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People from the Parish

Geni Births Bedyddio Pobl Plwyf Baptisms Priodi Marriages Claddu People from the Parish Burials

1 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni Teulu Waunifor Waunifor

Ceir cofnod llys am Waunifor mor gynnar â 1605 ond erbyn 1760 roedd Waunifor wedi dod yn gartref i’r Boweniaid ac yn Thomas Bowen (1727-1805) a’i ddisgynyddion, y mae ein diddordeb pennaf ni yn yr ysgrif hon. Ef a gododd gapel Methodistaidd Calfinaidd cyntaf y cylch ar dir Blaenborthin yn 1760. Aeth ati i godi’r capel wedi gwrando ar yr arweinydd Methodistaidd, Daniel Rowland, , yn pregethu yng nghapel Twr-gwyn, Rhydlewis.

Bwriad gwreiddiol Thomas Bowen oedd codi’r capel ar ddarn o dir a oedd yn eiddo i’r eglwys wladol, ond roedd y ficer lleol yn wrthwynebus. Yn y pendraw codwyd y capel ar dir a oedd yn eiddo i stad Waunifor. Cafodd y capel ei ailadeiladu yn 1854 a’i adnewyddu yn 1887. Cafodd Llun priodas Alister Lloyd a Mary Wedding group hefyd ei ddefnyddio fel ysgoldy. Yn 1965 nodir bod gwasanaeth yn cael ei gynnal yn Gan fod Eglwys Llanllwni gerllaw Waunifor, A court record mentions Waunifor in1605. y capel bob prynhawn Sul gan y Parch D T trigai Daniel Bowen ym mhlas Waunifor a By 1760 Waunifor was home to the Bowen Davies, , er budd deg o aelodau. chyflogai guradiaid i ofalu am Eglwys-wen a family. These notes will concentrate on Llanfihangel-Rhos-y-corn. Thomas Bowen (1727-1805) and his Priododd Sinah, chwaer Thomas Bowen, descendants. It was he who built the first â David Jones, mab Aberceiliog ac ‘angel Yn ôl cofnodion degwm Llandysul 1841, Calvinistic Methodist chapel in the district -gan’ (q.v.). Bu farw Sinah yn 1792 yn roedd Waunifor yn 186 erw. Ond roedd on Blaenborthin land in 1760. Thomas 60 oed. Daniel Bowen yn berchen, yn ogystal, Bowen built the chapel after hearing Daniel ar Blaenborthin, Gallt-y-gog, Brynsegur, Rowland, the charismatic Methodist leader, Roedd Thomas Bowen yn Uchel Sirif yn Bryn Martin, Castell Martin, Cors-y-frân, preaching in Twr-gwyn chapel, Rhydlewis. 1778. Bu farw ei wraig, Jennet, ym mis Cefn Gwallter, Rhyd Caradog, Dan Tachwedd 1829. Yn ewyllys Thomas Bowen Capel, Fron-gou, Ffynonau, Fronfelen, Bowen’s original intention was to build a brofwyd yn 1805, nodir: Glanrhydypysgod, Maes-y-pwll a Phontllwni. the chapel on land which was owned by Cyfanswm ei ystad oedd 1,052 erw. the church but the local vicar disagreed. I direct that the meeting house or chapel Eventually the chapel was built in 1854 on and yard thereunto adjoining called Waunifor Yn ei ewyllys gadawodd Daniel Bowen land which belonged to the Waunifor estate; Chapel formerly built by me on the tenement £400 yr un i blwyfi Llanllwni, , it was rebuilt in 1887. The building was also of Blaenborthin be made use of forever Llandysul ac Eglwys-wen er mwyn used as a school-room. In 1965 it was noted hereafter as a house of prayer and public addysgu’r tlodion. Gadawodd swm i’r that a service was held in the chapel every worship and that all preachers belonging to Beibl Gymdeithas a gwaddoli ysgoloriaeth Sunday afternoon by the Revd. D T Davies and members of the Welsh Association of flynyddol yng Ngholeg Dewi Sant, Llanbedr Llandysul for the benefit of ten members. Methodists shall have full liberty to preach Pont Steffan. therin and that they and all other persons Thomas Bowen’s sister, Sinah, married David shall have free ingress, egress and regress to Gadawyd yr ystad i John Lloyd, nai Daniel Jones, of Aberceiliog, Llanllwni, who was and from the same without any molestation Bowen. Yn ei dro, cyflwynodd John yr ystad known as ‘the angel of ’ (q.v.). Sinah or interruption from my son Daniel Bowen, or i’w frawd, y Parch Charles Lloyd, rheithor died in 1792 aged 60. any other person and that the said meeting Betws Bledrws a Chellan. Bu farw’r Parch house shall be kept in good, thorough and Charles Lloyd yn 1867 ac fe’i olynwyd gan Thomas Bowen was High Sheriff in 1778. His sufficient repair by my wife during the term of ei fab hynaf, Charles arall. Bu farw Miss wife, Jennet died in November 1829. Thomas her natural life. Frances Elizabeth Lloyd (g1852), Pontllwni Bowen’s will, proved in 1805, notes: (merch i’r Parch Charles Lloyd) ar 24 Mai Addysgwyd Daniel Bowen (1777-1848), 1935 yn 83 oed. “I direct that the meeting house or chapel mab Thomas Bowen, gan David Davis, and yard thereunto adjoining called Waunifor Castell Hywel ac yn ddiweddarach yn Cafodd Charles (g.1850) ei addysgu Chapel formerly built by me on the tenement Rhydychen. Wedi derbyn ei MA, aeth i’r ym Marlborough a Choleg Oriel, of Blaenborthin be made use of forever offeiriadaeth a chael gofal Eglwys-wen yn Rhydychen (B.A. 1873, M.A. 1879). hereafter as a house of prayer and public Sir Benfro. Yna cafodd fywoliaeth Llanllwni Roedd yn Uchel Sirif yn 1882 ac roedd worship and that all preachers belonging to a Llanfihangel Rhos-y-corn yn ychwanegol. ystad Waunifor bellach yn 1,951 erw. and members of the Welsh Association of 2 People from the Parish

Cofeb teulu Waunifor yn Eglwys Methodists shall have full liberty Llanwenog to preach therin and that they The family memorial in Eglwys and all other persons shall have Llanwenog free ingress, egress and regress to and from the same without any Charles Lloyd died in Putney on molestation or interruption from 14 January 1923 and was buried my son Daniel Bowen, or any in Llanllwni church. His wife other person and that the said was Margaret Macfie Campbell meeting house shall be kept in (1849–1950).They had five sons good, thorough and sufficient repair and two daughters: Charles, Alister, by my wife during the term of her Ivor, Duncan and Gwion, Frances natural life”. Caroline (b. 1881) and Margaret Gladys (b.1882). Daniel Bowen (1777–1848) son of Thomas Bowen, was educated Charles Edward Bowen Lloyd died by David Davis at Castell Hywel aged three months on 15 May and later in Oxford. After gaining 1877 and is commemorated in his MA, he entered the ministry Llanllwni church. and was given the living of Eglwys-wen in . Alister Campbell Bowen Lloyd He was also given the livings (1878–1974), see below. of Llanllwni and Llanfihangel Rhos-y-corn. As Llanllwni church Ivor Allan Bowen Lloyd , born was not far from Waunifor, 26 April 1884, died aged 25 on Daniel Bowen lived in Waunifor 29 October 1909. He is also mansion and employed curates to look after commemorated in Llanllwni church. Eglwys-wen and Llanfihangel Rhos-y-corn. Lieutenant Duncan Ian Bowen Lloyd According to Llandysul Tithe records (1841), The estate was inherited by John Lloyd, (1886–1915), Ghurkah Rifles, died in Gallipoli. Waunifor extended to 186 acres. But Daniel Daniel Bowen’s nephew. John, in turn, He is commemorated in Llanllwni church. Bowen also owned Blaenborthin, Gallt-y-gog, bequeathed the estate to his brother, the Brynsegur, Bryn Martin, Castell Martin, Revd Charles Lloyd, rector of Betws Bledrws The youngest son of Charles and Cors-y-frân, Cefn Gwallter, Rhyd Caradog, and Cellan. The Revd. Charles Lloyd died Margaret, Captain Gwion Llewellyn Bowen Dan Capel, Fron-gou, Ffynonau, Fronfelen, in 1867 and was followed by his son, also Lloyd (1888–1915), BA (Oxon), 5th Glanrhydypysgod, Maes-y-pwll and Pontllwni. Charles. The Revd. Charles Lloyd’s daughter In all his estate extendeded 1,052 acres. Miss Frances Elizabeth Lloyd (b.1852), Pontllwni died on 24 May 1935 aged 83. In his will Daniel Bowen left £400 each to the parishes of Llanllwni, Llanwenog, Charles Lloyd (b. 1850) was educated at Llandysul and Eglwys-wen to pay for the Marlborough and Oriel College, Oxford. education of paupers. He left a sum to (B.A. 1873, M.A. 1879). He was High Sheriff the Bible Society, and endowed an annual in 1882 and by now the Waunifor estate scholarship in St David’s College, . extended to 1,951 acres. Gwion Ll B Duncan Ian Lloyd Bowen Lloyd

Cofnod o’r gwasanaeth coffa i’r ddau frawd3 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

Teulu Waunifor Mewn ysgrif o hunan-fywgraffiad mae Waunifor Alister Lloyd yn disgrifio ei fywyd cynnar Bu farw Charles Lloyd yn 73 oed yn yn Waunifor, ei gyfnod yn Ysgol Ramadeg Dorset Regiment, died in Gallipoli. He is Putney ar 14 Ionawr 1923 a’i gladdu y Frenhines Elizabeth yng Nghaerfyrddin commemorated in Llanllwni church and on the yn Eglwys Llanllwni. Ei wraig oedd (1888) a Marlborough (1892) ac yn Helles Memorial, Gallipoli, together with his Margaret Macfie Campbell (1849-1950). Rhydychen. brother Duncan. His grave is unknown. Roedd ganddynt bum mab a dwy ferch: Charles, Alister, Ivor, Duncan a Gwion, Bu farw Alister Lloyd yn Rhagfyr 1974 a’i A memorial service for the two soldier brothers Frances Caroline(g.1881) a Margaret gladdu yn eglwys y plwyf, Swanage. was held in Llanllwni church on 1 September 1915. Gladys (g.1882). Mab Alister a Mary oedd Alister Charles The estate passed to Alister Campell Bowen Coffeir eu mab cyntaf Charles Edward Bowen Lloyd (1917-44). Ei lys enw yn Lloyd. In 1913 he married Mary Pitcairn Stack Bowen Lloyd a fu farw’n dri mis oed ar 15 ystod ei ddyddiau ysgol oedd Alphabetical (d.1959). Alister was headmaster of Hill Crest Mai 1877 ar gofeb yn Eglwys Llanllwni. Lloyd. Roedd yn gapten yn y Royal Artillery. School in Swanage, Dorset, a private school for Bu farw ger Caen, Calvados 11 Mehefin children aged between 6 and 14. Alister believed Alister Campbell Bowen Lloyd 1944. Mae wedi ei gladdu ym Mynwent that it was possible that Waunifor was mentioned (1878–1974), gweler isod. Ryfel Banneville-la-Campagne. Ceir cofeb by Wordsworth in his poem Simon Lee. iddo yn Eglwys Llanllwni a ffenestr liw er Ac yntau’n 25 oed bu farw Ivor Allan cof amdano yn Swanage. In an autobiographical essay Alister Lloyd Bowen Lloyd, brawd arall (g 26 Ebrill 1884), describes his early life at Waunifor, his time ar 29 Hydref 1909. Ceir cofeb iddo yn Wedi’r ail ryfel byd gwerthwyd ffermydd as a pupil in the Queen Elizabeth Grammar Eglwys Llanllwni. ystad Waunifor a chrebachodd yr ystad School, (1888), at Marlborough i 5 cyfer. Rhoddwyd cyfle i bob un o’r in 1892 and in Oxford. Bu farw pedwerydd mab Charles a tenantiaid brynu eu ffermydd a’u bythynod Margaret, Lieut Duncan Ian Bowen Lloyd a digwyddodd hynny ym Mehefin 1948. Alister Lloyd died in December 1974 and is (1886-1915), Ghurkah Rifles, yn Gallipoli. Dyma restr o’r ffermydd a’r bythynod a buried in the parish church, Swanage. Ceir cofeb iddo yn Eglwys Llanllwni. brynwyd gan y tenantiaid: Blaenborthyn, Brynmartin, Cors-y-frân, Dolwallter, Alister Charles Bowen Lloyd (1917–44) Bu farw mab ifancaf Charles a Margaret, Rhyd Caradog, Waunifor Home Farm, was the son of Alister and Mary. He was Capt Gwion Llewellyn Bowen Lloyd BA Brynhedydd, Maes-y-pwll, Llwynmartin, nicknamed Alphabetical Lloyd. He was a (Oxon) (1888-1915) 5th Dorset Regiment, Glan-rhyd Holding and Smithy, captain in the Royal Artillery and died near yn Gallipoli hefyd. Ceir cofeb iddo yn Penrhiwfelen, Panteg Shop and Fields, Caen, Calvados 11 June 1944 He is buried in Eglwys Llanllwni. Ni nodwyd ei fedd ond Gwarffynnon, Glanrhyd Shop, Rhiwfelen the military cemetery of Banneville-la-Cam- fe’i coffeir ar Gofeb Helles, Gallipoli, No 1, Gwargraig, Dan-y-capel. pagne. There is a memorial tablet to him in ynghyd â’i frawd Duncan. Llanllwni Church and a stained glass window Gwerthwyd y plas yn 1952 ac wedyn yn in his memory in Swanage. Cynhaliwyd gwasanaeth coffa i’r ddau 1972 ac eto yn 1978. Yn 1999 prynwyd yr frawd Duncan a Gwion yn Eglwys Llanllwni eiddo gan y Template Foundation. After the second World War the farms of the 1 Medi 1915. Waunifor estate were sold and the estate shrank to 5 acres. Tenants were given the opportunity Etifeddwyd yr ystad gan Alister Campell to buy their farms and cottages in June 1948. Bowen Lloyd a aned yn 1878. Yn 1913 The following were bought by their tenants: priododd â Mary Pitcairn Stack (m.1959). Blaenborthyn, Brynmartin, Cors-y-fran, Dolwallter, Bu Alister yn brifathro Hill Crest School, Gwybodaeth bellach/ Rhydcaradog, Waunifor Home Farm. Brynhedydd, Swanage, Dorset. Ysgol breifat i blant Further information: Maes-y-pwll, Llwynmartin, Glanrhyd Holding rhwng 6 a 14 oed oedd hon. Credai Alister and Smithy, Penrhiwfelen, Panteg shop and fields, ei bod yn bosibl bod Waunifor yn cael ei • Baker-Jones, Leslie (1999) Princlings, Gwarffynnon, Glan-rhyd shop, Rhiwfelen No. 1, chrybwyll gan y bardd William Wordsworth Priviledge and Power...The Tivyside Gwargraig, Danycapel. yn ei gerdd ‘Simon Lee’: Gentry in their (Gomer, “In the sweet shire of Cardigan, Llandysul). The mansion was sold in 1952 and again in Not far from pleasant Ivor-Hall, • Carmarthen Journal 25 June 1923. 1972 and 1978. In 1999 it was bought An old man dwells, a little man, • Davies, W J (1896) Hanes Plwyf by the Template Foundation. Tis said he once was tall. Llandysul (J D Lewis, Llandysul) Full five and thirty years he lived. • Lloyd Hughes, D G (1966) Tir yr A running huntsman merry; Abad: Hanes New Inn a Gwyddgrug yn And still the centre of his cheek Shir Gâr. Is red as a ripe cherry”. • Pilkington, Martin (2002) A Brief History of Waunifor, Waunifor Productions. • Walford, Edward (1880) County Families of the (Chatto)

