•

1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. is n·one, may, pursuant to such ru1es as shall be prescribed by the Comptroller of Tennessee, for the reinstatement of 10 per cent. duty on manufac­ the Treasury, admit such proof as may be adduced; and if they deem the same satisfactory, cancel such bond accordingly. tured cottons, woolens, iron, &c., to the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. POLAND. The amendment is to change the phrase "First By Mr. NEGLEY. The petition of members of the Board of Health Comptroller of the Trea.gury" to "Secretary of the Treasury;" also of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for the passage of the bill establishing "Comptroller of the Treasury" to "Secretary of the Treasury." a bureau of health, to the Committee on Commerce. The amendment was agreed to. Al•w, the remonstrance of twenty-one pilots of Louisville, Ken­ Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is in section 311!~. tucky, against the construction of dams and dikes in and on the Mis­ The section was as follows: sissippi and Ohio Rivers, to the Committee on Commerce. SEc. 3113. Any merchandise imJ,>Orted from the British North American provinces Also, the petition of the Pittsburgh Forge and Iron Company, and adjoining the United States, which shall have been du1y entered and the duties others, of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, for the .repeal of the second sec­ thereon paid or secured a.ccording to law at either of the ports of entry in the ~ollec­ tion districts situated on the northern, northeastern, and northwestern frontiers of tion of the act of June 6, 1872, which made a reduction of 10 per cent. theUnitedStates,maybetransportedbylandorbywater,orpartlybylandandpartly in certain duties, to the Committee on Ways and Means. by water, to any port'or ports from which merchandlse may be exported for benefit Also, the petition of David Laing and others, of Pittsburgh, Penn­ of drawback, and be thence exported with such privilege to any foreign country. sylvania, of similar import, to the Committee on W ays and Means. The laws relatin(7 to the transportation of merchandise entitled to drawba.ck from one district to another, or to two other districts, and the due exportation and proof Also, the petition of P. J. :Murray and others, of Saint Louis, Mis­ of landing thereof, and all re!mlations which the Secretary of the Tr~sury may souri, of similru· import·, to the Committee on Ways and Means. prescribe for the security of tli'e revenue, must, however, be complied With. By Mr. ORR: Several petitions of citizens of Hardin and Story Mr. POLAND. The amendment is near the clo e of the section, 1o Counties, in the State of Iowa, for the establishment of a post-route, strike out the words " from one futrict to another, or to two other with tri-weekly mail service, from Eldora to Nevada, in said State, districts." to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. The amendment was agreed to. By 1\fr. ORTH: The petition of Rev. Joseph C. Talbot, bishop of Mr. POLAND. The next amendment is in section 3121. Indiana, for the establishment of a system of instruction in nautical The section was as follows : science and the rudimental branches of English education in the SEc. 3121. The Secretary of the Trea-sury is hereby further authorized to pre­ United States Navy, to the Committee on Nava,l Affairs. scribe such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the laws of the Umted By Mr. RAWLS: The petition of David R. Dillon, of Savannah, States, as he may deem necessary to carry into effect the provisions of the five pre­ Georgia, for relief, to the Committee on War Claims. ceding sections, and to prevent the illegal reimportation of any merchandise which By Mr. SCUDDER, of New York: Several petitions of honorably shall have been exported as herein provided. discharged soldiers and sailors of Flushing, New York, for amend­ Mr. POLAND. The amendment is to strike out the words "five ments to the homestead law, to the Committee on the Public Lands. preceding sections," and to insert in lieu the words, "laws relating to By :Mr. SPEER: The petition of David Etnier, and 0 other citizens drawbacks." of Brady Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, for the repeal The amendment was agreed to. of that part of the act of June 6, 1872, reducing the duties on certain Mr. POLAND. ·That, Mr. Speaker, closes the amendments which ru·ticles, and remonstrating against imposing a duty on tea and coffee we are prepared to offer to-night. I move that the House now a~journ. a oppre ive to the people, to the Committee on Ways and Means. The motion was agreed to; and accordingly (at nine o'clock and By Mr. THOMAS: The petition of the citizens of New Berne, North ten minutes p. m.) the House adjourned. Carolina, for the removal of obstructions from the Neuse River, to the Committee on Commerce. Also, t he petition of S. E. Koonce, of Jones County, North Carolina, PETITIONS, ETC. for payment for services in carrying the United States mails, to the Committee on Claims. The following memorials, petitions, and other papers were presented Also, the petition of citizens of Greene and Pitt Counties, North at the Clerk's desk, under the rule, and referred as stated: Carolina). for the establishment of a post-route from Snow Hill, via By Mr. ALBERT: The petition of Maria Harris, of Baltimore, Mar Willow u-reen and Ballard's Store, to Greeneville, to the Committee land, for a pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. ARCHER: The petition of Augustus W. Bradford, of Balti­ By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Michigan: The petition of 504 citizens of Hol­ more County, Maryland, for indemnification for the destruction of his land, Ottawa County, Michigan, for an appropriation of $50,000 for dwelling-house near Baltimore by a squad of confederate soldiers in the improvement of Black Lake Harbor, Michigan, to the Committee July, 1864, in retaliation for the destruction by Federal troops of the on Commerce. dwelling-house of George Letcher, of Virginia, to the Committee on War By Mr. WOODFORD: The petition of Snow & Burgess and others, Claims. merchants of the city of New York, that merchants associated under By Mr. ARMSTRONG: The petition of Captain Seth Bonney, for the name of mutual insurance companies, who have suffered by dep­ restoration to his former rank in the Army, to the Committee on Mili­ redations of confederate cruisers, may be indemnified from the Geneva tary Affairs. award fund, t the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. BARRERE : The petition of distillers in the fifth collection Also, a letter from E. E. Morgan's Sons, merchants of New York district of Illinois, that the moneys paid by them pursuant to instruc­ City, transmitting the foregoing petition, to the Committee on the tions from the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the Tice meter Judiciary. be refunded, said meter having proved inaccurate and worthless, to the Committee on Appropriations. By :Mr. BASS : The petition of Louisa R. Ketchum, widow of Wil­ liam F. Ketchum, for the extension of letters-patent for improvements IN SENATE. in grass and grain harvesters, to the Committee on Patents. By Mr. BLAINE: The memorial of Matilda Hindman, in behalf of FRIDAY, February 27, 1874. the Woman Suffrage Association of the State of Pennsylvania, in re­ lation to a bill pending in Congress to aid in the execution of the Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON SUNDERLAND, D. D. laws of the Territory of Utah, and remonstrating against the disfran­ The Journal of yesterday's proceed.i]J.gs was read and approved. chisement of women in that Territory, to the Committee on the Ju­ PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. diciary. The PRESIDENT pro tempore presented the petition of William .Also, charges and specifications against William Story, judge of the Furness, praying that the proceeds of certain property confiscated by United States district court for the western district of Arkansas, sub­ the so-called Confederate State , and afterward captured by the Army mitted by James S. Robinson, of Fort Smith, Arkansas, and by Ben. of the United States, and sold by order of the Secretary of War, be T. DuVol, James S. Gage, and others, practicin~ attorneys at Fort paid to him; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. Smith, Arkansas, to the Committee on the Judimary. :Mr. SCOTT. I present the memorial of Jacob E. Weister and 103 By Mr. D.A.VIS, of Virginia: The petition of tobacco manufacturers other workingmen of the city of Phih~elphia, prote.liting against any and dealers of the State of Virginia, for the abolition of the import increase of taxation, and praying for the repeal'· ~ Uw sMond section duty on mass or stick licorice, to the Committee on Ways and Means. of the act of June 6, 18'12, which made a reduction of 10 per cent. in By Mr. ELKINS: The memorial of the wardens and vestrymen of cert.ain duties on manufactured cottons, woolens, &c.; also, a similar Saint Thomas Parish, Santa Fe, New Mexico, praying for the grant petition from J. S. Bradley and 62 other citizens of Jewett, in the of a lot of land in the military reeervation at Fort Maroy, for the State of Illinois; a similar petition from C. H. Baker a,nd 60 otJ:J.er erection of church and school buildings, to the Committee on the citizens of Wyandotte, in the State of Michigan; and a memorial from Public Lands. A. L. Porter and 41 other citizens of Henderson County, Illinois, to the By Mr. FREEMAN: The petition of Dr. Holmes Sells, for relief, to same purport. I move their reference to the Committee on Finance. the Committee on War Claims. The motion WM agreed to. By Mr.' GARFIELD: The petition of Andrew J. Herron, of Paines­ Mr. PRATT presentedJL memorial of the governors of the States of ville, Ohio, for correction of his military record, to the Committee on Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois, asking for the payment to their States Military Affairs. respectively of the amount of what is known as the 2 per cent. land By Mr. HAVENS : Several petitions of citi~ens of Missouri, for the fund, due them from the United States; which was referred to the passage of an act legalizing certain homestead entries, to the Commit­ Committee on Public Lands, and ordered to be printed. tee on the Public Lands. 1\Ir. SHERMAN presented the petition of N. F. Hi:llchcook ~n d other By Mr. MAYNARD: The petition of citizens of Monroe County, citizc:us of Junction City, Perry County, Ohio, -praying for the appoint- 115 •

1826 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

ment of a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traf­ The Chief Clerk read as follows : fic, its relations to pauperism, crime, the public health, and general The Senate Finance Committee and the contmctionisU! and specie-resumption­ welfare; which was ordered to lie on the table. ists were badly beaten in the Senate to-day by the adoption of Mr. MERRIMON'a Mr. HAMLIN. I present the memorial of Moses Googins, who rep­ amendment instructing the committee to report a bill increasing the national-bank circulation $46,000,000, making it $400,000,000 in all. The vote stood 28 to 25. Five resents that his son, Andrew A. Googins, enlisted in the Army'during Senators were absent and the remainder not voting were paired. Of the :five ab­ the late war; that he was captured at the battle of the Wilderne s, sentees three are in favor of more currency and woUld have voted for the amend­ was incarcerated in a rebel prison, and there died. He, as the sole ment, and two against it. This would still ~ve the friends of more currency a heir of his son, has been unable to prove definitely the death; and majority of four or :five. Senator COT!' who 18 a member of the Finance Commit-­ tee, voted with the contractionists, whlie Senator CAMERON voted for the amend­ he therefore asks that such provision of law may be passed aa will ment. Senator ScoTr is in favor of resuming specie payments, and he thinks the enable him to draw such sum a-s the son would be entitled to if he way to do it is to keep down the volume of currency. His theory about specie pay­ were alive. I move that the petition be referred to the Committee ments is that, could this be reached, the rate of wages would be reduced, and we on Military Affairs. would tJlen be in a better condition to compete with Europe. The motion was agreed to. 1\fr. SCOTT. Mr. Pre ident, both these extracts reached me this Mr. BUCKINGHAM. I present the memorial of Thomas Belknap morning in le-tters from numerous portions of the State of Pennsyl­ and 16 other citizens of Hartford, Connecticut, praying Congress to vania, from those whom I consider my friends, and who advise me take into consideration and make provision for the payment of losses that, however averse my private feelings may be to a personal explan­ sustained by_armed vessels of France prior to 1 01, or to restore them ation, it is my duty to the State to correct whatever may be false in to their claims and their remedy against France. I take this occasion these extracts. The paper which is given as the original authority to say that I hope the Committee on Foreign Relations will urge that for the extract in the Lebanon Courier claims to be respectable. The bill forward at an early day, and that the Senate will take it up, so Lebanon Courier, so far as I am aware of its character, is a respect­ that justice ma.y be done to these sufferers. I move that the memorial able newspaper circulating in the interior of Pennsylvania. This lie on the table, as the bill has been reported. announcement appeared originally in a newspaper claiming, as I have The motion was agreed to. said, to be respectable, and the tone is such as to carry the idea that it speaks for me, and states my opinion and my theories by authority. DUTIES ON FRUITS AND FRUIT-PLANTS. It is again quoted and referred to in a paper in the interior of my Mr. SHERMAN. I am instructed by the Committee on Finance, State. So long as this has been confined to misrepresentation and to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 2191) in relation to the cus­ fabrication chiefly of a personal character, I have declined to notico toms duties on imported fruits, to report it back without amendment. them. So repeatedly has this been the case that I can come to no The purpose of this bill is simply to correct or suspend for the time other conclusion than that the reporter of the Philadelphia Press is the trouble that has arisen growing out of the insertion of the comma under the orders of his superior systematically to misrepresent and after the word" fruit" in the law. The Senate is rather thin now. defame me. When I have striven for and secured appropriations in I should like to have the bill passed to-day, but I do not-wish to put which the city of Philadelphia was largely interested, I have been it on its passage when so few Senators are present. represented as neglecting her interests. When I advocated the ex­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair will suggest that the pulsion of the Senator from Kansas, (Mr. Caldwell,) for rea-sons seem­ Senator from Ohio had better withhold the report for the present, and ing to me to demand it, I wa represented as defending him. When make it subsequently. the books of the Secretary of the Senate showed that I bad not drawn Mr. SHERMAN. Very well; I will withhold it for the present. the back pay authorized by the law of the last Congress, his dispatches SIGNING OF WAR DEPARTMENT REQUISITIONS. repre ented that I had drawn it. I might refer to a more recent article in this same newspaper affect­ Mr. SHERMAN. I am also directed by the Committee on Finance, ing a question in which Philadelphia and the State of Pennsylvania to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1284) authorizing the chief are largely interested, and in which it is complained that both the clerk of the War Department to sign requisitions on the Trea:mry Senators from Pennsylvania have failed to force upon the Senate a during the temporary absence of the Secretary of War, to report it measure which it was their duty to bring before it, or have been back without amendment. The bill is strongly recommended by the wardly in advocating it. I forbear, however, to notice that, only Secretary of War, and its nece sity is apparent; and I ask that it be referring to it that the Senate may bear witness a-s to whether either put on its passage. of the Senators from Pennsylvania ha been derelict in his duty or The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be read for information, cowardly in maintaining the intere ts of the State. Both of thorn, subject to objection. I trust, have too much respect for themselves and their associates to The Chief Clerk read the bill. It provides that when, from illnes suppose that they could or would consent to force any bill upon the or other cause, the Secretary ~f War is temporarily absent from the Senate. War Department, he may authorize the chief clerk of the Depart­ When falsehoods are published as my opinions upon public ques­ ment to sign requisitions upon the Treasury Department, and other tions, in which the people of my State are largely interested, a if papers requiring the signatures of the Secretary; the same, when uttered by me, my duty to them, they say, requires that· I avail my­ signed by the chief clerk during such temporary a_bience, to be of self of the_only means left me of meetin~ and refuting such an the same force and effect as if signed by the Secretary of War him­ a umption. The reporter of the Philadelphia Press had no authority self. to write any such opinion or theory. I hold no intercourse with him. Mr. WRIGHT. I desire to say that I shall not interpose any objec­ I have not hesitated to announce my belief that specie payments tion to this bill, as I appreciate the importance of disposing of it at could not be resumed in the near future, and coulu not be maintained once; but I give notice that I shall object to any interference with under all circumstances. I favor free banking upon United States the morning business hereafter, so that we may get to _the Calendar. notes issued through the banks, based upon a bond bearing a lowor There being no objection, the bill was considered as in Committee rate of interest than those upon which the present national-bank cur­ of the Whole. rency is issued, and redeemable primarily by the banks, and ultimately The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to by the Government, either in coin or in interest-bearing bonds. If ·I a third reading, read the third time, and pas ed. cannot secure that, I will favor the best system of free banking that can be secured by modifications of the present national-bank laws, PERSONAL EXPLANATIONS. incorporating among them some provision for the redemption of these Mr. SCOTT. I ask consent of the Senate to make a very brief per- notes. sonal explanation. , To a paper currency unlimited in amount and irredeemable in any­ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Pennsylvania thing more valuable than itself when it falls below par I am oppo ed, asks consent to make a personal explanation. Is there objection Y believing it to be injurious to the permanent and best interests of all The Chair hears none. clas es of society ; and these opinions I have not hesitated to express Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I send to the Chair, and ask to have upou the floor of the Senate, although the condition of my throat, in read, a very brief extra-ct from a paper, called the Lebanon Courier, consequence of a bronchial disease, has been such that I have refrained published at Lebanon, Pennsylvania. from speaking at length upon this and many other questions that I The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be read if there be no objec­ desired to have spoken upon. But upon this very subject, upon the tion. The Chair hears none. very day on which this dispatch was sent from the city of WashinO'­ The Chief Clerk read a-s follows: ton to the Philadelphia Press, in answer·to a suggestion of my col­ But our other Senator, Hon. J'OHN ScoTr, I am sorry to stnte, took sides with the league, I said upon the floor of the Senate, and it is so reporteu in the controotionists, giving as a. reason (if correctly reported) that he believed it to be RECORD: • the only means of bringing about a resumption of specie payment, and that it would Now, on the subject of specie payments, while I do not wish to be diverted for tend to reduce wages so as to enable onr manufacturers to compete successfully the pnrpo e of discussing that question, my colleague equally misapprehends my with those of foretgn countries. This means, in plain English, exactJ.y what Mr. position. I am not only not in favor of the immediate resumption of specie pay­ Kn.LINGER says, to reduce our producing classes to a level with the pauper labor of menU!, but I do not think it possible for us to resume specie payments immedi­ . Europe. ately, nor at any time in the very near future. He and I, I think, agree on that Mr. SCOTT. That article refers to a report, and says that I occu­ subject. I go further, and say that after we have resumed, it is not possible that pied a certain position, "if correctly reported." For the purpose of we should keep up that resumption during all time, and especially during panics. showing the 9rigin of the report I send to the Chair also an article, . The closing inference of this dispatch, which is put as if it were a very brief extract from which1 I have marked, contained in the my declaration, is that I favor this policy because I desire to reduce Philadelphia Press of February 21, 1874, and ask to have it read. the wages of labor here to a level with that of the pauper labor of . The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It will be read if there be uo objec­ Europe. That is it in substance. Now, sir, if there be any Senator tion. upon this :floor who is open to the charge of advocating a policy 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1827

which, instead of diminishing, will increaBe the wages of labor, I has been commented upon in both Houses in regard to the punctu­ think I am open to that charge, ::md it can be sustained by numerous ation of a law that aft'gcts the revenue of the country daily. We quotations from my speeches when the tariff and revenue bills have report one amendment to the bill. been under discussion, to none of which will I delay in referring -By unanimous consent the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, here; but I condensed my whole opinions upon that question, in proceeded to consider the bill, which direct the Secretary of the speaking upon that subject, into the declaration that I believed that Treasury to suspend the repayment of all duties heretofore paid on the policy which I was then advocating would keep up the wages of imported fruits until further legislation by Congress authorizing the labor, and that that policy would make labor contented and capital same, or until the final decision of the Supreme Court. secure. I have never entertained or uttered such a sentiment about The amendment of the Committee on Finance was to add to the the wages of labor as that reported in the Press and quoted in the bill the following words: Courier. It is a fabrication and a falsehood. Except in ca es where suits in court have been discontinued by instructions of Now, Mr. President, with the proprietor of the paper which :fin!t the Secretary of the Treasury; and the error in the punctuation of the clause r elat­ gave currency to this falsehood, or with the instrument he uses to ing to fruit-plants, in the fust section of the act approved June 6, 1872, entitled ".An act to reduce duties on imports and to reduce internal taxes, and for other pur­ furnish such materials for his columns,· I can have no controversy. I poses, " of inserting a comma instead of a hyphen after the word "fruit " is hereby have referred to instances of misrepresentation which have been, per­ corrected; and said clause shall read as follows : "Frnit-plants, tropical and semi­ haps, intended to affect me both personally and in my public charac­ tropicaJ., for the purpose of propagation or cultivation." ter, but not for the purpo e of entering into any personal controversy. The amendment was agreed to. I depart, in this instance, from the rule of my life, to live down slander The l>ill wa-s reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend­ instead of noticing it, because my constituents have demanded it of ment was concurred in. me as a public duty. It is only in response to their demand that I The amendment wa-s ordered to be engrossed, and the bill to be read rise for the purpose of saying to this constituency, who thus consider the third time. it my duty to notice this unauthorized fabrication of my opinions The bill wa.'3 read the third time, and passed. upon a public question, that neither my opinion upon public questions, nor my conduct in the Senate upon any question, is likely to be either SAN FRANCISCO . MINT. correctly or fairly reported in the dispatches of a paper represented Mr. SARGENT. The Committee on Appropriations, to whom wa.s here, with the knowledge of its proprietor, by one who, when speak­ referred the bill(H. R. No. 2201) to render available a certain unex­ ing of me, has been more frequently an eavesdropper and a libeler pended balance of appropriation, have had the same under considera­ than an impartial journalist. tion, and have instructed me to report it back without amendment, . Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. President, I think it my duty to call the at­ and to ask for its pre ent consideration. It is to make available a tention of the Senate to a most gross and scandalous calumny against certain unexpended balance appropriated for the construction of the a fellow-Senator; and the reason I do it is because I am referred to branch mint at San Francisco. as a witness. My attention has been called to the Detroit Free Press, By unanimous consent the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, pro­ a paper of great influence and of high standing, published at Detroit, . ceeded to consider the bill, which reappropriates and makes avail­ Michigan, jn which I find a special dispatch, dated Washington, Feb­ able the unexpended l.Jalance of the a.ppropriation for the construc­ ruary 20, which I will read: tion of t he United States branch-mint building at San Francisco, CHANDLER AT HIS OLD TRICKS.-The Michigan delegation in the House is very California, now remaining on the books of the Treasury Department savage against CHANDLER, who, they allege, h.aa seized upon all the patronage in the to the credit of the appropriation for that work, and unavailable State to further his interest as a candidate for re-election. The consequence is under the provisions of the fifth, sixth, and seventh sections of the they are letting out a good deal of matter damaging to the Senator. act of July 12, 1870. Now comes the point to which I wish to call the attention of the . The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered Senate: · to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. _ . Not a. week ago Senator SHERMAN, of Ohio, had to take CHANDLER out of the Sen­ GREEN BAY AND STURGEON BAY SHIP-CANAL. ate and put him to bed on a. lounge in the room of the Finance Committee in a state ()f beastly intoxication. When CHANDLER woke up he grossly insulted Mr. Reese, Mr. OGLESBY. I am instructed by the Committee on Public Lands, the clerk of the Finance Committee. to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 447) extending the time for Now, Mr. President, all I can say is that this is a total fabrication. the completion of the Green Bay and Sturgeon Bay and Lake Mich­ I never took Mr. CHANDLER out of the Senate; I never put him to bed igan Ship-Canal, in thf' State of Wi consin, to report it back without on a lounge in the room of the Finance Committee or anywhere else; amendment. The bill is a mere extension of time, which the House I never saw him in a state of beastly intoxication; and Mr. Reese, has passed, and the Committee on Public Lands have all agreed to it who is the quiet, modest, industrious clerk of that committee, tells me and recommend its passage. It will only take a moment, and I ask the whole story, so far as his name is mentioned, is an utter fabrica­ for its present consideration. • tion. If this were a matter in regard to myself, I would not allude to Mr. WRIGHT. I gave notice when the first bill was called up this it; but when I am referred to as a witness to prove so great a scandal morning that I should object to all bills being considered this morn­ against a fellow-Senator,! certainlymust disclaim it, whenlknow it in~. Some have been considered. Now, if there is no debate upon to be so utterly false. this bill, I shall not object to the vote being taken at once. By unanimous consent the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, PAPERS WITHDRAWN AND REFERRED. proceeded to consider the bill, which extends the time for the comple­ On motion of Mr. PRATT, it was tion of the Green Bay and Stur~~on Bay and Lak~ Michigan Ship­ OrtLered, That the papers in the case of Michael Fentenhime, claiming compen­ Canal to the lOth day of April, 11:576. sation for Morris Island, in the State of South Carolina, appropriated and used by The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered the military forces of the United States, be withdrawn from the files and referred to the Committee on Claims. to a third reading, read the third time, and passed. Mr. WRIGHT. I give notice now that I shall object to all other REPORTS OF COMMITI'EES. bills being considered. Mr. &ARGENT, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, to whom THOMAS HILLHOUSE. were referred the bill (S. No. 65) toauthorizethePresident to restore Mr. B.A. YARD. I am instructed by the Committee on Finance to George Henry Preble, now a captain in the Navy, to his original posi­ report back, without amendment, the. bill (H. R. No. 253) for the relief tion on the Navy Register, and promote him to the rank of commo­ of Thoma Hillhouse, a sistant trea urer of the UnitedRtates in New dore on the active list; and the bill (S. No. 31) for the relief of Cap­ York City, and to ask for its pre ent consideration. .A. report accom­ tain Louis C. Sartori, of the Navy; and the memorial of Commander panies the bill,·which may be read if desired. Probably it had better R. F. R. Lewis, United States Navy, praying restoration to his orig­ l.Je printed. . inal position on the Navy list, submitted an adverse report; which The report wa,o:; ordered to be printed. was ordered to be printed, and the bills were postponed indefinitely, By unanimous con ent the Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, and the committee was discharged from the further consideration of proceeded to con ider the bill, which proposes to direct the proper the memorial. a-ccounting officers to allow Thomas Hillhouse, assistant treasurer of Mr. .ANTHONY, from the Committee on Printing, to .whom was the United States at New York City, in the settlement of his inter-­ 1·eferred a motion to print a communication of the Secretary of the nal-revenue stamp account, a credit for the sum of 185,000, being the Interior, communicating, in answer to a resolution of the Senate, in­ proceeds of sale of ~ternal-revenue stamps ·embezzled by James I. formation touching the Chippewa tribe of Indians, reported in favor John on, a clerk in his office, without the default or negligence of of the motion ; and it was agreed to. the assistant treasurer. Mr. SPRAGUE, from the Committee on Public Lands, to whom The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment, ordered to was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1558) to amend the act entitled" .A.n a third reading, read the third time, and•passed. act to encourage the growth of timber on western prairies," reported it with amendments. CUSTOD~S OF PUBLIC MONEYS. DUTIES ON FRUITS AND FRUIT-PLANTS. Mr. B.A.Y.A.RD. I am instructed by the Committee on Finance to report the following resolution, and I ask for its pre ent consideration: Mr. SHERMAN. I now make the report of the bill in regard to Resolved, That the ·secretary of the Treasury be directed to inform the Senate fruita to which I referred. I am directed by the Committee on what, if any, additional legislation is required to prevent defalcation by officials Finance, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 2191) in relation receiving and disposing of "United State revenue stamps and public moneys, and to the customs duties on imported fruits, to report it back with an whether the persons havina actual custody of such stamps and moneys should not in amendment; and I should like to have the bill paBsed now, as the all cases be required to give'bond, with security, fortheproperexecutionof their duty_ Senate must see the importance of it. It is to correct the error that There olqtion was considered by lUlanimous consent and agreed to. 1828 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

