinator that nests almost exclusively in milled lumber, anthropogenic disturbance and climate change have the power to drastically alter how genes flow through eastern carpenter bee populations. In addition, X. virginica is facultatively social and is an excellent organism to examine how species evolve from solitary to group living. Across their range of eastern North America, X. virginica appears to be structured into three main subpopulations: a northern group, a western group and a core group. Population genetic analyses suggest that the northern and potentially the western group represent recent range expansions. Climate data also suggest that summer and winter temperatures describe a significant amount of the genetic differentiation seen across their range. Taken together, this suggests that climate warming may have allowed eastern carpenter bees to expand their range northward. Despite nesting predominantly in disturbed areas, eastern carpenter bees have adapted to newly available habitat and appear to be thriving. -
Bee Viruses: Routes of Infection in Hymenoptera
fmicb-11-00943 May 27, 2020 Time: 14:39 # 1 REVIEW published: 28 May 2020 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00943 Bee Viruses: Routes of Infection in Hymenoptera Orlando Yañez1,2*, Niels Piot3, Anne Dalmon4, Joachim R. de Miranda5, Panuwan Chantawannakul6,7, Delphine Panziera8,9, Esmaeil Amiri10,11, Guy Smagghe3, Declan Schroeder12,13 and Nor Chejanovsky14* 1 Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, 2 Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Centre, Bern, Switzerland, 3 Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 4 INRAE, Unité de Recherche Abeilles et Environnement, Avignon, France, 5 Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, 6 Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 7 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, 8 General Zoology, Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther-University of Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany, 9 Halle-Jena-Leipzig, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Leipzig, Germany, 10 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States, 11 Department Edited by: of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States, 12 Department of Veterinary Akio Adachi, Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States, -
Genomes of the Hymenoptera Michael G
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Digital Repository @ Iowa State University Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Publications 2-2018 Genomes of the Hymenoptera Michael G. Branstetter U.S. Department of Agriculture Anna K. Childers U.S. Department of Agriculture Diana Cox-Foster U.S. Department of Agriculture Keith R. Hopper U.S. Department of Agriculture Karen M. Kapheim Utah State University See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/eeob_ag_pubs Part of the Behavior and Ethology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics and Genomics Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ eeob_ag_pubs/269. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology Publications by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Genomes of the Hymenoptera Abstract Hymenoptera is the second-most sequenced arthropod order, with 52 publically archived genomes (71 with ants, reviewed elsewhere), however these genomes do not capture the breadth of this very diverse order (Figure 1, Table 1). These sequenced genomes represent only 15 of the 97 extant families. Although at least 55 other genomes are in progress in an additional 11 families (see Table 2), stinging wasps represent 35 (67%) of the available and 42 (76%) of the in progress genomes. -
Cambodian Cashew Industry
Nominating the bee trees of Nandagudi/Ramagovindapura as a World’s First Bee Heritage Site Presented by: Stephen PETERSEN Apicultural Consultant, Toklat Apiaries Fairbanks, Alaska, USA And Muniswamyreddy Shankar REDDY Centre for Apicultural Studies, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Jnana Bharathi, Bangalore-560056, INDIA Honeybee species found in SE Asia Apis dorsata, Thailand Apis florea, India Apis cerana, Philippines Single comb, exposed nests Multi comb, enclosed nests Giant Honeybees Cavity nesting bees Apis dorsata (3 sub-species) Apis cerana (6 sub-species) i. Apis dorsata dorsata (1) Apis cerana koschevnikovi ii. Apis dorsata binghami (2) Apis cerana nigrocincta iii. Apis dorsata breviligula (3) Apis cerana nuluensis Apis laboriosa (4) Apis cerana cerana Dwarf or Small Honeybees (5) Apis cerana indica Apis andreniformis (6) Apis cerana himalaya Apis florea Introduced species Apis mellifera Distribution of Apis dorsata sub-species in Asia. Apis dorsata Bangalore breviligula Apis dorsata dorsata Apis dorsata binghami © Stephen Petersen - Apicultural Consultant Apis dorsata – are most typically found in aggregated nesting sites in emergent trees © Stephen Petersen - Apicultural Consultant They frequently nest on man-made structures; apartment buildings, bill boards and water towers are favorites at Bangalore Bill board, Airport Road Water tank, ITI Water Tank, Air Force Station The village of Ramagovindapura; a unique aggregation of Apis dorsata colonies. In January, 2010 there were at least 630 colonies nesting in one tree in the center of Ramagovindapura village © M.S. Reddy Colonies monitored in Ramagovindapura tree Number of Number of Income Year Apis dorsata colonies Remarks generation bee colonies harvested 1998 252 70 Rs. 12,000=00 1999 310 110 Rs. -
(Hymenoptera: Leucospidae) As a Parasitoid of the Large Carpenter Bee Xylocopa Lateralis (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) in Colombia
Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina ISSN: 0373-5680 ISSN: 1851-7471 [email protected] Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Argentina Leucospis leucotelus (Hymenoptera: Leucospidae) as a parasitoid of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa lateralis (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) in Colombia LUCIA, Mariano; WOLFGANG, Hoffmann; GONZALEZ, Victor H. Leucospis leucotelus (Hymenoptera: Leucospidae) as a parasitoid of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa lateralis (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) in Colombia Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 78, no. 2, 2019 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Argentina Available in: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=322058500003 PDF generated from XML JATS4R by Redalyc Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Notas Leucospis leucotelus (Hymenoptera: Leucospidae) as a parasitoid of the large carpenter bee Xylocopa lateralis (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) in Colombia Leucospis leucotelus (Hymenoptera: Leucospidae) parasitoide de la abeja carpintera grande Xylocopa lateralis (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Xylocopinae) en Colombia Mariano LUCIA [email protected] Universidad Nacional de La Plata - CONICET, Argentina Hoffmann WOLFGANG Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia Victor H. GONZALEZ University of Kansas, Estados Unidos Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 78, no. 2, 2019 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Argentina Received: 08 February 2019 Abstract: We report the presence of Leucospis leucotelus Walker parasitizing nests Accepted: 01 April 2019 of Xylocopa (Schonnherria) lateralis Say from Colombia. Previous literature records of Published: 27 June 2019 species of genus Leucospis associated with species of Xylocopa are summarized. Keywords: Natural enemies, Passiflora, Pollinators, Wild bees. Redalyc: https://www.redalyc.org/ articulo.oa?id=322058500003 Resumen: Registramos la presencia de Leucospis leucotelus Walker parasitando nidos de Xylocopa (Schonnherria) lateralis Say en Colombia. -
Apis Cerana, Has Lower Antennal Sensitivity and Decreased
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Resisting majesty: Apis cerana, has lower antennal sensitivity and decreased attraction to queen Received: 24 August 2016 Accepted: 13 February 2017 mandibular pheromone than Apis Published: 15 March 2017 mellifera Shihao Dong1,2,*, Ping Wen1,*, Qi Zhang2, Xinyu Li2, Ken Tan1,2 & James Nieh3 In highly social bees, queen mandibular pheromone (QMP) is vital for colony life. Both Apis cerana (Ac) and Apis mellifera (Am) share an evolutionarily conserved set of QMP compounds: (E)-9-oxodec- 2-enoic acid (9-ODA), (E)-9-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid (9-HDA), (E)-10-hydroxy-dec-2-enoic acid (10- HDA), 10-hydroxy-decanoic acid (10-HDAA), and methyl p–hydroxybenzoate (HOB) found at similar levels. However, evidence suggests there may be species-specific sensitivity differences to QMP compounds because Ac workers have higher levels of ovarian activation than Am workers. Using electroantennograms, we found species-specific sensitivity differences for a blend of the major QMP compounds and three individual compounds (9-HDA, 10-HDAA, and 10-HDA). As predicted, Am was more sensitive than Ac in all cases (1.3- to 2.7- fold higher responses). There were also species differences in worker retinue attraction to three compounds (9-HDA, HOB, and 10-HDA). In all significantly different cases,Am workers were 4.5- to 6.2-fold more strongly attracted than Ac workers were. Thus, Ac workers responded less strongly to QMP than Am workers, and 9-HDA and 10-HDA consistently elicited stronger antennal and retinue formation responses. Honey bee queens produce a pheromone, queen mandibular pheromone (QMP), which plays a central role in colony life and has multiple effects, depending upon the receivers and the context1–3. -
Insect Order ID: Hymenoptera (Bees)
Return to insect order home Page 1 of 3 Visit us on the Web: www.gardeninghelp.org Insect Order ID: Hymenoptera (Bees) Life Cycle–Complete metamorphosis: Queens or solitary adults lay eggs. Larvae eat, grow and molt. This stage is repeated a varying number of times, depending on species, until hormonal changes cause the larvae to pupate. Inside the cell (in hives) or pupal case (solitary), they change in form and color and develop wings. The adults look completely different from the larvae. Solitary wasps: Social wasps: Adults–Bees have hard bodies and membranous wings. The forewing is larger than the hindwing and the two are hooked together as are all Hymenoptera, hence the name "married wings," but this is difficult to see. All have a cinched-in waist (wasp waist). Head is oblong-shaped. Eyes are compound, but not multifaceted. Eggs are laid from the base of the ovipositor, while the ovipositor itself, in most species, has evolved into a stinger. Thus only females have stingers. To collect nectar many species have long tongues. The densely hairy bodies of some species aids in the collection of pollen. Many of the individual hairs are branched giving them a feathery appearance. Most collect pollen on their bodies, some on their abdomens, others in a "pollen basket" on a section of their hindlegs. (Click images to enlarge or orange text for more information.) Long tongue for lapping up nectar 2 pairs of wings Wasp waist Empty pollen basket (cinched-in waist) Flattened hindleg Compound eyes Oblong-shaped head Bulging pollen Densely hairy body baskets Return to insect order home Page 2 of 3 Eggs–Colonies of social bees have at least one queen that lays both fertilized and unfertilized eggs.