VULNERABLE POPULATIONS: INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY RESPONSIBILITIES

World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Monday, October 31, 2005

SPEAKERS’ BIOGRAPHIES

KEYNOTE ADDRESS:

ERNESTO ZEDILLO, Ph.D., Director, Center for the Study of Globalization, Yale University

Ernesto Zedillo is the Director of the Center for the Study of Globalization and Professor in the Field of International Economics and Politics at Yale University. He was President of Mexico from December 1994 to December 2000. He earned his undergraduate degree at the National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico and his master and doctoral degrees at Yale University. After leaving office, Mr. Zedillo became Chairman of the UN High Level Panel on Financing for Development and was a Distinguished Visiting Fellow at the London School of Economics. He served as Co- Coordinator of the UN Millennium Project Task Force on Trade and was Co- Chairman of the UN Commission on the Private Sector and Development along with Prime Minister Paul Martin of Canada. He is currently Chair of the Global Development Network and Co-Chairman of the International Task Force on Global Public Goods. In April he was appointed by the UN Secretary-General to serve as his Envoy for the upcoming September 2005 Summit in which heads of state and government will review implementation of the Millennium Declaration. Mr. Zedillo is a member of the Trilateral Commission, serves on the International Advisory Board of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Board of Directors of the Institute for International Economics and is a trustee of the World Economic Forum.

MODERATOR:

RALPH BEGLEITER, Distinguished Journalist in Residence, University of Delaware; former CNN World Affairs Correspondent

Ralph Begleiter brings more than 30 years of broadcast journalism experience to his appointment at the University of Delaware, where he teaches communication, journalism, and political science. During his two decades with CNN, Begleiter was the network’s most widely-traveled correspondent. He continues to travel, with university students to Cuba and Antarctica, and conducting media workshops in several countries under the auspices of the U.S. Department of State. He has visited some 93 countries on 6 continents. At CNN during the 1980’s and 1990’s, he covered the U.S. State Department, hosted a global public affairs show, and co- anchored CNN’s prestigious “International Hour.” In 1998, Begleiter wrote and anchored a 24-part series on the Cold War. He covered many historic events at the end of the 20th century, including virtually every high-level Soviet/Russian-American meeting; the Persian Gulf Crisis in 1990-91; the Dayton Bosnia Accords; Middle East Peace efforts; and many UN and NATO summit meetings. In recent years he has hosted the Foreign Policy Association’s annual “Great Decisions” television discussion series. He has received numerous press awards including, in 1994, the Weintal Prize from Georgetown University’s Graduate School of Foreign Service, one of diplomatic reporting’s highest honors. Begleiter has moderated each of the previous Hilton humanitarian conferences.

PANELISTS:

LOUISE ARBOUR, LL.L., United Nations High Commissioner For Human Rights

Louise Arbour was appointed UN High Commissioner for Human Rights in 2004. Ms. Arbour, a Canadian national, began a distinguished academic career in 1970, culminating in the positions of Associate Professor and Associate Dean at the Osgood Hall Law School of York University in Toronto, Canada. In 1987, she was appointed to the Supreme Court of Ontario (High Court of Justice) and in 1990 she was appointed to the Court of Appeal for Ontario. In 1995, Ms. Arbour was appointed by Order-in-Council as single Commissioner to conduct an inquiry into certain events at the Prisons for Women in Kingston, Ontario. In 1996, she was appointed by the Security Council of the United Nations as Chief Prosecutor for the International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda. After three years as Prosecutor, she resigned to take up an appointment to the Supreme Court of Canada. Ms. Arbour completed an LL.L (with distinction) from the Faculty of Law, University of Montreal in 1970. Following the Quebec Bar Admission Course, she was called to the Quebec Bar in 1971 and the Ontario Bar in 1977. Ms. Arbour has received honorary doctorates from twenty-seven universities and numerous medals and awards. She has published extensively on criminal law and given innumerable addresses on both national and international criminal law.