4 People from the Parish

Alister Lloyd describes My parents’ first child died as an infant his early life at Waunifor and so I have always been the eldest of the family...Our nanny was quite young but had My father was educated at Marlborough and us well in hand and we loved her. I well Oriel College Oxford. When he was seventeen remember breakfast in the nursery where his father died, and he lived with his mother, you had to eat a large plate of porridge with two sisters and younger brother at Waunifor... real fresh milk and plenty of brown sugar When he came down from Oxford my father and possibly a home egg afterwards. On wet took over the estate and farmed the days we played in the nursery with bricks, toy home farm. He was a keen sportsman Hen Waunifor soldiers etc but chiefly with cartridges which who hunted with the Teifiside we collected with great care and soon had a foxhounds, and Mr Pryse’s Harriers, Our nearest church Llanllwni, was large army of many colours, as my father shot shot and fished with his cousin David Lloyd three-quarters of a mile away and in another a great deal. These were made up in armies of Gilfachwen, started a cricket club at county...Two railway stations, Maesycrugiau according to their colour and shot down by Llandyssul. I remember what a devastating and , each about a mile or so toy trigger guns or canons. Out of doors we bowler David Lloyd was, with his round-arm from us. They were originally an old line made up our own games, the most exiting and action about level with his shoulders, on those presumptuously called the “Manchester lasting one was ‘Robinson Crusoe’. As the eldest far from perfect village pitches. One of the and Milford”, a name supported by the fact I naturally was Robinson: my eldest sister most necessary positions was longstop; a place they linked the Cambrian or later LNW at Frances was Friday and the younger sister held with distinction for years by a round , and the GWR at Carmarthen. Margaret became the Spaniard. When my faced little butcher. So you could go from Manchester to younger brother Ivor was old enough to join us Aberystwyth and with luck caught a train he was cast as Friday’s father - I do not think Waunifor was an old house...which had been on to Carmarthen whence you could get on to Duncan and Gwion, the younger members of enlarged from time to time. The front door or Milford Haven. Before being taken the family, ever joined in. The game came to looked north-west but the windows of the over by the GWR, this small line trundled an end when I went to school in 1888. For Dining Room and Drawing Room had a good along its forty or fifty miles at an easy pace many years, however, it kept us occupied. view to the south-west over the valley of the stopping at many small stations, waiting With a large rhododendron bush as Robinson’s Teifi to the sloping hills of ... contentedly for any passenger that might be cave, with old tins and pans as furniture and about as inconvenient a house as you could seen coming along in the distance (once my bows and arrows and toy guns as weapons... imagine. Built at various times in various father driving to Carmarthen lifted up his Then one afternoon when my mother was sections, but solid and comfortable in the days whip to greet a passenger train and found reading to us there was a patter of hooves up before coal was £1 a ton and when you could the train waiting for him at the station half the long back passage and my father opened have as much wood as you wanted for the a mile on). On another occasion the train the door and led in Mona, a little Welsh picking up... arrived at Maesycrugiau Station to find the pony, our delight for many years. On Mona, stationmaster regardless of trains playing a usually accompanied by Sam our coachman, A veranda ran around the north-west and salmon in full view of the station much to the I hunted occasionally with the foxhounds but south-west sides of the house with creepers delight of the passengers who trooped on to the more often with Mr Pryse’s Harriers...By this running up over the walls. In front of the platform to watch the sport. time I was sometimes allowed to follow my Dining Room and Drawing Room windows father when he took a walk with his gun... was a level lawn, in which we had at one time Of our neighbours my grandmother and aunts After my nanny left to be married the younger two tennis courts, a double and a single - the lived within three-quarters of a mile away, members were well kept in order by the able latter of which was afterwards given over to the Pryses of Bwlchbychan about eight miles, Jane Mills, but after a time we elder ones were my cricket pitch...it was in these surroundings the Davies Evans slightly further promoted to a governess. First Miss Baker, not that I and my sisters and brothers were and my Lloyd cousin at Gilfachwen about five a favourite, then Miss Townsend with her big born... miles away. The Maesycrugiau Manor family, hats and a great love of giving us long notes the Mansells, were a rum lot and we saw very in English History. I am afraid that it was Charles Lloyd a little of them but later on we saw a good deal my insubordination to her that led to my being theulu Waunifor of the Morgans of Blaenblodau... sent to Queen Elizabeth Grammar School at The Waunifor Carmarthen in 1888. For the first term I was family These were our nearest neighbours, but when a weekly boarder and used to ride Mona down we were old enough to go up to Lampeter to the station on Monday mornings and return for tennis, there were others from that part on Saturday to find Sam waiting for me with of the county as well as the professors from Mona. Lampeter College. We were a mixed lot at the Grammar School... When you realise that there were no The Head master, Mr Lloyd Williams, was motorcars in those days you will realise that a strict disciplinarian with a temper; his we were not brought up in a whirl of society... brother who taught Greek was even more Then it took the best part of an hour to do the quick tempered. Mr Hensley was a new Master ten miles to Lampeter now (1970’s) one can and Mr Wakefield rather unexciting... At one get down from Swanage 220 miles over hilly time we were very proud of having a Welsh roads comfortably in eight hours, lunching on International, Percy Lloyd, who came for a the way... term or two to read for some exam and in 5 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

Waunifor me blush at times, though Marlborough College was not a dressy school... front of whom I was priviledged once to play TIM as scrum half for the Boarders v Dayboys... My vacs were usually spent with my family: Our Boarding house was an ordinary house at Christmas at Waunifor where we in a street with a small back yard in which gathered round the long dining room table HUGHES various games of marbles were the chief for our turkey and plum pudding etc - great recreation. We had about a quarter of a mile Christmas dinner; where all the tenants walk up to the school, which had a smallish gathered on rent day for a sumptuous feed cricket ground in front of it on which I played of roast beef or pork and plum pudding and (1862-1951) my first match. I remember my father, who afterwards sang songs and John Saer played had come over for a meeting, joining in with his fiddle...Most days were spent in the open the seniors in a game of Rugger, falling down air, in winter with a gun along the river MILLWRIGHT in the mud, and having to be cleaned up banks looking for duck, teal etc or ferreting before going to his train for home. There were for rabbits. At Easter with rod and line we occasional outings, on one of which I got down fished for salmon and trout. I remember well Gareth Jones (1905-1935) who to to see my cousin Charles Nichol, when my brother Duncan who was serving wrote this portrait of Timothy playing for against Ireland where with theth 5 Ghurkhas brought two friends Hughes was regarded as one Wales just won. On another outing I tasted down to Waunifor and we all fished. of the most talented journalists beer for the first time, sour and strong, at a of his generation. He wrote for small pub and I hated it... Much of my summer vac was spent at The Western Mail, The Times, The Borthwick Hall in Midlothian where my Manchester Guardian, Berliner I was confirmed at school by Bishop Basil aunt had married Mr D J Macfie...My Tageblatt and the New York Times. Jones and walked out the next day to ask uncle and aunt were keen croquet players, Gareth Jones secured the journalistic the Bishop to request a half holiday for the but a tennis ground attracted most of the scoop of his career when he flew school, which we obtained much to the delight younger guests...By now I was a fairly with Hitler in his private plane of those who had egged us on to make our accomplished shot and joined in the shoots during his election campaign. He was request. on Borthwick Hall moor, as well as shooting murdered in 1935 while travelling in rabbits around the place...My uncle was a Inner Mongolia. In 1891 my father took me up to Marlborough, very strict teetotaler. There was no smoking his old school, to try for a scholarship which allowed in the house and after the maids I failed to secure. But in January 1892 I went to bed my father and other men used RETURNING from the hayfields, with his entered the college...My country clothes made to creep down to the kitchen to enjoy their hayfork over his shoulder, came an elderly evening pipe. Later on my aunt got us the man with a long white beard, and with concession that we might smoke in the sharp, twinkling eyes. evening in the billiard room upstairs... Greeting him, I asked: “Chwi yw Mr. Tim As I intended to go in for teaching I went Hughes?” It was he. up to Oxford for a long vac course and a winter term...I finally got my Diploma but I had long looked for him in the scattered as I had only read my last set book on the clean cottages of Llanllwni, in the Teify train up to Oxford I was relieved to find I Valley, on that warm July evening, when had passed. all Cardiganshire seemed to be hard at work in the fields. Diolch i Martin Pilkington am dynnu fy sylw at yr ysgrif hon He was known to all, for was he not gan Alister Lloyd (1878-1974). the master craftsman, famed for over Thanks are due to Martin 50 years among all those who had links Pilkington for bringing this essay with the old woolen mills and factories in by Alister Lloyd (1878-1974) to South Wales ? my attention. In the last century he was often seen tramping across the mountains with 6olbs. of tools on his back to repair an old mill or to build a new one. A little later, when the young millwright apprentice had become the respected master-craftsman, he was regarded with awe and amazement and often with amusement, as he rushed along on his penny-farthing bicycle, one of the first to Capel be introduced in the district. Waunifor 6 People from the Parish

