1. Introduction
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Biodiversity and Distribution of Cyanobacteria at Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica
ACyctaan oBboatcatneriicaa eMasat lAacnittaarnctai c3a3. 17-28 Málaga, 201078 BIODIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF CYANOBACTERIA AT DRONNING MAUD LAND, EAST ANTARCTICA Shiv Mohan SINGH1, Purnima SINGH2 & Nooruddin THAJUDDIN3* 1National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research, Headland Sada, Vasco-Da-Gama, Goa 403804, India. 2Department of Biotechnology, Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India. 3Department of Microbiology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 024, Tamilnadu, India. *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Recibido el 20 febrero de 2008, aceptado para su publicación el 5 de junio de 2008 Publicado "on line" en junio de 2008 ABSTRACT. Biodiversity and distribution of cyanobacteria at Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica.The current study describes the biodiversity and distribution of cyanobacteria from the natural habitats of Schirmacher land, East Antarctica surveyed during 23rd Indian Antarctic Expedition (2003–2004). Cyanobacteria were mapped using the Global Positioning System (GPS). A total of 109 species (91 species were non-heterocystous and 18 species were heterocystous) from 30 genera and 9 families were recorded; 67, 86 and 14 species of cyanobacteria were identified at altitudes of sea level >100 m, 101–150 m and 398–461 m, respectively. The relative frequency and relative density of cyanobacterial populations in the microbial mats showed that 11 species from 8 genera were abundant and 6 species (Phormidium angustissimum, P. tenue, P. uncinatum Schizothrix vaginata, Nostoc kihlmanii and Plectonema terebrans) could be considered as dominant species in the study area. Key words. Antarctic, cyanobacteria, biodiversity, blue-green algae, Schirmacher oasis, Species distribution. RESUMEN. Biodiversidad y distribución de las cianobacterias de Dronning Maud Land, Antártida Oriental. En este estudio se describe la biodiversidad y distribución de las cianobacterias presentes en los hábitats naturales de Schirmacher, Antártida Oriental, muestreados durante la 23ª Expedición India a la Antártida (2003-2004). -
Studies of Cyanobacterial Distribution in Estuary Region of Southeastern Coast of Tamilnadu, India
Research Article J. Algal Biomass Utln. 2013, 4 (3): 26–34 Cyanobacterial distribution in estuary region of southeastern coast of Tamilnadu, India. ISSN: 2229- 6905 Studies of Cyanobacterial distribution in estuary region of southeastern coast of Tamilnadu, India. G.Ramanathan*1, R.Sugumar2, A.Jeevarathinam3and K.Rajarathinam4 1Department of Microbiology, V.H.N.Senthikumara Nadar College, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu. 2Dr.G.Venkatasamy Eye Research Institute, AMRF, Madurai, Tamilnadu. 3 Microbiology Department, V.V.V College, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu. 4Department of Botany, V.H.N.Senthikumara Nadar College, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu. * Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] Phone: 91 436 2264667 Fax: 91 436 2264120 Abstract: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic autotrophs, which almost covers the world prominently by exhibiting different adaptations to their locations and perform important functional asset to that ecosystem. Such tendencies help mankind in various ways such as energy fuel, food, medicine and also in bioremediation process. Marine cyanobacterial distributions are start from the estuary region to epipelagic zone of seas and ocean. Estuaries are transitional ecosystems between the ocean and freshwater biome, the benthic and picoplanktonic cultures in it. Estuarine cyanobacteria can alter phytoplankton succession, competition and bloom formation. The biodiversity of cyanobacteria were investigated in two estuaries regions such as Periyasamipuram and Keelzhavaippar in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu, India. The cyanobacterial mats were collected in three different seasons and cultivated in different media such as ASNIII and BG11 marine broth. Morphological characterization was done. Among the two regions, cyanobacterial diversity study at Periyasamipuram site showed about fourteen genera of cyanobacteria such as Oscillatoria, Lyngbya, Microcystis, Spirullina, Chroococcus and Calothrix were dominant with 36 cyanobacterial species under five families were reported when compared to other region studied. -