BILLS INTRODUCED. Mr. THURMAN. Let that amendment be adopted, and then in­ Mr. FENTON. I am requested by General Paine, of this city, to sert in line 4, after the word " expenses," the words " not exceeding ask that the bill which I now submit, without previous notice, may be $10,000." received. · The PRESIDENT pro ternp(We. The question is on the amendment No objection being made, leave was granted to introduce a bill (S. of the Senator from Maine to the amendment of the Committee on No. 545) to incorporate the Oxygen Gas Company of tho District of Finance. Columbia; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the The amendment to the amendment wa-s agreed to. Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. Mr. THURMAN. Now I move to insert after the word "investiga- Mr. ~'ENTON (by request) asked, and by unanimous consent ob­ tion," in line~ the words ''not exceeding 10,000." tained, leave to introduce a. bill (S. No. 546) establishing certain post­ Mr. MORRiLL, of Maine. That will do. roads; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com- The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. mittee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. . The PRESIDENT pro temp(We. The Senator from New Jersey [Mr. Mr. WEST asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to in­ FRELINGHUYSEN] gave notice of an amendment to be offered at the troduce a bill (S. No. 547) for the relief of Clarissa Bishop, of New proper time. It will now be in order. Orleans, Louisiana; which was read twice by its title, and, with the lli. FRELINGHUYSEN. The amendment, I will state, comes from a-ccompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Claims. . some agent who is interested for the brewers of the country, whopay· a very large tax, and it has been submitted to a number of the mem­ REPORT OF SMITH:SONIAN INSTITUTION. bers of the committee, and I believe they think it perfects and does Mr. HAMLIN. I move to take up the resolution for the printing of not injure the bill. the Smithsonian report. I think it will detain the Senate but a mo­ The PRESIDENT pro terrp(We. The amendment will be read. ment. It was up the other morning. The CHIEF CLERK. The proposed amendment is in line 11 of the The motion was agreed to ; and the Senate proceeded to consider first section of the amendment reported by the Committee on Finance, the resolution submitted on the 13th instant by Mr. HAMLIN, and which to insert after the word "alcoholic" the words "and fermented;" and the Committee on Printing proposed to amend so as to make it read : after the word "traffic," in the same line, to insert "distinguishing as Resolved, (the House of Representatives concurring,) Tha.t seven thousand five far as possible, in the conclusions they arrive at, between the effects linndred additional copies of the re:port of the Smithsonian Institution for the year produced by the use of distilled or spirituous, as distinguished from 1873 be printed, five hundred of which shall be for the use of the Senate, one tliou­ the use of fermented and malt liquors;" so as to read: sand for the use of the Honse, and six thousand for the use of the Institution: Pro­ vided, That the aggregate number of tages of said report shall not exceed four It shall be their duty to investigate the alcoholic and fermented liquor traffic distinguishing as far as possible, in tlie conclusions they a.rri ve at, between the effectS r::t:tth~~~~~~~there shall e no illustrations except those furnished by produced by the use of distilled or spirituous, as distinguished from the use of fer­ mented or malt liquors, in its economic, criminal, moral, and scientific aspects, &c. Mr. HAMLIN. My colleague interposed some objection to the reso­ lution becaUBe there were five hundred copies provided for in it for Mr. THURMAN. It is not my purpose to make a speech on this bill, but I cannot help saying that, in my judgment, this commission, the Senate and a thousand for the House. I have conferred with my if appointed, will be productive of no earthly good. I have pre­ colleague, and I have also conferred with the Senator who reported the resolution, and with their concurrence I move now to strike out sented petitions asking for the appointment of such a commission, the whole number appropriated to both the Senate and House. That and I am as much opposed to intemper~nce as any man can possibly Will be my first motion. I shall follow that with another motion to be, and yet I do believe that the result of this commission, if it be appointed, will not add one particle to the light that 1re already have increasethenumbertothe Smithsonian Institution by fifteen hundTed, upon the subject-matter to be investigated. which is just the number stricken out. That takes away entirely the In the first place, let us see who will compose this commission. objection to printing any copies for our own distribution. I transfer· There is something a little curions about that. The bill is that there that number to the Institution for this Teason: I take it every Sen­ shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and con­ ator, like myself, has supplied the principal libraries of his State for sent of the Senate, a commission of fi...-e persons, neither of whom years with this work. They will want it and they will cease to call shall be the holder of any office of profit or trust in the General or a upon UB, but they will call upon theinstitution for it, and that num­ State government. What is the reason of that exclusion Y I really berwhich was proposed for the Senate and for the House will be trans­ do not know, and am totally at a loss to conceive. Why it is that a ferred there, and there they will find them. person holding an office under the Federal or a State government is not I want ~o say also, in this connection, that by an exchange of this qualified to inquire into the results of the traffic in ardent spirits, or very work with foreign societies and foreign governments, we add to in malt or vinous liquor, is-past my comprehension. But that prohibi­ our Congressional Library works of value, amounting to between two tion perhaps is to prevent a multiplicity of offices. The usual objec­ and three thousand volumes annually. tion to a multiplicity of offices is that that doubles salaries; but hero The PRESIDENT pro temp(We. The resolution will be read as pro­ no saJ.ary is to be paid, so that I am totally at a loss to know why it posed to be amended. is that all the officers down to a justice of the pea~ in the States, The CHIEF CLERIC If amended as propo ed by the Senator from and all the officers of the FederaJ. Government , however competent Maine, the resolution will read : they mi~ht otherwise be, are t o be excluued from this commission. Resolved, (the House of Representatives concuTring,) That seven thousand five hundred additional copies of the-report of the Smithsonian Institution for the year That 18 the :fi.rst thing. Then comes : "The said commissioners 1873 be printed for the use of the Institution: PTovided, That the aggregate num­ shall be selected solely with reference to personal :fitness and capac­ ber of pages of said report shall not exceed four hundred and fifty, and that there ity for an hone t, impartial, and thorough investigation, and shall shall be no illustrations except those furnished by the Smithsonian Institution. hold office until their duties shall be accomplished, put not to exceed 'l'he amendment was agreed to. · one year." And then the second section provides that they" shall The resolution, as amended, was agreed to. serve without saJ.ary," and their jurisdiction extends over the entir territory of the United States; their inquiries may be anywhere and LIQUOR TRAFFIC COMMISSION. eveTywhere, employing a secretary at a compensation of 2,000 a year. The PRESIDENT pro temp(We. If there be no further morning Provision is made for the payment of their necessary expenses, but business the Secretary will report the Calendar. the commissioners themselves are to erve without any salary. Now, Mr. CAMERON. I rise to ask the President of the Senate whether Mr. Pre ident, do we not know what kind of commission~rs will be the centennial bill does not now come up in order Y appointed' What :five gentlemen are there who will be found to The PRESIDENT pro temp(We. Not until one o'clock, unless by a serve on this commission, and perform all this duty which is required vote of the Senate. The Secretary will report the first bill on the of them, except tho e whose convictions of the evQ.s of the traffic in Calendar. spirits are so great that they are willing to devote their time and their The first bill on the Calendar was the bill (S. No. 161) to provide means to this investigation, or who will be supported or receive some for the appointment of a commission on t he subject of the alcoholic compen ation while thus devoting their time to it from some of the liquor traffic, the pending question being on the amendment of Mr. various temperance organiz&tions of the country! MORRILL, of Maine, to the amendment of the Committee on Finance, Why, .Mr. President, you might just as well put in this bill at once in section 2, line 81 to strike out the words ''the amount necessary," thattheofficersofthenationaJ.temperancesocietiesshallconstitutethis and insert "for this purpose the sum of 10,000." commission; for nobody but some very ardent temperance man, some Mr. THURMAN. I wish the attention of the Senator from Maine one who believes that legislation ought to be provided perhaps of t.he for a moment. That amendment will not limit the expenditure to most stringent kind in reference to this traffic will ser:ve on this uncom $10,000. It only limits the present appropriation to 10,000. The pensated commis ion, and incur all the labor and all the fi}xpenditure preceding part of the bill contains a distinct enactment that all the of time that will be required to do what this bill pt>I;~Jtemplates shall expenses shall be paid. I suggest, therefore, to the Senator from be done-that is, to make an honest, impartial, and ~hol,'ough inve('­ · Maine, that if he wants to limit the expense to $10,000 he must move tigation. Therefore, I say that we shall get not. one particle of.~ an amendment in the preceding part of the bill. His amendment can that we have not already, for the very same gentlemen who will com­ be acted upon and adopted, and then another amendment cau be pose this cornmis ion are the men whoforyeairs have oeen with great inserted. industry laying before their countrymen the evils that result nom The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the amendment the traffic in intoxicating liquors, and they can do nothing more than of the Senator from Maine to the amendment of the Committee on compile their old reports or gather here and there some other infor.:. Finance. mation upon the sub,ject, not new in its character at all, not in the Mr. MORRILL, of Mairu~ What is ihe suggestion of the Senator slighte t degree difrerent from that which baa abea.dy been laid from Ohiof before the country. 1874. ·coNGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1829

That being the case, as there is nothing in this bill that will bring ing,hour having expired, the Senate resumes the consideration of t he before us one single foot, on~ single thought, one single suggestion unfinished business, which is the bill known as the centennial bill. which is not already familiar to everybody who has looked into this Mr. WRIGHT. I appeal to the Senator from Pennsylvania to let subject, the sole object of this bill must be by presenting here in Con­ us take a vote on this bill and get it out of the way, unless some gress, through a commission created by Congress, statl.Stics on this Senator is disposed to debate it further. I should like to do so myself, subject, to invoke the interf~rence of the General Government in a but I will waive it and ask for a vote. matter which heretofore has been considered by all parties to belong Mr. CAMERON. If a vote can be taken without debate I will not to the several States so far as the States themselves were concerned interfere with it. · within the territory of the States, and not to the General Government. The PRESIDENT P'I'O tempm·e. If there be no objection, the pend- Of course we might legislate in respect to these matters in the 'Ter­ ing order will be laid aside informally. . ritories and in the District of Columbia, and we might, properly Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I do not desire to debate this bill, but enough, or lawfully enough, or constitutionally enough, gather infor­ to propose a single verbal amendment. On line 11, of section 1, I mation upon the subject, in order to enable us tq legislate in the Ter­ move to strike out ''alcoholic," and insert "manufacture;" so as to ritories or in the District of Columbia; but is there a man on this floor read: who needs any of this information in order to tell him what laws it It shall be their duty to investigate the manufacture of, and traffic in, ardent would be well to pass on this subject, if any, either in the District of spirits. Columbia or in the Territories of the United States Y I venture to The PRESIDENT p1·o te1npore. There is an amendment now pend­ say not one; and therefore, although I repeat there is no man who ing of the Senator from New Jersey, [Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN,] which deplores intemperance more than I do, there is no man who is, accord­ the Secretary will report. ing to the best of his judgment, a better friend of temperance than I The CHIEF CLERK. The pending amendment to the first section is am, yet I do not like this bill, which is nothing but an entering-wedge to insert the words "and fermented," after the word "alcoholic;" so as to legislation by Congress which Congress ought not to indulge in at to read," to investigate the alcoholic and fermented liquor traffic," &c. all, and which belongs to the several States; a bill to provide for a Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I have no objection to that. Let that commission, the result of whose inquiries, I venture to say, and to be adopt.ed. say it with a good deal of confidence, will shed not one ray of light The PRESIDENT p1·o tempm·e. The question is on this amendment on this ques_tion that has not been shed before. . to the amendment. Mr. President, people have become jntoxicated as far back as his­ The amendment '5o the amendment was agreed to. tory teaches us. The first signal event after the flood was t h at the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. There is another branch of the great man who was saved from the wrath of the Almighty planted a amendment of the Senator from New Jersey still pending, to insert vineyard and unfortunately got drunk ; and from that time to this after the word "traffic" the words, "distinguishing as far as possible, men have suffered from the evils of intemperance; and it requires no in the conclusions they arrive at, between the effects produced by the commission in the middle of the nineteenth century, or the last quar­ use of distilled or spirituous, a-s distinguished from the use of fer­ ter of the nineteenth century, to tell the American people, or any mented or malt liquors." people, what are the deplorable evils that result from the excessive The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. use of ardent spirits. No, sir; it cannot be for the purpose of acquir­ Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. I now move to strike out "alcoholic" ing knowledge that this commission is asked for. It is for the pur­ and ta insert "manufacture." pose of laying a foundation for Congress to assume a jurisdiction that Mr. WRIGHT. Let me suggest to the Senatorfrom Maine whether belongs to the States, and that cannot be exercised by Congress with­ he will not reach his object if he says "alcoholic liquor traffic and out a violation of the rights of the States, and without, in my humble manufacture." judgment, detriment to the very cause which these petitioners have Mr. MORRILL, of Maine. That will be the same thing. That so ardently and sincerely at heart. · language is preferable. I move t hat amendment to the amendment. Mr. FERRY, of Connecticut. Mr. President, when this bill was The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. before the Senate on a former occasion I suggested that I should be The PRESIDENT pro tempore. There is a still further amendment unable to vote for it, ~pon the sole ground that the object of its in­ offered by the Senator from New Jersey; which will be read. troduction here was to lay the foundation of legislation by Congress The CHIEF CLERK. The proposed amendment is at the end of the in·reference to the liquor traffic in the States. I expressed no opinion first section of the committee's amendment, to insert: whatever upon the propriety of prohibitory legislation by the States themselves within their own jurisdiction. The only opinion that I And the effect produced by such legislation upon the consumption of distilled or expressed was that such legislation by Congress would be a violation spirituous liquors and of fermented or malt liquors. · of the Constitution, and that this bill was an entering-wedge in that The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. direction; and for saying ·t hat, a prohibitory convention in my own Mr. BAYARD. I move to amend by inserting in line 11 of the first State has since decorated me with its censure ; the fact alone demon­ section of the committee's amendment, after the words "traffic and strating that what I said wa-s true, that the object of the introduction manufacture," the words, "having especial reference to revenue and of the bill was to lay the foundation of legislation which I b~lieve taxation." every Senator on this floor will agree would be unconstitutional. The PRESIDENT pro tempm·e. The question is on the amendment Now, sir, under such circumstances, however I might feel as to the of the Senator from Delaware to the amendment of the committee. expediency of prohibitory legislation by the States themselves, I The amendment to the amendment was agreed to. could not, consistently with my well-known views upon the subject Mr. BAYARD. I move further to amend by inserting at the end of extending the power of the Federal Government over the States of the first s~ction of the committee's amendment as amended the and State internal police beyond its constitutional functions, assent · following : to the passage of such a bill as this. The bill is founded .upon peti­ tions which ask for this investigation, expressly, as they say, for the And also ascertain whether the evil of drunkenness ha~ been decreased or increa~ed thereby; whether the use of opium as a stimumnt and substitute for purpose of laying the foundatiOn of such legislation, and the bill alcoholic drinks haa become more general in consequence of such legislation; after the information has been gathered as to the effect of prohibit­ and whether public morals have been improved or hypocrisy and dissembling ory legislation in the several States, requires the commissioners to encouraged th&eby. It shall also be the duty of said COID.IIllSSioners to gather information and take testimony aa to whether the evil of drunkenness exists to report the results of their investigation to the President for·the pur- the same extent or more so in other civilized countries, and whether those foreign pose of being transmitted to Congress. · nations that are considered the most temperate in the use of stimulants are so Now, sir, I do sympathize with these petitioners. I do not think through prohibitory laws, and also to what degree prohibito:r:-y legislation has that any man with a clear intellect and with a heart in his bosom afected the consumption and manufacture of malt and spirituous liquors in this can consider the sweeping flood of intemperance that is pouring over country. this land, carrying devastation and ruin before it everywhere, with­ Mr. WRIGHT. I trust that it will be voted down. out wisliing that some method could be devised which would be The PRESIDENT p1·o tempCYre. The question is on the amendment sufficient to stay its desolating course; but at the same time to at­ of the Senator from Delaware to t.he amendment. tempt to accomplish eveu this most beneficent result by methods The question being put, a division wa~ called for. destructive of the fundamental principles of our federative system, Mr. BAYARD. Before the question is decided, I should like to ask to lay that system, or help to lay that system, in ruins, in times like whether it is now plainly proposed to examine·one side of this ques­ these, is something which I cannot bring myself to do. All the efforts tion, and not all. If it is intended to procure statistics to be of any which ha.ve been made since the close of the war to extend the legis­ value, to be of any authority, the commisbioners must tell the whole lative jurisdiction of Congress have 'been begun by commissions of in­ truth. A half truth has been well said to be worse than a whole lie. quiry in relation to matters always supposed to belong properly to the Now if you have statistics in regard to any question prep ed, so a-s to States, until within the la-st few years; and, believing that all we enjoy state the facts only with reference to one side of that question, you under this blessed Government of ours is at lastowingto our federative will have a half ~ruth, which will be worse than a whole falsehood. system, which protects the citizen primarily by the exercise of the Why should gentlemen object to the entire truth on a question so im­ functions of local self-government by the States, I am unwilling to portant as this' There is no man in this Chamber who believes it to do anything ~hich shall assist the tendency of the present time to be more important than I do; there is no.man who can be more inter­ increase Federal jurisdiction at the expense of the proper functions ested on this question than I am; but when we have light shed on it, of the States. Now_z as before, I express no opinion whatever upon why shut out any light from any quarter, or from any state of facts 'I the expediency of l:State laws prohibiting the traffic in intoxicating Do gentlemen who favor the bill fear the result of the answer to such liquors for the purpose of suppressing intemperance. inquiries as I have named Y Are they of the belief that abstinence The PRESIDENT pro tempore. TheSenatorwillsuspend. The morn- from alcoholic stimulus forms the sole virt'lle of the world t Are thev 1830 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

disposed to shut out the fair balance of facts in regard to a subject so AMENDMENT TO AN APPROPRIATION BILL. important as this Y • I stated yesterday my reasons for opposing this whole commission, Mr. WEST submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by upon no less ground than wa,s well stated by the honorable Senator him to the bill (H. R. No. 1009) making appropriations for the sup­ from Connecticut [Mr. FERRY,] who addressed the Senate a few port of the Army for the fiscal year ending June_30, 1875, ~?- for other purposes; which was !eferred to the Committee on Military minutes since, tha't if the commission, and if tb?-s me~-sure does not absolutely propose legislation of Congress on this subJect, It1 looks to Affairs, and ordered to be prmted. · it and it can have no other pretext than subsequent action by Con­ MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE. g~ess when these statistics shall have been returned to us: If w~ are to have any information, let us have it all, and not have It o!le-sided A message from the House of Representatives, by Mr. McPHERSON, · to suit the views of one class of people, and those who consider but its Clerk, announced that the House h!:!-d passed the following bills; one side of the subject. in which the concurrence of the Senate was requested : (H. Mr. BUCKINGHAM. I hope the amendment will not be a:dopt~d. A bill R. No. 2-213) granting a pension to Mrs. Cynthia McPher­ The proposition is, as I under~tand it, ~o inqiD:e how far certam leg~s­ son mother of the late General James B. McPherson ; lation has encouraged hypocnsy and dissembling, and t? have a _report Abill (H. R. No. 220 ) authorizing the President to reinstate George as to that fa-ct made to this body. It seems to me that if there IS any­ M. Book on the active list of the Navy; · A bill (H. R. No. 2-209) granting a pension to f.ouisa H. Canby, thinu0 outside of the jurisdiction of this body, it is the very inquiry here proposed. I do not know why you should not make inquiry widow of the late General E. R. S. Canby; whether the creation of an office, and the appointment of an officer to A bill (H. R. No. 2212) granting a pension to Mrs. Margaret S. fill that office, is not a cause of dissembling. I do not believe that is Meade, widow of Major-General George G. Meade; the kind of logic that should be employed here. I hope the amend- A bill (H. R. No. 64) re toring ~he pension of Fr!l'nces C. Elliott, ment will not be adopted. - widow of Commodore Jesse D. Elliott, late of the UmtedStatesNavy; Mr. WRIGHT. I trust we shall have a vote now, Mr. President. A bill (H. R. No. 519) to grant an American register to the Canadian Mr. CONKLING. I should like to hear the amendment read. tug Noah P. Sprague; and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The amendment to the amendment A bill (H. R. No. 2206) to grant an American register to the bark will again be reported. .A.zor. The Chief Clerk read the amendment of Mr. BAYARD. CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. Mr. SHERMAN. I suggest to the Senator from Delaware that he The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the consider­ strike out that clause which seems to impugn the motives of those ation of the bill (H. R. No. 1394) in relation to the centennial exhibi­ who have charge of this movement, by insinuating that _they are tion. guilty of hypocrisy, &c. It seems to me that language 18 rather The bill was reported to the Senate without amendment. offensive. Mr. CAMERON and Mr. SUMNER addressed the Chair. Mr. BAYARD. If Senators really consider that that is a rebuke of The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Pennsylvania. any kind, when it is_ a simple inquiry whe~her cer~ain legislation has Mr. CAMERON. I give way to the Senator from Massachusetts. caused it or not, be It so. In my own belief, I Will frankly say that I understand he is prepared with a speech. all this coercion in regard to individual ta-stes an?- habits ?-oes lead to Mr. SUMNER. No. secrecy and to a secret performance of tho e things which are not Mr. CAMERON. I always like to listen to him, and I will see what wTOng per se. But I am disposed to yield to. the wishes of ~e~ators, he has to say before I say anything in defense of the mea.sure . for I desire to make my amendment practicable. I am willing to .Mr . SIDINE~. I send to the Chair an amendment to strike out all strike out the words objected to if doing so will carry the rest of the after the enacting clause, and insert-- amendment. If we are to have this inquisition, if we are to have this The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The words proposed to be inserted commission, I desire simply that the report shall be a.s full as possible, will be read. and shall not be one-sided or relate simply to one class of facts. I am The Chief Clerk read a.s follows : a disbeliever entirely in this system of coercive legislation. The That the celebration of the one hundredth anniversary of the Declaration of Inde­ experience of my life has made me so. I believe that the more open, pendence should be national in character, so as fitly to commemorate the beginning the more candid, the more above-board a man and a people can be, the of the American Republic ; and that its further conduct should be left in the bands better chance is thei·e for you to rectify their eiTors and their ~st~ke . of the commissioners appointed under the act of Congress approved March 3, 1871, subject to the condition expressly set forth in such act, ''that the United States I think if men can but be encouraged to an open avowal of their VIews, shaii not be liable for any expense attending such exhibition or by reason of the if there can be but candid statements by a man to his fellows, there is a same." chance to reconcile disagreement, and there is a chance to bring a bont Mr. SUMNER. I am often struck by the vicissitudes of business reform in many matters. and debate in this Chamber. For weeks the Senate has been engaged Mr. CONKLING. Will t he Senator allow me to make a sugges­ in considering the financial condition of the country, where, amidst tion¥ great divergence of opinion, all have been anxious to help the Treas­ :Mr. BAYARD. Certainly. ury. And now, leavin~ this subj ect unfinished, a bill is interjected, Mr. CONKLING. I have been looking at the amendment, and I whose practical object 1s to commit Congress to a s~~eme whir:h ~ suggest to him that dropping four words, or perhaps five, will not cost millions of money. I cannot err when I say millions. This Will change the aubstance or sense at all. appear in the brief explanation which I now make. Mr. BAYARD. The Senator refers to the words about dissimula- Certain gentlemen in Philadelphia, to whom I refer with respect, tion and hypocrisy. conceived some time ago the idea of commemorating in that city the Mr. CONKLING. I do. hundredth anniversary of American Independence. The idea was :Mr. BAYARD. I have no objection to striking them out. excellent, and the place selected was peculiarly proper; for in Phila­ Mr. CONKLING. They can be dropped without materially affect­ delphia sat the Continental Congress which put forth the great Dec­ ing the sense. laration. Mr. BAYARD. I have indicated my willingness to drop them out. Too much cannot be said in favor of thi& commemoration. The :Mr. SHERMAN. I desire to say but a word in regard to this mat­ 4th of July. 1776, in Philadelphia, witne sed not onl the beginning ter. I am in favor of the broadest possible inquiry; and I see no of the American Republic, but also tbe beginning of Republican objection to the whole of the amendment of the Senator from Dela­ Institutions on earth. Down to that date no Republic had existed ware, except that clause which seems to impute improper motives to founded on tbe two distinctive principles announced by our fathers, those who have supported this honest effort to prevent the aclrno~l­ that all men are equal in rights, a,nd that just government tands only edged evils of intemperance. I will vote for any amendment which on the consent of the governed; nor had any such Repub~c been will broaden this investigation and make it fair, and one that p~ople described by historian or philosopher. Greece and Rome, Veruce and will can rely on. I hope with that modification the amendment be Genoa, were Republics~ name only._ How feeble t~e specu~a_tions of adopted and this bill gotten out of the way. Sidney and of Monte qweu by the Side of the p~eclSe defh:;ntion fir~t Mr. SCOTT. This bill came from a committee of which I am a enunciated by our fathers ! Pardon me for calling attention to this member, and of course it would be my duty to endeavor to have it contrast. I do it, because I would not fail to impress upon you tho passed. I desire to have it passed; but it _is e~dent t:J;tat th? expe?­ peculiar grandeur of th~ anniver ary, marking, I rep_eat, not ?nlY_the tation of the Senator from Iowa to pass 1t Without discussiOn thl8 beginning of the Amencan Republic, but of Republican .J?stitutions if morning cannot be successful; and there is any further debate on on earth; marking one of th greatest epochs of h~an histo~y . it., I shall call for the regular order. In this statement I do not exaggerate. Only a sligbt acquamtauco Mr. WRI6-HT. I think we are just on tbe point of disposing of with the time shows that the day was so regarded by many con­ the bill, if the Senator from Pennsylvania will allow it to be done. temporaries, whose liberal pirit enabled them to discern historical Mr. SCOTT. If there can be an immediate vote, I do not object; events in the light of rea on. Of these I select John Adams, who e but if there is to be any further discussion, I shall call for the regu­ remarkable words, early and late, show rp.ore than tho e of any other lar order. perso~ the magnitude of the occasion .. Je~?rson, who stated the ~reat Mr. THURMAN. I want one minute. principles so well, wa a le s prophetic sp1r1t. Who does not thrill &t Mr. SCOTT. I call for the_ regular order. the words of John Adam , written at tbe time : Mr. THURMAN. When I say a "minuteis" I mean a minute. Mr. SCOTT. It will provoke somebody e e. yesterday the satest question was decided which ever was debated in America, and a greater, per s, never was nor will be decided. among m.en_ * * * I a~ The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Pennsylvania surprised at the sud enness as well as &'reatness of this revolutJ.on_ .. * "" It 1s calls for the regular order, which is the centennial bill. the will of Heaven that the two countnes should be sundered forever. 1874. CONGRESSiONAL RECORD. 1831

