DOCSLIB.ORG

T023 Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
T023 Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents T023 Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents Questions from chapter 1 1) Pediatric anxiety disorders affect approximately what percent of children and adolescents at some point in their lives? a) 15% b) 20% c) 25% d) 30% 2) According to LeDoux (1995) the brain state associated with the response to a CS is what type of fear? a) response-specific b) situation-specific c) cue-specific d) species-specific 3) According to Bechara et al. (1995) lesion-deficit studies show a critical role in the fear conditioning process is played by the a) pons b) corpus callosum c) prefrontal cortex d) amygdala 4) Which test of attention has participants name the color of a word while ignoring the word meaning? a) emotional stroop test b) STAI c) rainbow test d) hue discrimination test 5) According to LeDoux (1993) another name for a emotional learning is emotional memory. a) True b) False Questions from chapter 2 6) According to Kagan et al. (1988) research over the past 10-15 years has focused on what temperamental construct of anxiety disorders? a) avoidance conditioning b) emotional learned helplessness c) emotional accommodation d) behavioral inhibition to the unfamiliar 7) BI manifest differently at different ages. a) True b) False 8) BI appears to have what level of heritability? a) negligible b) low c) moderate d) high ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com 9) Associated constructs that capture similar variation to BI in child temperament or behavior, include all EXCEPT a) shyness b) social fearfulness c) separation anxiety d) social withdrawal 10) In a study of at-risk offspring Rosenbaum et al. (2000) found BI in offspring was significantly associated with a lifetime history of parental a) anxiety b) psychosis c) drug or alcohol abuse d) depression Questions from chapter 3 11) What does Kazdin (1989) describe as "The study of clinical dysfunction over the course of development"? a) developmental psychopathology b) ontological mapping c) psychogenesis d) longitudinal navigation 12) What laboratory task did Ainsworth et al. (1978) use to study parent-child attachment? a) visual cliff b) Barney-exposure task c) strange situation d) hall of mirrors 13) What did LaGreca et al. (1988) find to be inversely related to social anxiety in children and adolescents? a) socio-economic status b) peer acceptance c) intelligence d) athletic ability 14) What instrument to measure friendship quality was developed by Parker and Asher (1993)? a) Friendships Qualities Scale b) Network of Relations Inventory c) Friendships Interview d) Friendship Quality Questionnaire 15) What family therapy process is based on behavioral family intervention strategies proven effective in the treatment of disruptive behavior disorders? a) behavioral family therapy b) systemic family therapy c) family anxiety management d) family disruption management ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com Questions from chapter 4 16) According to Plomin et al. (2001) adoption studies difficulties include all EXCEPT a) adoptive families are not representative of the general population b) biological mothers provide the child's environment for nine months c) the biological father's history is often unknown d) selective placement occurs 17) Achenbach (1991) states that parents are rather poor at distinguishing between anxiety and depression in their children. a) True b) False 18) Legrand et al. (1999) found that trait anxiety symptoms were moderately heritable, with genes accounting for how much of the variance? a) 40% b) 45% c) 50% d) 55% 19) According to the studies reviewed by Eley and Stevenson (1999b) little of the covariation between anxiety and depression can be explained by genetic factors. a) True b) False 20) Plomin et al. (1977) list 3 types of gene-environment correlations which include all EXCEPT a) passive b) evocative c) active d) inhibitory Questions from chapter 5 21) Stallings and March (1995) proposed selection criteria for assessment instruments which include all EXCEPT a) provide reliable and valid information b) are immune to treatment effects c) discriminate among symptom clusters d) incorporate multiple observations 22) Which is considered the "gold standard" interview for assessing anxiety in youths? a) SADS b) DISC-IV c) ADIS-C/P d) DICA-R 23) Which is a 45 item self-report instrument that screens for anxiety symptoms experienced by children and adolescents. a) BASC b) TASC c) RASC d) MASC ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com 24) Which is a semistructured clinical interview used to evaluate the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among children and adolescents 6-17 years old? a) CY-BOCS b) MONK c) OCD-CA d) DIS-U 25) Family observation research suggests that mothers and fathers of anxious children may do all EXCEPT a) experience heightened levels of