But now the days of the millwright are over, me the craft. Let me see—that must have Pembrokeshire, the fuller and tucking the craft is dying out, the woolen mills are been in 1879. At that time I helped to mill, which I built 35 years ago, are still silent. No longer does the millwright tramp re-build the Rhydyfro Mill.. “One of our working. There was a tucking mill in Llan- across the mountains with his tools, and as walks used to be to Pandy, Pontardulais, fairclydogau, but it was substituted by a for the penny-farthing bicycle, it is rusted where I usually went every two years to do fulling mill.” In , Henllan, he and dusty in the shed. the re-lining of the mill and to see Mr. W. J. tells me, there were two tucking mills Jones, who is still living. Mrs. W. J. Jones, by working together in charge of Mr. David “What a contrast it would be,” says Mr. Tim the way, is a cousin to Daniel Rhydderch, Davies. There were mills in Llanddewibrefi, Hughes in Welsh, as we walk along the Llan- .” Llanrhystyd, and Talybont, and in the two dyssul-Lampeter road towards his cottage, “if latter Mr. Tim Hughes once worked. I went on my old bike now to and There must be few men who know Wales stood with it side by side by the Mollisons’ as well as Mr. Tim Hughes. He used to Felin Cwmpandy, Aberayron, was noted aeroplane.” cover on foot or on his for its “coch scarlet” cloth, and King penny-farthing seven Edward VII, when Prince of Wales, wore That remark of my fine old different counties, and sporting suits from Felin Cwmpandy and companion was symbolic. his craft carried him as also from Brecon. In Cwmcafan, Talsarn, Just as the rapid aeroplane far north as Talybont, and in Glandwronest, Pembrokeshire, has taken the place of the Cardiganshire, as far there were also fulling mills. penny-farthing bicycle, south as Pontardulais, so the vast machines of as far east as Llanover, Mr. Tim Hughes then brought out a fine the modern factory have Monmouthshire, and as piece of thick grey cloth. “This was made ousted the woolen mills of far west as Glandwronest, in Brecon,” he explained as he felt it with Cardiganshire, and so the Pembrokeshire. Within the fingers of an expert. “But Brecon is no twentieth century is rapidly this district there is hardly longer working. One by one the mills of thrusting the old crafts a woolen mill which he the past have closed down, and the day of into the limbo of forgotten has not built, re-built, or the millwright is over.” things. repaired. Although he may tend no more mills But when Mr. Tim Hughes talks of the old “I built a mill, Gwentffrwd Factory, for Lady Mr. Tim Hughes will remain the type of craft the nineteenth century lives again, Llanover in Llanover in 1894, and a mill in great craftsman which was the pride of and with his vivid gift of portrayal and with Llanfihangel-Rhydithon in 1896. I remember Wales, the craftsman who laid stress also his enthusiasm for his calling he imparts a clearly in Llanfihangel how the carpenter on spiritual and mental qualities, for Mr. glamour to the scenes of old Wales. and I went out to the wood to choose our Tim Hughes’s children have distinguished timber.” themselves in the academic life of Wales. “I am a millwright,” he says with pride as we chat in his cottage, “and I learned my craft The break in the life of Wales caused by When I bade farewell to Mr. Tim Hughes, from my uncle, Enoch Morgan Jones, who the War was well illustrated by Mr. Tim who waved to us from the cottage door, I built the mills in Abergorlech and Brecon. Hughes’s account of the Login Pandy, near felt I was leaving behind some of the best But he died about forty years ago, at the age , a story which has the elements of traditions of old Wales. of 67, and I have the craft after him.” pathos. “This factory and fulling mill,” said Mr. Hughes, “were working until the War. Then Western Mail July 18th, 1933. “What kind of man was your uncle?” I asked, the boys went away to the front, leaving the and the millwright’s face lit up. mill. Four years passed, and when the sons Gwybodaeth bellach/ returned the roof had fallen in, and the mill Further information: “He was a great humorist, ‘neilltuol o has been idle ever since.” ddoniol,’” he replied. “He loved laughing Thomas Colin, (2009) Dreaming a City: and he loved making others laugh, too. He When I asked him how many mills there From Wales to the Ukraine, Y Lolfa. was short in stature and a great character. were in Wales he gave me a wealth of www.garethjones.org I remember vividly the first time I set out information “ There is a ‘fuller’ working all the Western Mail 9 April 2011 pp.21-23. with him, with my tools on my back, to time in Llanwenog, and the shirt I am now Western Mail 10 November 2008 p.14. Llandilo and then on to Rhydyfro. I was only wearing comes from that town; it was spun Western Mail 22 February 2013 p.21. nineteen at the time and he was teaching in Maes-y-felin factory. In Penbontygafael,

7 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni Thomas Noah Cole (1891-1964)

^ Gwr busnes a Cripps a dau dwrnai arall o fri i ymladd yr pheiriannydd achos. Daethpwyd i gytundeb ddiwrnod cyn y gwrandawiad yn y llys. Yn y cyfamser roedd Ganed Thomas Noah Cole yn Pen-dderi Cole wedi prynu Brundept, cwmni cynhyrchu Maesycrugiau yn 1891 ac fe’i bedyddiwyd gan setiau radio, a sefydlu yn ogystal, Vidor, cwmni y Parch Joshua Davies yn Eglwys Llanllwni yn cynhyrchu batris radio a batris lampau yn Ebrill 1892. Ei dad oedd Noah Cole (g.1860 Erith, swydd Caint. Yn ystod blwyddyn gyntaf yn Sgeti, Abertawe), peiriannydd morwrol; bodolaeth y cwmni newydd gwerthwyd dros enw ei fam oedd Harriet Edith (g.1865 yn bymtheng miliwn o fatris. Abertawe). Bu’r teulu’n byw am gyfnod yn Brynhyfryd, . Symudodd Tarddodd yr enw Vidor o briflythrennau y teulu i Gaerdydd ac roedd Thomas yn enwau ei ddwy ferch, Valerie a Denise, a’i gefnogwr brwd i dîm pêl-droed Caerdydd. wraig Rebecca. Yn ystod y blynyddoedd nesaf Yn 1911 roedd y teulu’n byw yn Llangeinor, aeth y cwmni ati i gynhyrchu setiau radio, Sir Forgannwg. Swydd gyntaf Thomas oedd setiau teledu, peiriannau chwarae recordiau gwerthu bananas o gefn cert ond cafodd yn ogystal â batris sych. ei hyfforddi’n beiriannydd trydan. Prin yw’r wybodaeth am ei fywyd cynnar ond yn 1916 Yn ystod yr ail ryfel roedd y cwmni’n roedd yn is-gapten yn yr East Surrey Regiment cynhyrchu systemau cyfathrebu a ffyrnau. a bu’n gwasanaethu yn Ffrainc. Wedi’r rhyfel dychwelodd i Gymru a phriodi â Rebecca Yn Ebrill 1941 dinistriwyd y ffatri yn Taylor, merch i deulu cyfoethog o Gaerdydd. Erith gan gyrch awyr a symudwyd y gwaith cynhyrchu i Dundee. Agorwyd Yn y 1920au cynnar symudodd Cole i ffatrioedd eraill, yn ogystal, yn South Lundain. Roedd wedi sylweddoli y byddai Shields ac yn Brechin. marchnad sylweddol i setiau radio yn dilyn arbrofion llwyddiannus Marconi - marchnad Yn 1954 sefydlodd Vidor-Burndept labordy i setiau radio a marchnad i fatris trydan. newydd i ddatblygu offer niwcleonig. Cyn diwedd 1923 roedd y BBC wedi trefnu trosglwyddyddion radio ar hyd a lled y wlad Erbyn y 1960au roedd gan Vidor-Burndept ac roedd galw gan gannoedd o filoedd o gwsmeriaid ym mhob rhan o’r byd; Gwybodaeth bellach/ wrandawyr brwd am ddarnau i’w galluogi i cynhyrchai’r cwmni gelloedd bychan ar gyfer Further reading adeiladu eu setiau radio eu hunain. Sefydlodd watsys i’r US Time Corporation a batris gwmni o’r enw Lissen â’i phrif swyddfa yn arbennig i wasanaethau brys Gorllewin yr • Desmond, Kevin Goldhawk Road, Shepherd’s Bush.Yn1923 Almaen. Gwnaed cytundeb sylweddol i (2012/2013).‘Battery Hero: sefydlodd Lissen Limited a’r ffatri yn Worple gynhyrchu batris yn India a chytundeb pellach Thomas Cole the Vidor man’ Road, Isleworth, yn cynhyrchu darnau i setiau gyda ITT i sefydlu cadwyn o ffatrioedd ar Batteries International Issue 86, radio i’w gwerthu gan y cwmni. Roedd y draws y byd. 123-26. cwmni’n llwyddiannus dros ben ac erbyn http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/wiki/ canol y 1920au roedd yn cyflogi ryw 2,800 o Yn 1962 ac yntau bellach yn 71 oed Vidor bobl yn cynhyrchu darnau yn ogystal â setiau gwerthodd Cole, Vidor-Burndebt i Royston • http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/wiki/ radio. Industries. Daeth y brand yn eiddo i Burndept Crompton Parkinson tua 1968 a’i werthu yn • http://www.bexley.gov.uk/index. Yn 1928 prynwyd Lissen Limited oddi wrth 1989 i gwmni Ray-O-Vac. Nid yw’r brand yn aspx?articleid=10720 y perchen a’r Rheolwr Gyfarwyddwr T N weithredol bellach. • http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/index. Cole am £1 miliwn gan gwmni Ever Ready Bu farw Thomas Noah Cole yn Surrey yn php?title=Lissen&printable=yes - cyfwerth â £50 miliwn yn arian heddiw. Bu 1964. • http://www.flickr.com/photos/ Ever Ready yn cynhyrchu darnau a setiau deptford_draylons/5001155577/ radio dan enw Lissen tan ddechrau’r ail ryfel Mae haneswyr gwyddor technoleg batris yn • http://www.radiomuseum.org/ byd. cymharu cyfraniad Thomas Noah Cole yn dsp_hersteller_detail. y maes hwn ag eiddo Thomas Alva Edison cfm?Company_id=6294 Pan brynwyd y cwmni gan Ever Ready, rhan (1847-1931) - ill dau wedi sylweddoli sut y • http://www.vintageradioworld. o’r cytundeb oedd y byddai Cole yn aros gellid cymhwyso gwyddoniaeth er mwyn co.uk/lissen.htm yn Rheolwr Gyfarwyddwr, ond na fyddai’n creu cyfoeth aruthrol. • http://paperspast.natlib.govt. ymwneud ag unrhyw fenter a fyddai’n nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d= cystadlu’n uniongyrchol â Lissen Limited EP19380721.2.153 am gyfnod o ddeng mlynedd. Yn 1935 aeth • http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/ Cole i’r llys i apelio yn erbyn y cytundeb a issues/33975/pages/5795/page.pdf wnaed ag Ever Ready a chyflogi Sir Stafford 8 People from the Parish Thomas Noah Cole (1891 – 1964)

Businessman and million by the Ever Ready Company – a sum engineer equivalent to £50 million today. Ever Ready produced parts and sets under the Lissen name Thomas Noah Cole was born at Pen-dderi, up to the beginning of the second world war. Maesycrugiau, in 1891 and was baptised by the Rev. Joshua Davies in Llanllwni Church in When Ever Ready bought the company, April 1892. His father Noah Cole (b. 1860, part of the agreement stated that Cole Sketty, Swansea) was a marine engineer, would remain as Managing Director but his mother was Harriet Edith (b. 1865 in that he would not, for a period of ten years, Swansea) The family were in Brynhyfryd, be involved in any venture which would Llanybydder for a short period. They moved compete directly with Lissen Limited. In to and in 1911 the family lived in 1935 Cole went to court to appeal against Llangeinor, Glamorganshire. Noah was a keen the agreement made with Ever Ready and supporter of Cardiff City Football Club and instructed Sir Stafford Cripps and two other his first job was selling bananas from the back notable barristers to contest the case. An of a cart. He trained as an electrical engineer. agreement was reached out of court a day Information about his early life is sparse but before the case was due to be heard. In we know that in 1916 he was a lieutenant the meantime Cole had bought Brundept, in the East Surrey Regiment and served in a company which produced radio sets and France. After the First World War he returned he also founded Vidor, a company which to Wales and married Rebecca Taylor the manufactured radio batteries and lamp daughter of a wealthy Cardiff family. batteries in Erith in Kent.

Early in the 1920’s Cole moved to London. He The name Vidor derives from the names of his had realised that there would be a flourishing two daughters, Valerie and Denise and that of market for radio sets following Marconi’s his wife Rebecca. In the years which followed successful experiments – a market for radio the company produced radios, televisions, sets as well as for electric batteries. Before record players as well as dry batteries. During the end of 1923 the BBC had built a system the second world war the company produced of radio transmitters across the country and communications systems and ovens. hundreds of thousands of enthusiastic listeners demanded parts to enable them to build In April 1941 the factory in Erith was their own radio. Cole founded a company destroyed in an air raid and production was called Lissen with its main office in Goldhawk moved to Dundee. Other factories were Road, Shepherd’s Bush. In 1923 Lissen Limited opened in South Shields and Brechin. opened a factory in Worple Road, Isleworth In 1954 Vidor-Burndept opened a laboratory producing parts for radio sets. The company to develop nucleonic apparatus. was very successful and by the mid 1920’s employed some 2,800 people producing not By the 1960s Vidor-Burndept had customers only radio parts but also radios. all over the world. The company made tiny Historians of dry battery technology cells for watches for the US Time Corporation compare the contribution made by In 1928 Lissen Limited was bought from the and special batteries for the emergency Thomas Noah Cole to that of Thomas owner and managing director T N Cole for £1 services in Western Germany. There was a Alva Edison (1847-1931) – entrepreneurs substantial contract to produce batteries who managed science to create immense in India and a further contract with ITT to wealth. establish a chain of factories across the world. In 1962 when he was 72 years old, Cole sold Vidor–Burndept to Royston Industries. The brand was acquired by Crompton Parkinson about 1968 and sold in 1989 to Ray-o–Vac. The brand does not function any more. Pendderi heddiw Pendderi today Thomas Noah Cole died in Surrey in 1964. 9 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