Then, as the toil and blood and treasure it will co t to maintain the liability, and tothrowit ab olntelyupon the commissioners underthe Declaration rise before him, the prophet exclaims : act. I remember well the passage of this bill, and I know what was Yet through all the gloom, I can see the ray of ravishing light and glory, and int-ended, for I drew the e words myself. They were meant to be that posterity will triumph in that day's transaction. notice to all concerned that the United States would assume no pecu­ In harmony with this inspired declaration was John Adam to the niary responsibility in the premises. end. In 1780 he foretold the spread of the English language so that Such was the beginning of this busines . But after awhile the com. it would be the language of the world, under impulse from America; memoration of American Independence and t-he national birthday, and in 1787 he foretold that our thirteen governments were" destined which so filled the soul of the elder Adams, was not enough for our to spread over the northern part of that whole quarter of the globe," commissioners, and t hey undertook to supplement the national cele­ being North America. At the same time he let drop other words, bration by. a.World's Fair. To my mind one of the eis enough for showing how the future of the Republic filled his sonl: any COJIIIDJ. s10n. The two together are too much. They are more than any commission ought to undertake. But this is a mild state­ A prospect into futurity in America.is like contemplating the heavens through tho telescope of HerscheL Objects stupendous in their magnitudes and motions strike ment. The two are essentially separate and distinct in character, us from all quarters and fill us with amazement.-Defense of American Oonstitu­ being inharmonious, inconsi tent, and incongruous. The two do not tion Works, vol. 6, p. 218. go together naturally, and yet they are to be put together. They will In the same spirit the same prophet wrote to Thomas Jefferson, be no better than twins botmd together by an unnatural ligament so November 15, 1813: as to be a constant burden to each other-of which those now on the table of the surgeons in Philadelphia are the unhappy prototype­ Many hundred years must roll away before we shall be corrupted. Our pure, virtuous, public-spirited, federative Republic, will last forever, govwn the globe, and each stunting and dwarfing the other. One is essentially national and introduce the perfection of ma.n.-Jefftrson's Oomplete Works, voL 6, p. 258. uome ·tic; the othe'r international and cosmopolitan. One is for the And yet, again, when life wa!'l still more advanced, and he wore the American people; the other for all people. One is to exalt Republi­ crown of years, he wrote to H. Niles, February 13, 1818 : can Institutions and advance their prede tined swav; the other is to The American Revolution was not a common event. Its effects and consequences court and win the monarchies of the Old World to appear at our great have already been awful over a. great part of the globe. .And when and where are banquet, and to swell its pomp. they to cease 1- Works, voL 10, p. 282. I see now the stately proces ion a it files into the historic Hall at The effects awful, and when and where are they to cease f In such the opening ceremonies. There is England, the workshop and count­ words this gieat prophet testified to the day we are about to celebrate. ing-house of the world, to whom we are bound by two great ties of I adduce these utterances to show how completely and severely relationship, blood and commerce; herQueenappearson the anniver- national is the anniversary; how it grows out of the opening prologue ary of Lexington, and taking a seat on the penitential benche , listens of our history; how, therefore, it should be kept in constant subjec­ to the 9reat Declaration, while it acyaigns her grandfather, George tion to the genius of that day. Such, I am persuaded, wa.a the original III, a.a 'a prince whose character is marked by every act which may idea; such, I am sure, was the idea of the Senate when it adopted define a tyrant;" and there the Queen sits until the anniversary of the first bill on this subject. Attention ha been called to the lan­ Yorktown. France is there also, the original ally by who e blood and guage of that bill, ina.amnch as it uses the term "international," as treasure Independence wa a sured, who witnessed in her own fear­ well as "national." But it is impossible to read that bill carefnlly ful Revolution the first-fruits of our , and at her head is a military without seeing that its rnling idea was the celebration of the hun­ President, a believer in monarchy, who does not willingly listen to the dredth birthday of the American Republic, and the beginning of it.a praise of Republican government. I ee Spain also, not to be forgot­ great example. So far aa the "international" element is introduced, ten as an ally of our fathers, tardily lending her fleets, with a manly, it is only as an incident to the great principal. So little was this re­ generous people, and at her head is another military Presiuent, with no garded at the time-so entirely was it absorbed in the national love for the Republic. I am glad to recognize Italy, the home of art character of the celebration-that it made little or no impre sion, and the land of history, making her forever in1eresting; and this an­ while Congress expressly .guarded against any expense on account of cient new-born nation appears by two sovereigns, Victor Emanuel, her the exhibition. And in fulfillment of this idea the commissioners King, believing in kings, and the Pope, Pius IX, who never fails to have already voted that the exhibition shall herrin on the 19th of give his prayers and sympathies to kings. There also is Germany, April, the anniversary of Lexington, and close on the 19th of October, whose commanding po ition in the civilized world is a sured by her the anniversary of yorktown-thus by metes and bounds of time pen, mightier even than h er sword, and who e children are our fellow­ marking ostentatiously the national character of the occa ion. citizens; and this great Power nppears by her Emperor, who believes To show how plain this is in the statute, please consider its precise in the "right divine,' and in token thereof, at his coronation as Prus­ language. And here I begin with the preamble. In early days of sian King, allowed no hand but his own to place the crown upon his parliamentary history the preamble played a ~reatpart. Some pream­ sac_red h~ad. .Aus.tria is by _the side of Ge~any, with ancient prej­ bles are eloquent morsels of history and style, and I am disposed to udices diS olvmg rn the sunlight of modern Improvement, and with a place this among them. It begins : Hungarian rebel as Prime Minister, and tl.l.is nation, still great, though Whereas the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America shorn of former proportions, appears by her Emperor, the representa­ was prepared, signed, and promulgated in the year 1776, in the city of Philadelphia. tive in blood and place of his progenit-or Joseph II, who, declining to meet Franklin, said, "My business is to be a royalist." 'l'here also are This statement doubtless was to secure the celebration for Phila~el­ Belgium, Holland, Denmru:k, and Sweden, each with a King. And phia. It then proceeds : there also is Russia, our traditional ally, whose growinrrcivilization is And whereas it behooves the people of the United States to celebrate, ~Y appro­ illnstratedbyagreatactofEmancipationandEnfranchi'sementalways priate ceremonies,the centennial anniversary of this memorable and decisive event, which constitutea the 4th day of .July, 1776, the birthday of the nation. to shine in the history of the human family, and t his wicle-sprea-d Empire appears by her Czar. Behind are Turkey and Errypt, each It will be observed ·how distinctly we are reminded of the birthday like ~he lion in Paradise "pawing to O"et free its hinder parts~-one ap­ of the nation to be celebrated by appropriate ceremonies-all of which peanng by the Ottoman Sultan, and the other by its K.hedive·rejoic­ is national, and not international. Then follows : il;tg in his wealth and in his new-found title of unrepublican sover­ And whereas it is deemed fitting that the completion of the first century of our eignty. national existence shall be commemorated by an exhibition of the natural resources All these take their places on the 19th of April, not to move till of the country and their development, and of its progress in those arts which benefit mankind, in comparison with those of older nations. the 19th of October. Such at least is the programme; such is the idea of the pending bill. Just in proportion as they fail to appear Here yon will see how the products of older nations are treated as a will there be disappointment if not loss. If not in pe.rson, then by mere incident to the exhibition, which is essentially national. The plenipotentiary will they all appear; but the plenipotentiary, while preamble then proceeds : on this service, is the sovereign. But will they appear Y Should we And whereas no J?lace is so appropriate for such an exhibition as the city in which invite them to appear Y occurred the event It is designed to commemorate. I may err; but to my mind it is plain that the proposed combina­ Thus again referring to Philadelphia as the proper place to com­ tion is a mistake which, if persisted in, must end in detriment to the memorate the great day. And then the preamble closes: anniversary and to the World's Fair. If one -gains the other must And whereas, as theexhibitionshoul.Q. be a national celebration, in which the people suffer. Now, I do not mean to say that the people will not come from ~~ ~: U~~S~~ should participate, it should have the sanction of the Congress foreign lands. I believe they will, and with them artists and artisans or their· works. · · Such is the preamble, being the key to the statute. Nothing here ~h. THURMAN. Will the Senator allow me to interrupt him of an interna tiona! exhibition. Nothing here of a World's Fair. Now, there! I ~sist that a World's Fair is something so well known in character, Mr. SUMNER. Certainly. besides so large, so grandiose, so magnificent, that it is not to be in­ Mr. THURMAN. The Senator says he does not say these artists and ferred out of vague and uncertain language. It must be specifically artisans will not come. Has he any idea that they will come unless named and described. theii· governments accept the invitation; and what is the prospect of Th~ .Purpose of. Congress is still further apparent in the express other zover~ents accepting the invitation: seeing that the invitation conditions of section 7: · was g1ven eight months ago and but one great power, to wit, Germany, That no compensation for services shall be paid to the commissioners or othtlr has so far accepted Y officers provided b~ this act from the Treasury of the United States; and the United Mr. RAMSEY. At this point, with the permission of the Senator States BhaU not be liable for any expenses attending sw:h 1%1ihibition or by reason of the from Massa-chusetts, I will send to the desk a dispatch which I have 6G'Ine. just received this morning, announcing the acceptance by Sweden of Language could not be stronger to relieve the United States of all the invitation. · 1832 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

Mr. THURMAN. Sweden is not one of the great powers, though It should be free from every feature calculated to sectionalize or divide the country, and be so managed as to secure the greatest ~ossible harmony and una­ a highly respectable one. nimity. It should be as educating and elevating in its influences as possible both Mr. SCOT£. Will the Senator from Ohio permit me to state- - . in this and foreign countries. ' :Mr. SUMNER. If the Senator will pardon IIJ.e, I would rather proceed. .All these results maY. be secured by proper instrumentalities. I think none of Mr. RAMSEY. I hope the Senn.torwill allowthn,t dispatch to be read. them will be if the Philadelphia scheme is encouraged by the Federal Government any further. Of the international part of it, the converting it into a European Mr. SUMNER. I have no objection. fair, with an American corner for Yankee notions, I will not trust myself to spenk. The Chief Clerk read as follows : STOCKHOLM, February 27, 1874. To all these considerations I add yet another. A World's Fajr is To Senator RAMSEY, WaBhington: essentially governmental in character. Such it has been in other Diet enthusiastically passed Philadelphia. exhibitor appropri:l.tion. Reference in the discussion to your motion. countries, and such, I fear, it must be in ours. The Government in­ .ANDREWS. vit_es, the Gove~ment is host; the Government, therefore, must :Mr. SUMNER. That does not shed much light on the question. gmde and shape Its conduct, and must pay the expenses, as if it were [Laughter.] the Army or Navy. Undertaking this service, it must determine where the fair shall be held- in which of the two capitals of the Mr. CAMERON. Mr. President- - 1 1\Ir. SUMNER. Will the Senator allow me to go on f l!nion--;Washington, the political capital, or New York, the commer­ cial capital. It must at once take charge of the enterprise, leavin(J' ltlr. CAMERON. Certainly; if the Senator will not allow mo :1 word at this point. to our Philadelphia friends the commemoration of the great da.y and Mr. SUMNER. I would mther proceed. its marvelous fruits. Mr. CAMERON. Very well. , But there is something easier and more practical. It is to bring Mr. SUMNER. Sweden is a. power for which I have great respect, the PhiL.1.delphia enterprise at once in subordination to the original idea-to abn,ndon the ex post facto substitute, and mn,ke the commemo­ a!l?- her. ruler I ~ow to be enlightened, while her most distinguished ration national and republicn,n. Two victories of principle I trust mtizen lS one With whom I had the good fortune to form rehtions of friendship here in W n.shington which will last a-s long as life. I there­ will swell the grandeur of the day: First, the return to sp~cie pay: fore cannot refer to Sweden except with respect and honor. But ments, so that every citizen may have a piece of gold in his pocket · Sweden does not lead the European household; Sweden does not sit and secondly, the complete recognition of the equal rights of all s~ at. the head of the fea t.. All her present respectability, all the mem­ that the great Declaration may be no longer a promise only but alivfug ones of Gustavus Adolphus and Gustavus Vasa, are in vain to place reality. Then will the celebration be grander thn,n n,ny Roman tri­ her now in n,uy commanding attitude. But does Sweden know the umph; grander than any Hebrew jubilee. terms of this proceeding ' Does she know the twin character of the ltlr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. President, I understand that this bill day, that we are to celebrate the beginning of Republican Institu­ commits the nation to a considerable expenditure, a possible expendi­ tions, while at the same time we proclaim a World's Faid ture not to be reimbursed, of three or four millions of dollars. I have When interrupted I was remarking that I did not doubt that many given the subject some reflection, and have for my elf coma to the conclusion that it is becoming and wise that the expense be incurred. ar_tists and arti~ans would come; and I was about to add that they will not move m full force except under the quickening influences We are not, I submit, on the verge of bankruptcy, as the communica­ of_ European. governments, inspired by kindly sympathy. All this tion read by the Senn,tor from Ma-ssachusetts [Mr. SUMNER] intimated. will be especially needed to counteract the impediments of distance And unless my ·friend who sits beside me [Mr. CAMERON] shall suc­ and also the smaller tempt.1tion to exhibitors from the comparativ~ ceed, as I believe he will not succeed, in deranging the fi.nn,nces of smallness of population. At the World's Fair of London Paris and the country, we are abundantly able to incur this expense. We may Vienna, all Europe, with a population of two hundred a~d sev~nty­ incur this expenditure if we are able to take one step beyond the fi.ve millions, .w.as present by daily visitors and witnesses, so that absolute necessities of Government. what was exhibited became known at once throughout that immense lli. President, the event which we are called upon to commemorate people. Here was a sphere by the side of which our forty millions all recognize as one of the greatest events in the world's history a~ must seem small. This difficulty can be overcome on our part only event interesting not alone to the people of this country butt~ all by superior effort and corresponding outlay of money. Are we ready mankind; and it is dwarfing the subject to speak of 'the occasion and for ~uch outlay¥ Thi~ outlay is enforced also by the examples of other o£ our republicanism being merely domestic, as the principle of gov­ nations, who have laVIshed large sums on the structures built for the ernment by the people or of republicanism is cosmopolitan. It in­ occa-sion. Among the fine arts architecture is one of the most beau­ terests every being of our race. It is natural and commendable that tiful, as it is the most comprehensive, embracing all other arts espe­ our people s~ould desire to celebrate this great occasion, and it is cially design-painting, sculpture. Who does not see that a s~cture most appropnate that they should wish to celebmte it in a manner like this Capitol is a picture in stone--that it is poetry in stoneY But that will enable mankind to join with them. the edifice to receive the art treasures of the world must be a monu­ I can understand, as has been suggested, that our rejoicings might ment kindred in character. not. be agreeable to the kings and potentates of the earth, and can There is another impediment, which is in the nature of a waminoo. believe that our abounding prosperity might excite their envy and Th~ :proposed fair will come only three years after that of Vienn~ . that our bright future might invoke their jealousy; but not so 'with This IS too soon for such an effort. A long9r interval is needed that the people of other lands; not so with those who have felt the incubus there may be a new and full ~ro_p of inventions, of productio~, and of hereditary caste and servitude. They would join with us in our hallelujahs. Enamored with our well-ordered freedom they will go of works of art. A World's Farr lS not an annual plant, flowering with the rose and the apple-tree. It requires time for its beautiful n,nd home to sow the seeds of blessing here gathered over the world. yariegated flower. Its stem must be large, healthy, and well nour­ . Whether kings_ and emperors, princes an~ emperors, a,pprove or Ished by years. diSapprove, we will not be ashamed to proclaim our republican prin­ I am sorry to be obliged to say these things. I wish it were other­ ciples to the world. We will invite them to attend. They know w~at the entertainment is to be. If they are incapable of rejoicing wise, for ~ haye m~ch rel!lpect and kindness for tho gentlemen now e~gageO: rn this busmess. But I find myself admonished by a resolu­ ~th .us over the progress of human liberty they can decline our in­ VItation. If they come, who can doubt that they will receive inspira­ tion which has pas ed the Ma sachusetts senate, althou(J'h0 it has failed in the other hou e. I will read it: tions which will prove blessings to their own people ' Besides, 1\Ir. President, this exposition will be at once instructive Resolved by the senate and house of representatives of Massachusetts in General Court assembld, Th..1>t, in view of the important part which Massachusetts performed and entertaining to the people of our country. Those who aTe accus­ in the events to be commemorated, both by the wisdom of her statesinen and the t?me?- to toil ?n shoJ? and field will at thi~ exhibition in a few days de­ b~avery of her soldiers; in view of the intimate relations established in our early nve information which the wealthy obtam only by extensive travel• history between Mas achusetts and Penns:ylvania, our Senators and Representa­ will tives m Congress b e and are requested to give their support to all reasonable con­ and wh~e advertising their own productions, they be gathering ~essional.appropriations which may be required to carry on the proposed centen­ suggestwns from the products and skill of other countries which will maJ. expOSltiOn- be advantageous to them and to our nation. Mr. President, before we I am sorry the English word "exhibition" was not used- vote on this question we should invoke for ourselves something of thA in s'!"ch manner as to make it a complete representation of the var io'IU industries of the spirit of our fathers in "the days that tried men's souls." They hnll natwn, and a worthy tribute to those great 71W'TI. who secured for us the inestimable bless­ the spirit which led them,. without shield or protection, to meet tho ings of a free republic. flaming line of battle. In the conclusion of the senate of Massachusetts I concur. There is value in :1 national sentiment, and to this end we should They say nothing in favor of a World's Fair, while they r~joice in the cherish our historic recollections. We, as a people, should cea e to proposed commemoration of the national birthday. Pardon me if I refep to and dilate upon Greece and Rome, Thermopylm and Mara­ adu to this authority the testimony of a private citizen in a letter to thon, while we have a Bunker Hill, a Trenton, a Lexington, and a myself, who has given much attention to this subject: ' Concord of our own. We should gather our inspirations from our The centennial celebration of 1876 should be first and foremost, and I think it own Christian soil, rather than from the battered and tramped fields scarcely too much to say only, a grateful vindication of 1776. of heathendom. Let us celebrate this centennial in a manner becom­ It should be ~everely ~nd granaly simple; not ostentatious or boastful. ing an epoch which is our own, and yet in which the whole world has . It should be mexpenSIVE_I for a thousand obvio~ r~. sons; but, above all, because 1t does not become a nation any more t.han an mdividnal on the verge of bank· an interest. ruptc.y to be extrava_gant, especially at the moment when the attention of tho world It would be well, I think; before taking a vote that we should read 1s IDVlted to the stuay and imitation of her methods of manauement. that great state paper w.hioh proclaimed our oationa.i sovereignty to It should be national and not provincial. It should be so conducted that all and not a few only can participate in it. the world. Webster, I remember, represents John Adams as saying It should not involve t.he displacement of large masses of people which is peril- in Independence Hall, before the vote on the Declamtion of Independ­ ous-to the heaJ.th, expansive, and more or less demoralizing. ' ence was taken, "Read iif, BTtJ art the. hearl: o.fJ the M"lily,. ndoJ e¥&ry 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1838 sword will be drawn from its scabbard, and the solemn oath be I say I listened with great pleasure to him when he drew upon his uttered, to maintain it or to die on the bed of honor. Send it to the im::tgination and furnished us the picture which he gave of the grand pulpits; religion will approve it, and the lovers of civil liberty will procession of the powers of Europe, and their rulers; and now, before cling to it, resolved to stand by it or fall with it. Send it to the pub­ I proceed to the use I propose to make of it, I willlisten to him. lic halls; let those hear it who heard the :first roar of the enemy's 1\fr. SUMNER. I hope the Senator will pardon me. I did yield cannon; let those see it who saw their sons fall at Bunker Hill, at repeatedly a few moments ago; and why I declined at last was simply Lexington, and at Concord, and the very wa.llB will cry out in its that I 'wished to hasten to the end. favor." Mr SCOTT. The Senator declined my :firet request. Mr. President, those men who pledged their lives, their fortunes, Mr. SUMNER. I do not wish to interrupt the Senator. and their sacred honors, deserve that we should on this centennial occa­ 1\fr. SCOTT. The interruption is not at all disagreeable. sion remember them, even should it cost the pledge or expenditur.e of Mr. SUMNER. But the Senator put me a question; he a-sked me a few thousand dollars. Out of respect to the national sentiment of why, with such a title, the bill came from the committee With which the people of the country, we have no right to withhold that legisla­ I was a-ssociated. The Senator knows full well that it wa-s a House tion which is necessary to enable them to give expression to their bill · it came to the Senate and in the course of business was referred patriotic impulses. to the Committee on Foreign Relations, and there it was considered. Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I regret very much that my physical No individual at that time suggested a world's fair. That subject condition may compel :m:e to forbear the utterance of some things was not referred to the committee. None of the gentlemen here rep­ which I would like to say to-day. I regret more that I am required re enting Philadelphia made any such suggestion. Therefore the to rise for the purpose of answering, to some extent at least, the ex­ title attracted no attention. It was innocuous. It was uot of itself a traordinary speech of my friend from Massachusetts, [Mr. SUMNER] grant of power; it did not of itself create a world's fair ; and all the upon this occasion. I listened with delight to his opening sentences, atmosphere about the bill at that time was inconsistent with the idea as I alwa.ys do when he commences upon that favorite subject of his, of a world's fair. The idea of a world's f:l.ir was an after-thought, the Declaration of Independence. I knew we would he::tr from him an ex post facto thought. the history of that sacred instrument, and I was not disappointed Mr. SCOTT. The Senator from Massachusetts is such an accurate when he commenced with recounting how the principles which en­ philologist that a few moments ago he was criticising the Legislature tered into it had their origin and their triumph. I always listen to him of his own beloved Commonwealth for using the word "exposition" with pleasure when he speaks of that great charter which asserts the instead of "exhibition;" and yet with thewqrds "international exhi­ rights of conscience and the rights of labor, the 1ight of free men to bition" in theverytitleofthe bill he seeks refuge iri the words "world's choose their own institutions, to choose their own rulers, their own fair." We did not expect the barbarous nations of the world to eome, mode of worship, and to have in their own hands the products of their but we did expect all civilized peoples of the world to come; and d~s own toil, unless taken from them by their own consent. And when the Senator from Massachusetts wish us to understand tb:at tiiesa he was tracing it back to that desire of freedom which led men to words "international exhibition" are repugnant to the othets which flee from the forms of government which did not give them these he now sees proper to use-" world's fair f" Language means noth:. rights, that persecution which gathered together in one advancing ing if that title does not commit us to an international exhibition; current the people of France and of England, of Scotland and of and if that is not a synonym for a "world's fair," it is l:u-ge enough a-t Ireland, of all the nations of Europe which-he prompts me to be clas­ least to embrace the civilized and intelligent world. sical-" Arethusa-like, plunged beneath the waters of the sea, and gur­ I was proceeding when the Senator from Massachusetts intertupted gled up again in li~ht and beauty at Plymouth Rock, and Bunker me to say that I listened with pleasure to the learning which wa Hill and Yorktown' -when he commenced that eulogy, I was not displayed in the magnificent picture that he drew of the procession of ready for the lame and impotent conclusion which followed, that the the kingdoms of Austria, and Prussia, and Great Britain, and Russia, triumph of the rights of conscience ::tnd the rights of labor were not and Spain, and many others, intersperRed with agreeable recollections, to be celebrated in the land which they had made glorious, for fear it and disa,greeable ones, of the monarchs and the rulers of those coun­ will cost something, some dollars, to be voted by the representatives tries. I enjoyed the grand p:morama as it passed before me while he of the forty million people who are enjoying those rights. was marshaling the nations and sovereigns, while crowns and coro..: But, ~fr. President, I came not here to indulge in any sentiments of nets were glittering in the lovely light of a Fou.rth of July American this character. The people of the United States, the Senators present, sun; and I confess, Mr. President, after some of the sentences that need not any Fourth of July orations upon this occasion. Faneuil Hall had previously fallen from him, I was somewhat puzzled to ~ow and Independence Hall may have their inspirations upon the Fourth of whether the proce ion was drawn from Dant-e's Inferno or Milton's July, as they have; but, sir, I came this morning expecting in a plain Paradise Regained, and I felt some apprehension as to whether he was and candid way, to the extent to which my strength would enable me going to land them in heaven or in hell. [Laughter and applause.) to do it, to examine this bill as a business question before the Con­ The PRESIDENT p1·o ternpo'l'e. Applause is out of order, and if gress of the United States; and I hasten to get to that point. I will repeated the Chair will order the galleries to be cleared. call attention to the original act of the 3d of March, 1871, for the pur­ Mr. SCDTT. But, sir, I was more sUrprised when the Senator from pose of seeing what we have already done, of showing that; and if M-aRSachusetts closed that argument by telling us that if these sov there ha.s been any mistake in the matter, any humiliating mistake, ereigns accepted a,nd came here, the eloquence of our orators would any mistake for which the Senator from Mass::tchusetts is now sorry, be palsied before them; that it would strike dumb tbe tongues that perhaps he is fully ::ts responsible for tha.t error as any member of this were wont to be eloquent in the vindication of republican principles. body or of the House. And this from the Senator from MassachusetU!! The advocates of I hold in my hand the bill as it was reported from the Committee republican institutions struck dumb because crowned heads, lords, on Foreign Relations, on the 7th day of February, 1871, ::tt which marquises, earls, or baronets or their retainers were present to listen~ time the Senator from Massachusetts was the honored head of that Why, sir: I was followinO' that procession in imagination. I trust - committee. I am glad he has referred to it, for he has informed us they will all come; and Ihope to see them marshaled inta Independ.: that the amendment in the bill is his work, drawn with his hand; so ence Squ:u-e, if it is big enough to hold them, and if we ever O'et that it cannot be said this bill passed a-s a matter of form, without them there I hope to see the Senator from Massachusetts there as the challenging his scrutiny. Besides, we all know that, as an industri­ orator, :1t lea.st upon some occasion between the 19th of April and tlte ous and conscientious legislator, no bill of any importance ever came 19th of October, 1876, between Lexington and Yorktown and will from his committee unless he was satisfied with its provisions. What, his tongue f::til him in the advoc::tcy of republicanism because croWned· then, is the first thing that attracts attention in this bill, thus re­ heads are present Y The memories of the past, the service of a who-le: ported from the committee of which the Sena.tor from Massachusetts life devoted to freedom, and the reputation which he looks for in was chairman T It is its title; and ~hat does it announce to all the po terity tell us, all these tell us, that we must forbid the as umption. world T He ha-s done himself injustice. His tongue would not qnail before An act to provide for celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of American the crowned heads of Europe, nor would the tongues of many othMs Independence,_by holding an international exhibition of arts, manufadnres, and who, if less distin!!'Uished than he, have learned from him, during tho products of the soil and mine, in the city of Philadelphia., and State of Pennsylva­ long time that hehaa been in the Senate, to love freedom so well as nia, in the year 1!376. to utter her gospel everywhere, whether men will hear or forbeaT. Now, 1\fr. President, there is the announcement, in the very title of They live in·a land where we have freedom to choose the worshiP of the bill, "an internation::tl exhibition." If it wete such an incon­ God and freedom, to resist the tyranny of man, and will not hesitate ~ruous affair a.s the Senator from Massachusetts now presents to us, discreetly to do honor to the Constitution which gives us these rights, if there were such objections· to it that an international exhibition whether in the presence of serfs or titled royalty. coupled with a national exhib.ition is a monstrosity in politics, such I have been diverted, Mr. President, thus far in my remarks from a-s the Siamese twins were in nature, why was it that the keen intel­ pursuing the history of this bill of w,hich I was speaking. It was re­ lect of the Senator from .Ma sachusetts did not point out this incon­ ported on the 7th of February, 1871. Now, what is its legislative gruity to the Senate, and save us thls humiliation f history Y It came from the House, as is already stated. It watr not Mr. President, I listened with great pleasure to the statement of the a Penn ylvania measure; it was not a Philadelphia measure- solely. Senator from 1\fassachusetts-- I refer to its ori!rin, for I know something of it. The bill wa'B' intro­ 1\Ir. SUMl.~R. May I interrupt my friend Y duced into the Houset it is true, by a Representative from Penn­ Mr. SCOTT. I will yield when my friend shall have allowedmeto sylvania,. not a. Philauelphian-a man who represented a district finish a sentence. spanning the Alleghany Mountains, running across them to some dis­ Mr. SIDINER. Certainly. tance on either side their base, and having his home on the western Mr. SOOTT. I will not follow his example; I will yield. slope. He was a native of Maine, an ad.optedr an_honored1 and lin!~ 1834 CONGRESSIONAL RE.CORD. FEBRUARY 27,