anxiety b) try to vicariously experience life through their children c) have a parenting style marked by overprotection intrusiveness and control d) model and reinforce perceived threat and anxiety related avoidance Questions from chapter 6 26) What is considered by some to be the defining feature of GAD? a) avoidance b) perseverance c) frustration d) worry 27) Rapee (1991) has suggested that GAD may be nothing more than high levels of a) state anxiety b) serotonin c) trait anxiety d) norepinephrine 28) Prevalence rates of GAD using strict diagnostic criteria range from a) 2-4% b) 4-6% c) 6-8% d) 8-10% 29) What describes a temperamental feature characterized by irritability in infancy, fearfulnesses in toddlerhood, and shyness, wariness, and withdrawal in childhood? a) insecure attachment b) reactive attachment c) emotional inhibition d) behavioral inhibition 30) Simeon et al. (1992) found no significant difference between alprazolam and placebo in children and adolescents diagnosed with overanxious or avoidant disorders. a) True b) False Questions from chapter 7 31) Which social situation was most feared by children with social phobia? a) musical or athletic performances b) reading aloud in front of the class c) joining in on a conversation d) speaking to adults ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com 32) Ost (1985) reported what percent of subjects with social phobia attributed its onset to a direct traumatic conditioning event? a) 38% b) 48% c) 58% d) 68% 33) The first treatment program designed specifically for socially phobic youths is a) SET-C b) INVIVO c) GCBT-A d) SHY 34) What is usually considered the first-line pharmacological agent for social phobia? a) tricyclics b) anaxiolitics c) neuroleptics d) SSRIs Questions from chapter 8 35) Separation anxiety became a distinct clinical diagnostic category in a) DSM-I b) DSM-II c) DSM-III d) DSM-IV 36) According to Kashani & Orvaschel (1990) the prevalence of reported SAD symptoms without significant impairment in a eight-year-olds is up to a) 50% b) 55% c) 60% d) 65% 37) School-refusal behavior or school phobia is a separate diagnostic category from SAD. a) True b) False 38) Hersen et al. (1987) found 53% of mothers of SAD children had a lifetime diagnosis of a) major depression b) an anxiety disorder c) chemical dependency d) a personality disorder 39) Silverman & Berman (2001) found general consensus that the methods of choice for anxiety disorders are exposure based a) interpersonal treatments b) cognitive-behavioral treatments c) psychodynamic treatments d) rational emotive treatments ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com Questions from chapter 9 40) According to Ollendick et al. (1994) most cases of PD occur in a) female children b) male children c) adolescent females d) adolescent males 41) The 3 types of panic attacks include all EXCEPT a) uncued b) cued c) situationally bound d) situationally predisposed 42) Up to what percent of children and adolescents with PD have other, comorbid anxiety disorders? a) 80% b) 85% c) 90% d) 95% 43) The treatment for PD evolving from Barlow's (2002) perspective is known as a) stop drop & role-play b) panic control treatment c) the worry worm d) the turtle technique 44) For an appropriate acute trial to treat PD, the SSRIs should be administered for least a) 12 weeks b) 16 weeks c) 24 weeks d) 36 weeks Questions from chapter 10 45) At any given time, what percent of children and adolescents suffer from clinically significant OCD? a) 0.5-1% b) 1-2% c) 3-5% d) 5-8% 46) In clinical samples, the mean age of onset for OCD was a) 7 b) 10 c) 13 d) 16 47) Which assessment instrument was specifically designed to save time in collecting information? a) CMDQ b) CY-BOCS c) ADIS-C d) MASC ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com ce4less.com 48) Which was the first medication to be studied in treating OCD in children and adolescents? a) sertraline b) clomipramine c) fluvoxamine d) citalopram 49) Which is NOT a criteria necessary to diagnose PANDAS? a) postpubertal symptom onset b) presence of OCD, a tic disorder or both c) episodic course of symptom severity d) association with neurological abnormalities Questions from chapter 11 50) Giaconia et al. (1995) found what percent of adolescents in a community school sample experienced a PTSD-qualifying trauma by age 18? a) 40% b) 45% c) 50% d) 55% 51) Which is NOT a DSM-IV criteria of PTSD? a) subsequent reexperiencing of the event b) increased goal directed behaviors c) consequent avoidance or numbing of general responsiveness d) persistent increased arousal 52) Regarding comorbidity, Giaconia et al. (1995) found adolescents with PTSD had a 25% increased risk of a) drug dependence b) social anxiety c) specific phobia d) alcohol dependence 53) Most reports tend to treat ASD as a) a normal developmental stage b) not a valid diagnosis c) provisional PTSD d) an urban legend 54) There is little or no empirical evidence to support combining treatments for PTSD within or across treatment modalities.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Anxiety Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence Jesse C