Teulu Saunders, Perthyberllan

Daeth y teulu hwn i Perthyberllan ym Mary, fe ymddengys, dorri ei henw ei hun eni tua 1729. Roedd Thomas Saunders, mlynyddoedd cynnar y 18fed ganrif a ar yr ewyllys ac fe’i gelwir yn Mary Sanders Perthyberllan, yn warden Eglwys Llanllwni buont yn byw yno am yn agos i ddwy ar y ddogfen honno; trigai yn Henfaes, 1808-09. Trigai chwaer Rees, Gwenllian, yn ganrif. Prynwyd Perthyberllan gan Rees Llanllwni. Ar ewyllys David Alexander, mae y Bryn, Llanllwni. Brawd arall i Gwenllian Saunders oddi wrth [r o’r enw Erasmus ei gyfenw wedi ei gamrannu ar draws dwy oedd Evan Saunders ac un o’i blant ef sef Lewis, swyddog pwysig a chyfoethog gyda’r linell; yr hyn a geir yw: Rice Evan Saunders a etifeddodd y Bryn llywodraeth yn Llundain. Hannai Erasmus David Alex pan fu Gwenllian farw yn 86 oed yn 1779. Lewis o Abercothi ac roedd yntau, yn ei Sander. Priodwyd Rice Saunders a Lettice Bowen dro, wedi prynu Perthyberllan oddi wrth Gallai hyn egluro sut y mabwysiadwyd y yn Llanllwni ar 11 Ionawr 1788. deulu John Morgan, Upland, , cyfenw Sanders ac wedyn Saunders gan a oedd yn Uchel Sirif yn 1704. Am rai wraig a disgynyddion David Alexander. Rhaid bod busnes a masnachu ym mêr misoedd yn unig y bu Perthyberllan Roedd gan David Alexander bedwar esgyrn Rees Saunders, Perthyberllan. Yn ym meddiant Erasmus Lewis cyn iddo brawd sef William, John, Morgan a Howell 1741 roedd ganddo gysylltiad â gwaith werthu’r eiddo i Rees Saunders. Roedd Alexander. haearn Cwmdwyfran. Y flwyddyn honno Rees Saunders yn fab i David Alexander sicrhaodd brydles ar fferm Betws, o Lanllwni. Ceir enw David Alexander yn Mae t] trillawr Perthyberllan yn perthyn – o bosibl er mwyn sicrhau digon o olosg 1705 wrth adroddiad wardeiniaid Eglwys i’r 18fed ganrif a cheir rhes o dair ffenestr i’r gwaith haearn. Golosg yn bennaf a losgid Llanllwni. i bob llawr. Ar garreg yn wal un o’r tai yng Nghwmdwyfran a phrynid tanwydd allan mae’r dyddiad 1737 ynghyd â phrif ar gyfer y ffwrneisi o ystadau Saunders yn Bu farw David Alexander yn 1708 a’i lythrennau enw Rees Saunders a’i wraig Llanllwni a Llanfihangel-ar-arth. Deuai golosg gladdu yn Llanllwni. Mae copi o’i ewyllys Mary. Gallai’r garreg fod yn cofnodi naill ai i ddiwallu’r diwydiant yng Nghwmdwyfran (1709) wedi ei diogelu yn Llyfrgell priodas Rees a Mary yn y flwyddyn honno, o Lanymddyfri a Chaeo, yn ogystal. Yn 1744 Genedlaethol Cymru. Ond Saunders oedd neu’r dyddiad y cymerwyd meddiant o’r daeth cysylltiad Rees Saunders â’r gwaith cyfenw ei weddw, Mary, pan gladdwyd hi lle ar ôl ei brynu yn 1735. Mae’n ddigon yng Nghwmdwyfran i ben. Ond mae’n debyg yn Llanllwni ar 3 Chwefror 1740. Mae copi posibl mai ail wraig Rees Saunders oedd mai marchnata anifeiliaid a benthyca arian i’r o ewyllys Mary Saunders hithau wedi ei Mary oherwydd mae’n ymddangos bod porthmyn oedd prif ffrwd ei fusnes a sylfaen diogelu yn y Llyfrgell Genedlaethol. Ni allai Thomas Saunders, un o’i blant, wedi’i ei gyfoeth.

Perthyberllan The Saunders family came to Perthyberllan the document herself and she is called Mary early in the 18th century and lived there Sanders; she lived at Henfaes, Llanllwni. On for almost two centuries. Perthyberllan was David Alexander’s will, his name has been bought by Rees Saunders from Erasmus split between two lines; what appears is: Lewis , a wealthy and influential official in David Alex government service in London. Erasmus Sander. Lewis was originally from Abercothi and he, in turn, had bought Perthyberllan from the This could explain how the surname family of John Morgan, Upland, Llandyfaelog, Sanders and then Saunders was adopted who was High Sheriff in 1704. Erasmus by the wife and descendants of David Lewis owned Perthyberllan for only a few Alexander. David Alexander had four months before the property was purchased brothers namely William, John, Morgan and by Rees Saunders. Rees Saunders was the Howell Alexander. son of David Alexander of Llanllwni. David Alexander’s name occurs in the Llanllwni The three storey house at Perthyberllan, churchwardens’ report in 1705. with a row of three windows on each storey belongs to the 18th century. The date David Alexander died in 1708 and was 1737and the initials of Rees Saunders and buried in Llanllwni. A copy of his will is his wife Mary can still be seen on a stone in preserved in the National Library of Wales. the wall of one of the outhouses . This stone But Saunders was the surname of his wife could either commemorate the marriage of Mary when she was buried in Llanllwni on Rees and Mary that year or the date when February 3, 1740. A copy of Mary Saunders’ they took ownership of the property after will is also preserved in the National Library buying it in 1735. It is possible that Mary of Wales. It appears that Mary could not sign was Rees Saunders’ second wife because 10 People from the Parish

Gallodd Rees Saunders fanteisio hefyd by young plantations and a highly ar ddatblygiad newydd ym myd amaeth cultivated farm. In the village where the yn ystod ail hanner y ddeunawfed ganrif, Inn is which consists of only three or four sef y cynnydd yn y defnydd o galch ar houses there is a country shop on a very gyfer gwrteithio a bu wrthi’n gwella large scale. heolydd ardal New Inn i hwyluso cludo calch i’r ardal hon. Mae’n debyg mai at Thomas Saunders (1729-1816), mab Rees Saunders, Mae’n ymddangos fod gan Rees y mae Fenton yn cyfeirio. Dyma’r Saunders gysylltiadau busnes yn Thomas Saunders a oedd yn berchen Llundain oherwydd yn y fan honno y ar y Travellers Rest, y dafarn newydd cafodd yr arian i brynu Perthyberllan. a roddodd enw ar bentref New Inn. Ac roedd yn [r uchelgeisiol iawn. Roedd gan Thomas, fusnes teiliwr Yn 1755 ychwanegodd Blodeuen a sylweddol iawn yn Llundain ac roedd Castell, New Inn, at ei eiddo ac o yntau’n [r cefnog iawn, iawn. Yn bosibl tyddyn Llain-gam. Llundain roedd mewn sefyllfa dda i gynrychioli diddordebau busnes Roedd gan Rees Saunders naw o ei dad yn ogystal. Priododd mab blant yn fyw pan ysgrifennwyd ei Thomas Saunders, sef George, â Mary ewyllys, ond dim ond dau o’i blant yn (1797-1882), merch Thomas Rees, unig, sef Stephen a Benjamin, y ddau Siop New Inn yn Llanfihangel-ar-arth ysgutor, a enwir ynddi. Bu farw Rees ar 20 Tachwedd 1817. Dyma uno dau yn Llanybydder yn 1762/63. deulu pwysig a dylanwadol yn yr ardal.

Pan ymwelodd Richard Fenton Yn 1788 trowyd y ffordd drwy (1747-1821), y bardd a’r awdur, â New Inn yn ffordd dyrpeg ac New Inn yn 1804 arhosodd yn: yr oedd Thomas Saunders, Perthyberllan, yn un o’r a new house lately opened ymddiriedolwyr (ynghyd â belonging to a Mr Saunders… who Thomas Bowen, Maesycrugiau a was a taylor in York Buildings (London), and Cofeb Perthyberllan yn John Rees, New Inn). Codwyd tri tholldy has retired to a very neat house surrounded Eglwys Llanllwni er mwyn casglu’r tollau – yn Peniel, it appears that Thomas Saunders, one of development in agricultural practice during neat house surrounded by young plantations his children was born about 1729. Thomas the second half of the 18th century, namely, and a highly cultivated farm. In the village Saunders was churchwarden 1808-09. Rees’s the use of lime to improve the condition where the Inn is which consists of only three or sister, Gwenllian, lived in Bryn, Llanllwni. Evan of the soil. He also improved the roads four houses there is a country shop on a very Saunders was another brother to Rees and around New Inn in order to facilitate the large scale. Gwenllian and one of his children Rice Evan transporting of lime to this part of the Saunders inherited Bryn when Gwenllian country. Fenton is probably referring to Thomas died aged 86 in 1779. Rice Saunders and Saunders (1729–1816) , the son of Rees Lettice Bowen were married in Llanllwni It appears that Rees Saunders had business Saunders and owner of the Travellers Rest, church on 11 January 1788. connections in London: it was there that the new inn, which gave its name to the he had secured resources to purchase village of New Inn. Thomas had a flourishing Business and trading must have been part of Perthyberllan. He was also a very ambitious tailor’s business in London and he was a Rees Saunders Perthyberllan’s make-up. In man. In 1755 he added Blodeuen and very, very wealthy man. In London he had 1741 he was associated with the iron works Castell, New Inn to his estate and possibly been in a good position to represent his at Cwmdwyfran. In that year he obtained a also Llain-gam. father Rees’s business interests. lease on Betws farm, Abergwili,– possibly in order to ensure that there was adequate Rees Saunders had nine surviving children In 1788 the road through New Inn became charcoal for the iron works. Charcoal was when he wrote his will, but only two of his a turnpike road and Thomas Saunders, the main fuel burned at Cwmdwyfran and children, Stephen and Benjamin, the two Perthyberllan was one of the trustees (with fuel was bought for the furnaces from the executors, are named in the document. Rees Thomas Bowen, Maesycrugiau and John Saunders estates in Llanllwni and Llanfihan- died in Llanybydder in 1762/3. Rees, New Inn). Three tollgates were built gel-ar-arth. Charcoal was also brought from to collect the tolls – at Peniel, New Inn and and Caeo to feed the furnaces When Richard Fenton, (1747-1821) the Cwm-ann. In 1806 it was decided to move at Cwmdwyfran. Rees’ connection with the poet and author, visited New Inn in 1804 he the gate from New Inn to Pen-Top Llanllwni works in Cwmdwyfran came to an end in stayed in: and the new tollgate was built at Gwarallt– 1744. And it appears that cattle dealing and fach. lending money to drovers became his main a new house lately opened belonging to a business and the foundation of his wealth. Mr Saunders...... who was a taylor in York When Thomas died in 1816 his estate He also took advantage of an important Buildings (London), and has retired to a very included Perthyberllan, Pant Mawr and 11 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

yn New Inn ac yn Cwm-ann. Yn 1806 penderfynwyd symud y gât o New Inn i Ben-top, Llanllwni ac yno y codwyd tolldy newydd Gwarallt-fach. Pan fu farw Thomas Saunders yn 1816, roedd ei eiddo yn cynnwys Perthyberllan, Pant-mawr a Travellers Rest

Roedd George Saunders (1786-1875) wedi’i eni yn Llundain a’i fedyddio (6 Ionawr 1786) yn St. Martins-in-the-Fields, Westminster. Felly hefyd plant eraill Thomas Saunders. Bedyddiwyd Frances, 3 Mai 1772 yn St Martins-in-the-Fields. Bu farw’n ddibriod yn 1854 a’i chladdu yn Llanllwni. Bedyddiwyd Margaret, 25 Mawrth 1778 yn St Martins-in–the-Fields. Bedyddiwyd David Hughes, 20 Mawrth 1783 yn St Martins-in-the-Fields; aeth i’r offeiriadaeth. Nid oes gwybodaeth am blentyn arall, sef Anne. Roedd George Saunders, Perthyberllan yn warden Eglwys Llanllwni 1828-29 a noda’r hynafiaethydd George Eyre Evans (1857-1939) i George Saunders wasanaethu’r plwyf yn ffyddlon am dros 44 o flynyddoedd.

Travellers Rest. George Saunders, the son of Thomas Saunders married Mary, (1797-1882), the daughter of Thomas Rees of New Inn shop. This marriage on 20 November 1817 brought together two important and influential families in the area.