MAYRA BUVINIC, Sector Director for Gender and Development, World Bank

Mayra Buvinic is Sector Director for Gender and Development, PREM Network (Poverty Reduction Economic Management), World Bank. Between 1996 and 2004 she was Division Chief for Social Development at the Inter American Development Bank (IDB), where she oversaw work on the social sectors, including health, urban development, labor markets, early childhood development, social inclusion and violence prevention, and both the Women in Development Unit and the Indigenous Peoples Unit. Prior to working at the IDB, Ms. Buvinic was a founding member and President of the International Center for Research on Women (1978-2004). She is past President of the Association for Women’s Rights in Development (AWID) and member of a number of non-profit boards, including the International Water Management Institute, Sri Lanka, and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nigeria. A Chilean national, her published works are in the areas of gender, poverty and development; health and reproductive health; violence prevention; social inclusion and social cohesion; and project and program evaluations.

MELVIN L. CHEATHAM, M.D., FACS, Samaritan’s Purse

Melvin L. Cheatham is a neurosurgeon and a member of the Board of Directors of Samaritan's Purse and of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. Dr. Cheatham gave up his very successful neurosurgical practice to devote his full energies to medical relief work in developing countries and in areas of war and conflict. He and his wife volunteer their time doing relief work around the world through World Medical Mission, the medical arm of Samaritan's Purse. Dr. Cheatham is a Clinical Professor of Neurosurgery at the University of California (Los Angeles) Medical Center. He is past President of the California State Neurosurgical Society and a past President of the Western Neurosurgical Society, an organization of the top neurosurgeons from the Western United States and Canada. He is co-editor of an internationally renowned surgical textbook and has received prestigious awards from both the American and California Associations of Neurological Surgeons. Dr. Cheatham speaks nationally and internationally on humanitarian relief work, and is a special assistant to Dr. Franklin Graham, President of Samaritan’s Purse. He is the author of three books: “Come Walk With Me”, “Living A Life That Counts”, and “Make A Difference”, each book focusing upon our need to bring humanitarian assistance to “vulnerable populations” of the world. Because of Dr. Cheatham’s work he has received an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree.

2 FRANCIS M. DENG, Ph.D., Distinguished Visiting Scholar at the Kluge Center of the U.S. Library of Congress

Francis Mading Deng is a Distinguished Visiting Scholar at the Kluge Center of the Library of Congress and Research Professor of International Politics, Law and Society and the Director of the Center for Displacement Studies at the Johns Hopkins University Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) in Washington, D.C. From 1992-2004, Dr. Deng served as Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General on Internally Displaced Persons and was concurrently a Senior Fellow of the United States Institute of Peace during 2002- 03. He also has served as Human Rights Officer in the United Nations Secretariat, as Ambassador of Sudan to Canada, the Scandinavian countries and the United States, and as Sudan's Minister of State for Foreign Affairs. Dr. Deng co-founded the Brookings (now Brookings-SAIS) Project on Internal Displacement and was a Distinguished Professor at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. He has authored or edited more than 20 books and two novels. He holds an LL.B (Honours) from Khartoum University and an LL.M. and J.S.D. from Yale University.

BINETA DIOP, Executive Director and founder of Femmes Africa Solidarité

Bineta Diop of Senegal began her career in human rights 25 years ago as Program Coordinator of the International Commission of Jurists, where she obtained extensive experience in human rights issues in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Ms. Diop has led Femmes Africa Solidarité in numerous peace-building programs, including the creation of a strong West African women’s movement, the Mano River Women’s Peace Network (MARWOPNET). In 2003, the General Assembly awarded MARWOPNET the UN Prize in the field of Human Rights. Ms. Diop has observed elections in post-conflict areas and facilitated peace talks, particularly for Burundian and Congolese women. In 1999, she was appointed General Rapporteur to the UNESCO Pan-African Women’s Conference on a Culture of Peace. As a member of the African Women’s Committee for Peace and Development (AWCPD), Ms. Diop played an instrumental role in achieving gender parity within the African Union Commission in 2003. These efforts culminated in July of 2004 as the African Union adopted the “Solemn Declaration on Gender Equality in Africa.” In 2005, FAS organized the African Gender Forum which promotes South-South dialogue between African and Arab women leaders. Furthermore, Ms. Diop chairs the United Nations Working Group on Peace in Geneva, which is part of the NGO Committee on the Status of Women. In this capacity, she will monitor the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security.