89 Cavitational Influence on the Bacillus Cereus
INCD ECOIND – INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM – SIMI 2016 “THE ENVIRONMENT AND THE INDUSTRY”, PROCEEDINGS BOOK CAVITATIONAL INFLUENCE ON THE BACILLUS CEREUS BACTERIA AND OSCILLATORIA BREVIS CYANOBACTERIA Iryna Z. Koval1 1Department of General Chemistry, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Bandera str., 12, Lviv 79013, Ukraine. Email: [email protected] Abstract Cavitation action has shown high efficiency of water purification of bacterial cells and cyanobacteria. The general and combined relative series of Bacillus cereus effective destruction in water medium under cavitational conditions in the gas atmosphere is: Ar/US > О2/US > Не/US > СО2/US. It was detected mechanical destructions of the bacterial cells after 1 minute of sonication process and almost completely destroyed cyanobacteria after sonication time of 2-3 seconds. Destruction of bacterial cells is described by a kinetic reaction of the first order. Even short-term sonication of low intensity and low frequency leads to completely mechanical destruction of microorganisms. Bacterial cells after disaggregation retains morphological features and fully viable. But, despite this, B. cereus and Oscillatoria brevis have lost the ability of physiological generation of the cells and reproduction ability after cavitational treatment. Keywords: Bacillus cereus, cavitation, cell destruction, Oscillatoria brevis, water purification. 1 Introduction Cavitational phenomena are widely used in different spheres nowadays, especially as a water disinfection method [1, 2]. But there is not enough experimental data to create the scientific basis for the use of a cavitation in the processes of water purification of mıcroorganısms (MO) that requires a more detailed and in-depth study. According to our previous studies, an efficiency of natural water disinfection using cavitation alone was 86.5-88.3% [3], but efficiency of sewage disinfection from pharmaceutical enterprise durıng combıned actıon of gas of dıfferent nature and cavıtatıon was 91.6- 97.9% [3]. -
Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Chemical Constituents of the Freshwater Microalga Oscillatoria Princeps
Article Volume 12, Issue 1, 2022, 961 - 977 https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC121.961977 Antimicrobial Activity, Cytotoxicity and Chemical Constituents of the Freshwater Microalga Oscillatoria princeps Diaa A. Marrez 1,* , Yousef Y. Sultan 1, Mohamed M. Naguib 1, Aziz M. Higazy 2 1 Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt 2 Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt * Correspondence: [email protected]; Scopus Author ID 56288678900 (D.A.M) 36480540200 (Y.Y.S) Received: 26.01.2021; Revised: 10.04.2021; Accepted: 14.04.2021; Published: 26.04.2021 Abstract: The microalgae Oscillatoria sp. are promising sources of bioactive metabolites used in both pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. The main objective of present study is to determine the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, and chemical profile of Oscillatoria princeps r extracts and its fractions. O. princeps extracts were prepared by successive extraction method, and chemical constituents were identified using GC-MS. Diethyl ether extract (DEE) had antimicrobial activity against all tested microorganisms and the highest inhibition zones 20.7 and 20.2 mm was observed against P. aeruginosa and A. flavus, respectively. Also, DEE showed an anticancer activity with IC50 values of 35.18, 46.6, and 79.18 µg ml-1 against breast cancer (MCF7), colon cancer (HCT116), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HePG2) cell lines, respectively. By DEE fractionation, fraction F7 showed the highest antimicrobial activity followed by fraction F4 with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged between 0.5 and 1.9 mg ml-1. Fraction F4 recorded anticancer activity against HCT116, -1 MCF7, and HePG2 with IC50 of 22.62, 24.43, and 102.52 µg ml , respectively. -