George Saunders (1786-1875) was born in London and baptised in St. Martins–in– the-fields, Westminster on 6 January 1786. Thomas Saunders’ other children were also baptised in St. Martins–in–the-fields: Frances was baptised there on 3 May 1772. Margaret on 25 March 1778, David Hughes on 20 March 1783; he became a priest. There is no information about another child called Anne. George Saunders, (Gyda chaniatâd Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru)

Perthyberllan was warden of Llanllwni Thomas Rhys Saunders (1822-1904), was church in 1828-29 and the historian and the son of George and Mary (1797-1882). antiquarian George Eyre Evans notes that He was one of the elders of Salem, New George Saunders served the parish faithfully Inn and a faithful servant to the chapel. On for more than 44 years. 1 January 1851 he presented a minute-book At the beginning of the 19th century to the chapel to record the history of the George Saunders founded a private school cause there. in Perthyberllan . The schoolmaster was a Mr Charles of New Inn. Local children were Thomas Rhys Saunders became a preacher invited to study in the school as company with the Calvinistic Methodists after leaving for Thomas, George Saunders’ only child. Perthyberllan for Llanelli in 1873 when he And it was George Saunders who instigated was 51 years of age. He died in , the building of a bridge over the river Llanelli and left a widow, Emma; there were Glwydeth between Llanllwni and New Inn no children from the marriage. Perthyberllan in 1822. 12 People from the Parish

Ddechrau’r bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg, ef ym Mrawdlys Caerloyw i dalu iawndal i sefydlodd George Saunders ysgol breifat Ann White a’i gyhuddo o dorri addewid Gwybodaeth bellach/ yn Perthyberllan. Yr ysgolfeistr oedd Mr i’w phriodi. Cyflwynwyd tystiolaeth i’r llys Further information: Charles, New Inn. Gwahoddwyd plant ei fod wedi torri sawl addewid i dalu am lleol i astudio yn yr ysgol hon yn gwmni i fagu’r plentyn a bu rhaid i’r fam sicrhau • Carmarthen Antiquarian Society Thomas, unig fab George Saunders. George gorchymyn llys i’w orfodi i dalu deuswllt yr and Field Club Transactions. Saunders hefyd a barodd, yn 1822, godi’r wythnos tan y byddai’r bachgen yn 13 oed. • Dubé, Steve (2000) This Small bont dros afon Glwydeth rhwng Llanllwni Addawodd Saunders ar sawl achlysur, hyd Corner: A History of Pencader and a New Inn. yn oed ar ôl i’r bachgen dyfu, y byddai’n District (Cyngor Sir Caerfyrddin). priodi ag Ann White, ond mynnai ohirio • Evans, Michael C S (1975). Aeth Thomas Rhys Saunders (1822-1904), hynny tra byddai ei dad, George Saunders, ‘Cwmdwyfran Forge 1699-1839’, mab George a Mary, i bregethu gyda’r byw. Carmarthen Antiquary. Methodistiaid Calfinaidd wedi iddo • Hughes D G Lloyd (1966) Tir yr ymadael â Pherthyberllan am Lanelli Mewn llys agored y sicrhawyd y gorchymyn Abad: Hanes New Inn a Gwyddgrug yn 1873 ac yntau’n 51 oed. Fe’i nodir i dalu at fagu’r plentyn a phan ddaeth yn Shir Gâr. ymhlith blaenoriaid Salem, New Inn a George Saunders i wybod am yr helynt, • Jones, Francis (2006) Historic bu’n was ffyddlon i Salem. Ar 1 Ionawr diarddelwyd Thomas Rhys Saunders o’i Carmarthenshire Homes and their 1851 cyflwynodd goflyfr i’r capel er mwyn etifeddiaeth. Gadawodd Perthyberllan a Families (Brawdy Books). cofnodi hanes yr achos yn New Inn. Bu symud i ardal Llanelli. Dilewyd ei enw fel farw yn 1904 yn Llwynhendy, Llanelli. pregethwr o restr y cwrdd misol. Ond Gadawodd weddw, Emma; nid oedd plant ym mis Mawrth 1875 adferwyd ef i gorlan o’r briodas. Ond cydnabu Thomas Rhys y pregethwyr ar gais eglwys Nazareth, Saunders fod ganddo fab, David White Llwynhendy. Bu rhaid iddo aros tan 1889, teulu i fyw yn Perthyberllan. Bu Elizabeth Saunders, a aned yn 1851, plentyn siawns sut bynnag, i’w ordeinio’n weinidog ac farw yn ddibriod. Bu farw chwaer Elizabeth Ann White, morwyn yn Perthyberllan. erbyn hynny roedd yn 67 oed. Margaretta, yn dair wythnos oed yn 1818. Daeth yr argyfwng personol mawr hwn Yn 1893 gwerthwyd yr ystad a oedd ym mywyd Thomas Rhys Saunders yn Chwaer Thomas Rhys Saunders, Elizabeth yn cynnwys y plas a’i 165 erw o dir am gyhoeddus yn Awst 1874 pan orfodwyd Saunders (1820-1891), oedd yr olaf o’r £3,250.

But Thomas Rhys Saunders admitted that he The last member of the family to live in had fathered a son, David White Saunders Perthyberllan was Elizabeth Saunders who was born in 1851, the illegitimate child (1820–1891) the sister of Thomas Rhys of Ann White, a maid at Perthyberllan. This Saunders. She died a spinster. Elizabeth’s great personal crisis in the life of Thomas sister Margaretta had died in 1818 when Rhys Saunders became public in August she was three weeks old. 1874 when he was forced, at Gloucester Assizes, to pay compensation to Ann White In 1893 the estate which comprised the who had accused him of breach of promise. house and its 165 acres of land was sold for Evidence was presented in court that he £3,250. had broken several promises to pay for the child’s keep and the mother had to obtain The Perthyberllan memorial is in Eglwys a court order compelling Thomas Rhys Llanllwni. Saunders to pay two shillings a week until the boy reached 13 years of age. Saunders had promised on several occasions to marry Ann White even after the boy had grown up, but he insisted on delaying the marriage (Gyda chaniatâd Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru) while his father George Saunders was alive.

The order to pay for the child’s keep was made in open court and when George Saunders heard of the case, Thomas Rhys Saunders lost his inheritance. His name was removed from the list of preachers in the Monthly Assembly . However in March 1875 he was welcomed back into the fold of preachers at the request of Nazareth Chapel, Llwynhendy. He was not ordained a minister until 1889 and by then he was 67.

(Gyda chaniatâd Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru) 13 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni Teulu Maesycrugiau

Er bod tystiolaeth bod amryw deuluoedd i’r achos gan Jenkin Davies, Maesycrugiau. bonheddig wedi byw ym Maesycrugiau Ymgartrefodd yr Annibynwyr yno am 125 ers yr unfed ganrif ar bymtheg, yn y mlynedd. ddeunawfed ganrif y daeth yr ystâd yn eiddo i deulu’r Thomasiaid. Honnent Cafodd Jenkin a Sarah Davies bump o berthynas ag un o ddilynwyr Iarll blant: Richmond a ddaeth yn ddiweddarach yn 1. David Thomas Bowen (1792–1848). Harri’r VII. Roedd yn ddibriod, ond ar 01.08.1831 bedyddiwyd Mary, merch Gwenllian Mathias Margaret yw’r cyntaf i’w choffáu ar gofeb y a David Thomas Bowen Davies yng nghapel teulu yn Eglwys Llanllwni. Nodir mai enwau yr Annibynwyr, Pencader. Roedd Capten ei rhieni oedd Thomas Thomas a Sarah. David Thomas Bowen Davies yn berchen ar (Claddwyd Thomas Thomas yn Llanllwni ar diroedd helaeth ym Mhencader. 27.05.1751 a chladdwyd Sarah yn Llanllwni ar 17.04.1753). 2. Margaretta Bowen (m. 1858). Yn 1838 priododd â David Fryer Nicholl. Nid Bu Margaret yn briod ddwywaith. Ei g[r oedd plant o’r briodas hon. Yn Hydref cyntaf oedd John Bowen, mab Daniel 1843 llosgwyd t] byw, tai allan a stablau Bowen, Waunifor. Cawsant bedwar o blant Gwar-y-graig, , gan ferched Beca: ond un yn unig, sef Sarah, a fu fyw ac a roedd Gwar-y-graig yn eiddo i Mrs Nicholl. etifeddodd Maesycrugiau. Ail [r Margaret Roedd y lle yn wag ar y pryd ond y gred oedd y Parch David Williams, Dolwlff, yn lleol oedd bod Mrs Nicholl yn trafod â Teulu Maesycrugiau Family . Nid oedd plant o’r ail briodas. sawl tenant posibl i annog cystadleuaeth yn eu plith am yr eiddo hwn. Roedd yn Priododd Sarah Bowen (1759-1827) arfer annerbyniol ar ran tirfeddiannwyr a Nicholl yn gefnogol iawn i’r achos yno. Maesycrugiau â Jenkin Davies (m.1836) o chafodd Mrs Nicholl ei chosbi gan Beca. Ym Mai 1846 cynhaliwyd cyfarfod misol Glanroca, Llanddewibrefi, Ceredigion. Ar dir ystad Maesycrugiau y cafodd capel Henaduriaeth Sir Gaerfyrddin yn y capel ac New Inn ei godi a dywedir bod Mrs yn ôl adrodiad yn Yr Amserau gwahoddwyd Mae cytundeb cynbriodasol y pâr ifanc a y blaenoriaid a’r pregethwyr i giniawa gyda wnaed ar 21 Gorffennaf 1792 yn dangos hi yn New Inn Cottage (Gwastod Abbot). fod Maesycrugiau yn ystad sylweddol Gwahoddwyd tlodion y gymdogaeth i iawn ac yn cynnwys 12 eiddo yn wledda ar weddillion y ginio. Llanllwni; 8 yn ; 5 yn Llanfihangel-ar-arth; 12 yn 3. John Bowen (1797–1832). Llanfairorllwyn, Ceredigion; 2 yn Roedd yn ddibriod, ond yn dad Llangunllo, Ceredigion; ffioedd i ddau o blant: Henry Jones (m. 11 o ffermydd yn Llanfihangel- 1848) ac Elizabeth (1829-1890). ar-arth; ffioedd 4 fferm ym Bedyddiwyd Elizabeth yn Llanllwni mhlwyf Cellan, a ffi 1 fferm yn yn 1834 wedi marwolaeth ei Llanddewibrefi. Roedd stad ei thad. Magwyd Elizabeth yn y plas g[r yn cynnwys 6 eiddo yn a daeth yn aeres Maesycrugiau. Llanddewibrefi; 4 yn Llangybi; 1 Enw ei mam oedd Elizabeth Jones, ym mhlwyf Betws Bledrws yng Maesycrugiau. Gwnaed cais gan Ngheredigion. aelodau’r teulu i herio ewyllys Mrs Nicholl; bu’r ymdrech Bu Jenkin Davies yn warden yn faith ac yn gostus ac yn Eglwys Llanllwni yn 1802-3, aflwyddiannus. ac 1824-25. Roedd yn ynad heddwch yng Ngheredigion ac 4. Sarah (m. 1800). yn Sir Gaerfyrddin. Trigai yng Nglanroca ger Llanddewibrefi 5. Mary (m. 1805). Flwyddyn ac ym Maesycrugiau. Ac ar ôl ei chladdu codwyd yr yntau’n ynad heddwch, roedd arch o’r gladdgell a’i agor er yn berson cwbl allweddol mwyn i’r fam allu syllu eto yng ngweinyddiaeth plwyfi ar wyneb y fechan. Caewyd gogledd Sir Gaerfyrddin a de yr arch drachefn a’i gladdu Ceredigion. Yn 1875 agorwyd dan sedd Maesycrugiau yn yr yr Hen Gapel ym Mhencader eglwys. Cofnodir y digwyddiad ar dir a gyflwynwyd yn rhodd a ffynhonnell y wybodaeth yn 14 People from the Parish Maesycrugiau

in Llanfairorllwyn, Ceredigion; 2 in Llangunllo, Henry Jones (d. 1848) and Elizabeth (1829 Ceredigion; the fees from 11 farms in –1890) Elizabeth was baptised in Llanllwni Llanfihangel-ar-arth; fees from 4 farms in in 1834 after her father’s death. Elizabeth the parish of Cellan and the fee from one was brought up in the mansion and farm in Llanddewibrefi. Jenkin Davies’estate inherited Maesycrugiau under the terms of included 6 properties in Llanddewibrefi; Mrs Nicholl’s will. Her mother’s name was 4 in Llangybi and 1 in the parish of Betws Elizabeth Jones, Maesycrugiau. The family Bledrws, Ceredigion. attempted to contest Mrs Nicholl’s will; the legal battle was long and costly and Jenkin Davies was warden of Llanllwni unsuccessful. church 1802-3 and 1824-5. He was a justice of the peace in Ceredigion and 4. Sarah (d.1800). Carmarthenshire. He lived at Glanroca in Llanddewibrefi and in Maesycrugiau. 5. Mary (1796 –1805). A year after her As justice of the peace he held an burial, her coffin was raised from the vault influential position in the administration and opened so that her mother could of parishes in north Carmarthenshire look upon the child’s face once more. The and south Ceredigion (Cardiganshire). In coffin was re-sealed and buried under 1875 Hen Gapel Pencader was opened the Maesycrugiau pew in the church. on land presented to the cause by Jenkin This event was recorded in the published Davies, Maesycrugiau. The Independents notes of antiquarian George Eyre Evans worshipped there for 125 years. (1857–1939).