orable son of Pennsylvania. He bore the same name as my honored It is hard to see what custom-house regulations were needed if this friend who sits before me; I allude to Hon. Daniel J. Morrell, the exhibition were not to be interna.tional. Representative from the then seventeenth district of Pennsylvania. Then it provided, in the eighth section- It was not a provincial measure; but on every feature of it was wr,it­ That whenever the President shall be informed by the governor of the State of ten, as broadly a..'lit could be, a national measure, and an international Pennsylvania that!rovision has been made for the erection of suitable buildings measure in the title of it. for the purpose, an for the exclusive control by the commission- It came from the House, and was reported back to the Senate with giving national control- but one amendment; and what was that T It was drawn, as we are herein provided for of the proposed exhibition, the President shall throu~h the now informed, by the pen of the Senator from Massachusetts, and De~artment of State, make proclam:ttion of the same, setting forlh the time at that was, he added to the clause which prohibited payment to the which the exhibition will open, and the place at which it will be held· and he shall commissioners authorized by that bill these words : commnnica:te to the diplm;natic representatives of all nations co~ies' of the same, together With snch regulations a~ may be adopted by the commissiOners. And the United States shall not be liable for any expense attending such exhi­ bition or by reason of the same. ¥r· President, if there had been an effort made to scatter all through The very amendment suggested all the questions about national and this act of Congress from the beginning to the end notice to the nation international exhibition, and the Senator was the author of it. The notice to the world, that it was to be a national and an international. bill came back to the Senate on the 7th of February, 1871, as I have exhibition, I can hardly see how that effort could have been more suc­ stated; and it was considered upon several occasions. What amend­ cessful. ments were offered to it! But one. No question wa made as to I shall endeavor now, sir, to proceed simply in the way of narration whether it should be a national or an international exhibition, except a to what followed the passage of this act. one by the Senator from Ohio who sits on my left, [Mr. THURMAN,] Of course the :first question that presented itself was, how is money who made the inquiry whether it was to be an international exhibi­ to be procured for the purpose of making this exhibition succe sful'f After the lapse of one year, the gentlemen who had it in charge came tion or not l and he was referred to the bill, accordin~ to my recollec­ tion. The :::lena tor from New York, [Mr. CONKLING,] m remarks made to the conclusion that the only mode of making it successful was to by him, called attention expressly to the fact, so that the Senate apply to Congress for the charter of a board of finance, or a finance might consider the importance of the measure which they were pass­ commission, as I believe it is termed. They did so; and it was pro­ ing. I quote his words : posed to raise the money necessary by the subscription of corporate stock, putting the estimate at ten millions, supposing that amount If, however, the United States are to stand sponsor, if the celebration is to be national, if it is to be held under the auspices of the Government and patronized would be necessary. I may say here in pa sing, that the idea has by the nation, then my honorable friend from PennsY.lvania ("Mr. CAMERON] will never been held out by any one connected with this institution that agree with me that care should be .taken to make It not only creditable, but to this subscription of corporate stock was to be a speculation. I have insure its being conducted in the best way. been pre ent at some of the meetings that have been held· I have Attention was called to this fact; and attention being thus called participated in some of them; and I know the gentlemen who have to it, only one other question ·remained-where shall it be held Y The been invited to subscribe have been invited upon the assurance that bill named Philadelphia. The Senator from New York moved to no guarantee could be given of the return of one dollar; that it must insert New York; and for some time after that motion was made dis­ take its chance of all the casualties to which such an exhibition cussion went on in this Chamber. While the discussion was progress­ would be subject-fire, :flood, storm, the breaking out of an epidemic ing, the then Senator from Massachusetts, Mr. WILSo:N, in his seat or any of the numerous incidents which might interfere with its sue~ suggested Boston, but he did not offer an amendment. The Senate cess. had distinctly before them Philadelphia, New York, and Boston; and That commission was formed, and they proceeded to apportion upon the vote being taken, New York was not adopted; Fhiladelphia ~pon the population of the Unit~d S_tates the amount which they be­ was. Boston was not pressed, and if it had been, and adopted, is it lieved each State ought to contn butie for 'the purpose of raising that too much to say that perhaps the resolution of the Legislature of $10,000,000. I have here the apportionment which was made but I Massachusetts might never have seen the light T And that resolution do not deem it neces ary to take up time in reading it. The a~ount is the only excuse I can find to send down to history for the position apportioned upon the population of Pennsylvania was not. quite taken by my friend this morning upon this bill. It is the only thing 1,000,000-between nine hundred and fifty thousand and one million which will reconcile the glowing exordium upon the Declaration of dollars. They proceeded to organize the commission and to organize Independence, and that peroration which concluded that it would cost a board of finance, and I wish here to say that it is composed of O'en­ too much money to commemorate the great event. Think of it," human tlemen of the most faultless integrity, whose commercial and persgnal rights" too light to be weighed in the scales against a few million character is such as to give guarantee for the aill:ninistration of any dollars, the Senator from M~ssachusetts being judge I ~d that. comes _into the_ir hands. If any fund that may be appro­ ' Thus, sir the bill passed, and what does it provide T Let us see. I pnated, e1ther Wlth or Without governmental supervision, (and they do not wish to read the whole of it, but simply to refer to tho e things are quite indifferent as to that but rather invite it,) if the whole fund which must have fixed in the mind of the Senate the character of this received in any manner is not secure in the hands of these men then exhibition. I agree that·instead of talking about celebrating the centennial'anni­ In the preamble of the bill what do we find t It is to be "an exhi­ versary of independence, we ought to be talking about writing the bition of the natural resources of the country and their development," epitaph of the nation. It is secure. and I shall save my friend's philological sensitiveness bysayingthat But they proceeded; and the financial aspect of the case, as that is the Representative from Pennsylvania did use the word which the the one upon which I have been requested by some Senators to speak Legislature of Massachusetts omitted to use, and has shocked his is this: The Legislature of Pennsylvania appropriated $1,000 000 t~ sensibility by interpolating another-" an exhibition of the natural this enterprise; the councils of Philadelphia appropriated $500 000 · · resources of the country and their development, and of its progress thus making a million and a half, with the stipulation that that' mil: in those arts which benefit mankind in comparison with those of older ~on and a half wast? be used in the erection of a permanent build­ nations." mg, that was to remam upon the grounds as an art gallery, commemo­ Ho'Y' were they to be compared if they were not brought here 7 rative of this event-a memorial building. Does 1t not all contemplate an international exhibition Y Then it The finance commission then proceeded to canvass for subscrip­ goes further and says, that it is to be an international exhibition-in tion , and the citizens of Philadelphia and of the State of Pennsyl­ the :first section, "an exhibition of American and foreign arts, prod­ vania subscribed about one million and a half more, thus making ucts, and manufactures shall be held, under the auspices of the three millions, or nearly one-third of the whole proposed amount and Government of the United States." Now, what could be more de­ three times_ the quota assessed upon the State of Pennsylvania. ' cisive than these three things, an ''international exhibition" in the When this had· been done the governor of the Commonwealt-h was title; an exhibition of arts and products in comparison with those of notified of it. The finance commission was proceeding to organize older nations, an exhibition of American and foreign arts ; and all throughout all the States, and they expected to secure their subscrip­ this under the auspices of the Government of the United States Y tions, although up to that time the other States had not responded. These three thin~s being determined, that there was to be an inter­ But with three millions certified to be secure within the knowledge national exhibit10n of foreign products and arts under the auspices of the gove~·nor, he gave the certificate required by the act of 1871 of the Government of the United States, there were only two ques­ to the President, and upon the 4th of July, 1873, the park commis­ tions left: where shall it be held, and by what means shall it be sion of the city of Philadelphia formally delivered a conveyance of brought about Y The :first question was settled by :fixing Philadel­ I believe, fo.ur hundr~d. and :fifty acres, or in that neighborhood, t~ phia, appropriately aa is stated by the President in his message, the centenrnal comilllSSlOn, for the purpo e of the celebration. There­ appropriately, I think, as was agreed by everybody; for when the fore they have absolute and exclusive control of tho e four hundred vote came nobody even demanded the yeas and nays upon it. That and fifty acres of land, in the most magnificent park on this conti­ it was to be national is apparent in every section of the bill. nent or in any country. The President then issued his proclamation· The third section provided for the appointment of commissioners and now I come to that which is the occasion of the bill immediately by the Presidont upon the nomination of the governors of the States before us. What was that proclamation 'f It recites these various and Territories. acts, and it concludes thus: The sixth section required the commission to report to Con~ess, Now,.therefore, ~e it.known tha_t .I, Ullsses S. Grant, President of the United and among the things to be reported to Congress are the followmg : States, m conformity With the proVISiOns o the actof Congress aforesaid do hereby declare and proclail:n that there will be held, at the city of Philadelphia, in the The requisite custom-house regulations for the introduction into this country of State of Pennsylvania, an international exhibition of arts, manufactures and prod­ the articles from foreign countries intended for exhibition, and such other matters ucts of the soil and mine, to be opened on the 19th day of April alli:to Domin'l aa in their judgment may be important. 1876, and to be closed on the 19th day of October, in the same year. ' 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1835

And in the interest of peace, civilization, and domestic and international friend­ although of that I am not certain-to London in 1851. Those govern­ ship and intercourse, I commend the celebration and exhibition to the peeple of the ments did not pay the expenses of our comm.i.ssioners. If these digni­ United States. taries saw proper to invite them to dine, very well; and a comm.i.ssioner Now mark it. might feel good with his legs under the royal mahogany. If the And, in behalf of this Government and people, I cordially commend them to all President sees proper to invite anybody who comes here to dine, very nations who maY. be pleased to take part therem. * * * * ll B t •t · ll d ~ d b ~ .:~ th t 1a· bl" Done at the cttyof Washington this 3d day of Jnly,1873,andof thelndependence we · u 1 IS we un e.uruOO a rou.u a we are a P In, repu 1- of the United States the ninety-seventh. can people ; that we do not expect to build palaces for the accommo- There, sir, is a commendation of this exhibition to other nations, dation of royal visitors; and if they see proper to come, they will and that was the extent to which the President deemed himself au- have good sense enough to put up with republican fare. thorized to go. Some nations, treating this as really an invitation, Mr. CONKLING. May I ask my friend a question at this pointf I have accepted it as such; not one power alone, as the Senator from am seeking all the informa.tion I can get. Ohio haa suggested. Mr. SCOTT. Certainly. Mr. THURMAN. The Senator will allow me to correct him. Mr. CONKLING. Does the Senator, by this part of his argument, Mr. SCOTT. Certainly; if I have made an error I wish to be cor- mean to convince us, or t.o declare his own opinion, that we shall be at rected. liberty hereafter to refuse to appropriate money to carry on this exhi- Mr. THURMAN. The Senator is certainly in error. He says that bition or expositionT Does he mean, by what he is saying now, to all the President has done is to issue his proclamation. So far from disabuse the Senate of the idea that, by adopting the pending bill, that, there was sent from the office of the Secretary of State-- Congress. will stand committed past recall to make such appropria­ Mr. SCOTT. I cannot read all· these papers at once. I will come tiona as shall turn out in the future t~ be necessary to accomplish to that-- this work¥ Mr. THURMAN. A direct invitation. Mr. SCOTT. The idea has been suggested that the amount of Mr. SCOTT. I will come to that, and to what the Secretary of State money that would be needed for this exhibition would be enormous. says on that subject. The Senator from Ohio may rest assured that It was stated, I believe, by the Senator from Massa~husetts to run I desire to get the whole subject before the Senate, and I shall be only from $5,000,000 to $15,000,000, and perhaps over that. I have been too glad, if I omit anything, to have his valuable aid in presenting combating the idea that this is to be a very expensive exhibition, whatever I omit. and that among the expenses to be defrayed by these commissioners That was on the 3d of July, 1873, the day before the formal transfer will be anything for hospitalities to be extended by the nation to of the grounds in Philadelphia to the commission. those who may see proper to come here. So far as Congress is already Now, sir, I come to what the Senator from Ohio refers to, to the committed, it is committed to an international exposition. So far as invitation, I suppose, as he terms it, dated July 5, 1873, issued from the expenses are concerned, it waa expected that they would be raised the Department of State. I do not wish to read it all, but I suppose by private contribution to this stock. But I was proceeding with an what the Senator refers to is this: · effort at order in showing the point at which we have arrived; and In the la.w providing for the holding of the exhibition, Congress directed that I will say to the Senator from New York now, that I think we have copies of the proclamation of the President, settinu forth the time of its opening arrived at that· point where Pennsylvania and Philadelphia have and the place at which it wa.s to be held, to~ether with such regnlations as might be done much, where the rest of the country has done comparatively OO.o~ted by the commissioners of the exhibition, should be communicated to the nothing, and where, if the international exposition is to fail, it will be ~~~=~epresenta.tives of all nations. Copies of those regulations are herewith because Congress now refuses to recognize the obligation which I The President indulges the hope that the Government of-- will be pleased to think they have incurred, to make this an international exhibition. notice the subject, anu may- deem it proper to bring the exhibition and its objects It may cost 3,000,000. That is fixed as the present amount needed to the attention of the people of that country, and thus encourage their co-operation for putting it in such shape as to make it beyond all controversy a. in the proposed celebration. And he further hopes that the Op:J?Ortunity afforded It t $5 000 000 lth h I d t •t will · by the exhibition for the interchange of national sentiment and frtendly intercourse success. may cos ' ' ' a oug O no suppose 1 · , m between the people of both nations may result in new and still greater OO.vantages addition to the receipts which will come in at the time of the exhibi­ to science and industry, and at t.be same time serve to strengthen the bonds of tion, and which will be used in defraying a part of the expense. peace and friendship which alreooy happily subsist between the government and Mr. SARGENT. Do I understand the Senator from Pennsylvania people of--and those of the United States. now to say that that is the amount to be appropriated by Congress- Now, Mr. President, I ask the attention of the Senator from Ohio from 3,000,000 to $5,000,000 'f to the factthatthat is not an invitation sent by the President through Mr. SCOTT. I have understood, from very careful estimates made the Secretary of State to foreign powers, but it is a form of notice sent by the board of finance connected with this centennial exposition, bytheSecretaryofStateto our own foreign ministers, andinowfollow that if Congress will appropriate $3,000,000 at the present time­ it with a letter of the Secretary of State which corrects a misappre- $1,500,000to bepaidduringthenextfiscalyear,and theother$1,500,000 hension into which our own officers fell in construing that very letter, in the year following- that that will enable them to put this exhibf.:. and that is the occasion for this bilL I allude to circular No. 48, issued tiO'Il on such a basis as to insure its success, considering the additional by the Department of State, which haa been coinmunicated to the contributions they can thereby secure, the receipt of which they may president of the centennial commission. It is dated November 3, feel reasonably certain, and the proceeds of the buildings, which will 1873, and is from the Secretary of State. I will read a portion of it : be removed after the exposition shall have tenninated. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, November 3, 1873. That I believe to be a fair and candid statement of the present To theDiplomatic Ojficers of the United States: financial position of the question as viewed by gentlemen who are conscientious on this subject, who wish to carry out the original na- GENTLEMEN: I re!!ret to find that misapprehension has arisen ina. certain quarter ti al d · te ti 1 ·a b t h d t · h to d d astothemeaningo¥ theproclamationof thePresidentof the 3d of Julylastrela.- on an m rna ona 1 ea, u w o o no WlS procee an tive to the centelinial exposition- make contracts for buildings and other expenses when they are not assured that the money will be in some manner forthcoming to My friend from Massachusetts will h:we to find fault in another discharge the obligations which they thus incur. 'l'hey are men of quarter. Here is "expo ition" again- mercantile and personal honor. They do not intenu to deceive the to be held in Philadelphia in commemoration of the Independence of the United nation; they do not intend to deceive anybody. They come here, States. It is therefore deemed necessary to make the following communicationfor after having made efforts such as I think very few privat"' citizens yonr~ob~~~:~~ ~~ili'::President in his rocla.mation ha.s extended no invi· have ever made at their own expense, such as very few citizens have tation to foreign powers to participate in the e~bition. He was not authorized so ever made at the cost of so much labor: for a great national purpose to do, and while he desires to attract as much attention and interest as possible of this character, candidly presenting this question to the Congress of thereto he carefully confines himself to "commending" the celebration of the cen- the United States, showin2: where we stand, showing that it was in- tennial anniversary of American Independence, and the exhibition which is to be ~ held in connection therewith, to all nations who may be pleased to take part therein. tended to be an international and national exhibition, showing what It is presumed that you will not have failed to observe the guarded lan!!'Uage of position they are in now financially, and leaving the question to Con­ the President'-s proclamation, and the difference between it and that whiCh would gress of whether we will, after what ha-s occurred, withdraw this be used in extending an invitation to other powers. . quasi invitation which has gone out to the nations of the earth. - ~e proceeds to say the exhibition is not national in the sense of I have been auain diverted, :Mr. President; _and this is a very ram- bemg governmental, and to express the President's hope that foreign bling speech, and a much longer one than I either intended or expected powers will take interest and co-operate in the celebration. -to make. This is quite a lonu communication, but I have read enough to show Mr. NORWOOD. I desire to understand the exact position of the that the Secretary of State deemed it his duty to correct a misappre- Senator. I wish to know whether, in answet to the question put by hension into which our own foreign ministers fell in considering this the Senator from New York, the Senator from Pennsylvania takes the to be an invitation. ground that he considers the Government already committed to make ~ow, Mr. President, it is not proposed by this bill to extend an invi- an appropriation for the purpose of carrying on this exhibition 'f tatwn to all the crowned heads of Europe to come here and be enter- Mr. SCOTT. I consider the Government committed to make this tained a-s the guests of the nation. The nation is not to be the host a succe sful national and international exhibition. I think we can­ in the enlarged sense in which the Senator from Massachusetts used not with credit to ourselves recede from the position which we have that term; but the intention is to extend an invitation to the people taken; and I am just coming to that point, if the Senator will per­ of those countries through and with the sanction of their govern- mit me. ments1 ~th the expectation that those governments will appoint Mr. NORWOOD. Allow me one word more and I will not inter­ con:nnsswners to come and take charge of the interests of those of rupt the Senator further. Before he takes his seat I should like him, therr people who may see proper to participate, just as we sent com- as a good constitutional lawyer, to point out the authority under missioners to Paris in 1867, to Vienna. in 1873, and, if I mistake not- which he thinks we can make such an appropriation. 1836 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