Diversity of Oscillatoria from Aquatic Habitats of Billawar, District Kathua, Jammu & Kashmir, India
January 2018, Volume 5, Issue 1 JETIR (ISSN-2349-5162) DIVERSITY OF OSCILLATORIA FROM AQUATIC HABITATS OF BILLAWAR, DISTRICT KATHUA, JAMMU & KASHMIR, INDIA *Bharat Bhushan1 and Devendra Kumar2 1Department of Botany, North India College of Higher Education, Najibabad, U.P., India 2Department of Botany, Devta Degre College, Morna, U.P., India Abstract: The genus Oscillatoria Vaucher is one of the most dominant species belonging to non-heterocystous filamentous form of Cyanobacteria. It is distributed in various aquatic habitats of Billawar, district Kathua. The present paper represents 38 taxa of blue- green algae belonging to genus Oscillatoria Vaucher were collected during May 2016 to March 2017 in different seasons i.e., summer, rainy and winter. Keywords: Oscillatoria, Cyanophyceae, Diversity, Aquatic, Billawar. I. INTRODUCTION Cyanobacteria are diverse group of Gram negative, oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes that distributed in all possible aquatic habitats of the world. The genus Oscillatoria is a filamentous form which does not bear heterocyst. They may be epilithic, planktonic, epiphytic, endophytic, and terrestrial or epipelic and are capable to thrive in extreme environments such as rocky stones, hot springs, drought, desiccation, salinity and UV stresses. Oscillatoria Vaucher is a commonly occurring Cyanophycean alga of family Oscillatoriaceae. A very few studies have been made from Kathua district for taxonomic point of view as well as its occurrence but no detailed taxonomic investigation has been made so far. The area of Kathua district is unexplored in regard to Cyanophyceae. So, our knowledge regarding the occurrence of Cyanobacteria in Billawar is still inadequate. The present investigation is a step to identify and document the diversity of Oscillatoria in different areas of Billawar belonging to Kathua district. -
02. Cyanobacteria India
ActaCyanobacterial Botanica Malacitanabiodiversity 32. 17-25 Málaga, 2007 17 CYANOBACTERIAL BIODIVERSITY FROM DIFFERENT FRESHWATER PONDS OF THANJAVUR, TAMILNADU (INDIA) Chinnasamy MUTHUKUMAR1, Gangatharan MURALITHARAN1, Ramasamy VIJAYAKUMAR2, Annamalai PANNEERSELVAM2 and Nooruddin THAJUDDIN1* 1Department of Microbiology National Facility for Marine Cyanobacteria Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli – 620 024, India. 2P. G. and Research Department of Botany and Microbiology A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Autonomous) Poondi – 613 503, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Recibido el 24 de julio de 2006, aceptado para su publicación el 11 de enero de 2007 Publicado "on line" en febrero de 2007 ABSTRACT. Cyanobacterial biodiversity from different freshwater ponds of Thanjavur, Tamilnadu (India). Studies on the cyanobacterial biodiversity of 5 different freshwater ponds in and around Thanjavur, Tamilnadu during summer month (June, 2004) has been made and compared their variations among five different ponds. In addition, certain physico-chemical parameters of pond waters such as dissolved oxygen, net productivity, pH, carbonate, bicarbonate, nitrate, nitrite, total phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus etc. were also analyzed and statistically compared with the cyanobacterial diversity. Totally 39 species of 20 genera of cyanobacteria were recorded in all 5 different ponds. Only 6 species of cyanobacteria were identified in Pond 1 (Dabeerkulam), where a massive bloom of Microcystis aeruginosa was recorded, which had a significant effect in reducing the other cyanobacterial population. As many as five species namely Aphanothece microscopica, Synechocystis aquatilis, Merismopedia glauca, Oscillatoria limnetica and O. subbrevis were common in all the ponds surveyed except in Pond 1. Key words. Biodiversity, ecosystem, cyanobacteria, Oscillatoria, Microcystis. RESUMEN. Biodiversidad de cianobacterias en diferentes charcas de agua dulce de Thanjavur, Tamilnadu (India).