    Anxiety Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence Jesse C. Rhoads, DO & Craig L. Donnelly, MD 1. Background, EpidEmiology and rElEvancE Anxiety symptoms are ubiquitous in youth. Clinicians need to be familiar with the normal developmental course of anxieties in youth and their consequent mastery by children in order to differentiate normative versus pathological anxiety. Anxiety symptoms do not necessarily constitute an anxiety disorder. Fear and anxiety are common experiences across childhood and adolescence. The clinician evaluating childhood anxiety disorders faces the task of differentiating the normal, transient and developmentally appropriate expressions of anxiety from pathological anxiety. Adept assessment and management of anxiety symptoms through reassurance, anticipatory guidance and psychoeducation of parents may forestall the development of full blown anxiety syndromes. Anxiety disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents affecting from 7-15% of individuals under 18 years of age. Anxiety disorders are not rare and often mimic or are comorbid with other childhood disorders. Symptoms such as school refusal, tantrums, or irritability may be less reflective of oppositional behavior than an underlying social phobia or generalized anxiety disorder. Given the uniqueness of each child and the complex interplay among the internal and external variables that drive anxiety, a multimodal approach to diagnosis and treatment is warranted. Anxiety disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders that vary in their etiology, treatment, and prognosis. Given these differences, we will discuss each condition individually to help the primary care clinician in parsing out the necessary details of each disorder. Separation anxiety disorder The estimated prevalence of SAD is 4-5%, making it one of the most common childhood psychiatric disorders.
    [Show full text]
  • Addison's Disease Elucidating PANDAS
    PRACTICE BUILDING Naturopathic Specialty Practice: Keys to NATUROPATHIC DOCTOR NEWS & REVIEW Making It Successful ..........................>>10 Darin Ingels, ND VOLUME 10 ISSUE 4 April 2014 | Autoimmune / ALLER gy Medicine Sometimes specialty practices happen by accident. A case study and some tips help pave the way for Tolle Causam success. TOLLE CAUSAM Autoimmunity and the Gut: Elucidating PANDAS How Intestinal Inflammation Contributes to Autoimmune Disease .....................>>12 Follow-Up Discussion of an Immune-Mediated Jenny Berg, ND, LAc Kelly Baker, ND, LAc Intestinal flora influences our immune system’s Mental Illness ability to differentiate self from non-self. Steven Rondeau, ND, BCIA-EEG VIS MEDICATRIX NATURAE Allergy Elimination Technique: Simplified ANDAS is an acronym for “Pediatric Treatment of Difficult Cases ..............>>15 PAutoimmune Neuropsychiatric Sheryl Wagner, ND Disorder Associated with Streptococcus.” A few case studies illustrate the surprisingly broad This condition, which was initially application of NAET with patients. identified by Sue Swedo, MD, and DOCERE described in the American Journal of Autoimmune Infertility in Women: Psychiatry in 1998,1 is characterized by Part 2 ...................................................>>16 abrupt-onset obsessive-compulsive Fiona McCulloch, BSc, ND disorder (OCD) and/or other Intestinal support, autoimmune diet, and neuropsychiatric symptoms in a child. (See nutraceuticals help reverse a common cause of Table 1 for Swedo’s original diagnostic female infertility. criteria.) In my previous NDNR paper NATUROpaTHIC NEWS from 2010,2 I described the presentation, history and controversy surrounding this Association Spotlight: An Introduction newly identified syndrome. Since that to the ANRI and NORI .........................>>20 time, several other groups have sought Colleen Huber, NMD to better redefine this condition, and the Dr Huber introduces ANRI & NORI, organizations committed to the advancement of research & acronym, PANS, or Pediatric Acute-Onset education on chronic disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Nutritional and Herbal Supplements in the Treatment of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