Jenkin and Sarah Davies had five children: The memorial tablet in Llanllwni church Although there is evidence that various 1. David Thomas Bowen (1792 –1848) . was erected by Elizabeth Jones (d. 1890). county gentry families had lived in He was unmarried, but on 1 January 1831, She is described as a strong willed woman Maesycrugiau as early as the 16th century, Mary, the daughter of Gwenllian Mathias and by George Eyre Evans. When the memorial it was in the 18th century that the estate David Thomas Bowen Davies was baptised was erected, there was a huge dispute became the property of the Thomas family. in the Independent chapel Pencader. Captain between Elizabeth and the diocesan They claimed descent from one of the David Thomas Bowen Davies owned authorities: the memorial was put in place followers of the Earl of Richmond who later extensive lands in Pencader. without their permission and without became Henry VII. discussion about its position in the church. 2. Margaretta Bowen (d. 1858). In 1838 she But the memorial remains where it was Margaret is the first member of the family to married David Fryer Nicholl. There were originally placed. It is interesting to note that be commemorated on the family memorial no children from this marriage. In October there is no mention of Margaret Williams’ tablet in Llanllwni Church. It notes that her 1843 the house, outhouses and stables second husband on the memorial. Elizabeth’s parents were Thomas Thomas and Sarah. of Gwar-y-graig, Brechfa were burned by will shows that she also owned the 158 acre (Thomas Thomas was buried in Llanllwni on Rebecca Rioters: Gwar-y-graig was owned farm of Blaenblodau and it is probable that 27th May 1751 and Sarah buried in Llanllwni by Mrs Nicholl. The place was uninhabited she was responsible for building Blaenblodau on 17th April 1753) at the time but the perception locally was mansion, New Inn, towards the end of the that Mrs Nicholl was discussing terms with 19th century. Margaret Thomas married twice. Her first several possible tenants in an attempt to husband was John Bowen, son of Daniel encourage competition among them. This Elizabeth (d.1890) married John Jones Bowen, Waunifor. They had four children, was practice was not approved of locally (1812–1877) of Llanddewibrefi. They had but only one, Sarah, survived and inherited and so Rebecca punished Mrs Nicholl. New three daughters: Emily Annie, Elizabeth Rosie Maesycrugiau. Margaret’s second husband Inn chapel was built on land owned by the and Sarah Maud Margretta Bowen. was the Revd. David Williams, Dolwlff, Maesycrugiau estate and it is said that Mrs Ceredigion. There were no children from Nicholl was very supportive of the cause Emily Annie (1846 -1892) She married the second marriage. there. In May 1846 the monthly meeting twice. Her first husband was William James of the elders of Carmarthenshire was held Morgan, proprietor of ‘The Welshman’ a Sarah Bowen (1759–1827) Maesycrugiau, in the chapel and according to a report weekly newspaper published in Carmarthen. married Jenkin Davies (d. 1836) of Glanroca, in Yr Amserau the elders and preachers She lived for sometime in Blaenblodau Llanddewibrefi, Ceredigion. were invited to dine with her in New Inn mansion. They had three children: Cottage(Gwastod Abbott). The paupers The pre-nuptial agreement between the of the district were invited to feast on the 1. Hugh Thomas (1868 –1893). young couple dated 21 July 1792 shows that remains of that dinner. He did not marry. Maesycrugiau was a very substantial estate and comprised of 12 properties in Llanllwni; 3. John Bowen (1797–1832) he was 2. Frank. He married Louisa Wood ,who 8 in Llangeler; 5 in Llanfihangel–ar-arth; 12 unmarried but was father to two children: was much older than he was, in 1890. 15 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

nodiadau’r hynafiaethydd George Elizabeth Rosie oedd ail ferch Elizabeth Cyhoeddodd Syr Courtenay Mansel ddwy Eyre Evans. a John Jones. Cafodd hi ei bedyddio yn gyfrol o farddoniaeth: The Masque of King Llanllwni yn 1861 ond cafodd ei geni Charles VI and other poems, John Ouseley, Codwyd y gofeb bresennol i’r teulu gan c.1850. Yn 1875 priododd â’r Dr Henry London 1912; The South Wind, Allen & Elizabeth (m.1890). Disgrifir Elizabeth fel Harries Davies, Llandysul, meddyg teulu Unwin, London 1923. gwraig o gymeriad cryf gan George Eyre Sarah Jacob a g[r gweddw. Bu ysgariad Evans. Pan osodwyd y gofeb, bu helynt yn 1894. Ond am gyfnod byr bu meddyg Mae Llyfr Log Ysgol Llanllwni yn dangos anferthol gydag awdurdodau’r esgobaeth: teulu Sarah Jacob a brawd Sarah Jacob yn mor gefnogol fu teulu Maesycrugiau i ysgol codwyd y gofeb heb eu caniatâd a heb briod â dwy chwaer! Ac roedd John Jones, y pentref. Trefnodd Lady Mary bod cinio ymgynghori am y lleoliad. Ond mae’r Maesycrugiau yn aelod o’r pwyllgor lleol ysgol i holl blant y pentref, flynyddoedd gofeb yn dal yn y man lle y gosodwyd a sefydlwyd yn 1869 i ymchwilio i achos cyn i awdurdodau lleol fabwysiadu’r cynllun hi’n wreiddiol. Mae’n ddiddorol na cheir Sarah Jacob. cenedlaethol. sôn o gwbl am ail [r Margaret Williams ar y gofeb. Mae’n ymddangos nad oedd Sarah Maud Margaretta Bowen oedd Yn mis Mai 1931 priodwyd Katherine Elizabeth Jones yn ystyried ei bod hi’n y drydedd ferch. Cafodd hi ei bedyddio yn Mansel, un o ferched Syr Courtenay, ag werth ei goffáu ef ar y gofeb. Dengys 1861 a phriodi’n ifanc iawn yn 1878 â Syr Edgar Jones tafarnwr y Beehive a pherchen ewyllys Elizabeth mai hi hefyd oedd Richard Mansel, y 12fed Barwnig. Cawsant garej ym Mhencader, yn Gretna Green. perchen fferm 158 erw Blaenblodau fab, Syr Courtenay Mansel (1880-1933), y Roedd a hi’n 23 oed ar y pryd, Cafwyd ail ac mae’n debygol mai hi a gododd Plas 13eg Barwnig, a drigai ym Maesycrugiau. briodas ‘go iawn’ yn St Giles, Bloomsbury, Blaenblodau, New Inn, tua diwedd y 19eg Cafodd Courtenay Mansel ei addysgu yn Llundain, ddwy flynedd yn ddiweddarach. ganrif. Harrow a chafodd yrfa fel bargyfreithiwr. Bu Edgar a Katherine yn cadw’r Beehive Yn ystod y Rhyfel Byd Cyntaf ymunodd â’r ym Mhencader. Priododd Elizabeth â John Jones Royal Flying Corps ac yn ddiweddarach â’r (1812-1877) o Landdewibrefi. Cawsant dair Llu Awyr. Priododd Syr Courtenay Mansel Olynwyd Syr Courtenay gan ei fab Syr merch: Emily Annie, Elizabeth Rosie a Sarah â Mary Phillippa Agnes Germaine (m. 1958) John Philip Ferdinand Mansel (1910-47) y Maud Margaretta Bowen. a chawsant o leiaf 11 o blant. Dinistriwyd 14eg Barwnig. Yn 1939 priododd Syr John yr hen blas ym Maesycrugiau yn 1902 gan â Hannah Rees o Gwmhwplyn, Pencader, Emily Annie (1846-1892). Bu ‘n briod dân, a symudodd Syr Courtenay i’r Cottage morwyn yn y Beehive. Bu’r briodas yn ddwywaith. Y g[r cyntaf oedd William (Gwastod Abbott), New Inn. Adeiladwyd y swyddfa’r cofrestrydd yng Nghaerfyrddin. James Morgan, perchen wythnosolyn yng plas presennol yn ystod 1903-1905 gan J C Pan fu farw Syr John yn 1947 olynwyd ef Nghaerfyrddin o’r enw ‘The Welshman’. Mitchell ar gyfer Syr Courtenay. gan ei unig fab Syr Philip Mansel (1943-) y Gwnaeth ei chartref am gyfnod ym Mhlas 15fed Barwnig, ac yntau’n bedair oed. Blenblodau. Cawsant dri o blant: Roedd Syr Courtenay yn awyddus iawn i ddilyn gyrfa fel gwleidydd ond methodd Claddgell teulu Maesycrugiau ym mynwent 1. Hugh Thomas (1868-1893). Roedd â chael cefnogaeth gan y Rhyddfrydwyr i eglwys Llanllwni yw’r gladdgell grandiaf yn ddibriod. ymladd sedd yng Nghymru. Yn 1923, sut o ddigon yn y rhan hon o Ddyffryn Teifi: bynnag, cafodd ei fabwysiadu’n ymgeisydd adeilad hirsgwar cadarn o dywodfaen coch 2. Frank. Priododd yn 1890 â Louisa gan y Rhyddfrydwyr yn Penryn a Falmouth. a lle arno i goffáu aelodau o’r teulu ar Wood, athrawes breifat Courtenay Cecil Enillodd y sedd yn 1923 â mwyafrif parchus, gerrig marmor. Mansel, a oedd dipyn yn h]n nag ef. ond ei cholli i Geidwadwr yn 1924. Yn 1928 ymladdodd is-etholiad Caerfyrddin, dros 3. Llywellyn. (1877-?). y Ceidwadwyr y tro hwn, a cholli’n drwm. Ymgeisiodd am sedd Prifysgol Cymru yn Gwybodaeth bellach/ Evan Jacob, brawd Sarah Jacob, oedd ail 1929 a cholli eto i ymgeisydd y Rhyddfrydwr. Further information [r Emily Annie. Priodwyd hwynt yn 1882. Cawsant un ferch, Eliza Hannah Rosy a Mae’n ironig mai colli ei sedd i Geidwadwr • Leslie Baker-Jones (1999) Princlings, fedyddiwyd yn 1883 yn eglwys a wnaeth Syr Courtenay Mansel yn 1923 Priviledge and Power...The Tivyside Llanfihangel-ar-arth. Buont yn byw ym ond yn dilyn etholiad 1868 roedd teulu Gentry in their Community (Gomer, Mhlas Blaenblodau a’r Cottage (Gwastod Maesycrugiau wedi eu cyhuddo o droi Llandysul) Abbott), New Inn. Bu Emily Annie farw yn tenantiaid o’u tai am nad oedden nhw wedi • Carmarthen Antiquarian Society and 46 oed a’i chladdu yn Llanllwni. cefnogi’r Torïaid, dewis blaid eu landlordiaid, Field Club Transactions. yn yr etholiad hwnnw. • Cule, John (1967) Wreath on the Crown (Gomer, Llandysul) Yr hen blas ym Maesycrugiau • Dubé, Steve (2000) This Small Corner: A History of Pencader and District (Cyngor Sir Caerfyrddin). • Hughes, D G Lloyd (1996) Tir yr Abad: Hanes New Inn a Gwyddgrug yn Shir Gâr. • Jones, Francis (2006) Historic Carmarthenshire Homes and their Families (Brawdy Books). • The Times 5 January 1933 p.12. 16 People from the Parish

She was private tutor to Courtenay Cecil Mansel.

3. Llywelyn. (1877- ?).

Emily Annie’s second husband was Evan Jacob, the brother of Sarah Jacob ‘The Welsh Fasting Girl’. They were married in 1882. They had one daughter , Eliza Hannah Rosy who was baptised in 1883 in Llanfihangel- ar-arth Church. They lived at Blaenblodau Mansion and the Cottage (Gwastod Abbott), New Inn. Emily Annie died aged 46 and is buried in Llanllwni.

Elizabeth Rosie was the second daughter of Elizabeth and John Jones. She was baptised in Llanllwni in 1861 although born around 1850. In 1875 she married destroyed by fire in 1902 and Sir Courtney the party favoured by the Mansels in that Dr Henry Harries Davies, Llandysul, a moved to the Cottage (Gwastod Abbott), election. widower and family doctor to Sarah Jacob. New Inn. The present mansion was built They were divorced in 1894. But for a during 1903-05 for Sir Courtenay by J C Sir Courtenay Mansel published two short time Sarah Jacob’s doctor and her Mitchell. volumes of poetry : brother were married to two sisters! The Masque of King Charles VI and other And John Jones , Maesycrugiau, Elizabeth Sir Courtenay was very keen to enter poems, John Ouseley, London 1912; Rosie’s father, was a member of the local politics but failed to gain the support of The South Wind, Allen&Unwin , London 1923 committee set up in 1869 to investigate the Liberals to contest a seat in Wales. In the Sarah Jacob affair. 1923, however, he was adopted as Liberal The Log Book of Llanllwni School records candidate for Penryn and Falmouth. He won how supportive the Maesycrugiau family Sarah Maud Margretta Bowen was the third the seat in 1923 with a respectable majority, was of the school. Lady Mary saw to it that daughter. She was baptised in 1861 and but lost it in 1924 to a Conservative. there was school dinner for all the village was married young in 1878 to Sir Richard In 1928, he fought a by-election in children, years before local authorities Mansel, the 12th baronet. They had a son, Carmarthen, for the Conservatives this time, adopted a national system. Sir Courtenay Mansel (1880–1933) the but lost heavily. He contested the University 13th baronet who lived in Maesycrugiau. of Wales seat in 1929 but lost again to the In May 1931 the Hon. Katherine Mansel, one Courtenay Mansel was educated in Harrow Liberal candidate. of Sir Courtenay’s daughters, married Edgar and later practiced as a barrister. During Jones of Pencader, landlord of the Beehive the first world war he joined The Royal It is rather ironic that Sir Courtenay Mansel Inn and garage, in Gretna Green. She was 23 Flying Corps and later the Air Force. Sir lost his seat to a Tory in 1924, because years old at the time. Two years later, there Courtenay Mansel married Mary Phillippa in 1868 the family at Maesycrugiau had was a second ‘proper’ wedding in St Giles, Agnes Germaine (d. 1958) and they had at been accused of evicting families from Bloomsbury, London. Edgar and Katherine least eleven children. The old mansion was their homes for not supporting the Tories, kept the Beehive in Pencader.

Sir Courtenay was succeeded by his son Sir John Philip Ferdinand Mansel (1910 – 47) , the 14th baronet. In 1939 Sir John married Hannah Rees of Cwmhwplin, Pencader, barmaid at the Beehive. The marriage took place in the Registry Office in Carmarthen. When Sir John died in 1947 he was succeeded by his only son Sir Philip Mansel, 15th baronet (1943 -) who was just four years old.

The Mansel vault in the graveyard of Llanllwni Church is by far the grandest burial chamber in this part of the Teifi Valley: a solid oblong structure of red sandstone with marble plaques to record the names of family members.