Mr. SCOTT. I trust my strength will enable me to respond to the We passed an act to procure instrutnenis for observing the transit. S~natot . from Georgi.a; but for th_e present I pr~ceed with what I hav:e of Venus; and I amnotsure butt.hatthe Senator from Georgia voted in hand. Before this proclamation had been ISsued, and before this for it, for we passed it since he came into the Senate. I do not think letter of the Secretary of State, there had been some acceptances. his vote is recorded against it. I am reminded by this observation / The report of the president of the centennial commission states to US' of the transit of Venus that we made an appropriation no later than that invitations have been accepted by the following nations, and these yesterday, in the naval appropriation bill, for theprosecution of works are all of them, except Sweden, whiJ:lh was announced this morning upon the new planets. The langua.ge would almost seem to imply by the Senator frotn Minnesota-the German Empire, theNether lands, that the Senator frotn California [Mr. SARGE:NT] who had charge of Belgium, Mexico, Ecuador, and Hayti. that bill contemplated the building of a railroad or canal in some of Something was said about only one first-class power having re­ the newly-discovered planets; but I suppose it referred to astronom­ sponded. Well, Mr. President, we do not expect this exhibition to be ical w.ork done ~ the ob~ervatory here: 'Y e did that yesterday, and made up altogether of first-cla>Ss powers. Will the Senator from Mas­ no voice was raiSed agamst the constitutional power to appropriate sachusetts exclude from this grand centennial jubilee of freedom the money to pursue such an astronomical investigation. dusky sons of Hayti if they come, because they are not a first-class We have passed acts sending commissioners at various times to powerf expositions of this character in foreign countries. We sent them to Mr. SUMNER. We do not invite them. Vienna last year.; we sent them to Paris in 1867; we sent them at a Mr. SCOTT. If they come, I say; and, certainly, if we are to invite cost of nearly $500,000, printing and all ; we sent them, I think, to anybody they will be included within the broad ~erms of o.ur invita­ London in 1851; and if we have power to appropriate money to pay tion. Here are Germany, the Netherlands, Belgmm, Menco, Ecua­ the expenses of going to foreign lands to compete with these people dor, Hayti, and Sweden. If I had time to refer to statistical ta,bles I in the products of art and industry, surely the nation, built upon the ~ght probably sh.ow that th~~ ?ontain a very co~sidera~le propor­ rock of the Declaration of Independence, has a right to appropriate a tion of the populatiOn of the mvilized world. I think I might show few millions to an exhibition at home to compare the products of the that we are now, by the acceptances of these invitations, in a position nation which stands upon that rock with the products of the nations in which it would puzzle all the learning and all the eloquence and to which we have sent our own commissioners and whose invitations all the diplomacy of the Senator from Massachusetts to write a polite we accepted. note to these people telling them not to come. I should like to see But we have passed an act time after time to publish the Smithso­ the phrase in which he would put it. An act of Congress for an in­ nian report. ternational exhibition ; $3,000,000 subscribed by one Commonwealth; We have passed an aot to provide for the propagation of fish in all a deed made for four hundred and fifty acres of land upon which to the rivers in all the States. Georgia may be invaded perhaps by the hold it; the artisans of the Old World already makincr their prepara­ fish commissioners depositing the eggs of salmon and trout for the tions to bring their products here-many large man;rl'acturin~ estab­ purpose of feeding the people of Georgia, and I am sure my friend lishmentshavegiven that notice already; six nations accepting the from Georgia will not be troubled with any constitutional scruples invitation. How Will the Senator from Massachusetts sit down, how when he is enjoying the flavor of Portland salmon taken from Savan­ will the Secretary of State sit down, to write to these governments nah River, if they ever get there. and say, "True, you were bidden to this marriage feast of nations, We passed an act for geological explorations, and every year we but you must not come; we cannot afford it¥" publish Hayden's report aud Raymond's report about the geolo(J'y of Mr. President, the Senator from Vermont [Mr. MoRRILL] in his place tbe Western Territories. 0 yesterday, when the subject of money was started, made the very We keep up an Agricultural Department and a Bureau of Education. sensible remark that character was involved in this bill; and who will We passed an act a few days ago to put busts of the Chief Justices say it is notT National character; an invitation sent abroad to our in the room of the Supreme Court of the United States; and now consuls and ministers in such form that they considered it an invita­ J+light I not ask the Senator from Georgia, who I have no doubt voted tion; these nations of the earth accepting it; then a letter from the for that, under what clause ofthe Constitution didhefind thepoweri Secretary of State saying, this is a misapprehension; it is only a; com­ lli. NORWOOD. What act do you refer toT . . mendation, it is not an invitation. Then, the enterprise must break Mr. SCOTT. I am referring to the purcha e of busts of the Chief down, because at the time when it wa>S in the full tide of successful Justices to put in the room of the Supreme Court of the United experiment, and the commissioners believed that success was within States. their ~ra>Sp, the panic came, and all the arrangements which they ha{]. Mr. THURMAN. That was under the same clause under which we ma-de ill all the other States were entirely frustrated. Had not the built the house for them to sit in. panic come in September, the movement inaugurated on the 4th of lli. SCOTT. And what clause is that 'f Busts are not necessary July, I feel satisfied, would have been successful before this time. for the Government. There may be a great many people get on them The patriotism of the country assures us of that. Look at the res,o­ who administer the Government, but they are not absolutely neces­ lutions passed by New Hampshire; and, I believe, North Carolina; at sary. [Laughter.] the resolutions passed by some of the territorial Legislatures; a sub­ I might go on with these instances ad injinitu1n. scription sent here from the-far off Arizona; Oregon declaring ill favor We built a statue of General Scott in one of the squares of this of it; the eyes of the world turned upon our nation, because all our city and appropriated 40,000 to buy one slab for the old general to people who went to Vienna were speaking then of the exhibition in stand on. 1876, and they were told that Europe would be represented here. We keep up a library of Congress ; and I suppose upon a strict con With all this, are we to undergo the humiliation of saying that the struction every man here ought to bring his own library with him or people of the United States will not sustain their representatives in q}lote no books. voting three, five, eight millions if necessary, for the purpose of com­ We bought 1\foran's painting of the Yellowstone and paid 10,000 memorating in a fitting wa"'f the centennial anniversary of the nation's for it, and under what clause of the Constitution f birth! Surely, if anything can be settled, it is settled that in providing I am reminded by the Senator from Georgia that he would like to for the general intelligence of the people, for their culture, for the have more light upon the question of our power to appropriate this progress of our nation, for, in short, promoting the two great bases money. I am glad that he has put that question. I heard it sug­ upon which the nation st.ands, the intelligence and virtue of the peo­ gested once or twice by others. I believe the clause of the Consti­ ple-if anything can be established, it is establisned by acts innumer­ tution was once quoted upou this question which authorizes Con- able in the history of the Government that we have the right to do gress- . this. To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, topa.ythedebts and provide lli. SHERMAN. Under the clause regulating commerce. for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. Mr. SCOTT. The Senator from Ohio suggests that the clause author­ I believe I have heard the construction which the Senator from Ohio izing the regulation of commerce may authorize it. I do not propose [Mr. TlroRMAN] puts upon that clause, and I am not sure that I dis­ to go into any specific grant of power upon this question; but I think agree with him that it is to be treated as if it read that Congress has in the whole mass of governmenta1 powers, if there is anything estab­ the power to lay taxes, imposts, and duties in order to pay the debts lished, it is the power of Congress to do just the thing which we pro­ and provide for the common defense and the general w_elf.are. In pose to do here. I am glad the Senator from Georgia asked the ques­ examining a question of constitutional power, the continued and tion, for it gave me the opportunity to refer to these instances. almost unquestioned practice of Congress is to be considered ; and I lli. NORWOOD. The answer of the Senator from Pennsylvania propose briefly to ask the attention of the Senator from Georgia to is not the answer I want-ed him to make. I wanted him to discuss a few of the practical exercises of the power for the purpose of pro­ the constitutional power, and not refer to innumerable precedents moting industry, science, learning, and art. These alone strongly which he thinks would form the basis for making another precedent argue sufficient wazyant to Congress to follow in the footsteps which of the same kind. I grant that all these things have been done that have been trodden so long and by so many of our eminent predecessors. the Senator, considers have been ·done .by Congress, but he is simply We passed an act authorizing an expedition to the North Pole for referring me to precedents for the exercise of a power a-s an answer the purpose of exploring what there is in that region, and the Sen­ to the constitutional question as to whether we could do it constitu- . ator from 1\:la saohusetts, if I recollect aright, certainly believed in the tionally. I do not say that in many of the cases referred to by the constitutionality of that. Senator Conwe s would not have the power; but to answer me by Mr. SUMNER. I reported it. stating cases where the power has been exercised, I ao not think is Mr. SCOTT. The Senator from Massachusetts reported it: so that it exactly answe~g the question. · has his authority as a constitutional lawyer, and where could l quote Mr. SCOTT. As the Senator from Georgia has been giving much agrooterf more consideration to the constitutional question than I have, and I 1874. CONGR.ESSION.AL RECORD. 1837 know him to be a good ~onstitutionallawyer, I have cited here some It therefore becomes necessary to pass this act to remove that misap­ eiuhteen or twenty instances. Will he permit me to ask him under prehension. ;what specific clause of the Constitution it is that any one of these Now, sir, I have said that we believe in Pennsylvania that we are appropriations has been made, or whether he believes they are all national; we believe that we have the interests of the whole nation at violations of the Constitution Y heart as much as we have those of the State; and believing that, we do Mr. NORWOOD. I am not prepared just now to discuss t he ques­ not wish to see this exposition fail, either as a national or international tion. I wanted information from 1ihe Senator. If he can convince exposition. We desire to see, even if it puts us to some inconvenience, me that this can be done constitutionally, be it so. I do not say it that grand procession, which will be a landmark in the annals of the cannot be done; but I want more light on the subject. I may express nation, that marched forth with such majestic pace from the prolific a doubt as to the constitutionality of a great many of the laws which imagination of the Senator from Massachusett this morning. We he says have been passed for the purposes named by him. He and desire to see with them the second-class powers too-the dusky sons myself differ very largely as to the constitutional power of Congress. of Hayti we hope to see; the newly enfranchised race from the South He thought th111t Congress had the power to suspend the writ of habeas we hope to see. We hope to see them from aU lands and from all corpus at a certain time when I did not think it had the power at all, climes. We hope to be able to accommodate them in simple repub­ because the state of facts did not exist which warranted it. He be­ lican style; even if we do speak of republican principles, to do so not lieves in the power of Congress to pass the reconstruction acts, and offensively. We do not expect to bring our guests here and say, "Look a great many other acts which I do not believe Congres has the power at the result of our institutions, and be ashamed of your own." We to pass. But upon this point, which is a doubtful point, I want light do not expect from them any such narrow feeling, nor to exhibit it from him as to whether we have the constitutional power to vote ourselves. That feeling of hostility is not entertamed by the nations three or five or fifty millions for a centennial anniversary; and if we that we invite here. Why, sir, did I deem it appropriate, or were it do that, whether vre cannot vote a large amount for an annual cele­ proper for me to do so, I might say to the Senator from Massachusetts bration. that to talk about the incongruity of republican and monarchical Mr. SCOTT. There are certain ends and purposes in the Constitu­ nations, of the people of America and the people of Europe lpliting tion which Congress is authorized to promote. There are many of in an exhibition of art and industry, is an anachronism after th~ them. There is one very broad phrase, " the general welfare of the award at Geneva. people of the United States." I have already stated to him that this If there was rancor toward England following 1776 or 1812; if is one means of promotin;t their general :welfare, by cultivating their ~here was asperity felt by our own people after the late rebellion was taste for art, by promoting- industry, by encouraging competition in over, had ever nation better assur~nce that the Government was not the various manufacturing and industrial pursuits ; and if any one of hostile unto hatred Y What, sir, is the spectacle1 An army upon our these ends is within the power of Congress, Congress is the judge of soil at the close of the war, such as no civilized nation ever saw stand the means by which that end is to be promoted. upon the earth; a people smarting, for the time being, under the Mr. President, I am surprised that I have talked so long on this sense of violated national right; a leader at the head of that army subject. That I have done so is due very much to the many inter­ who commanded its confidence in as high a degree as was ever pos­ ruptions which have been made, though I do not complain of them, sessed by any of the great captains ,of the ~arth, and that leader for I desire the Senate to understand the subject. I have endeavored soon after our President. If we had been rancorous, and wished to to explain the origin of the bill, its history, its provisions, for the spring at the throat of the people of Epgland, l:).ll that was necessary purpose of showing that this is a great national and international was to say the word, and we could have had in a month a war such project. I have, I confess, sometimes been pained upon this floor as the world has never witne sed. But, sir, "Let us have peace," when gentlemen have spoken of it as a Pennsylvania project, as one were the words that rang throughout tills republican atmosphere. which the Senators from Pennsylvania were particularly interested Mr. CAMERON. I wish to interrupt my colleagrte. We all know in. I loo\ upon it, sir, a-s a great national project, and have been that he is not in very good health, and I do not want him to injure endeavoring to show that Congress has made it such, and to show, himself; therefore I will move that we go into executive session. moreover, that, if it fail as such, the skirts of Pennsylvania will be Mr. SCOTT. I shall finish in ten minutes; ~d would rather do sQ clear of the disgrace, if disgrace there be. I wish, as a Senator from than retain the floor. Pennsylvania, to have that understood. We have done all we ever Mr. CAMERON. Very well. promised to do. We have done a-s much as we were ever expected to Mr. SCOTT. I have said, sir, that if we had been disposed to be do. We have contributed more than the proportion which would be rancorous, then was the time when it would have manifested itself; allotted to us eitlier upon wealth or population. A panic has pre­ but after commissioners were appointed, and met and sat on the shore vented the success of this enterprise elsewhere; and if it is to fail, if of Lake Geneva, giving to that beauteous spot a new historic memory these invitations are to be recalled, if this humiliating explanation is that will eclipse all the great events that have transpired upon its to be made to the nations which have accepted them, then, sir, we shores after that tribunal sat,'an d there we buried deep in the bright shall wash our hands of the blame. But we do not wish even to be alpine waters the sword ; it is too late to talk about antagonism at considered selfish or prov4tcial to that extent. We trust we are the centennial exhibition between the monarchies of Europe and the national, and that we cherish the honor of the nation as dearly a-s we Republic of America. There is no such incongruity; they will not do the honor of Pennsylvania. make such a monstrosity as will cause one to die and the other to We have seen some things since the arrangements forthis centen­ follow in death like the Siamese twins, to repeat the Senator's simile. nial exhibition have been in progress that. make it dangerous to I trust that when we come to vote upon this bill we shall have the recede. I have been in meetings with men from Virginut, North emphatic indorsement of the American people, through their repre­ Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina, and Ma-ssachusetts, at some of sentatives, for this great international and national exhibition; and the meetings which have occurred with reference to this subject. The that through it the principles we purpose to commemorate will be sentiments which were brought forth by the communion, by the promoted, and will continue in undiminished prosperity our great interchange of thought between men from different sections of the nation, to stand up as a beacon-light to all the world after all of u Union, the warll\ blood which started in the veins of men from the who shall witness the glories of tne centennial year shall have been North and the South, the clasp of the hand with that cordiality of gathered to and minglea with our native dnst. old which sprang from the recollections •of that common Fourth of ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY. July, 1776-all tne e admonish us that when we propose to abandon either the national or the international character of this exhibition, Mr. STEWART. I move that when the SeJlate adjourns to-day, it we may abandon the best opportunity that will ever offer for effa{ling adjourn to meet on Monday next. the passions and the bitterness left by the war. It is just as neces­ The motion was agreed to. sary for an apprQpriation to make it national as it is to make it inter­ HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. national. It cannot proceed at present unless an appropriation is The following bills from the Honse of Representatives were sever­ made, even as a national exposition. ally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Mr. STEVENSON. Will the Senator froih Pennsylvania allow me Pensions: to ask him a question f A bill (H. R. No. 2213) granting a pension to Mrs. Cynthia McPher­ Mr. SCOTT. . Certainly. Bon, mother of the late General James B. McPherson; Mr. STEVENSON. If I understand the Senator he says that it A bill (H. R. 1-{o, 2209) granting a pension to. Louisa H. Canby, would be a disgrace to the Government if this appropriation is not widow of the late General, E. R. S. Canby; made, because, he says, invitations havealready beenextendedtofor­ A bill (H. R. No. 2'212) granting a pension to Mrs. Margaret S. eignnations to visit thfs international exhibition. Then what is the Meade, widow of Major-General George G. Meade; and use of this bill! This bill is but to authorize the President "to A bill (H. R. No. 64) restoring the pension of Frances C. Elliott, extend, in the name of the United States, a respectful and cordial widow of Commodore Je seD. Elliott, late of the United States Navy. invitation to the governments of other nations;" and if that has The following bills were severally read twice by their titles, and already been done, and the invitation has already been accepted, why referred to the Committee on Commerce : is it that this bill becomes necessary f A bill (H. R. No. 519) to grant an .American register to the Canadian Mr.SCOTT. I.am.veryunfortunateinnothavinghadtheattentionof tug Noah P. Sprague; and the Senator from Kentucky. He was out of his seat, I believe, when A bill (H. R. No; 2206) to grant an American register to the bark I read the acceptance of foreign nation in response to a supposed .A.zor. invitation, and read a communicartion of the Secretary of State, sent to The bill (H. R. No. 2208) authorizing the President to J;"einsta.te our foreign representatives, sta~~ t hat t hey misunderstood t he proc­ George M. Book on the active list of the Navy, was read twice by its lamation of the President when tney supposed it was an invitation. title, ~q refeqe4 to the Co~ttee on Naval A.ffaj.rs. 1838 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

ORDER OF BUSINESS. Mr. RANDALL. I call for the regular order. Mr. CAMERON and Mr. SARGENT claimed the floor. The SPEAKER. The regular order being called for, the morning Mr. CARPENTER. Will the Senators yield to me one momentY I hour now begins at twelve minutes after twelve o'clock; and the desire to say that on Monday next, after the expiration of the morn­ call of committees will be resumed for reportB of a private nature. ing hour and the disposition of this pending bill, if there should be J, SNOWDEN & SON. time I will ask the Senate to take up and consider the bill I intro­ duced for a new election in Louisiana, for the purpose of enabling me M:r. HAWLEY, of Illinois, reported back from the Committee on to submit a few remarks on that bill. Claims the bill (H. R. No. 10G2) referring the claims of J. Snow:den& Mr. WEST. Having in charge, by direction of the Committ.ee on Son to the Court of Claims, and moved that the same be referred to Appropriations, the Army appropriation bill as passed by the Hol+se the Committee on War Claims. of Representatives and reported by the committee, I shall feel it my The motion was agreed to. duty, whenever an opportunity offers, and at. the expirati~:m of .the CHARLES H. LADD. morning hour, to ask the Senate to take that bill under consideratiOn. Mr. HAWLEY, of Illinois, from the same committee, reported ba-ck Mr. CAMERON. Mr. President, I believe ! .had the floor. the petition of Charles H. Ladd, for compensation for use of real estate Mr. 3ARGENT. I wish to be recognizedashavingthefloor on this by t.he United States during the war, and moved that the same be centennial bill. referred to the Committee on War Claims. The PRESIDING O~'FICER, (Mr. ANTHONY in the chair.) The The motion was agreed to. Senator from Pennsylvania gave way to the Senator from Califofllia, that he might rise to be recognized to-morrow when this bill comes up. JOSEPH MONTANARI. Mr. SARGENT. I yield to the motion of the Senator from P~nn­ Mr. H.A.WLEY, of Illinois, from the same committee, reported back, sylvania. with a favorable recommendation, the bill (S. No. 311) for the relief EXECUTIVE SESSION. of Joseph Montanari, and for other purposes; which was referred to Mr. CAMERON. Feeling that this subject cannot be ended to-day, the Committee of the Whole on the Private Calendar. I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive P. HORNBROOK. business. The motion was agreed to; and the Senate proceeded to the consid­ Mr. HAMILTON, from the same commii tee, reported a bill (H. R. eration of executive business. After an hour spent in executive ses­ No. 2205) for the relief of P. Hornbrook; -.,.hich was read a first and sion the doors were reopened, and (at four o'clock and fifty minutes second time, and referred to the Committee of the Whole on the Pri­ p.m.) the Senate adjourned. vate Calendar. CANADIAN TUG NOAH P. SPRAGUE. Mr. WHEELER, from the Committee on Commerce, reported back, with a recommendation that it do pass, the bill (H. R. No. 519) to grant an American register to the Canadian tug Noah P. Sprague. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. The bill was read. It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the Trea-sury to issue an American register to the American-built Cana­ FRIDAY, February 21, ·1874. dian tug Noah P. Sprague, owned by Edward Evans, of Tonawanda, Niagara County, State of New York; the tug having been recently The House met at twelve o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. rebuilt in the city of Buffalo. J. G. BUTLER, D. D. The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read the The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. third time, and passed. PERSONAL EXPLANATIONS. Mr. WHEELER moved to reconsider the vot.e by which the bill was Mr. BECK. I desire to make a personal explanation. The gentle­ passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the man from New York [Mr. POTTER] notified me, yesterday morning, table. that he would be unavoidably absent, and desired that when the bill The latter motion was agreed to. for the restoration of the :franking privilege should be voted upon I BARK AZOR. should make that announcement. He made the same request of one of his colleagues, who, when the vote was taken, thought that I had Mr. HOOPER, from the same committee, reported a bill (H. R. No. made the announcement while I thought he had done so. In this 2206) to grant an American register to the bark Azor; which was way we both neglected the matter. I make this statement in justice read a first and second time. to the gentleman from New York. • The bill authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to issue an Amer­ ican re!rister to the bark Azor, an American-built'vessel, employed as Mr. G. F. HOAR. I a~ reported as sayingyesterday that the school teachers of this District have not been paid for twelve months. a pack~t between the island of Fayal and the United States, which I said they had not been paid for many months. had been transferred to a British subject in 1863, and retransfened to the heirs of Charles W. Dabney, late consul of the United States in DUTIES 0N IMPORTS, ETC. the island of Fayal. Mr. HUBBELL, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. The bill was ordered to be engros ed and read a third time; and 2203) to amend the act entitled "An act to reduce duties on imports being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and passed. and to reduce internal taxes, and for other purposes," approved June Mr. HOOPER moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was 6, 1872; which was read a first and second time, referred to the Com­ passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the mittee. on Ways and Means, and ordered to be printed. table. DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS. The latter motion was agreed to. Mr. TYNER. I rise to enter a motion to reconsider the vote bywhich LEASING MARINE HOSPITAL AT CLEVELAND. the House yesterday refused to pass House bill No. 825, in relation Mr. PARSONS. Mr. Speaker, I am instructed unanimously by the to the distribution of public documents. If the Housewill bearwith Committee on Commerce to report back a bill (H. R. No. 1927) au­ me a moment, I will say that after awhile, when the seats here shall thorizing the lease of the marine hospital and grounds at Cleveland, be full, I will call up this motion; my purpose being, if the motion Ohio, to the city of Cleveland, with the recommendation'that it do to reconsider shall prevail, to move the recommitment of the bill to pass; and I would like to know whether I can have unanimous con­ the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads, with instructions sent to make that report under the present call. to report back only the third section-that relating to the free circu­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection to tha\ bill being considered in lation of newspapers in the county of their publication and free ex­ the House to-day Y changes between publishers. Mr. ALBRIGHT. I object. Mr. SHANKS. Will that question be debatable f The SPEAKER. It will. W. H. M'KINNEY. Mr. SHANKS. Very well. Mr. HAYS, from the Committee on Agriculture: made an adverso EXECUTION OF THE LAWB IN UTAH. report on the petition of W. H. McKinney; which was laid upon the Mr. McKEE, by unanimous consent, reported from• the Committee table, and ordered to be printed. on the Territories a bill (H. R. No. 2204) concerning the execution of the EXCHANGE OF COTTON-SEED WITH EGYPT. laws in the Territory of Utah, and for other purposes; which was Mr. HAYS also, from the same committee, ·reported back adversely read a first and second time, ordered to be printed, and recommitte~, a joint resolution (H. R. No. 40) relative to the exchange of the seed not to be brought back on a motion to reconsider. of the cotton-plant between this Government and the Khedive of ORDER OF BUSINESS. Egypt; which was laid upon the table, and the report ordered to be Mr. PARSONS. I desire to present a unanimous report from the printed. • Committee on Commerce, the consideration of which will take us but CREDITORS OF THE SIOUX INDIANS. a few moments. The measure is one of very great importance to my :J\fr. LAWSON, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported back constituents; and as the spring is approa-ching, the bill, if passed at a bill (H. R. No. 420) to authorize the Secretary of the Interior to dis­ all, should be passed promptly. charge certain obligations of the United States to the creditors of Mr. RANDALL. I call for the regular order. the Upper and Lower bands of Sioux Indians; with the unanimous Mr. PARSONS. I hope my friend from Pennsylvania [Mr. RAN­ recommendation that it do pass. DALL] will not object to. this. The bill was referred to tb.~ Qq~'Vte~ of t4e ~ol~ Rouse on tha 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD .. 1839

Private Calendar, and the accompanying report was ordered to be Mr. McJUNKIN. I move that the bill be referred to the Commit­ printed. tee of the Whole on the Private CalendaJ:". ROBERT BENT AND JACK SMITH. Mr. MAYNARD. This bill is a very peculiar one. The claim for a Mr. RAINEY, from the Committee on Indian Affairs, reported back pension rests on a very high order of merit. And I would suggest a bill (S. No. 204) for the relief of Robert Bent and Jack Smith, with that by unanimous con ent it should now be put upon its passage. sundry amendments. 1\Ir. COBURN. Let it be read. The bill and amendments were Qrdered to be printed and referred The bill was read. It authorizes and direct the Secretary of the to the Committee of the Whole House on the Private Calendar. Interior to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and limit­ ations of the pension laws, the name of Mrs. Louisa H. Canby, widow of JAMES M. TRUE. Edward R. S. Canby, late brigadier-general United StatesArmy, and Mr. GUNCKEL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported a pay her a pension.at the rate of fifty dollarspermonthfromandafter bill (H. R. No. 2207) for the relief of James 1\f. True, late colonel of the passage of this act. the Sixty-second. Illinois Volunteer Infantry; which was read a first The SPEAKER. If there be no objection the bill may be considered and second time, referred to the Committee of the Whole House on in the House. The Chair hears none. · the Private Calendar, and ordered to be printed. The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time; and PROMOTION IN INSPECTOR-GENERAL'S DEPARTME..''{T. being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and passed. Mr. YOUNG, of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I am instructed by the Com­ Mr. McJUNKIN moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill mittee on Military Affairs to report ba{}k a bill (H. R. No. 2131) to au­ was pa sed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on thorize a promotion in the Inspector-General's Department of the Army the table. ofthe United States, with the recommendation that it do pass. I move The latter motion was agreed to. that it be referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the Pri­ MRS. MARGARETTA S. MEADE. vate Calendar. 1\Ir. McJUNKIN also, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks it should go to the Committee of reported a bill (H. R. No. 2212) granting a pension to Mrs. Margaretta the Whole on the state of the Union, as it is a public bill. S. Meade, widow of Major-General George G. Meade; which was read 1\Ir. YOUNG, of Georgia. It provides for the promotion only of a a first and second time. single person~ Mr. McJUNKIN. I ask that that bill be a{}ted on now. The SPEAKER. It is then a private bill. Mr. MYERS. I presented a bill granting a pension to Mrs. Meade, The bill was referred to the Committee of the Whole House on the widow of Major-General George G. Meade, and I do not desire that Private Calendar. bill to be acted upon now. If no more than the pension allowed in J. B. DENNIS. thi~ bill can be given to the widow of General Meade, I wish at the Mr. ALBRIGHT, from the Committee on Military Affairs, moved proper time to w ithdraw the request for a pension. I desire that the that the committee be discharged from the further consideration of bill may go to the Committee of the Whole on the Private Calendar, the petition of J. B. Dennis, and that the same be referred to the Com­ and I shall there propose to insert a larger sum. mittee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. COBURN. What is the sum in the billY The motion was agreed to. Mr. MYERS. Fifty dollars. THOMAS GALLOWAY. The SPEAKER. The bill can be amended in the House, if it is considered in the House. 1\Ir. MAcDOUGALL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, moved Mr. MYERS. I should be better prepared to discuss the matter in that that committee be discharged from the further consideration of committee. But if the Committee on Invalid PeliSions is unanimously the memorial of Thomas Galloway, late captain of Company C, First in favor of only :fifty dollars a month, perhaps I should meet their Maryland Volunteer Cavalry; and that the same be referred to the opposition at this time. I wish to know if the gentleman from Penn­ Committee on Invalid Pensions. sylvania [}.fr. McJUNKIN] is authorized in any way by the commit- GEORGE M. BOOK, UNITED STATES NAVY. tee to support a larger sum. . Mr. SCOFIELD, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, reported Mr. McJUNKIN. I would admit my colleague's amendment to the ba{}k a bill (H. R. No. 220 ) authorizing the President to reinstate bill. George M. Book on the active list of the Navy; which was read a first Mr. MYERS. I ask that the bill be recommitted to the Committee and second time. on Invalid Pensions, that I may be heard before them. The bill, which was read, authorizes the Pre irlent of the United Mr. R SK. For what reason does the gentleman desire to have the States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to reinstate bill recommitted Y George M. Book on the active list of the N avy, provided he shall have Mr. MYERS. I am willing that the bill should go to the Committee first successfully passed the examinations provided for in the first, of the Whole on the Private Ca.lendar. second, third, and fourth sections of the act entitled "An act to amend 1\Ir. HOLMAN. Let the bill be read. an act entitled 'An act to establish and equalize the grade of line The bill was read. It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the officers of the United States Navy,'" approvedApril21, 1864. Interior to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time; and limitations of the pension law, the name of Mrs. Mar~aretta S. Meade, being engrossed, it was accordin~ly read the third time, and passed. widow of Major-General George G. Meade, of the Uruted States Army, . 1\Ir. SENER moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was and pay her a pension at the rate of fifty dollars per month from and passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid after the passage of this act. on the table. Mr. MYERS. I ask that the bill be recommitted to the Committee The latter motion was agreed to. on Invalid Pensions. I do not think that this morning I should be BECK & WIRTH. able to get the larger amount which I desire adopted, on behalf of the family, as well as, I think, in accordance with what would be the Mr. DUNNELL. Not having been in my seat when theCommittee wishes of the whole people of the United States. on Claims was called, I desire now to report from that committee a Mr. COBURN. If this bill is to be recommitted, I will move to re­ bill for the relief of Beck & Wirth. consider the vote by which the bill granting a pension to Mrs. Canby There was no objection, and the bill (H. R. No. 2211) was read a was passed, that it may also be recorm:ilitted. first and second time, referred, with the a{}companying papers, to the Committee of the Whole on the Private Calendar. and ordered to be MRS. LOUISA H. CANBY. printed. The SPEAKER. If there be no objection the pending bill will be MARINE HOSPITAL AT CLEVELAND. recommitted to the Committee on Invalid P ensions. And the gentle­ Mr. PARSONS. I ask unaninious consent to report, from the Com­ man from Indiana [Mr. COBURN] moves to reconsider the vote where­ miitee on Commerce, a bill (H. R. No. 2210) authorizing the lease of by the House passed the bill granting a pension to the widow of the maxjne hospital and grounds at Cleveland, Ohio, to the city of General Canby, with a view to its being sent to the Committee on Cleveland, for hospital purposes, that it may go to the Committee of Invalid Pensions. the Whole on the Private Calendar. It is reported unanimously by Mr. RUSK. Before these bills are recommitted I would like to have the committee. instructions from the House whether they desire the Committee on Mr. COBURN. I object to the reference to the Committee of the Invalid Pensions to increa e the pensions granted by the bills, as re­ Whole on the Private Calendar. This is a public building, and the bill ported, to these applicants. should go to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Mr. COBURN. I would prefer that the bill should go to the Com­ The SPEAKE.R. The objection is well taken. The bill will go to mittee of the Whole on the Private Calendar. the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Mr. RUSK. The committee are unanimous in regard to all of these Mr. PARSONS. That is perfectly satisfa{}tory to me. cases. There are but four of this character, requiring the highest grade The bill, having been read a first and second time, was accordingly of pension, to which the committee have agreed. If it is thought referred to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, proper to increase the amount, it would be well for the House to so and, with the a{}companying papers, ordered to be printed. instruct the committee. I will the.refore ask that the committee may be instructed by a vote of the Hollse on this subject; otherwise we MRS. LOUISA H. CANBY. will not know whether to reverse our a{}tiou or not. Mr. McJUNKIN, from the Committee on Invalid Pensions, reported 1\Ir. MAYNARD. I would s~ru\:tthatsome gentleman had better a bill (H. R. No. 2209) granting a pension to Louisa H. Canby, widow of name an amount which he t · will ·be commensurate with the the late General E. R: S. Canby; which was read a first and second time. services of the . officer. - · ' 1840 CONG~ESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