    Open access Review Gen Psych: first published as 10.1136/gpsych-2019-100159 on 11 March 2020. Downloaded from Nutritional and herbal supplements in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder Canan Kuygun Karcı ,1 Gonca Gül Celik2 To cite: Kuygun Karcı C, Gül ABSTRACT pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin Celik G. Nutritional and herbal Obsessive- compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), the tricyclic supplements in the treatment disorder that is characterised by obsessions and antidepressant clomipramine, or serotonin of obsessive compulsive compulsions. The recommended treatments for OCD disorder. General Psychiatry noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors such as are cognitive– behavioural therapy using exposure and 8 9 2020;33:e100159. doi:10.1136/ venlafaxine or duloxetine. response prevention and/or pharmacotherapy. On the other gpsych-2019-100159 Limited effectiveness and possible side hand, some nutritional and herbal supplements may be effects of present treatments have lead to the Received 03 October 2019 effective in the treatment of OCD. Nutritional and herbal Revised 02 December 2019 supplements in OCD treatment will be reviewed in this search for alternative strategies. It is known Accepted 19 December 2019 paper. PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library and Google that various nutritional deficiencies can Scholar databases were reviewed for the topic. There are be detected in patients with mental disor- some supplements that have been researched in OCD ders. Therefore, nutritional supplements treatment studies such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic are thought to be effective in treatment. acid, homocysteine, trace elements, N- acetyl cysteine, In this paper, use of nutritional and herbal glycine, myoinositol, St John’s wort, milk thistle, valerian supplements in the treatment of OCD will be root, curcumin and borage.
    [Show full text]
  • Illinois Pandas/Pans Advisory Council
    ILLINOIS PANDAS/PANS ADVISORY COUNCIL 2020 Report December 20, 2020 Compiled by: Wendy C Nawara, MSW Dareen Siri, MD, FAAAAI, FACAAI ILLINOIS PANDAS/PANS ADVISORY COUNCIL – 2020 REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS ILLINOIS PANDAS/PANS ADVISORY COUNCIL ................................................................................. 3 UNDERSTANDING PANDAS/PANS ................................................................................................... 4 Clinical Presentation ........................................................................................................... 4 Epidemiology/Demographics .............................................................................................. 5 Etiology and Disease Mechanisms for PANDAS (Post-streptococcal symptoms) .......................... 6 STANDARD DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATMENT GUIDELINES ............................................................... 7 Absolute Criteria ................................................................................................................. 7 Major Criteria ...................................................................................................................... 7 Minor Criteria Group 1 ........................................................................................................ 7 Minor Criteria Group 2 ........................................................................................................ 7 Additional Supporting Evidence.........................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Psychosocial Risk Factors and Treatment for Children and Adolescents with OCD
    Psychosocial risk factors and treatment for children and adolescents with OCD Dr. Marian Kolta Psychologist The Royal Children’s Hospital Integrated Mental Health Program Learning Aims Outline: Define OCD Key associated comorbid disorders Psychosocial Risk Factors Psychosocial Treatment Obsessions and Compulsions Obsessions: Thoughts urges or images that are experienced as unwanted, intrusive and out-of-character Compulsions: Repetitive intentional behaviours or mental acts that are often linked to obsessions and serve to reduce discomfort or anxiety DSM Diagnostic Criteria Criteria A: Essential Components Recurrent obsessions or compulsions Obsessions z Not simple excessive worry about real-life problems z Person attempts to ignore or suppress or to neutralise them with some other thought or action z Person recognises that they are a product of their own mind (not thought insertion) Compulsions z Driven to perform behaviour or mental act z Aimed at reducing distress or preventing dreaded situation z Not realistically connected to what they are trying to prevent or clearly excessive DSM Diagnostic Criteria Criteria B: z The individual recognises the obsessive-compulsive symptoms are excessive or unreasonable Criteria C: z The obsessive-compulsive symptoms cause marked distress, are time consuming (>1hr/day), or significantly interferes with normal routine, functioning, or relationships Criteria D: z Not restricted to another Axis I disorder Criteria E: z Not due to direct physiological effects of a substance or general medication condition PrevalencePrevalence ofof OCDOCD The World Health Organisation lists obsessive-compulsive disorder as one of the five major causes of disability throughout the world. It is considered the fourth most common psychiatric condition, ranking after phobias, substance abuse disorders, and major depressive mood disorder.