Lady Mary Mansel Syr Courtenay Mansel 17 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni JOZEF DOMANUS (1896 – 1956)

Ganed Jozef Domanus 14 Chwefror 1896 ond cawsant eu dal gan yr Almaenwyr a yn Krzyszkowice, pentref bychan yn ne threulio gweddill y rhyfel mewn amryw Gwlad Pwyl. Ei rieni oedd Wojciech a Anna wersylloedd i ffoaduriaid tan y cadoediad. Domanus. Bu’n byw yn y pentref tan iddo ymuno â byddin Gwlad Pwyl. Daeth drwy’r Ym Mehefin 1940 ymadawodd Jozef â Rhyfel Mawr ond ychydig iawn a wyddys am Ffrainc a chyrraedd yr Alban. Roedd yn dal y cyfnod cynnar hwn yn ei fywyd. yn filwr yn myddin Gwlad Pwyl. Nid tan Awst 1946 yr unwyd y teulu. Roeddent wedi Priododd yn Ionawr 1928 â Janina Burghardt gallu cysylltu â’i gilydd drwy’r Groes Goch a oedd o linach fonheddig a’i gwreiddiau ond roedd hynny’n anodd ac ar adegau yn Awstria. Ganed eu merch Wieslawa ar roedd gwraig a merch Jozef wedi’u cynnwys 21 Tachwedd 1930. Trigent yn nhref fechan ar restr “y rhai heb gyfrif amdanynt”. Lancut, yn ne Gwlad Pwyl. Yno roedd gwersyll catrawd y marchfilwyr, catrawd Yn Awst 1946 y gwnaed datganiad Jozef swyddogol: gwahoddiad gan Churchill i wragedd a phlant aelodau o luoedd Pan oresgynwyd Gwlad Pwyl ym Medi 1939, arfog Gwlad Pwyl ymuno â’u gw]r ym bu rhaid i Jozef ymadael â’i famwlad ac Mhrydain. Cafodd Jozef ganiatâd i yrru ailymunodd â byddin Gwlad Pwyl yn Ffrainc. i’r Llysgenhadaeth ym Mrwsel i gael y Roedd Janina a Wieslawa wedi aros yng dogfennau priodol a fyddai’n caniatáu Ngwlad Pwyl ond bu rhaid iddynt ffoi rhag i Janina and Wieslawa ddod i Brydain. yr Almaenwyr. Aethant i Burghardtowka, Cymerodd bythefnos. Aeth yn ei flaen i Pawlow, Radziechow yn nwyrain Gwlad wersyll dosbarthu ym Maczkow (Emsland Pwyl (yr Wcrain, bellach) tan iddynt orfod yn yr Almaen). Aethant i Ostende, croesi i tref fach ddymunol Aberfeldy. Roedd Jozef ffoi drachefn yn wyneb bygythiad o du’r Dover a chyrraedd Gorsaf Fictoria. Taith i’r wedi cael gorchymyn i letya mewn t] mawr Rwsiaid. Bu rhaid iddynt ffoi tua’r Gorllewin Alban oedd o’u blaenau bellach a chyrraedd a oedd yn eiddo i ddau frawd, John and JOZEF DOMANUS (1896 – 1956)

Jozef Domanus was born on 14th February flee once again. This time the Russians were 1896 in a small village, Krzyszkowice, in the invaders and Janina and Wieslawa were southern Poland to parents Wojciech and forced to head towards the West where Anna Domanus. Jozef spent his childhood they fell into the hands of the Germans. here until he joined the Polish army. He They spent periods in various refugee survived the 1st World War but little is camps until the War was over. known of this period of his life. In June 1940, Jozef left France and came to Jozef married Janina Burghardt, of an Scotland where he remained a member Austrian aristocratic family in January 1928. of the Polish Army. Throughout the war, Their daughter, Wieslawa was born on 21st the family were separated and were not November 1930. The family lived in Lancut, reunited until August 1946. It was possible a small town in mid-southern Poland, where to communicate via the Red Cross but it Jozef’s cavalry regiment was stationed. was difficult, and there were times when Jozef’s wife and daughter were classed as On the invasion of Poland in September, “missing”. 1939, Jozef was forced to leave Poland and rejoined the Polish Army in France. An official announcement was made by Janina and Wieslawa stayed in Poland Churchill in August 1946, openly extending but were forced to flee their home an invitation for wives and children of the when the Germans moved in and Polish forces to join their husbands in Britain. their lives were threatened. Jozef secured leave, drove to the Embassy in They fled to their birthplace Brussels to obtain the necessary documents Burghardtowka, Pawlow, for Janina and Wieslawa to enter Great Radziechow in eastern Britain. It took 2 weeks. He then made his Poland (now the Ukraine) way to the displacement camp in Maczkow until they were forced to (Emsland in Germany) and brought them 18 People from the Parish

Peter Haggart. Cofrestrodd Josef ei ferch Cofiai am y gymwynas hon ac am y croeso gyrfa Wieslawa yn yr ysgol. Breuddwydiai 16 oed yn Breadalbane Academy er mwyn twymgalon a gawsant gan y cymydog hwn hi am ddychwelyd i’r Alban ac astudio yn iddi barhau â’i haddysg. Gweithiai ei wraig yn wrth i’r teulu ddechrau ar gyfnod newydd Mhrifysgol Caeredin. Ymhen blwyddyn ffreutur yr Ysbyty. yn eu hanes. roedd wedi llwyddo yn arholiadau’r Cyd-bwyllgor Addysg Cymreig ac yn Hydref Gollyngwyd Jozef o’r fyddin yn Roedd ffermio yn brofiad hollol newydd. 1950 cofrestrodd ym Mhrifysgol Caeredin. Charterhouse, Godalming, Surrey yn Awst Hen d] cerrig â’r muriau’n ddwy droedfedd 1948. Rhoddwyd siwt o ddillad iddo a £25 o drwch a hwnnw’n d] llaith ac yn d] oer. Roedd godro’r da, bwydo’r ieir, y moch yn ei boced! Doedd dim trydan yno na thap d[r. y defaid, y cathod a’r c[n yn orchwyl Amodau cyntefig. Ac roedden beunyddiol. Roedd godro a Credai Jozef y byddai’n syniad da iddynt nhw ymhell o’r Alban ac llaw yn dreth mawr ar egni. Yn ymfudo i Ganada. Ond method ei brawf ymhellach fyth o Wlad Pwyl. ddiweddarach cafwyd peiriant meddygol wedi i dri pwl o pneumonia ei Ond roedd yn gysur eu godro ac roedd hwnnw’n wanhau. Teimlai Josef fod rhaid iddynt eu bod yn fyw a gyda’i gilydd. lleddfu dipyn ar flinder dwylo ac cynnal eu hunain a byw yn annibynnol. Roedden nhw’n ffermwyr arddyrnau. Roedd cig yn ddrud A hwythau’n hannu o wlad lle’r roedd bellach ac roedd gweithio gyda ond roedd y caeau’n gyfor o chwarter o’r boblogaeth yn ffermwyr, dyma chreaduriaid yn bleser ac yn fraint. gwningod rheibus. Roedd gwledd nhw’n dod i Gymru i chwilio am fferm ac Ond byddai’r gwaith yn waith caled. hyd yn oed i’r c[n. Roedd dwy ail-greu bywyd iddyn nhw eu hunain fel ardd lysiau a digonedd o winwns, moron, llawer o gynaelodau eraill o fyddin Gwlad Daeth d[r a thrydan yn eu tro a gwnaed pys, bresych a phob math o berlysiau. Tyfent Pwyl. gwelliannau i’r t]. Plastrwyd a phwyntiwyd y ffrwythau: afalau, cwrens duon ac eirin Mair. muriau. Roedd rhaid wrth ffenestri newydd. Ac roedd digonedd o eirin duon i wneud jam. Ar noson oer a gwlyb ym mis Hydref Trowyd y t]’n gilfach o hafan ddiogel. Gwerthid ychydig ohono yn siop y pentref. dyma gyrraedd gorsaf Llanbedr Pont Tyfent datws hefyd (ar gae o ryw dair erw). Steffan. Fe’u gyrrwyd mewn tacsi i’w Rhaid oedd cael ysgol newydd i’r ferch. Cedwid ychydig a gwerthu’r gweddill yn y fferm Cefncoed-uchaf, Llanllwni, milltir o’r Trefnwyd ymweliad ag Ysgol Uwchradd farchnad leol. Roedd Janina yn gogyddes ac briffordd mewn man tawel, tangnefeddus Llanbedr Pont Steffan. Eglurodd y prifathro yn arddwraig penigamp - cyfuniad o ddoniau wrth odre’r mynydd. Ar y daith at y fferm mai Ysgol Ramadeg Llandysul fyddai’r ysgol ardderchog. Ni fyddai Jozef a Janina wedi aeth y tacsi i’r ffos. Holodd Josef ffermwr fwyaf cymwys i Wieslawa. Bu’r prifathro llwyddo cystal ar y fferm heb gymorth cyfagos i dynnu’r car o’r ffos â’i dractor. Mr Edgar Davies yn gefn mawr gydol diflino Jack Thomas, Derlwyn; Efansiaid via Ostende by ferry to Dover and then to the lane, the taxi landed in the ditch near County Grammar was the school for Victoria Station. Their next train journey another farm. Without hesitation Jozef Wieslawa. The headmaster, Mr Edgar Davies was to Scotland, a delightful little town asked the farmer to pull the taxi out with his proved most helpful with Wieslawa’s school called Aberfeldy. Jozef was billeted in a big tractor. He remembered how kind this man career. Her dream was to go back to house owned by two brothers, John and was and how warmly and comfortingly he Scotland and attend Edinburgh University. Peter Haggart. Jozef enrolled his 16 year old welcomed them into their new life. Another year and she would pass the daughter in the Breadalbane Academy to Higher Leaving Certificate of the Welsh Joint continue her education. His wife worked in The farm was very different to any life they Education Authority. In October 1950 she the Hospital Canteen. had known. A cold, damp, old stone house arrived at Edinburgh University. with walls 2 foot thick. No electricity or Jozef was demobbed in Charterhouse, hot and cold running water. Very primitive Milking cows, feeding chickens, pigs, sheep, Godalming, Surrey in August 1948. His army conditions indeed. Scotland was now far cats and dogs were an everyday task. discharge was a civilian suit and £25! away. Poland was even further but again, Milking cows by hand was a great energy they were consoled by the fact that they consumer. Sometime later a milking machine Jozef thought it would be a good idea to were alive and together. They had become solved the problem of aching hands and go to Canada. This was not to be when farmers for the time being and living wrists. Meat was expensive so trapped Jozef failed his medical. Three bouts of and working with animals was a rich and rabbits provided plenty of meat as the pneumonia had made his chest weak. Jozef pleasant life. Little did they know how hard fields were overrun by the pestilent beasts. felt that they had to be independent and the work was going to be. Even the dogs had a feast. There were coming from a country where one quarter two vegetable gardens which provided the of the population farmed the land, they set Gradually water and electricity were vegetables, onions, carrots, peas, cabbage off to Wales in search of a farm to rebuild brought to the farm. The house was made and all the herbs you could imagine. They their lives as did many other ex-members of habitable. The walls had to be plastered and grew fruit such as apples, black currants the Polish forces. pointed. New windows were essential. With and gooseberries and vast plum and all these changes the house became a little damson trees produced sufficient fruit to They arrived at Lampeter station on a heaven, a sanctuary. make jam which was then sold in the local cold and wet October evening. A taxi village shop. They also grew one field (3 drove them to their farm, Cefncoed-uchaf, A new school had to be found for his acres or so) of potatoes some of which Llanllwni, a mile from the main road, set in daughter. An appointment in Lampeter they kept and the rest were sacked up for a peaceful and tranquil place at the foot Secondary School was arranged. The sale at the market. Janina was an excellent of the mountains. A short distance into headmaster explained that the Llandysul gardener and cook – a great combination. 19 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