JIM YONG KIM, M.D., Ph.D., Director, HIV/AIDS Department, World Health Organization

Jim Yong Kim, Director of the HIV/AIDS Department of the World Health Organization, is a physician-anthropologist and Founding Trustee of Partners In Health (PIH), a Harvard University-affiliated non-profit organization that supports health projects in poor communities in Peru, Mexico, Guatemala, Haiti, Russia, and the U.S. Dr. Kim is on leave from his position as Associate Professor of Medicine and Medical Anthropology and Director of the Program in Infectious Disease and Social Change at Harvard Medical School. He has also served as Chief of the Division of Social Medicine and Health Inequalities at Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston prior to joining WHO. He was the founding chairperson of the Green Light Committee for 2nd-line tuberculosis drugs and also served as chairperson of the WHO Working Group on DOTS-plus for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. His edited volume, Dying for Growth: Global Inequality and the Health of the Poor, examines the socioeconomic forces that impact health outcomes of the poor throughout the world. Dr. Kim was a recipient of the 2003 MacArthur “genius” fellowship and was a contributing editor for the World Health Report 2003 and the World Health Report 2004.

3 JOHN J. MARESCA, President, Business Humanitarian Forum

Amb. John Maresca was career American diplomat, and Ambassador to several multilateral organizations and negotiations, as well as a conflict mediator in the Caucasus and Mediterranean regions. He negotiated a number of landmark international agreements, including the Helsinki Final Act and the Charter of Paris for a New Europe, and was sent as Special Envoy to open U.S. relations with the newly independent States from the former USSR. Maresca served as an Assistant Secretary of Defense, and was chief of staff for two Secretary Generals of NATO. After leaving the Diplomatic Service, Maresca was Vice President of a major worldwide energy company and President of an international research institute. He is currently President of the Business Humanitarian Forum (www.bhforum.org), an international non-profit association based in Geneva, Switzerland, which brings business support to humanitarian work and facilitates private sector investment in post-conflict and developing regions. Ambassador Maresca has published widely on issues of international relations, conflict prevention, economic development and corporate social responsibility. He is a frequent visiting lecturer and has been a featured speaker in more than thirty countries. Maresca was born in Italy and educated at Yale University and the London School of Economics.

RICHARD A. MORFORD, Managing Director, Millennium Challenge Corporation

Mr. Morford is Managing Director for Donor and Multilateral Relations at the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). Since September 2002, he has been active in the effort to develop and realize the Millennium Challenge Account, an innovative U.S. foreign assistance initiative. Prior to joining MCC, Mr. Morford was a member of the U.S. Senior Foreign Service with the State Department. He served as Deputy Permanent Representative at the U.S. Mission to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development in Paris, Economic Minister Counselor in Seoul; Principal Officer in Fukuoka; Petroleum Officer in Jakarta; Trade Center Director in Osaka, and Political/Economic Reporting Officer in Singapore. He has held various positions in the State Department, including Director of the Office of European Union and Regional Affairs, Senior Advisor for Economics on the Policy Planning Staff, Senior Advisor for Asia in the Economic Bureau, Deputy Director of the Japan Desk, Deputy Director of the Office of Business Practices, and Trade Policy Officer for the East Asia Bureau. Mr. Morford graduated from Wabash College in 1971 with a degree in economics and received a Masters in Public Administration from Harvard University in 1978. He attended the State Department's Senior Seminar during the 1994-95 academic year. Mr. Morford is a native of Indianapolis, Indiana and currently resides in Vienna, Virginia. He is married and has two children.