    [Show full text]
  • How a Controversial Condition Called PANDAS Is Gaining Ground on Autism
    Spectrum | Autism Research News https://www.spectrumnews.org DEEP DIVE How a controversial condition called PANDAS is gaining ground on autism BY BRENDAN BORRELL 8 JANUARY 2020 Illustration and animation by Vanessa Branchi Adam Elliott was 2 years old when his parents began to suspect he might have autism. Adam had trouble making eye contact — one telltale sign of the condition — and there were other hints as well. He was a calm, inquisitive child most of the time, but some days at preschool, he would become unfocused and uncoordinated, fumbling with scissors as he tried to cut paper for art projects. By the time Adam entered elementary school, his traits had worsened. He began to experience severe separation anxiety and sensory overload in the noisy classroom. He became aggressive. When he was 6, for example, he believed his best friend was saying nasty things about him and scratched the friend in the face with a pencil. At home, Adam would often walk in circles, filled with anxiety. He eventually became so afraid that his food was poisoned, he refused to eat for long periods of time. Adam’s parents took him to a dozen different specialists during this time, including occupational therapists and psychologists. None were willing to attach a label to Adam’s condition, recalls his mother, Wendy Elliott. One doctor diagnosed Adam with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prescribed amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (Adderall), but it did little to quell the boy’s obsessive thoughts and behaviors. By 2015, when Adam was 8, Elliott began to fear she might have to have him hospitalized.
    [Show full text]
  • Differential Binding of Antibodies in PANDAS Patients to Cholinergic Interneurons in the Striatum
    HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Brain Behav Manuscript Author Immun. Author Manuscript Author manuscript; available in PMC 2019 March 01. Published in final edited form as: Brain Behav Immun. 2018 March ; 69: 304–311. doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2017.12.004. Differential binding of antibodies in PANDAS patients to cholinergic interneurons in the striatum Luciana Frick, Ph.D.1,#, Maximiliano Rapanelli, Ph.D.1,#, Kantiya Jindachomthong, BS1, Paul Grant, MD4, James F. Leckman, MD, Ph.D.2,3, Susan Swedo, MD4, Kyle Williams, MD, Ph.D.5,*, and Christopher Pittenger, MD, Ph.D.1,2,3,6,* 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University 2Department of Psychology, Yale University 3Child Study Center, Yale University 4Pediatrics and Developmental Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health 5Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School 6Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University Abstract Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcus, or PANDAS, is a syndrome of acute childhood onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in the aftermath of an infection with Group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS). Its pathophysiology remains unclear. PANDAS has been proposed to result from cross-reactivity of antibodies raised against GABHS with brain antigens, but the targets of these antibodies are unclear and may be heterogeneous. We developed an in vivo assay in mice to characterize the cellular targets of antibodies in serum from individuals with PANDAS. We focus on striatal interneurons, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of tic disorders. Sera from children with well-characterized PANDAS (n = 5) from a previously described clinical trial (NCT01281969), and matched controls, were infused into the striatum of mice; antibody binding to interneurons was characterized using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy.