Mr. COBURN. I will move to instruct the committee to report a Mr. COBURN. That is why I say that the widow of this officer bill fixing the pension of Mrs. Canby at 100 per month. Upon that I is more entitled to a pension than the widow of a. sold1er or officer wish to say only this. The duty which General Canby performed in who lost his life in the discharge of ordinary military duty. the Modoc war was one of a very peculiar character ; not the ordinary Mr. SHANKS. But I insist that General Canby was not accountable duty of an officer or soldier, but something more. Upon that occa­ to the Department here. The Department had submitted the whole sion he represented the entire Government-not only theWar Depart­ matter to his hands; he was not controlled by the Department. ment, but the Department of the Interior. He went out contrary to Mr. MAYNARP. It is unnecessary to say either to the House or his own judgment to make these negotiations, fully aware of the the country that General Ca,nby was a brave soldier, a Christian gen­ danger of the critical duty he .was performing; and there is no pM­ tleman, a humane and good man. That fact has passed into the allel instance in the history of this country with that of General Canby, history of the country. The only question we now have to consider or indeed in history. In his conduct, his responsibility, his faithful is whether the motion of the &'entleman from Indiana [Mr. CoBURN] discharge of perilous duty, and his death, he stands alone. He acted proposes anything more than IS commensurate with the estimate in under the authority of the Inte1·ior Department as well as of the War which the character and services of General Canby are held. Department, and contrary to his better judgment as an officer of the .Mr. FOSTER. Before the question is put upon this proposition, I Army. His life was lost no doubt because of his earnest, honest, and desire to say that tllis bill will be followed by one proyjding a pen­ most honorable effort to carry out what has been properly termed t.he sion for Mrs. McPherson, the mother of Major-General McPherson. I peace policy of the Government in relation to the Indians. What he desire to say that I consider the latter case equally meritorious with did he did ill the interest of humanity and mercy, and outside of this; and shall move a similar amendment if the pending amendment his ordinary duty as an officer clothed with military power to compel should prevail. obedience by force. And in losing his life for the Government, for .M:r. SCOFIELD. During the last Congress we voted to the widow the peace of the country, and for what most of us conceive to be a great of Admiral Farragut (the case having been considered by the Com­ and wise policy, his widow, who is poor, who during his life regularly mittee on Naval Affairs) a pension of $2,000 a year. I only remind expended in charities the little surplus he may have had, should now the House of this fact. :receive something more than the ordinary pension accorded to widows !.fr. WILLARD, of Vermont. Mr. Speaker, it is probably an un­ of officers. Her case is not one of a widow whose husband died after gracious office for me to interpose any obstacle to the adoption of the a long and faithful service, or even of one who had been slain on the proposition now pending; yet it occurs to me that this is not pre­ fi~ld o~ battle in the line of duty, but one discharging a greater, more cisely the way in which our pension lists should be increased. We onerous, more dangerous, and more delicate duty. have general classes o::ll pensioners. I understand this to be a propo­ }:(r. MYERS. I do not need to speak before this House of the serv­ sition to make an exceptional pension for the widow of General Canby. ices of General Meade, nor to refer to him as the hero of the battle of Now, sir, I have no doubt that the widow of General Canby is entitled Gettysburgh. to as lar~e a pension as the widow of any other officer who haa given Mr. MAYNARD. Allow me to conclude what I have to say on this his life rn the service of his country. General Canby was a brave subject. soldier. Even before he was sent to protect the interests of the Mr. MYERS. I believe I am entitled to the floor. United States against the Indians he had rendered most gallant serv­ · Mr. MAYNARD. The ease of the widow of GeneraJ Canby is the ice to the country. He on various occasions proved his patriotism o!}e be~ore the I{ouse. After we have disposed of that, then we can by the highest achievements in the power of any man to accomplish ; take up the case of the widow of General Meade. and his widow is entitled to the same degree of consideration here as · What I was about to remark was this: when I asked the consent of the widow of any officer holding an equal rank in the Army. the House to act upon the bill for the relief of Mrs. Canby it was I am not sayin~ that $100 or $200 or $500 a month is too large a witho"Q.t any knowledge of the amount of pension fixed by the com­ pension for the w1dow of an officer holding the position that General mittee. I wished we should act upon it upon the principle of bis dat Canby held in the Army of the United States, and who lost· his life qui cito dat. I see no reason why we should commit this bill to the in the servict3 of his country. But I do say, Mr. Speaker, that the Committee on Invalid Pensions. The House has the whole subject Congress of the United States ought to fix by law the pension appli­ now before it, and if it agree with what has been said by the gentle­ cable to any given rank in the service; and when an officer holding man from Indiana, [Mr. CoBURN,] and I most certainly do, then, hav­ that rauk loses his life, his widow should stand precisely on an equal­ ing by unanimous consent reconsidered our action in passing the bill, ity. with the widow of every other officer holding similar rank. all that is necessary is to increase the pension from fifty dollars a 1t would be a very invidious distinction to propose here that the month to $100 a month. If the House are willing to adopt that amend­ widow of one private soldier should receive a pension of fifteen, ment, as I have no doubt it is, it can be passed in that shape here and twenty, or thirty dollars a month, while the widow of another private now. I trust that direction will be followed, and then we can take soldier should receive forty, fifty, or one hundred dollars a month. up the case of Mrs. Meade. We bold that the life of one man is equally valuable with that of The SPEAKER. The Chair regards the bill for the relief of Mrs. another when we come to estimate it here by dollars and cents in the Canby as the one now pending, and it is open to amendment. ·granting of pensions. Upon this principle, for every disability of a Mr. COBURN. I move to amend the bill so as to increase the pen­ certain class incurred by any private soldier, no matter whether he was sion to $100 per month. especially distinguished for bravery or not, we vote a fixed rate of pen­ Mr. SHANKS. I wish simply to make a correction in regard to a sion, which is given to every private soldier suffering similar disability. ma,tter of ~act in connection with a statement made by my colleague, In the same way we should give to the widow of every officer the same [Mr. CoBURN.] General Canby is entitled to all the commendation pension that we grant to the widow of another officer of similar rank. that has been or can be given by any one here. I do not oppose this Hen,ce it occurs to me that it would be the wisest course to let this measure for the relief of his widow; but General Canby was not act­ bill be recommitted, for this purpose if for no other : that a bill may ing at that time lmder the Interior Department. That Department be reported fixing the pension that shall be applicable to any partic­ did not in any particular control him; but, upon the contrary, its ular rank in the service. Whatever the amount that may be fixed agents and officers sent out there were, by letter from the Secretary for any particular rank, whether fifty or seventy-five or one hundred of the Interior, in repeated words, ordered to obey General Canby, and dollars a. month, let all pensioners in similar cases come in upon an not to interfere with the military at all. General Canby, however, equality. was there in the discharge of his duties as his judgment dictated, and It has been suggested here tb3t the mother of General McPherson I believe all should be done for his widow that can be done ; for the is entitled to consideration from this House. I agree to that ; but worth of the officer justifies all that can be done. But justice to the I hold at the same time that all who may come in under our pension fact~ oi history, to the truth of the record, to the peace policy of the laws should be put upon the list for an amount graduated according Government, requires me to say that it is not correct that General to the rank in the service of the person on aecount of whom the pen­ Canby was controlled in any way except by military authority and sion is granted. If we establish such a rule, we do not need to con­ his own judgment aa a. military officer. sider the merits of each individual case. The widow of General Mr. COBURN. I have in my possession the orders and telegrams Canby has lost her husband; but so has the widow of every soldier not only from the War Department, but from the Interior Depart­ who gave his life in the service of the country. Whether that serv­ ment, in connection with this whole unfortunate matter. General ice was rendered on the plains and he fell by the arrows or bullets Canby had intrusijed· to him not only the orders of the War Depart­ of the Indians, or was rendered in the southern country during the ment, but the entire discretion of the Interior Department, the entire late rebellion, or wherever it was rendered, the widow has lost her management of what has been termed the peace policy in that mat­ husband, and is entitled to the pension which should be provided f.or ter. I have not said that he was trammeled by any orders from the the rank her husband held at the time in the Army. It seems to me Department of the Interior, but I do say that he had lodged in him the Committee on Invalid Pensions is abundantly able to consider in managing that matter the entire discretion of the Government ; what pension is to be granted to each grade of rank. that the duty be performed was over and apove and outside of any Mr. RUSK. I wish to say for the benefit of the gentleman that duty t.hat he was required to perform as a. military man. In that the Committee on Invalid Pensions have carefully considered the view of the case his services were greater and his merit was more matter, and have agreed to report a bill granting a pension of fifty conapieuous than it otherwise would have been. He nobly took the dollars in each of these four ca.ses. They have placed these folll' now whole-res{)onsibility reposed in hfm by every branch of the Govern­ bein~ considered on that list, granting the highest pension. If the ment, and fell, at the post of duty, a victim to his devotion to the pub- pens1on in these cases be raised from fifty to one hundred dollars, lic w~lfare. . there will not only be hundreds but thousands of widows whose pen­ Mft, SHA.llKS. That is tru~ sions will also have to be raifl~4 : ~erefo~e tf tl}.e ~Q'IlBe l'ecommits 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1841

this bill with instructions to raise this pension, we will feel compelled Mr . .MYERS. I move to amend by striking ont "fifty" and insei-t­ to report to the House a general bill raising all the pensions of the ing "one hundred," f?O that the pension shall be 100 per mon,th. The same grade. gentleman from Georgia [Mr. YOUNG] desires to say a few words, and Mr. COBURN. I ask now that the testimony of General Sher­ I yield to him for that pnrpo e. man before t)lo Committee on Military Affairs in relation to the status Mr. YOUNG, of Georgia. I hope this bill will pass. General Meade of General Canby in this affair with the Modoc Indians be read, and has served the Government for over thirty years: and I may say with also the orders of General Sherman and the telegram of Mr. Delano, honor to himself and credit to the country. From the year 1835 he Secretary of the Interior. served with distinction in the Corps of Engineers up to the beginning The Clerk read as follows : of the late war. His history is too well known in that war to be com­ General SHERMAN. General Canby was one of those singularly cautions, con­ mented on by me now. Bnt no man who did not serve in the ...army scientioM men who are not so common now as they used to be. He looked upon it in which I had the honor to serve during •he despera.te campaign of as his dnty to fulfill tho orders, and the spirit of the orders, coming tQ him from Gettyslmrgh can appreciate the vigor and ability with which he the highest, or from any snpe1·ior authority. General Schofield was in supreme com­ his maml of the raci1ic division, embracing California and Oregon, but be had gone, handled army on that great occasion, and during that entire cam­ for the benefit of his health, to the Sandwich L'\laiids, leaving General Canby in paign. He took command of the Army of the Pot{)mac when it was Oregon temporarily in command of the whole division of the Pacific. He made partially demoralized by many defeats, and by his energy, courage, himseif familiar, as rapidly a.'J be could~ with the interests of all parts. .About and ability brought it to that state of efficiency which enabled it to this time this Modoc matter, on the boruers of Oregoaand California, had beaun to grow into a smious matter; telegrams came t() Washington, and, instead ofat. achieve a victory .to whlch yon probably owe the safety of your cap­ tacking these Indians in position, orcommanders this measure of gratitude and justice is given. the War Department or otherwise, inlmediately on his action. You will please in­ We gladly give pensions to the families of private soldiers a.Jl.d sailors. form General Canby of the substance of this letter, provided you are willing to Day by day we rememba- them ancl prove that the conn try is ~at-eful allow him to nse the discretion and ex rcise the pQwers which are hereby conferred upon him with your approb&tion. for their services. Let the many sills on our table which will pa s Very respectfully, your obedient servant, this very day answer those who interpose these just claims as an C. DELANO, Secretary. objection to a case like this. Let ns in this instance do a small par& The question recurred on the amendment of Mr. CoBURN. at least of what is just. We granted the widow of Admiral Farra{mt T?e House divided; and there were-ayes 54, noes 69; no quorum a pension of $2,000 a year; and I desired that as much should be gi~en votmg. to the widow of General Meade; bnt in view of the opposition on this Tellers were ordered ; and Mr. COBURN and Mr. RusK were ap­ floor, and particuL'lily in the Senate, to the grant of large pensions in pointed.. other distinguished case , my propo ition now is to amend the bill by · The Ho11se again divided; and the tellers reported-ayes 64, noes making the snm for Mrs. Meade merely 100 per month. The gentleman 103. from Georgia, [Mr. YOUNG,] who was a leader in the opposing armies, So the amendment was rejected. lends his voice to my request. Let ns do this act gracefnlly, and, I Mr. CLEMENTS. I would h1re to inquire what necessity there is hope, unanimously. for the passa~e of this bill. Cannot this lady obtain a pension nuder The question being pnt on the amendment proposed by Mr. MYERS, existing pens10n laws! there were-ayes 41, noes not counted. l\lr. RUSK. That ha been ah'eady explained to the Honse, as the Mr. MYER&. · I call for the yeas and nays. gentleman would know if he had listened to the debat-e which has Mr. PAGE. I a.ak that the bill may again -be reported. taken pla-ce. The law grants her a pension of thirty dollars a month, The SPEAKER. The bill proposes to give a pension of :ftfty dol­ bnt the committee have raised the pension to :fifty dollars a.monthin lars a month to the widow of Major-General Meade. The amend­ the pending four cases. The motion pending was to raise that pen­ ment proposes to ~ive $100 a month. sion, in the case oi Mrs. Canliy, to 100 a month. That amendment The question bern~ put on ordering t.he yeas and nays, there were­ has been voted down. The committee has recommended the highest ayes 12; not a suffiCient number. pension granted in like cases. · So the yeas and nays were not ordered, and the ·amendment was l\lr. C~l\IENTS. I cannot see any necessity for such legislation. not agreed to. The bill was ordered be engrossed and read a third time; and 'Fhe bill was or~ered to be ~grossed and re.ad a third time; and to beJng engrossed, 1t was accordingly read the third time, and passed. being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and passed. Mr. McJUNKIN moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill ~I~ McJUNKIN moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed. ; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on was passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the table. the table. The latter motion was agreed to. The latter motion was agreed to. MRS. MARGARETTA S. MEADE. DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS, ETC. The SPEAKER. The next bill agreed to be considered in the Honse l\lr. TYNER. The morning hour having expired, I desire to make is tho bill (H. R. No. 2212) granting a penSion to .Mrs. Margaretta S. a statement to the Honse. I entered a motion this morning immedi­ Meade, widow of Major-General George G. Meade. ately after the reading of the Journal, to 1-econsiderthe yote'bywhich 116 1842 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27; the House refused yesterda:y to pass the bill H. R. No. 825. After Navy. He was a gallant officer in that Navy, aucl rendered. distin­ thinking the matter over more fully, and taking some counsel with guished services at the battle of Lake Erie, and for a number of years friends on the subject, I have concluded to withdraw t~at motion for was employed in important service by the Government. He died about reconsideration, and give notice.ii? the Houseth~t ~Will, on Mol?-d~y 1850, and this lady wa-s granted a pension of :fifty dollat"B a month. next if I can obtain the recogrution of the Chru.r, mtroduce a b1ll rn She enjoyed that pension until the pa age of the acts of 1866 and regafd to the free circulation of weekly newspapers, and press it to a 1868 disrating pensions from fifty t.o thirty dollars per month ; and. passage under a motion to suspend the rules. since tnat time she has been paid a pension at the rate of thirty dol­ lars per month. She is now eighty-three years of age, blind, in indi­ ORDER OF BUSINESS. gent circumstances, and dependent entirely upon her pension for her Mr. RUSK. There are still two bills in the hands of the gentleman support. She is really in necessitous circumsta,nces. As her a.dvancetl from Pennsylvania [Mr. McJ~] of the same class and the same age renders it very improbable that she will long survive, it woul

r . ELIZABETH HACKELMAN. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. Mr. SMALL, from the same committee, reported back a bill (H. R. A message was received from the Senate, by :Mr. SYMPsox, one of No. 1832) granting a pension to Elizabeth Hackelman; which was its clerks, notifying the House that that body had passed bills of the referretl to the Committee of the Whole on the Private Calendar. ' House of the following titles, without amendment: . An act (H. R. No. 253) for the relief of Thomas Hillhouse, treasurer CORNELIA. A. WASHBUR...~. of the United States in the city of New York; Mr. SMALL also, from the same. committee, reported a. bill (H. R. An arter. Many officers of tho regiment, from mediately 1·eturned to his command at Louisville, Kentucky, on the tho lieutenant-colonel down, join in giving him the name of a gf\llant, kuo soldier; say that his absence was evidently intended to be only temporary, and unite in the very day his company were mustered for discharge ; that his captain petition for his full relief. - applied for his honorable discharge, which was refused by the mus­ The committee therefore report the accompanying substitute for tho bill referred~ tering officer. The soldier swears he never attempted. nor intended givin~ this soldier full pay (less his time of absence) and bounty, and recommena to de ert ; and his captain gives him the honorable name of a good, that it; do pass. true, faithful soldier, with this single exception. The bill was laid aside, to be favorably reported to the House. A bill for his relief passed the Honse of the last Congress, probably Sil\:lEON J, THOMPSON. failing for want of time for consideration in the Senate. The next business on the Private Calenclar wa.s the bill (H. R. No. The committee report the bill again to the Honse, with the recom­ 133) for the relief of Simeon J. Thompson, late an acting second lieu­ menER BURTCH. The bill was laid aside, to be reported to the House with the recom­ The next business on the Pdva te Calenclar was a bill (H. R. No. 1313) mendation th11t it do not pass. for the relief of Alexander Burtch. SUPPLIES TO KANSAS INDIANS. The bill, which was read, provides that the Adjutant-General of The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. the Army is thereby authorized and directed. to change the recordo f 1:tn) for theTelffif of Joab Spencer and James R. Mead, for supplies desertion against Alexander Burtch, late veteran soldier of Company furnished the Kansas tribe of Indians. - H, First Iniliana Heavy Artillery, formerly T\yenty-first Indiana In­ The bill was rea

' 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1845

The Commissioner of Indian Affairs, in a report upon the case, says: "From the The report wa.s read, as follows: papers presentetl in the claim I am satisfied that the articles named in the account The Committee on Military Affairs, to whom was referred the bill for the relief were actually furnished, and that the claimant , Mes rs. Spencer & Mead, ha.ve a of Pat. Hawe , late second lieutenant Forty-fifth Regiment Kentucky Infantry, jlli!t claim for the amount thereof, and should bo paid." 0. be"" leave to report as follows~ The committee are of the opinion that the correctness andjnstice of the account Bn the 26th of .August, 1863, Lieutenant Pat. 0. Hawes was captain of Company are fully established by unquestionable proofs~ and that payment should be made and in F, Fourteenth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, resigned for thepnrposeof assist­ as proVIded the bill. It appears that the lanus in Kansas reserved for these Indi­ in~ in recruiting and or!miJizing the Forty-fifth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, and ans, being over one hundred and seventeen thousand acres, are being sold for thoir With a view of securing the majority of said regi:m nt. On the 6th of September, 1863, benefit nuder an act of Congre s of 1872. from which an ample fund will be ~lerived he wa.s commissioned; mustered into the Unit~d States service with the rank of ftJr the subsistence and civilization of these Iniliaus, and to pay all their obliga­ secomllieutenant in said Forty-fifth Regiment, to date from the 25th of September; tions; and the effect of this bill will bo to enable payment to be made of this claim said muster was made September 30. out of the funds of the Indian.~, and as requested by themselves. He was mustered into the service for one year, unless sooner discharged. It The committeerecommend that the bill do pass. appears that after the regiment was full, the colonel of it refused to assign Lien· The bill was laid aside, to be reported favorably t.o the House. tenant Hawes to a company, or give him any appointment in the regiment, and thus he became a supernumerary. On the 6th of November, 1863, Lieut~nant Hawes J Al'>IES L. JOH...~SON. tender¢ his resignation, which was finally accepted, and muster-in canceled on The next busines on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. January 2;!, 1864. From all the evidence before the committee, it is clear that Lieu­ 1924) for the relief of James L. Johnson, surviving partner of Beck tenant Hawes entered the s rvice in good faith, performed military duty pertaining to the or~nization of his regiment until he was relieved, and it is, therefore, the & Johnson, authorizing payment for Indian depredations. opinion ot the committee that he is entitled to relief, and report the accompanying Mr. CO::\UNGO. I ask that the bill be passed over for the present. aJDended bill. The bill waa passed over. The bill was laid aside, to be reported favorably to the House. JAMES PRESTON BECK. WILLIAM J. SCOTT. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1925) for the relief of James Preston Beck, administrator of Preston 1935) for lhe relief of William J. Scott, late aid-de-camp on the staff Beck, jr:.z_ deceased, authorizing payment for Indian depretlations. of ~General Spears. Mr. CuMINGO. I ask that that bill also be passed over for the The bill wa~ read. It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the present. Treasury to pay to William J. Scott the pay and emoluments of an aiel­ The bill was passed over. de-camp with the- rank of first lieutenant, from the 21st day of May, STI..OliiA DECK. 1862, to the 30th day of October, 1862, deducting what pay, if any:, The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. he may have received as an aid-de-camp on the staff of Brigadier­ 980) for the relief of Siloma Deck. General James G. Spears. The bill was read. It authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury to The report wa-s read, as follows : audit and settle the loss sustained by Mrs. Siloma Deck, in the year The Committee on Military .Affairs, to whom was referred the petition of William 1862, by depredations committed by the Sioux Indians in Minne ota; J". Scott, late a first lieutenant and aid-de-camp on the staff of BriJ_adier-General and he is thereby an~horized to pa~r, from any money in the ~'l:ea nry ~bm.report favorably as follows, and recommend the pa sage of e accompany- not otherwise appropriated, such a sum aa be shall t~ right anu ~Villiam J". &.ott was appointed aid-de-camp on the staff of Brigadier-General proper, not exceeding the sum of $1,095.37; which settlement shall be Spears by the following order : in full for all claims arising from such depredations. . [Special Orders, No. 71.) Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I call for the reading of the report. HEADQUARTEBS T\VID.'TY·FIFrH BRIGADE, .ARMY oF THE Omo, The report was read, as follows : · Oamp Pine-Knot, May 21, 1862. The Committee on Indian A.ffuin!, to whom was referred the bill (R. R. No. 980) The general commanding hereby appoints William J". Scott aid-de-camp on his for the relief of Siloma Deck, having considered the same, make the following st.aff in place of William R. Tracy, resigned. report: By order of Brigadier-General Spears. . The claimant is the widow of Philip H. Deck, late a citizen of Meeker County, D. C. TREWHITT, Minnesota, who was killed by the Siou.~ Indians in the massacre of 1862. .At the time of the Indian outbreak she was li·dng with her hlli!baml and family at Ma· Assistant Adjutant-General. nanah, Minnesota., who were possessed of a farm, dwellin~-honse, furniture, and It is clearly shown by the affidavit of the officers who served with him, and by farm products. On account of the outbreak tho family were compelled to remove the statement of said Scott that he served during the full time from May 21 to suddenly to Forest City, and in attempting t() return to their homC', to saYe the prop­ October 30, upon which day he resigned becalli!e he could not be dnly mustered as erty, the husband was killed, and the property was taken and destroyed by the a lieutenant and aid-de-camp. .All evidence produced in this case shows the said Sioux Indians. Scott to have been a brave aml gallant officer. The committee therefore recom· The claimant was then aided to go to the State of New York, whence she returned mentl that he be paid the full pay and emoluments of a first lieutenant from May to her home in Minnesota in 1865. In the mean time coUllllissioners had been ap­ 21, 1862, to October 30, 1862. · pointed and appropriations mrul by the General Government to au e concurred in the propriety of recommending that sum, though the claim- and clirects the proper accounting officer of the Trea~ury to allow ~~e~a~ef~~ed~irJ:~~.!ri~ ~~h~0!~e ~!:~tn~~rd~~b~d~1.~~i:~tt!~{'2t!"t~ anu pay to said Dewight Desilva all arrears of pay due him at the one of extreme hardship, and the claima.nt altogether worthy of relief. Since her time of his absenting himself from his regiment and all veteran return to her home she has kept her premises by her persoD.al toil, but has been bounty, the same as if he had been honorably discharged at the end unable to make improvements, whilo others have received indemnity from the Gov­ of his term of service. ernment. It does not seem, therefore, to be injudicious or wasteful to recommend the limited relief provided fm· in this bill. The report was read, as follows: The commi~ report it back and recommend its pa sage. Tho Committee on Military .Affairs, to whom was referred the ca.so of Dewight De ilva, report favorably the accompanying bill, and ask its passage : Mr. WILLARD, of Vermont. I have no objection to this bill being Dewight D sil>aenlisted on the 21st day of August, 1861, in Company F, Fifty-sixth considered if debate is in order; but I do. not wish it to be reported R~giment New York State Volunteers, and served faithfully until the 20th day of December, 1 64, re-enlisting with his re~enton the 20th of Febrnarv, 1864. He was without debate. given a pa t.o go from Deveraux Neck, South Carolina, t.o Morris ISland, to see a The CHAIRMAN. Debate is not in order. Objection is made, and sick friend who was dying. Upon bein.g ahout to return, he was nuable to obtain the bill goes over. transportation farther than Hilton Heaa He there fell in with somo friends, com­ menced drinking, got on board a steamer, fell asleep, and was carried to sea. Re DAVID BRADEN. afterward returned to his home in New York, and at once reported to his lieutenant­ The next business on the Private Calendar waa the bill (S. No. 353) colonel, who wa at home on sick-leave, who permitted him to remain at home until for the relief of David Braden. · he was ready to r eturn; that by a previous engagement he reported at a hotel in N ew York, where he was to meet his lieutenant-colonel, but not findin~ him, re­ The bill was read. It directs the Secretary of the Trea nry to pay ported himself to the provost-marshal of his district, under the President's procla.­ to David Braden, late captain and assistant adjutant-general of vol­ mat,ion, and was dishonorably discharged. It appears from all the evidence before unteers, for commutation of quarters and fuel and three month ' ex­ the committee that Desilva did all in his power to r::fort himself to his proper com­ tra pay under the act of March 3, 1865, the sum of 1,058, out of any !!t.J~~~t%.~~cer; and they therefore report in favor relieving~ from the stigma money in the Treasury appropriated or to be appropriated for the pay of the Anny of the United States. The b~ was laid aside, to be reported favorably to the House. The bill was laid aside, to be reported favorably to the House. RESTORATIONS TO POSITIONS rn THE ARMY. PAT. 0. HAWES. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. The next busine s on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1051) for the restoration to their several positions in the Army of Cap­ 1934) for the relief of Pat. 0. Hawes. tain J. Horace McGuire, First Lieutenant Henry 1!1. Gardner, Second The bill was read. It authorizes and directs the Paymaster-Gen­ Lieutenant William D. 1\IcGuire, and Second Lieutenant William C. eral to pay Pat. 0. Hawes, late second lieutenant in the Forty-fifth Reddy. Kentucky Regiment of Volunteer Infantry, United States Army, the Mr. 1\IAcDOUG.A.LL. I desire to offer a substitute for that bill. pay and allowances of a second lieutenant of infantry, from the 25th The CHAIRl\IAN. The. propo ition to amend is equivalent to an day of September, 1863, until the 23d day of January, 1864. ~ objection; and objection being made, the bill goes over.