OLARA A. OTUNNU, Former United Nations Under-Secretary-General, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict

From 1997-2005, Olara Otunnu served as the United Nations Special Representative to advocate and promote standards for the protection of children in times of war and conflict. Under his guidance, in 2005 the UN Security Council passed a historic unanimous resolution establishing a series of groundbreaking measures to ensure the protection of children exposed to armed conflict. Included is the establishment of a comprehensive monitoring and reporting mechanism which will name all offending parties, both insurgents and governments. An outspoken advocate for millions of children, Otunnu is also widely recognized for his contributions to international peace and security, conflict prevention, reform of multilateral institutions, human rights, and the future of Africa. In the 1970s, he was a leader in the resistance against the regime of Idi Amin in Uganda. In 1979, he was elected to the interim administration in the post-Amin period. He has served as Uganda's Permanent Representative to the United Nations and was Minister for Foreign Affairs. At the UN, Otunnu served in a variety of roles, including President of the Security Council. He currently serves on the boards of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, the Aspen Institute, Carnegie Corporation of New York, and the Jury for the Conrad N. Hilton Humanitarian Prize. Otunnu has received several major awards, including the German Africa Prize (2002) and he will receive the prestigious Sydney Peace Prize in November 2005.

4 JOHN PRENDERGAST, Special Adviser to the President, International Crisis Group

Mr. Prendergast has focused most of his twenty-year career on conflict resolution in Africa and shaping U.S. foreign policy toward the region. He worked for the Clinton administration from 1996 to 2001, and has worked for a variety of NGOs and think tanks in Africa and the U.S. In addition to peace-making, he has also focused on human rights promotion and humanitarian action, as well as authoring or co- authoring seven books on Africa, including Frontline Diplomacy: Humanitarian Aid and Conflict in Africa. From 1996 to 1999, he was Director, African Affairs at the U.S. National Security Council, before becoming a Special Advisor at the Department of State for two years. He has written numerous op-eds and commentary pieces for major newspapers, including most recently The Washington Times, The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, USA Today, Los Angeles Times, and the Boston Globe. He is also frequently interviewed by local and international media outlets, including most recently: CBS, ABC, PBS, Fox, CNN, BBC, al-Jazeera, The New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, Guardian, Le Monde, Business Day (South Africa), The Nation (Kenya), and This Day (Nigeria).

PAUL RUSESABAGINA, Founder, Hotel Rwanda Rusesabagina Foundation

Paul Rusesabagina, the former manager of the Mille Collines hotel in Kigali, Rwanda, was born in 1954 at Murama-Gitarama in the Central-South of the country. After finishing school, he was employed by Sabena as a front office manager in their new Hotel Akagera in a national park, where he discovered the tourism and hotel industry. In 1980, he pursued this field at the Kenya Utalii College in Nairobi, where he studied Hotel Management until his graduation in 1984 in Switzerland. Upon his return to Rwanda, he joined Sabena again, as assistant general manager in the Mille Collines in Kigali until 1993, when he was promoted to general manager at the Diplomate hotel. When the genocide began, he returned to the Mille Collines and remained there for almost the entire span of the 100-day genocide. He took over as general manager after many of the hotel’s staff had fled, opting instead to shelter over 1,200 people threatened by the Hutu-led Interhamwe militias who were slaughtering the Tutsi population. Rusesabagina, a Hutu, stayed with his wife, a Tutsi, and their children, using his position and ingenuity to shelter orphans and refugees in the hotel. In 1996, he and his family became refugees in Belgium and have lived there since. In 2004, his story was told in the film, “Hotel Rwanda.” Rusesabagina set up the Hotel Rwanda Rusesabagina Foundation to help survivors of the Rwandan genocide. In June 2005, he was awarded the United Nations World Refugee Day Humanitarian Award.