    [Show full text]
  • Altered Cerebral Glucose Metabolism Normalized in a Patient with a Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder After Streptoc
    Nave et al. BMC Neurology (2018) 18:60 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1063-y CASE REPORT Open Access Altered cerebral glucose metabolism normalized in a patient with a pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder after streptococcal infection (PANDAS)-like condition following treatment with plasmapheresis: a case report A. H. Nave1,2*, P. Harmel1, R. Buchert3 and L. Harms1 Abstract Background: Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder after streptococcal infection (PANDAS) is a specific autoimmune response to group-A streptococcal infections in children and adolescents with a sudden onset of obsessive-compulsive disorders or tic-like symptoms. Cerebral metabolic changes of patients have not yet been observed. Case presentation: We present a case of an 18-year old male with a PANDAS-like condition after developing tic- like symptoms and involuntary movements three weeks after cardiac surgery. The patient had suffered from pharyngotonsillitis before the symptoms started. The anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer was elevated (805 kU/l). Antibiotic therapy did not improve his condition. Intravenous immunoglobulins and high-dose cortisone therapy had minor beneficial effects on his involuntary movements. 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/ computer tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) demonstrated pronounced hypermetabolism of the basal ganglia and cortical hypometabolism. The patient was treated with five cycles of plasmapheresis. A marked clinical improvement was observed after four months. Cerebral metabolic alterations had completely normalized. Conclusions: This is the first report of cerebral metabolic changes observed on FDG-PET/CT in a patient with a PANDAS-like condition with a normalization following immunomodulatory treatment. Cerebral FDG-PET/CT might be a promising tool in the diagnosis of PANDAS.
    [Show full text]
  • Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder
    Research Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS): Clinical Manifestations, IVIG Treatment Outcomes, Results from a Cohort of Italian Patients Piero Pavone1, Raffaele Falsaperla1, Francesco Nicita2, Andreana Zecchini3, Chiara Battaglia1, Alberto Spalice 2, Lucia Iozzi3, Enrico Parano4, Giovanna Vitaliti1, Alberto Verrotti5, Vincenzo Belcastro6, Sung Yoon Cho7,†, Dong-Kyu Jin7, Salvatore Savasta3 Abstract Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS) is characterized with main clinical features including obsessive-compulsive disorders and tics, acute-onset in prepubertal age, relapsing-remitting course, association with neurological abnormalities (mainly choreiform movements and motor hyperactivity), and temporal relationship with group A streptococcal infections. Thirty- four children with a serious- severe grade of PANDAS were enrolled in Italian Institutions with the aim to report clinical manifestations of the patients and their response to the intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. All patients were selected according to the Swedo‘s criteria and specific laboratory investigations as suggested by Chang for the PANS and treated with IVIG at the dosage of 2 g/kg/day for two consecutive days. At the onset, all patients presented with at least, one psychiatric manifestation including anxiety, emotional lability, bedwetting, enuresis, and phobia, and oppositional behavior including temper tantrums, personality changes, and deterioration in math skills and handwriting. At the laboratory investigations, positivity of pharyngeal swab for streptococcal infection in most of the patients and variable titers of anti-DNase B and ASO were found. In 29 patients reduction or disappearing of the motor symptoms were reached after 1 or 2 cycles of IVIG treatment, while in 5 patients the symptoms reappeared after the third cycle of IVIG.