• I 1846 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. FEBRUARY 27,

JOAB BAGLEY. Colorado, John S. Watts, of Santa Fe, New Mexico Vincent St. Vrain, of --, and William W. Mills, of El Paso, Texas,. on the 16tn1 day of May, 1866, became the The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. sureties of said Collins, receiver of the land office and United States designated !>Sltory at the time ment of the United States for said land, to wit, the southwest quar­ of said robber(. and murder, and that the !s z.b~:i'tt:.mmitted by the same person or persons who mw·- quarter of section 6, township 18, range 2 west, in the Tuscaloosa suit was brought aa-ainst said sureties in the United States district court, in Santa laml district, in the State of Alabama, as by law required, estimating Fe, New Mexico, an8judgment rendered again tJohn S. Watts, Hamilton G. Fant, t he said laud-warrant at its valu~, to wit, $1.25 per acre, the balance William W. Mills, and William Cra.i,., for $3~ , 561 . 03 , with interest in the sum of to be paid in cash, the title to the said real estate. be, and the same $6,0:!2.32, making a total of ea8,593.35'; and from which judgment an appeal has is hereby, confirmed in the said Joab Bagley,-his heirs and assigns; been taken. . and the Commissioner of the General Land Office is hereby author­ The evidence further tends to show, and your committee is of opinion, that the sum of $1,~16B.18 was justly doe said Collins from the United States at the time of ized and required to issue letters-patent conveying the title to said said mtll"(ler, which has never boon paid. . lands to the said Joab Bagley. Further, this whole matter was before the Judiciary Committee of the Forty­ The second section provides that the act shall not impair, make second Congress; a bill like the one herewith submitted was reported to the Hoose of Representatives, and passed that body March 3, 1873. void, or in any way interfere with, any prior valid claim to the said In consideration of the premises, your committee recommend for pa.ssago the Feal estate in the preceding section described. accompanying bill. The report was read, as follows: . No objection being made, the bill was laid aside, to be reported to The Judiciary Committee, to whom was referred the bill for the relief of Joab Bag-ley, submit the following report: the House. That the case as stated in the preamble to the bill is sOBtained by the following GEORGE P. FISHER. evidence : First. A copy of the certificate of Thomas Donoho, the register and receiver The next business on the Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1171) in the land office at Toscaloo a, Alabama, in the OBual form of uch certificates of for the relief of George P. Fisher. the money required by law~ includ:i.D;~. the lost land-warrant, and estimating at $150, The bill appropriates the sum of 576.25 to reimburse George P. to enter the lands describea in the bill. This certificate is dated Receiver's Office Fisher for his costs and expenses incurred in deti:mding snits at law at Tuscaloo a, September 21, 1862. Second. The affidavit of Joab Bagley, as to issuance of the land.warrant No. brought against him by Joseph H. Bradley, in the year 1868, for acts 95116, i ned under the a{lt of Congress of Mareh 3, 18581 to James McAdory, and done. by said Fisher while in discharge of his duty as a justice of the its assignment to him by McAdory for a valuable consideration, and that with it in supreme court of the District of Columbia holding the criminal court part, ancl paying the balance in money, he entered the land described in the bill; of said District. that he has made diligent inquiry for, and caused search to be made for, said land­ warrant, in the office of the register of the land office at Montgomery, and is informed The report accompanying the bill wa,s read, as follows: that it cannot be found ther e, Mont~bmery land office being the place to which, The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 117) duri.Ilg the war, the certificate woulu be sent from the land office at Tuscaloosa; for the relief of George P. Fisher, having had the same onder advisement, respoot­ that the said land-warrant is lost, and that he has filed notice of its loss in the fully report: General Land Office in Washington. That m 1867 said Geor~;e P. Fisher was one of the justices of the supreme court W e think it sufficiently certain that Mr. Bagley is the owner of the certificate, of the District of Colombia. That as such j usiice he presided in the criminal branch and its loss only deprives him of that which is the highest evidence of his right, of said court at the trial of John H. Surratt for the murder of President Lincoln. but does not take h-om him the right, as he only asks that he shall be allowed to That during the progress of said trial some "unpleasantness" sprang up between again enter the land, paying for it at the double minimum price, and that the lost the counsel of Surratt and a witness. The said Fisher, presiding judge as afore­ land-warrant shall be e timat.ed at its value and received in part pay for the land. said, thereupon reprimanded the witness, and cautioned the counsel against making Its eems that it is jOBt and proper that this request shonld be granted. "side-bar" r emarks reflecting upon witness, to which caution Mr. Bradley, senior Tho bill also provides that this act shall not ~pair, or make void, or in any way counsel for Surratt, took exception. That said Bradley, one evening a.fterthecoort interfere with, any prior valid claim to the said r~al estate. had closed for the day, sharply demanded of said FlSher what he meant by con­ We therefore report favorably upon the bilL stantly insulting him, the said Bradley, from the bench. Said Fisher replied he was not conscious of insulting him, said Bradley, o.nd that if he had he was sorry for it. The bill was laid aside, to be reported favorably to the House. Said Bradley reiterated the demand, and threatened said Fisher with personal chas­ SURETIES OF JAMES L. COLLINS. tisement. !;aid Fisher replied that he was too sick to engage in any personal con· test, to which Bradley replied that he wonld offset his age against the judge's sic_k ­ The next bill upon the Private Calendar was House bill No. 1939, ne s. .A. deputy marshal interposed, and Jaid judge pasSed. from the coort,.room. for the relief of the sureties of James L. Collins, deceased. Thereupon said Fisher consulted with the other jOBtices of said supreme court, and they concurred in the opinion that if Mr. Bradley did not voluntarily make The :first section of the bill provides that Hamilton G. Fant, William some proper apology before the close of ~>aid trial, said Fisher could do no less than Craig, John S. Watts, Vincent St. Vrain, and William W. Mills, sure­ strike the name of said Bradley from the roll of attorneys of the court over which said Fisher was pre3iding. ties of James L. Collins, deceased1 on his official bond, as late 1·eceiver of public moneys, and as designated depositary at Santa Fe, New Mex­ No apolouy was offer ed by said Bradley during the thirty succeeding days of said trial. At the close of said trial said Fisher, presiding j od_ge, as aforesaid, did enter ico, they, and their heirs and legal representatives shall be released au order striking the name of said Bra.

No objection being made, the bill was laid u ide to be reported to Corps, United States Volunteers, and soon after promoted first liouterumt, for gal­ lant services during General Early's raid on Washin!!ton; when he was again the House. wounded,·m the hand. He resigned from the Veteran ~serve Corps November, JESSE :r. SOIKINS. 1866, and was appointed second lieutenant in the Forty-fourth Regiment Unit-ed States Infantry, July, 1866, which appointment into the regular Army was made The next business upon the Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1200) by the War Department purely on account of his fine military record; brovettoo first for the relief of the sureties of the late Jesse J. Simkin , collector of lieutenant Urut~d States .Army for gallant and meritorious services on the penin­ the port of Norfolk Virginia. sula of Virginia; transferred to the Seventeenth Infantry May 27, 1869; promoted Mr. HOLMAN. there is no opportunity to debate this bill, I must first lieutenant January 1, 18TI, and died March 4, 1873, from an overdose of chloral, ls administered by his own hand through mistake, without criminal intent, as is shown object to its consideration at this time. by the verdict of the coroner's jury at Sioux City, Iowa, while en. route to join his The bill was accordingly passed over. command at Grand River agency, Dakota Ten"ltory, and while returning from a leave of absence. Entering the .Army when only seventeen years of a~e , he served FREDERICK F. BAURY. his country faithfully for twelve years, and was twice wounded, and twice promoted The next business upon the Calendar wa-s the bill (H. R. No. 1~41) for gallant services. Your committee, therefore, considering the fact that tho widow is left without means of support, think she is justly entitled to the pension, to provide for the appointment of Frederick F. Baury on the retired and therefore recommend the passage of the bill. list of the Navy. · . Mr. WHITTHORNE objected, and the bill WM accordingly passed No objection being made, the bill was laid aside, to be reported to over. the House. WILLIAM HA.FFORDS. HELE~ :M. STANSBURY. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. The next business upon the Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1943) 497) granting a pension to William Haffords, of South Yarmou~h, grantin~ a. pension to Helen M. Stansbury. MasRachusetts. .The b1ll directs the Secretai·y of the Interior to place on the pen­ The bill directs the Secretary of the Interior to place on the pension­ sion-roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension laws, laws, the name of Helen M. Stansbury, wiuow of Howard Stansbury, the name of William Haffords, of South Yarmouth, Massachusetts. late major in t.he Topographical Engineer Corps, and pay her a. pen­ The report was read, as follows t sion a-s the widow of a major, in lien of the one now paid her as the widow of a captain, fmm and after the passage of this act. The Committee on Invalid Pensions, to whom wa~ referred the bill (H. R. No. ~97) granting a. pension to William Ha.ffords, Soutll YaiJDouth, Ma~sachusetts, havmg The report was read, as follows : conside-red the same, submit the following report : The Committee on Invalid Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of Helen William Ha.ffords, the applicant, waa appomted an acting master~ the Ul;rlte~ M. Stansbury, having considered the same, submit the following report: States Navy February 15,·1862,. to date from November 14, 1861, and for menion­ Helen M. Stansbury, the petitioner, is the widow of Howard Stansbury, some ous services' was promoted to acting volunteer lieutenant November 3, 1863, and time major in the Corps of Topographica~Engineel"!l , andwho 4-i d at M~son, Wis­ was chief pilot to .Admiral Dahlgren. .About September 1, 186.1, be was orlilered, consin April17, 1863. He contracted disease while a ca.pt.am of engmeers, com­ by .A.dmira.l Dahlgren, to board the monitor Lehigh and pilot a reconnaissance be­ mandh.g an exploring party in the valley of Salt Lake, in the year 1859, and from tween Forts Sumter and Moultrie, and while performing this duty, the night being the e.ffecta of which he was retired from the service September 28, 1861 he then dark and the monitor .being under fire at the time, he fell from the turret, fractur­ bein.., a major. In 1862 and 1863 Major Stansbury enter&l upon active duty, and ing his skull, breakin~ hiS nose, and o~erwise injuring: him, from t_he effects of acted as mustering and disbursing officer for the Government at Madi on, Wiscon­ wliich, physicians certify, be has ever smce suffered and 18 now su.ffermg. sin and while acting in this capacity general prostration was produced by the over­ Tbe pension is refu.se

JULIET E. HALL. in Company E , First Regiment Capitol Guards, State Volunteers, to serve sL-t ,months, or during the war. It appears from the rolls that he wa-s muRtcred out The next business on the CalendaJ" was the bill (H. R. No. 1945) with his company March 11, 1865, and there is no record evidence of his diRability; gmnting a pension to Juliet E. Hall, d.au~hter of ·william H. Hall, bnt it appears that tho entire records and effects of the State military hospit.a], wherein the proof shows that said :Boyd was treated, wer • un(ler orders of tho late colonel of the Eleventh Regiment of 1ow:l. Infantry. aujutant.gon6l"al of the State of Kentuck--y, turned over to the United StatE's :Meflical The hill drrects the Secretary of the Interior to place on the pen­ D 1partmont April 6, 1865; and that durin"g the raitls which the tate sn.treretl in 1864 sion-roll, 8nbject to the provisions and limitatjons of the pension laws, aud 1865, many of the company returns and hospital reports were dOJ troyecl, and the name of Juliet E. Hall, tlaughter of William H. Hall, late a colonel tho records wanting in this case are not t.o be found. It is pro;eu that in July, 1864, of the Eleventh Regiment of Iowa Infantry, commencing November said :Boyd, while in the service and in the line of his duty at La.wrencobur~h, K en­ tnck:y, was accidentally shot through the left arm near tho shouldc:~r by the aoci· 11, 1869, the date of the remarriage of the widow. dental discharge of a. gun of a. comrade in the service, whiob necessitated the ampu­ The report was read, as follows: tation of the arm near the shoulder, which was done; and be was treated for the same in the military hospital at Frankfort, Kentucky; that the militia in which he TheCommittoo on Invalid Pensions, to whom was ref~rred the ~tition of Juliet E. Guild, j;Uardian of Juliet Elsie Hall, minor child of William H. Hall, la,te colonel was serving was subject to orders from the Unitecl States authority, and was uoing Eleventh Iowa Volunteero, be"' leave to report: sen-ice for the Unitecl States in the war against the rebellion. Wherefore the com­ That Colonel William H. Hill was discharged from tho serviee August 1, 1864, mittee report baok said bill ancl recommend its passage. ancl died December 20, 1865. No objection being made, the bilr" was laid aside, to be reported to The widow (Juliet E.) of Colonel Hall applied for pension April 30, 1866, and the Honse. tho same was re,jected l>y the Commissioner of Pensions, ancl on the 1st day of Ma~h, 186!J, the said widow was granted a pension of thirty dollars lJer month by a special JANE LA FONT. act of Congress; that the pension ceased on the 11th day of November, 1E6!J, (date The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. of remarriage of willow;) and the petitioner now asks that her name be plaood on the pension.rolls as guardian of said minor from the date of remarriage until she 816) granting a pension to Jane La Font. arrive at tho age of sixteen years. The bill was read._ It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the John G. Miller, late surj!eon of the Eleventh Iowa Volunteers, and Fredemk Interior to place on the pension-rolls, subject to the 11roTjsions and Lloycl, late sur~Pon of the Sixteenth Iowa. Volunteers, state under oath, that they limit.ations of the pension la.ws, the name of Jane La Font, dependent treated Colonel Hall while in the service, and Jtive it a their opinion that his death was cauAed from disease contracted and mjuries receh-ed while in the service. mother of Lewis La Font, late a pri-vate of Company C, Second Regi­ Dr. Baker, of Davenport, Iowa, states under oath that he troateu Colonel Hall ment Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, bnt detailed to Batte.ry D, First afror his discharge, and during his last illness, and gives it as his opinion that his Rhode Island Light Artillery, to take effect from and after the pas- dea.th was caused by injuries received and midshipman the 22d of November, 1805 ; that be served his country fuithfnlly and No objection being made, the bill was laid aside, to be reported to with crectit, haTing distin.,.uished himself in several naval engagements, and died the Hou e. on the 3cl clay of .Tmte, 184.( in command of the Pacific squadron, on board tho frigat.o MARY S. PRINCE. Sa\~lDnah, at Callao, Peru, haTing served in the Navy continuously for thirty-nine years, durin~ all of which time h had but nine months' leave of absence. Tho next bill on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. 1234) That petitioner, Mary :B. Dallas, of Pensacola, Florida, aml widow of said Cap· granting a pension to 1\fary S. Prince. · tain Dallas, was pen ioned by the Go\ernment at the rato of fifty dollars per The bill was reau. It authorizes and direct the Secretary of the month, commencinj! June 3 1849, which wa continu<'rl up to tho Jlassag-e of the Interior to })lace upo:u. the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and act of Febmary 4, 1862, which directed that a.ll persons re ldinJ! in States in rebel· lion against the United States be stricken from the rolls. At ·the cloAe of the war limitations of the pension law , the name of 1\fary S. Prince, mother Mrs. Dallas applied for a ren wal of her pension, and her name waAo~·estored to the of Henry Leach alias Henry Leach Prince, late a seaman on board rolls, and she again received pension until it wa-s discovered that she had signed a the United States ship Potomac, to take effect from the passage of petition to the rebel con;ress, expressing sympathy for the South, aml asking the the act. . enactment of a. law continuin« to the willows of decca ell officers of the .Army and Navy of the late Unitec.l States, who are itizens of tho Confed ·rate Stntes, the The report was read, as follows : same pension they recei\ecl from the Government of tho United • tates, -wb0n her The Committee on Invalid Pensions, t-o whom was refeiTed the bill (H. R. No. name was again droppecl from tho rolls. Mrs. Dallas does not t eny that she sp:npa· 1234) granting a p nsion to Mary S. Prince, submit the followin~ report: thized wit.h ·the cause of tho rebellion, or that she siu:nccl tho p etition as recited, It appears m proof that the applicant was the lawful wife of Sewa.U Princ.e, who but does deny that sho unclcr.'tood tho full import of tho amo, but wa advised to died on October 4, 1827; that Henry Leach alias Hemy Leach Prine , on account of this by frieniis, in the hope of again receivin~ tho gratuity formerly allowed her by who e services the pension is cla1med, was her lawful son by her said busbanu; the Government, th sam being then her oruy means of support. that sairl Henry served in the United States Navy a.s follows: About nino months In view of the lon~-eontinuelL erviceof CaptainDallaA, his deathinaforeignland. ou the Wave in 1830-'39; that in the fall of 1tS39 he enlisted in the United States the services of his on, Major A. J. Dallas, during tho late war, and of a. second Navy at :Baltimore, and wa.s sonttothereceiving·shipJa,a.asas aman, andserverl son who escaped from the South anujoineu th.e Union Army, and of circrunstances on her until December 31,1839, and on thoDelawarefrom.January1, 1840, to August which surrounded petitioner, her age. sex, ancl condition in life, together with the 1, le-40, inclusive, when he was paid off and discharged " unfit for l Guanls, pl?ndent upon charity, and ba.s always remaineu tho widow of her saicl husband. and who did service in the war against tho reb llion, and lost an ann The thiru section of the act of July 14, 1862, being tho first act passed by Congress in said service; the pension to (latefrom the 11th day of 1\Iarch, 1805, 0 when he was mustered out of service. ~~:a~~o~~~;;~~: ~~~n~<':e: o¥de~~ s~b:e~~=J;1otlMar~h~f~6\, in~h;:d~~~ The report was read, as follows : not cover the present case. :But it appears that five generations of this petitioner's family h&1""0 been engag d Tb Coromittoo on !n1""aliu Pensions, 1o whom was refeiTed the bill (H. R. No. 1275) in tho somco of the country. Her grandfather ancl two of her un lcs were re>olu entitletl ".A. b!U granting a pension to William D. Boyd," report: tionary soldiers. Her father was a. captain in the war of 1812. H er husband waa Tlu:tt t.ho endence shows that said Boyd, on the 4th clay of .Tune, 1 64, was en­ also a. soldier in the war of 1812, and was also on boanl the Eagl in the naval en. rolled and on the 4th day; of July, 1864, wa mustered into the service as a private gagement on Lake Champlain. Her son Charles was in the war of the rebellion, 1874. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. 1849

and was discharged fpr disabilities contracted in the service; and three grandsons The report was read, as follows : were in the same war for the Union, and a fourth offered his services, but was re­ The Committee on Invalid Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. jected on examination as not bein~ able-bodied. One of said grandsons was mortally wounded in the service, one tWice wounded, and one escaped injury. That the 1445) to reinstate William H. Edwards on the pension-roll, report: fore~oing are all tho malo members of her family but two, and these two were not That said Edwards enli ted as a pri>ate in Company L, Fourth Tennessee Cav­ alry Volunteer~~, withln t.ho age of enli8tm nt. Members of her family have been in all the wars of February 25,1864, and was mustered in April 211 1864, at Nashville, the country that called for volunteers. Therefore the committee report back said to serve three years; was promotecl to be sergeant, and was mustered out with his bill and recommend its passage. company July 25, 1865, ·at N a hTille. The proof is clear from his officers, M. 0. White, ca.ptain of Company L; L. Bliz­ No objection being made, the bill was laid aside, to be reported to and, also a capt.'l>in of said company ; F. P. Bishop, lieutenant and regimental quar­ termaster of said reo-iment; Meshack Stevens, late major Fourth Tenne seo Cav­ the House. alry; M. 0. White, 1a't;; captain Company I, of said regiment; and Lieutenant-Colo· TDfOTHY PAIGE. nel Thornborough, that the petitioner wa a sound, healthy man when he entered the service, and that while marching through .Alabama. ana Georgia, and while in The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H.R. No. line of his duty, before the capture of .Atlanta by the Union forces, he contracted 216) granting a p.ension to Timothy Paige. piles, in its worst form ; in consequence of which he has been obliged to submit to The bill was read. It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the several surgical qperntions, aml at times his life has been despaireu of, and his health ruined, insomuch that he is, and ever ha.s been inca the war, unable to earn Interior to place on the pension-roll, subject to the provisions and a.support bv mannallabor. These officers speak in the highest terms of him as a limitations of the pension laws, lhe name of Timothy Paige, father of faithful soldier. Lieutenant Bishop, in closing his te timony, says of him, "I fur­ Wilkinson W. Pa~e,latecaptainof Companyl\1, Tenth Regiment New ther believe the United States never had a more loyal subject or truer friend than York Cavalry VolUnteers, to take effect from the passage of the act. William H. Edwards, since he joined the Fourtli Tenn.e ee Cavalry, anti since the close of the war." The report was read, as follows : It is in evidence that he wa.s, before he enlisted in Raid cavalry, connected with The Committee on Invalid Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. the rebel forces; and that, upon that ground, his claim for a pension was rejected 216) granting a pension to Timothy Paige, make the following report: by the Commissioner of Pensions. The evidence shows that the soldier, Wilkinson W. Pai~e, late captain in Com. Upon this point, Joseph A. Cooper, late brigadier-general, and brevet major-gen­ pany M , Tenth Regiment New York Cavalry, was a on of said Timothy, and wa eral, United States A..rmy, testifies that he is personally acquainted with the peti­ killed on the 24th day of June, 1864, in battle, at Saint Mary's Church, while in the tioner, and has known his father and mother ever since his birth ; and that prior to line of his duty, in the service; that the wife of sai(l Timothy, the mother of said his enlistment in t.he Federal Army, said Edwards was connected with the rebel Wilkin.son, died before the death of said 'Villtinson W.; that said Timothy, at the army, "not, as I believe, from his sympathy with the cause of the southern confed­ timo of said Wilkinson's enlis~ent, was very poor and wholly dependent on him eracy, but from his a sociation with some of his neighbors: and from the beli('f that for support; and he is still very poor and in feeble health, is over seventy years of he would be forced into the army. Further, that while my command wa.s at Pine­ age, and is incapable of supporting himself by his labor. The soldier was married Knot, Campbell County, Tenne see, in .April, I received from Mrs. Edwards, mother in 1850 to a Michigan lady, by whom he had a on, named Geor~ W. Wilkinson. of said petitioner, information, in person, of an intended movement of the rebel force She was divorced from said ·wilkinson in 1856, ancl married agarn in 1857, ~nd re­ to surprise anfl capture the whole of our command; and that said information came moved to the interior of Minnesota, taking with her tho said son. In 1859 it was from said W. H. Edwards to his mother, and she to me; and I sent her to Genoral understood and believed by the relatives at Buffalo, New York, where aid Wilkin­ GeorgeN. Morgan, commander, and he, acting upon the information she gave, moved son then resicled, that the boy was dead; all(l said Wilkinson so informed saicl Tim­ tho command at once, leaving the sick in camp; and immediately after our coiDIDand othy; who, believing that aid boy was dead, ditl, in 1 67, apply for, an L~co~ Ho pital, Washington, District of Co­ Kentucky, he encountered a scouting party of rebel soldiers, and he took sHelte~ lumbm., and remamed there until his Sa.J.d discbarrre, when he retmnefl to his borne in the brick dwelltng-house of Joseph Myers and gave them battle and fouaht in Maine, where he has remained ever since. For several month aft~ his return them until compelled to surrender by the rebels havin~ set the house on fire :fnd home he wa unable to go out of his house; his lungs, in cons quence of said si ·k­ then the party ~k him away about six miles and Knocked him on the head ne s, became cliseased, and he is troubled with hemorrha"e therefrom· can moT" fract?ri?-1? hill skull, and left him for de~ ; that he was confined, from the effec~ round only slowly. and is by reason oi said disease so contracted, totan'v disabled of said mJury, several months, and he still suffers from the effects of snitl injury to ~n~l permane_ntly disabled thereby to procure a sub istence by manual htbor; ami such an ex:teni as to prevent him from earning his support by his own labor. He l.S m needy Circumstance and must oon come to want. - ha.~ no wife or children, and is very poor, and uepell(lent upon charity for support. ~he proof is clear, from the ~ timo~~:y of George E. Brackett, as istant surgeon, Wherefore, the committee report back said bill and recommend its passage. Umted States .Army, who e:x:amrned rud Holmes when he was mustered in and of H. F. Wardwell, his family physician, and of Calvin Morrison, who had' known No objection being made, the bill was laid aside, to be reported to him intim?-tely for tw~nty years, and up to the tim of his enlistment, and J.rv t.heHouse. Holmes himself•. who 1s proved to have ~ways been a. m~ of good habits, anil WILLIAM H. EDWARDS. iruthfnl, that sru.d Holme was free from disea<~e when he enlisted and it is proved by William B. Lapham that the disea<~e wa.s contracted a above s~t forth. The next busineSs on the Private Calemlar was the bill (H. R. No. Wherefore the committee submit the accompanying bill, and recommend its 1445) to reinst:tte William H. Edwards on the pension-roll. passage. Th~ bill wa~ read. It authorizes ~nd directs the Secretary of the No objection being made, t.he bill was laid aside, to be reported to lntenor to remstate upon the pensiOn-roll the name of William H. the House. Edwards, late of Company-, Fourth Regiment of Tennessee Cavalry MARY J. BLOOD. and to pay him. a pension at the rate now allowed by law. ' The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. The amendments reported by the Committee on Invalid Pensions 1948) granting a pension to Mary J. Blood. were read, as follows: The bill was read. It authorizes and directs the Secretary of the Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert in lieu thereof the following: Interior to place on the pension-roll, subject to the ·provisions and That the Secretary of the Interior be, and h~is hereby, authorized and directe