JEFFREY D. SACHS, Ph.D., Director, The Earth Institute at Columbia University and Special Advisor to U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan on the Millennium Development Goals

Jeffrey D. Sachs is the director of The Earth Institute, Quetelet Professor of Sustainable Development, and Professor of Health Policy and Management at Columbia University, and a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research. He is also special advisor to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan on a group of poverty alleviation initiatives called the Millennium Development Goals. Prior to joining Columbia, Sachs spent more than twenty years at Harvard University, most recently as director of the Center for International Development. Sachs became internationally known in the 1980’s for his work advising governments in Latin America, Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia, and Africa on economic reforms. He is co-chairman of the advisory board of The Global Competitiveness Report, and has been a consultant to the IMF, the World Bank, the OECD, and the United Nations Development Programme. During 2000-2001, he was chairman of the Commission on Macroeconomics and Health of the World Health Organization, and from September 1999 through March 2000 he served as a member of the International Financial Institutions Advisory Commission established by the U.S. Congress. He is author or co-author of more than two hundred scholarly articles, and has written, co-written, or edited over 25 books. A native of Detroit, Michigan, Sachs received his bachelor of arts, master of arts, and doctorate degrees at Harvard University, all in International Economics.

5 VANESSA J. TOBIN, Chief of Water, Environment and Sanitation Section, UNICEF

Chief of the Water, Environment and Sanitation (WES) Section of UNICEF since May 2001, Vanessa Tobin has enjoyed 25 years of successful service and visionary leadership in international development. A national of the United Kingdom, Ms. Tobin obtained a BSc. in civil engineering from Birmingham University in the UK and a M.Sc. in Public Health from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. She earned a Master of Public Administration degree from Harvard University in 1999. In her seventeen years of service to UNICEF, Ms. Tobin has been stationed in Nepal, Pakistan, Egypt and New York. Prior to her appointment as Chief of the WES Section, Ms. Tobin served two years as Senior Adviser for the Health Section in New York. Before joining UNICEF, Ms. Tobin worked as a civil engineer for the British Government as a sanitary engineer in the UK and in Nepal; served as a consultant for the NGO ACORD in Southern Sudan and as a Technical Cooperation Officer for the British Government (DfID) in Lesotho.

ROGER P. WINTER, United States Special Representative for Sudan

Roger Winter was appointed Special Representative for Sudan by the U.S. Department of State in July 2005. He has been involved in humanitarian and conflict issues in Sudan for 25 years and was a member of the U.S. team that helped negotiate the Comprehensive Peace Agreement signed in January 2005. From 2001 to 2005, Winter was the Assistant Administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), responsible for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance. In that capacity he helped negotiate the April 2004 cease-fire agreement for Darfur and worked to integrate a focus on Internally displaced persons (IDPs) and civilian protection into USAID programming. Winter worked on U.S. domestic poverty issues for the first fifteen years of his career, making a transition to an international focus when he became the Director of the U.S. Office of Refugee Resettlement at the time of large scale resettlement of refugees from Indochina, the Soviet Union, Ethiopia, Afghanistan and Eastern Europe, as well as the Mariel "Boat Lift" from Cuba. In 1981 he became the Executive Director of the non-governmental U.S. Committee for Refugees (USCR) and for more than 20 years focused on public education and advocacy regarding protection of refugees and IDPs USCR gained a strong reputation for critical work on civil conflict and protection of uprooted and war-affected civilians, especially in Sudan, East Africa and the Horn.

6 ADDENDUM—SUBSTITUTING FOR JOHN PRENDERGAST

COLIN S. THOMAS-JENSEN, Advocacy and Research Officer for Africa, International Crisis Group

Mr. Thomas-Jensen is based in the International Crisis Group’s office in Washington DC, where he has a roving brief of advocacy and research responsibilities across Africa. He joined Crisis Group from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), where he was an information officer on the humanitarian response team for Darfur. Earlier, he served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Ethiopia (1998-1999) and Mozambique (1999-2001). He has traveled extensively in East and Southern Africa. Colin received his Master’s Degree in African Studies at the University of London’s School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) in 2003, with a concentration in the history of Islam in Africa, African politics, and Islamic family law. He graduated from Pomona College (California) in 1997. Mr. Thomas-Jensen has authored commentaries in the Boston Globe, Business Day (SA), the East African, and elsewhere.

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