    [Show full text]
  • Mental Health in Adolescents
    Mental Health in Adolescents Dr. Nevine Estaphan Dr. Samira Khan Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Fellow Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry West Virginia University Pediatric Depression Depression in Primary Care • Adolescent depression often identified by PCP’s • shortage of mental health providers • perceived stigma • lack of adequate healthcare coverage • Many feel inadequately trained, supported, and reimbursed • Untreated depression → suicide Epidemiology • Prevalence of depression • 1-3% in prepubertal children • 3-8% in adolescents • However, lifetime prevalence of MDD in adolescents as high as 18% in one study • Adult depression has roots in adolescence • Before puberty -> 1:1 ratio • During adolescence -> 2:1 ratio for girls • 70-80% of adolescents do not receive treatment Risk factors • Genetic predisposition - 1st degree relatives • Parental depression may be a contributing factor • Abuse and neglect • Previous depressive episodes • History of anxiety disorders, ADHD, learning disabilities, and early losses • Family dysfunction or caregiver-child conflict • Peer problems • Academic problems • Negative style of interpreting events or coping with stress • Chronic illness Criteria for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) • Asterisk symptoms must be present for most of the day nearly every day for at least 2 weeks, with other symptoms present during the same period • Must have 5 (SIGECAPS): • Depressed or irritable mood* • Anhedonia in almost all activities* • Change in appetite/weight • Insomnia or hypersomnia • Psychomotor
    [Show full text]
  • PRACTICE GUIDELINE for the Treatment of Patients with Eating Disorders Third Edition
    PRACTICE GUIDELINE FOR THE Treatment of Patients With Eating Disorders Third Edition WORK GROUP ON EATING DISORDERS Joel Yager, M.D., Chair Michael J. Devlin, M.D. Katherine A. Halmi, M.D. David B. Herzog, M.D. James E. Mitchell III, M.D. Pauline Powers, M.D. Kathryn J. Zerbe, M.D. This practice guideline was approved in December 2005 and published in June 2006. A guideline watch, summarizing significant developments in the scientific literature since publication of this guideline, may be available in the Psychiatric Practice section of the APA web site at www.psych.org. 1 Copyright 2010, American Psychiatric Association. APA makes this practice guideline freely available to promote its dissemination and use; however, copyright protections are enforced in full. No part of this guideline may be reproduced except as permitted under Sections 107 and 108 of U.S. Copyright Act. For permission for reuse, visit APPI Permissions & Licensing Center at http://www.appi.org/CustomerService/Pages/Permissions.aspx. AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION STEERING COMMITTEE ON PRACTICE GUIDELINES John S. McIntyre, M.D., Chair Sara C. Charles, M.D., Vice-Chair Daniel J. Anzia, M.D. Ian A. Cook, M.D. Molly T. Finnerty, M.D. Bradley R. Johnson, M.D. James E. Nininger, M.D. Paul Summergrad, M.D. Sherwyn M. Woods, M.D., Ph.D. Joel Yager, M.D. AREA AND COMPONENT LIAISONS Robert Pyles, M.D. (Area I) C. Deborah Cross, M.D. (Area II) Roger Peele, M.D. (Area III) Daniel J. Anzia, M.D. (Area IV) John P. D. Shemo, M.D. (Area V) Lawrence Lurie, M.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
    Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Differential diagnosis and treatment Albanese_ffirs.indd i 1/23/2012 10:47:45 AM Wiley Desktop Edition This book gives you free access to a Wiley Desktop Edition – a digital, interactive version of your book available on your PC, Mac, laptop or Apple mobile device. To access your Wiley Desktop Edition: • Find the redemption code on the inside front cover of this book and carefully scratch away the top coating of the label. • Visit “http://www.vitalsource.com/software/bookshelf/downloads” to download the Bookshelf application. • Open the Bookshelf application on your computer and register for an account. • Follow the registration process and enter your redemption code to download your digital book. • For full access instructions, visit “http://www.wiley.com/go/albanese/movement” Companion Web Site A companion site with all the videos cited in this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/albanese/movement Albanese_ffirs.indd ii 1/23/2012 10:47:45 AM Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders Differential diagnosis and treatment EDITED BY Alberto Albanese MD Professor of Neurology Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy Joseph Jankovic MD Professor of Neurology Director, Parkinson’s Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic Department of Neurology Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Albanese_ffirs.indd iii 1/23/2012 10:47:45 AM This edition first published 2012, © 2012 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell.
    [Show full text]