The report was rea-d, as follows : :Brackett; that, so far as his knowledge extends, said Brackett was well en~nglJ when he enlisted, and that he had the Oiarrhea. in consequence of his exposure in The CoiDDlittee on Invalid Pensions, to whom was referred the petition of Mary J. Blood widow of Emory Blood, late private in Company D, Eleventh :Massachu­ thllia~olher, the petitioner,·testifics that he never had a physician, except in early setts Voiunteers, submits the following report: childhood, and for diseases incident to that petiod of life; that he had no sickness The evidence shows that the soldier wa.c:~ mustere?rt: _ l\lr. WILLARD, of Vermont. It relates to arrears of pehsion, and That said Ann :M. is the w1dow of Mark Brackett, who died in 1850; that the ought not to pass unless there is some explanation. I insist on my soldier, .John .M. Brackett, was the lawful son of said Ann M. and Mark, and he objection. flnlisted as a. private in the Eighth Regiment Maine Volunteers, on the 27th day of August, 1861., for throe years, or dn.rmg the war, and was discharged at Hilton WILLIAM D. 1\IORRISOl'i'. Head, June 23, 1862, for ii.isability on account of tuben'Ulosis and extreme debility, The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. o.nd died March 23, 1863. N. A.Heri!OD, latesn.rgeonSeventeenth Maine Volunteer Infantry, testifies that he was well acquainted with said .John M. Brackett, late a. 1953) granting a pension to William D. Morrison, late captain of Com­ private"in Company F, Eighth Regiment Maine Volunteers, and that he came under pany D, Seventh Regiment Maryland Volunteer Infantry. his car profe.~sionally the next day after his arrival home from the United States The bill directs the Secretary of the Interior to place on the yension­ .ilmy, from which he had just been discharged on a sn.rgeon's certificate of disa­ roll, subject to the provisions and limitations of the penswn laws, · bility; that at that time he was suffering from chronic miasmatic diarrhea and tubercular co.llSumtJtion; and that, in his opinion, he contracted the disease while the name of William D. Morrison, late captain of Company D, of the in the service, and m the line of his duty, and that he died of that disea.c:~e .March Seventh Regiment Maryland Volunteer Infantry, and pay him a pen­ 14, 1863. sion from and after the passage of this act. Doctor Terry Burts testifies that he was called to see him professionally a short It appears from the report, which was read, that William D. Morri­ time before his d.eath, ·· and that such was his disease. Ex.Sur..,.eon J. S. Ross verifies the standing of these two physicians. son, la.te captain of Company D, Seventh Maryland Volunteer In­ Paul M::' Fisher, sn.rgeon, certifies in the diScharge that the ii.isea e existed prior fantry, was discharged January 17, 1865, having served from August to enli tment; but he -did not know him prior to enlistment. And in April, 1873, 28, 1862; that while in the service, in the fall of 1862, he contra-cte..'"t. The SPEAKER. The motion will be entered. JOHN HENDERSON. The next business on the Private Calendar was· the bill (H. R. No. GEORGIA CONTESTED-ELECTION CASE-RAWLS '1:8. SLOA.t."'l. 1956) for the relief of John Henderson, of New Orleans. / Mr. HYDE. I am directed by the Committee on Elections to sub­ The bill and report were read. mit a report in the case of Rawls "'8. Sloan, from the :first congres­ Mr. HOLMAN. That requires further explanation, and I object. sional district of Georgia. I move the report be laid upon the table, The CHAIRMAN. It will be pa-ssed over. and ordered to be printed. I give notice I will call it up for action WILLAIID DAVIS. at an early day. I ask the Clerk to read the re olutions at the end of the report. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. The Clerk read as follows : 1956) for the relief of Willard Davis. R&olved, That Ron. MORGAN R.A. WLS is not entitled to a seat in this House as The bill was read. a Representative from the first congressional district of Georgia. in the Forty-third Mr. MAYNARD. I object. Congress. The CHAIRMAN. The bill will be passed ov~r. Resolved, That Hon. Andrew Sloan is entitled to a. seat in thi House as a. Repre· sentative from the first congressional district of Georgia in the Forty-third Con· ALONZO SNYDER gress. The next business on the Private Calendar was the bill (H. R. No. Mr. SPEER. . I submit a report in behalf of the minority of the 261) for the relief of Alonzo Snyder, of Livingston County, New York. Committee on Elections; and I move it be printed with the report of The bill, whi h was read, directs the Secretary of the Treasury, out the majority. of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to pay to The SPEAKER. The Clerk will read the resolution of the minority. Alonzo Snyder the sum of $250 for the costs and expenses incurred by The Clerk read as follows: him in defending certain actions for false imprisonment instituted Resolved, That Ron. MORGAN RAWLS, the sitting member, waa duly elected and against him by Donald. Campbell, Daniel Mann, and George W. is entitled to the seat occupied by him in this House as the Repre enmtive from Randall, for and on account of the arrest of said parties in the years the first congressional district of Georgia, in the For~·third Congress. • 1863 and 1864, by said Snyder, then acting as an officer of the Provost­ Marshal-General's Department in and for the twenty-fifth district of The reports were laid upon the table, and ordered to be printed. New York. Mr. HYDE. I give notice to the House I will call up this case at It appears from the report, which was read, that Mr. Snyder ·was a an early day. special agent in the employ of the Provost-Marshal-General's Bmeau MTh~G STATISTICS. . from May, 1863, to April, 1865, in and for the twenty-fifth district of Mr. McCORMICK, by tmanimons consent, submitted the following New York; that by the record.

Mr. O'BRIEN. The motion to adjourn is not debatable, and I object Committee of the Whole on the Private Calendar be discharged from to debate. the further consideration of the bill S. No. 365~ which is equivalent in The House divided; and there were-ayes 31, noes 130. terms to Honse bill No. 1777, and that it be suostitutedforthe House Mr. MAYNARD. I demand tellers on the yeas and nays. bill. It has been reported favorably by the Committee on Militar Tellers were not ordered. Affairs. The yeas and nays were not ordered, one-fifth of those present not The SPEAKER. The Senate bill which the gentleman from Iowa havin(J' votetl in the affirmative. desires to substitute for the House bill will be read. So the motion was agreed to. The Senate bill was read, as follows : I :Mr. NIBLACK. now ask unanimous consent that we have a ses- .A. bill for the relief of Matthew Woodrn1f, late first s rgeant of Company G, sion to-morrow for debate only, no business whatever to be transacted. . Twenty-first Regiment Mis ouri Volunteers. Mr. HA.WLEY, of lllinois. I object. Be it enacted, cl-c. , That the Secretary of War b , and he is hereby, authorized Mr. BECK. I move •hat the Honse do now adjourn. and directed to correct the record o as to honorably muster out and ~a.rge 1\Ir. HA.WLEY, of lllinois. I withdraw the objection to the Honse Matthew Woodruff, late first sergeant of Company G, Twenty-first Regiment Mis· souri Volunteers, and that tho aaiO. Matthew Woodruft.be allowed such pay, boun:tf, meeting to-morrow for debate only. and allowances as he would have been entitled to receive but for the record of hls Mr. BECK. Then I withdraw the motion to adjourn. alleged d . erti.on, deducting therefrom pay for absence of twenty~ix days. Mr. PAGE. I renew the objection to a session to-morrow for debate. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to the Senate bill which has l\Ir. O'BRIEN. I renew the motion to adjourn. been read beinf5!!ubstituted for the Honse bill reported from the Com­ The motion to adjourn was not agreed to--ayes 12, noes not counted. mittee of the ~v nole on the Private Calendarf Mr. PAGE. I withdraw my objection to a session to-morrow for .There being no objection, the C5, and the Mr. CROOKE. I renew it. same was read the third time, and pa sed; and bill H. R. No. 1777 was laid upon the table. BILLS PASSED. SIMEON J. THOMPSON. The following bills, reported from the Committee of the Whole on The bill (H. R. No. 133) for the relief of Simeon J. Thomp on, late the Private Calendar, without amendment, were severally read the an acting second lieutenant of Company B, Seventy-ninth Regiment third time, and passed: · of Indiana Volunteers, wa-s reported from the Committee of the A bill (H. R. No. 1776) for the relief of George Yount, late second Whole on the Private Calendar, with the recommendation that it do lieutenant Company I, Third 1\Iissouri Volunteer Infantry; ~~& . A bill (H. R. No. 725) for the relief of James C. Livingston, late a The report of the committee was agreed to, and the bill wa laid private in Company E, Third Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry; upon the table. A bill (H. R. No. 1313) for the relief of Alexander Burtch; WIJ..LIMII H. EDWARDS. A bill (H. R. No. 1331) for the relief of Joab Spencer and JamesR. Mead for supplies furnished the Kansas tribe of Indians; The bill (H. R. No. 1445) to rein tate William H. Edwanls on the A bill (S. No. 353) for the relief of David Braden; pension-roll was reported ,by the Committee of the Whole on the A bill (H. R. No. 1934) for the relief of Pat. 0. Hawes; Private Calendar, with the following amendments: - A bill (H. R. No. 1935) for the ~elief of William J. Scott, late aid­ Strike out these words: "The Secret.ary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorizecl and directed to de-camp on the staff of General Spears ; reinstate upon the pension-roll, the name of William R. Edwards, late of Company A bill (H. R. No. 1936) for the relief of Dewight De ilva, of-Deposit, """:"J Fourth Regiment Tennessee Cavalry, and pay him a pension at the rate now New York; auowed by la.w." ·A bill (H. R. No. 294) for the relief of Joab Bagley; And in ert inlieu thereof a follows: The Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, authorized and directed to A bill (H. R. No. 1939) for the relief of the sureties of James L. place on the pension-roll subject to the provisions and limitations of the pension Collins, deceaGed; laws, the name of William H. Edward , late a ergeant in Company I, Fourth Ten­ A bill (H. R. No. 1171) for the relief of George P. Fisher; nessee Cavalry, and pay him a pension from and after the pas83.ge of this act. A ltill (H. R. No. 497) granting a pension to William Haffords, of .Amend the title so as to r ead, 11 A bill granting a pensil>n to William H. Edwards." South Yarmouth, Massachusetts; • The amendments were agreed to. A bill (H. R. No. 1054) granting a pension to Jefferson W. Davis, The bill as :;~>mended wa ordered to be engrossed and read a third first lieutenant Company F, Sixty-fourth RegimentNewYorkVolun- time ; and being engrossed, wa accordingly read the third time, and teers; . . passed. A bill (H. R. No. 112'2) granting a pension to Mrs. Martha Northup, RECONSIDERATION. widow of First Lieutenant Edward B. Northup, late of the Seventeenth United States Infantry ; . ~Ir. RUSK moved to reconsider the several votes by which bills A bill (H. R. No. 1943) granting a pension to Helen M. Stansbury; reported to-<.lay from the Committee of the Whole on the Private Cal­ A bill (H. R. No. 700) granting a pension to the minor children of endar had been pa eel; and also moved that the motion to reconsider Michael Weisse, decea ed ; be laid on the table. A bill (H. R. No. 1944) grantin(J' a pension to Charlotte Crane, The latter motion was agreed to. widow of the late Colonel IchabodB. Crane, of the First Artillery, ROBERT F. WINSLOW. regular Army of the United States; A bill (H. R. No. 1945) granting a pension to Juliet E. Hall, daugh­ Mr. 1\fELLISH, by unanimous consent, from the Committee on War ter of William Hall, late colonel of the Eleventh Regiment of Iowa Claims, reported a bill (H. R. No. 2223) for the relief of Robert F. Infantry; . Winslow; which was read a first ancl second time, referred to the A bill (H. R. No. 1946) restoring the name of Mary B. Dallas to the Committee of the Whole on the Private CalendM, and, with the pension-roll; accompanying report, ordered to be printed. ' A bill (H. R. No. 1275) granting a pension to William D. Boyd, of ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. Johnson County, Kentucky; A bill (H. R. No. 816) granting a pension to Jane La Font; Mr. DARRALL, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, reported A bill (H. R. No. 1234) granting a pension to MaryS. Prince; that the committee had examined ancl found dnly enrolled bill of A bill (H. R. No. 216) granting a pension to Timothy Paige; the following titles; when the Speaker ibrned the arne : • A bill (H. R. No. 1396) granting a pension to Thomas J. Mcintire, An act (H. R. No. 2076) to authorize the Secretary of the Treasury of Rowan Count.y, Kentucky; ' to discontinue the use of the cutter Relief as a revenue-cutter, and A bill (H. R. No. 1947) granting a pension to George Holmes ; use said vessel for a boarding-station in l\iobile Bay; A bill (H. R. No. 1948) granting a pension to Mary J. Blood; An act (H. R. No. 1920) to amend the :fifteenth ection of the act A bill (H. R. No.1949) granting a pension to Ann M. Brackett; approved June : 1872, entitled "An act to revise, consolidate, and A bill (H. R. No. 1950) granting a pension to Betsie Lewis; amend the statutes . rela.~.ing to the Post-Office De1)artment;" and A. bill (H. R. No. 1951) granting a pension to Isaac l\1. Grant; An act (H. R. No. 13:!5) to grant an American register to the Cana­ A bill (H. R. No. 1953) granting a pension to William D. l!orrison, dian schooner George Warren. late captain of Company D, Seventh Regiment Maryland Volunteer PENITENTIARY IN WASHINGTON TERRITORY. • Infantry; The SPEAKER laid before the House a letter and pa-pers from the A bill (H. R. No. 1954) granting a pension to Henry B. Ryder; and Department of Justice, relating to the penitentiary in Washington A bill (H. R. No. ~1) for the relief of Alonzo Snyder, of Livings­ Territory; which wero referred to the Committee on Appropriations, ton County, New York. and ordered to be printed. MATTHEW WOODRUFF. LEAVE OF ABSENCE. The bill (H. R. No. 1777) ·for the relief of Matthew Woodruff, of Clarke County, Missouri, late first sergeant of Company G, Twenty­ Mr. PURMAN, by unanimous consent, obtained leave of absence first Regiment Missouri Volunteer Infantry, from the charge of deser­ for two weeks. tion, and to grant him an honorable discharge from the service, &c., POST-ROUTES IX GEORGIA. wa reported.from the Committee of the Whole on the Private Calen­ Mr. HARRIS, o£ Georgia, by unanimous consent, obtained leave to dar, with the recommendation that it do pa-ss. withdraw from the files of the House certain petitions for the estab­ Mr. DONNAN. I ask the unanimous consent of the House that the lishment of post-routes in Georgia. 1874. CONGRESSIONAL4 RECORD. 1853

HIRAM A. BENEFIELD. Portsmouth, Virginia, to be indemnified for the loss of a schooner Mr. WILLIAMS, of Indiana, by unanimous consent, obtained leave loaned by her husband to the Government during the war, to the to withdraw from the files of the Hou e papers in the case of Hiram Committee on War Claims. A. Benefield, Company C, Fifty-ninth Indiana. Volunteers. Also, the petit ion of J. B. Craighill, of Suffolk, Virginia, for the paymentofthe}'renchspoliationclaims, to the Committee on Foreign CUSTOMS DUTIES ON DIPORTED FRUITS. Affairs. On motion of Mr. KELLEY, by unanimous consent, the bill (H. R. .Also, the- petition of citizens of Stoughton, Wisconsin, for the con­ No. 2191) in relation to the customs duties on imported fruits, w;ith an sideration by Congress of the bill (H. R. No. 14M) to establish ana­ amendment by the Senate, was taken from the Speaker's table and tional exchequer, to the Committee on Banking anU. Currency. referred to the Committee on Ways and Means. . By Mr. SENER: The petition of William Bosher, of Kin~ William A.LARIES OF POSTMASTERS IN LARGE CITIES. County, Virginia, for a pension for military sm·vices in tne war of The SPEAKER laid before the House testimony taken before the 1 12, to the Committee on.Revolntionary Pensions and War of 1812. Committee on the Post-Office and Post Roads, in relation to the sala­ Also, the peiition of Richard Walter, of Accomac County, Virginia, ri s of postma ters in large cities; which was referred to the Commit­ for relief, to the Committee on Claims. tee on: the Po t-Office and Post-Roads, and ordered to be printed. By Mr. SMITH, of Ohio: The petitionof S.C. Hunt,·and 195 others, citizens of the Unitetl State , for the appointment of a commission SE SION ON SATURDAY. of inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, to the Committee Mr. NIBLACK. I hope the objection to etting apart the session to­ on the Judiciary. morrow for debate only will not be persieted in. By l\Ir. VANCE: Resolutions of the Legislature of North Carolina, The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Indiana renews the request for such modifications of the internal-revenue laws as will make them that there be a session to-morrow for debate only, the House to meet less expen ive to the Government and less oppressive to the people, as in Committee of the Whole, and no business whatever to be trans­ to the Committee on Ways and Means. act.ed. Is tllere objection f Also, a communication from Ron. Robert P. Dick, judge of the dis­ Mr. CROOKE. Therei , sir; to be maintained throughout. [Laugh­ trict court of the Unitecl States for the western district of North ter.] Carolina, relative to moili:fi.cations of the internal-revenue laws, to Mr. NIBLACK. Then I move to reconsider the vote by which the the Committee ou Ways and :Means. · Hous a.greed to adjourn over till ¥onday. Also, a communication from Ron. J. C. Ha,rper, ofPattersou, Nort.h The question being taken on the motion to reconsider, there were­ Carolina, in ·relation to the claim of M. Patten, to the Committee on aye 82, noe , 28; no quorum voting. Claims. Tellers were orderetl; and Mr. NIBLACK, and Mr. BUTLER of Massa- Also, a communication from Ron. Robert P. Dick, in relation to the chu ett , were appointed. erection of a pn blic building for United Stat.es court-house, post-office, The Hou e again divided; and the tellers reportetl-ayes 107, noes 45. &c., at Asheville, N rth Carolina, to the Committee on Public Build­ .So the House agreed to reconsider the vote. ings ancl Grounds. The SPEAKER. Tha que tion recurs, will the House, when it ad- Also, a communication from Ron. Samuel F. Phillips, in relation to journs to-day, adjourn to meet on Monday next f a public building at Asheville, North Carolina, t.o the Committee on The question being put, there were-ayes 54, noes 88. Public Buildings and Grounds. So the House I'efused to adjourn over. By Mr. WHE.ELER: Stateml'lnt of H. P. Nutt, of Wilmington, North And then, on motion of Mr. HOLMAN, (at four o'clock and thirty­ Carolina, in regard to the improvement of Cape Fear River and Har­ five minutes p. m.,) the House adjourned. bor, to the Committee on Commerce.

PETITIONS, ETC. The following memorials, petitions, and other papers were presented HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. at the Clerk's desk under the rule, and·referred as stated: lly Mr. ALBERT: The petition of John G. Taylor, collector of cus­ SATURDAY, February 28, 1874. toms and disbursing agent of tlle Trea ury Department for the district of Annapolis, Maryland, to be refunded the sum of money as salary The House met at twelve o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. paid in error to John R. Briscoe, surveyor of customs at the port of J. G. BuTLER, D. D. Nottingham, in said district, to the Committee on Claims. The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. By Mr. BURROWS: The petition of 600 soldiers of the State of PERSONAL EXPLANATION. Michigan, for the equalization of bounties and increase of pensions, Mr. CLYMER. Mr. Speaker, in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of to the Committee on Military Affairs. yesterday-Fritlay, February 27-1 am reported as having stated, By Mr. CHAFFEE : The remonstrance of citizens of Pueblo, Colo­ when the test vote wa,s being taken on bill No. 825, regulating the rado, against authorizing said city to purchase a portion of a certain transmission of public documents, that my collea·gue, Mr. STOR1.I 1 school section for a public park, to the Committee on the Public would, if present, vote for the bill as a whole. This is an error, and. Lands. does my colleague, Mr. Sromr, great injustice. "What I ditl state, Also, the petition of the Grand Lodge of the Independent Order of and that most clearly, was that "my colleague, l\Ir. STOR...'l, who was Good Templors of Colorado, for the appointment of a commission of unavoidably absent in Pennsylvania, would, if pTesent, vote against inquiry concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic, to the Committee on the bill as a whole, although he would have voted for the third section the Judiciary. ; hatl the opportunity been afforded him." By 1\Ir. CLAYTON: The remonstrance of Painter & Co., of San Francisco, California, against admitting printers' type free of duty, to ORDER OF BUSINESS. the Committee on Ways and Means. . The SPEAKER. Thi being Saturday, the first business in ord-er By .Mr. HALE, of New York: The petition of citizens of Warren is the call of committees for reports of a private nature. The morn­ County, New York, for the pa age of a bill for the relief of Daniel ing hour begins at twenty-five minutes past twelve o'clock. :M. Champlin, of Glen's Falls, New York, to the Committee on Invalid l\Ir. ELDREDGE. I move that the House now adjourn. I will Pensions. state that my object in making this motion is in order to secure a By l\Ir. HARMER : The petition of John W. :Massey, late consul session to-day for debate only, as there are several memberS' here who to Paso del Norte, Mexico, for relief, to the Committee on Foreign desire to submit remarks upon various subjects. Affairs. The SPEAKER. The Chair will state thAt there are a number of By Mr. E. R. HOAR : Papers relating to the application of Rollin committees who desire to be called for reports of a private nature. White, for extension of his letters-patent for improvements in fire­ After they have submitted their reports, the Chair will recognize the arms, to the Committee on Patents. gentleman to submit his motion. · • By lli. JEWETT: The petition of Minnie Messner, for a pension, The que tion was taken upon the motion to adjourn; and it was to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. not agreed to. By lli. KELLEY: The petition of Edward A. Sibley and others, of WILLIAM B. HALE. Philadelphia., for the repeal of the second section of the act of June l\Ir. SUART, from the Committee on Patents, reported adversely 6, 1872, which made a reduction of duties on certain imports, and pro­ upon the bill (H. R. No. 1647) to authorize the Commissioner of Patents test~~ against increasing internal taxes, to the Committee on Ways to receive and entertain an application of William Beale Hale for and .Means. letters-patent; which was laid on the table, and the report accom­ By lli. NILES: The petition of James T . Griffin and 706 others, citi­ panying the arne ordered to be printed. zens of l\fis is 'ippi, for an investigation into the disposition of the Chickai):1W cession school fund, to the Committee on.Education and M'CLL"'ITOCK YOUNG. LalJOr. Mr. Sl\IART also, from the same committee,. reported back witk a By Mr. PACKARD: The petition of citizens of Saint Joseph County, recommendation that the same do pass, the bill (H. R.No. 555)forthe Indiana, that a warrant for one hnnru·ed and sixty acres of land may relief of McClintock Young, of the State of MaryL'l>nd. be issued to each soldier who served ninety days in the war of the The question was upon ordering the bill to be engrossed and read rebellion, to the Committee on the Public Lands. a third time. By :Mr. PLATT, of Vircrinia: The petition of Martha J. Jameson, of The bill provides that the extension of the patent of McClintock