Penpompren a Defisiaid Blaencaerneuadd – eglwys gan sicrhau eu bod yn drwsiadus Flwyddyn yn ddiweddarach, daeth Jozef yn yn enwedig y bechgyn. Mae gan hyd yn oed iawn ar gyfer yr unig daith wythnosol o’r dadcu i Suzanne ar 24 Tachwedd 1955. Aeth wyrion Jozef a Janina gof byw am gynaeafu fferm. Janina i aros gyda Wieslawa. Erbyn hyn gwair a didoli’r [yn. roedd y mab yng nghyfraith yn sâl iawn ac Yn y dyddiau hynny byddai’n rhaid iddynt wedi ei gymryd i’r ysbyty. Bu rhaid i Janina Roedd Jozef a’i ferch Wieslawa yn agos fynd i Swyddfa’r Heddlu bob mis gan eu aros gyda’i merch tra oedd Jozef yn gofalu iawn ac yn ystod gwyliau’r brifysgol bod yn dal yn ddinasyddion Gwlad Pwyl. am y fferm. Roedd hi’n gyfnod anodd i’r byddent bob amser yn gweithio gyda’i Yn ystod y Pasg 1950 cawsant eu holi’n teulu. Dychwelodd Janina i Cefncoed-uchaf gilydd yn y caeau yn gwerthfawrogi awel fanwl gan swyddogion y Swyddfa Gartref ar 14 Ionawr. iach y mynydd. a ddaeth i Gymru er mwyn eu cyfweld yn Swyddfa’r Heddlu ym Mhencader. Holwyd Ar 16 Ionawr 1956, bu Jozef yn godro’r Bob Sul byddai’r teulu yn mynychu pob math o gwestiynau a dechreuodd Jozef da fel arfer ac wedi iddo lwytho’r caniau gwasanaeth yn yr Eglwys Gatholig ofidio am eu dyfodol ym Mhrydain. Yn y llaeth ar y tractor ei fwriad oedd mynd fechan yn Llambed. Byddai offeiriad pendraw yn 1951 cawsant eu derbyn yn â nhw at y stand laeth wrth y briffordd. Pwylaidd yn cynnal offeren i’r ffermwyr ddinasyddion Prydeinig. Cafodd ei daro’n wael wrth ochr y ffordd o Bwyliaid a lenwai’r eglwys. Roeddent a bu farw o drawiad ar y galon heb weld yn gwerthfawrogi hyn yn fawr ac roedd Cwblhaodd merch Jozef ei chwrs yn y ei wyres. Fe’i claddwyd ym mynwent gweddïo yn eu mamiath yn cynorthwyo’u brifysgol a phriodi 10 Gorffennaf 1954 Capel Nonni. myfyrdod a’u cadw’n agos at Dduw. yn yr Eglwys Gatholig yn Llanbedr Pont Wedi’r oedfa byddai’r ffermwyr yn dal pen Steffan. Priododd â Janusz Jozwiak a aned Claddwyd Janina (1907 – 1995) a Wieslawa rheswm â’i gilydd ac yn cyfnewid profiadau. yn Poznan, Gwlad Pwyl. Roeddent wedi (1930 – 2008) yng Ngwlad Pwyl. Weithiau byddent yn swpera yn nhai ei cwrdd yn y Brifysgol yng Nghaeredin . gilydd. Prynwyd t] i’r offeiriad yn Llambed Bu’r brecwast priodas yn y Castle Hotel Mae’r wyresau Suzanne a Yvonka am gan y Pwyliaid a daeth hwnnw’n ganolfan i’r yn Llambed. Yn unol â thraddodiad lleol ddiolch i blwyfolion Llanllwni am bob gymuned Bwylaidd. taniwyd gwn gan un o’r cymdogion wrth caredigrwydd a chyfeillgarwch i’r teulu. i’r pâr ifanc adael ar ei mis mêl. Dymuniad Maent yn cofio treulio gwyliau hapus yn Roedd pob Sul yn arbennig i Jozef a’i deulu. Jozef and Janina oedd i’w merch briodi harddwch cefn gwlad Cymru. Byddent yn paratoi’n ddyfal cyn mynd i’r Pwyliad a Phabydd.

Jozef and Janina could not have succeeded preparing for Church making sure they were on the 24th November, 1955. Janina went so well on the farm without the tireless always very smart for their one and only to be with Wieslawa. By this time, their help from the neighbouring farmers; Jack weekly trip from the farm to Church. son in law had become very ill and was Thomas from Derlwyn, the Evans family in hospital. Janina had to stay with her from Penpompren and especially the Davies In those days they had to report to the daughter whilst Jozef tended to the farm. boys from Blaencaerneuadd. Even today Police Station every month because they It was a very tough time for the family. their grandchildren remember the happy, were still Polish citizens. During the Easter Janina returned to Cefncoed-uchaf on the long hard days of haymaking and picking the holidays of 1950 they were screened by 14th January. lambs. officials from the Home Office who came to Wales and interviewed them at Pencader On the morning of the 16th January, 1956, Jozef was very close to his daughter, Police Station. They were asked all sorts Jozef milked the cows as usual and loaded Wieslawa and during the holidays from of questions and Jozef became concerned up the tractor with the milk churns to take University, she was always by his side about their security in Britain. His worries them to the milk stand on the main road. working in the fields, breathing in the fresh were allayed when he and Janina were finally He became unwell on the side of the road mountain air. naturalised and became British citizens in and died from a massive heart attack, never 1951. even having seen his grand-daughter. They attended Church every Sunday in the small Roman Catholic Church in Lampeter. Jozef’s daughter, finished her studies and was He was buried at Capel Nonni, Llanllwni A Polish priest used to say mass for the married on the 10th July 1954, in the Roman where he rests today. His wife, Janina (1907 Polish farmers who filled the church to Catholic Church. Jozef was proud to give – 1995) and daughter, Wieslawa (1930 capacity. They appreciated this and praying his daughter away to Janusz Jozwiak born in – 2008) were laid to rest in their beloved in their own language the familiarity helped Poznan, Poland. Janusz and Wieslawa met Poland. them in their meditation and kept them whilst in Edinburgh. A wedding reception close to God. After Church the farmers was held at the Castle Hotel, Lampeter. The grand-daughters Suzanne and Yvonka would chat to each other and share According to Welsh custom, shots were would like to thank the people of Llanllwni information on their farming methods and fired in the air by one of the neighbours as for the kindness and friendship shown to experiences. Sometimes they would dine they left for their honeymoon. It was Jozef their family and fondly remember their on each other’s farms. The Polish parish and Janina’s wish that she married a Pole holidays spent in the beautiful, stunning bought a house in Lampeter which became and a Roman Catholic. countryside of Wales. a meeting point for the Polish Community. Sundays were very special for Jozef and The following year, Jozef became a Suzanne Galvin and Yvonka Wilkinson his family. They went to great lengths in grandfather to grand-daughter Suzanne, March 2010 20 People from the Parish JÓZEF DOMANUS 1896-1956

Józef Domanus urodził się 14 lutego 1896 Czerwonego Krzyża, nie było to jednak wyruszył wraz z rodziną do Walii w r. jako syn Wojciecha i Anny Domanusów łatwe i nieraz zdarzało się, że żona i poszukiwaniu gospodarstwa, gdzie, jak w Krzyszkowicach, niewielkiej wsi córka Józefa zaliczane były w poczet wiele innych rodzin byłych żołnierzy wojsk na południu Polski. Tu spędził całe „zaginionych”. polskich, mogliby rozpocząć nowe życie. dzieciństwo, dopóki nie wstąpił do polskiego wojska. Przeżył pierwszą wojnę W sierpniu 1940 r. Winston Churchill Pewnego chłodnego i mokrego światową, niewiele jednak wiadomo o tym wystosował oficjalne zaproszenie dla żon październikowego wieczora przybyli na okresie jego życia. i dzieci żołnierzy Polskich Sił Zbrojnych, stację w Lampeter. Taksówka zawiozła ich aby dołączyły do swoich mężów i ojców w na ich nową farmę, Cefncoed-uchaf koło W styczniu 1928 r. Józef poślubił Wielkiej Brytanii. Józef otrzymał przepustkę Llanllwni, położoną o milę od głównej pochodzącą z arystokratycznego na wyjazd do ambasady w Brukseli, aby drogi, w cichym i spokojnym zakątku u austriackiego rodu Janinę Burghardt. zdobyć dokumenty umożliwiające Janinie podnóża góry. Gdy byli już blisko farmy, 21 listopada 1930 r. urodziła im się i Wiesławie przyjazd do Wielkiej Brytanii. taksówce zdarzyło się wpaść do rowu. córka Wiesława. Rodzina zamieszkała Zajęło mu to dwa tygodnie. Następnie Józef bez wahania poprosił farmera z w Łańcucie, niedużym mieście w pojechał do obozu przesiedleńczego w pobliskiego gospodarstwa, by pomógł mu centralno-południowej części Polski, gdzie Maczkowie (powiat Emsland w Niemczech) wydobyć samochód za pomocą traktora. stacjonował pułk kawalerii, do którego i już razem z rodziną udał się przez Później długo wspominał tę przysługę oraz należał Józef. Ostendę promem do Dover, a dalej na uprzejmość i ciepło z jakim sąsiad przywitał Victoria Station. Czekała ich jeszcze podróż rodzinę na progu ich nowego życia. Po napaści na Polskę w 1939 r. Józef pociągiem do Szkocji, do małego, uroczego zmuszony był opuścić ojczyznę. Wstąpił miasteczka o nazwie Aberfeldy. Józefa A było to życie bardzo różne od tego, jakie wówczas do Wojska Polskiego we Francji. zakwaterowano w dużym domu, należącym znali. Zimny, wilgotny, stary kamienny Janina i Wiesława pozostały w kraju, do dwóch braci, Johna i Petera Haggartów. dom o grubych na 2 stopy ścianach. Brak lecz po wkroczeniu armii niemieckiej Józef zapisał szesnastoletnią Wiesławę do elektryczności i bieżącej wody. Były to musiały dla ratowania życia porzucić swój Breadalbane Academy, by kontynuowała rzeczywiście bardzo prymitywne warunki. dom. Uciekły do rodzinnej posiadłości naukę, zaś jego żona dostała pracę w Szkocja była daleko, Polska jeszcze dalej. Bugardtkówki w powiecie radziechowskim stołówce miejscowego szpitala. Lecz fakt, że żyją i są razem dodawał im na południu Polski (obecnie Ukraina), by otuchy. Od tej pory byli farmerami, a życie i wkrótce ponownie zostać zmuszonymi do W sierpniu 1948 r. Józef został praca ze zwierzętami obfitowały w ciekawe ucieczki przed zagrożeniem ze strony wojsk zdemobilizowany w Charterhouse koło i radosne wydarzenia. Czekało ich jednak sowieckich. Nie pozostało im nic innego, Godalming w hrabstwie Surrey. Za całą mnóstwo ciężkiej pracy. jak skierować się na zachód, gdzie wpadły odprawę dostał garnitur i 25 funtów! w ręce Niemców. Resztę wojny spędziły w Stopniowo podłączono na farmie wodę różnych obozach dla uchodźców. Józef uważał, że warto byłoby wyemigrować i elektryczność. Dom nadawał się już do do Kanady. Okazało się to jednak zamieszkania. Trzeba było otynkować i W czerwcu 1940 r. Józef wyjechał z niemożliwe, ponieważ miał zbyt osłabione wzmocnić zaprawą ściany, wstawić nowe Francji do Szkocji, nadal jako żołnierz płuca po przebytych wcześniej trzech okna. Po gruntownym remoncie dom Wojska Polskiego. Rodzina pozostała zapaleniach, by przejść testy medyczne. Józef przemienił się w zaciszne, przytulne gniazdko. rozdzielona przez całą wojnę, aż do sierpnia odczuwał potrzebę niezależności, a z racji 1946 r. Istniała wprawdzie możliwość tego, że pochodził z kraju, w którym jedna Trzeba było znaleźć córce nową szkołę. kontaktowania się za pośrednictwem czwarta populacji zajmowała się rolnictwem, Rodzice umówili się na rozmowę z dyrekcją liceum w Lampeter. Wyjaśniono im, że najodpowiedniejszą szkołą dla Wiesławy będzie County Grammar w Llandysul. Pan dyrektor Edgar Davies okazał dużo

21 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni

pomocy i zaangażowania w karierę szkolną wyjścia na mszę, starając się o odświętny Wiesławy. Jej marzeniem było powrócić do wygląd w tym jedynym dniu tygodnia, kiedy Mary Eleanor Szkocji i podjąć studia na Uniwersytecie opuszczali farmę. w Edynburgu. Już w następnym roku zdała egzaminy końcowe (Higher Leaving W tamtym okresie, ponieważ wciąż byli Hardy Certificate of the Welsh Education obywatelami polskimi, raz w miesiącu Authority), a w październiku 1950 r. musieli meldować się na posterunku policji. rozpoczęła naukę na wymarzonej uczelni. Na Wielkanoc 1950 r. zostali przesłuchani na (1873-1960) posterunku w Pencadaer przez urzędników Na farmie codziennymi zajęciami było Ministerstwa Spraw Wewnętrznych, którzy dojenie krów oraz karmienie kur, świń, kotów specjalnie w tym celu przybyli do Walii. Mary Eleanor Hardy was born in Peniel in i psów. Ręczne dojenie było bardzo ciężką Zadawali najróżniejsze pytania i Józef zaczął 1873 and was brought to Teifi Hill, Llanllwni fizyczną pracą. Nieco później pojawiła się się martwić o przyszłość rodziny w Wielkiej on horseback by her father to live with her automatyczna dojarka, która ulżyła obolałym Brytanii. Koniec końców obawy okazały się ‘Auntie Rees’ whose husband had died not dłoniom i nadgarstkom. Mięso było drogie, płonne, gdyż w 1951 r. wraz z żoną otrzymał long before. Auntie Rees was her mother’s ale dostarczały go w dużej ilości chwytane obywatelstwo brytyjskie. sister and she later legally adopted Mary króliki, które stanowiły prawdziwą plagę Eleanor. When she died in 1960 she was okolicznych pól. Nawet psy miały ucztę. W Córka Józefa ukończyła studia, a 10 lipca the last surviving sister of the Welsh Field gospodarstwie znajdowały się dwa ogrody 1954 r. wzięła ślub w katolickim kościele Hospital in South Africa during the Boar warzywne, w których rosły cebula, marchew, w Lampeter. Wyszła za pochodzącego z War. groszek, kapusta i najróżniejsze zioła. Poznania Janusza Jóźwiaka. Poznali się na Hodowali też owoce, takie jak jabłka, czarne uniwersytecie w Edynburgu. Wesele odbyło Mary Eleanor trained at Manchester Royal porzeczki czy agrest, a olbrzymie śliwy dawały się w Castle Hotel w Lampeter. Zgodnie z Infirmary and in 1900 she went to South dość owoców, żeby robić powidła, które walijską tradycją jeden z sąsiadów wystrzelił Africa with The Welsh Hospital as theatre później sprzedawali w miejscowym sklepiku. w powietrze na pożegnanie młodej pary sister to the late Professor Tom Jones of Mieli także pole (o powierzchni jakichś udającej się w podróż poślubną. Józef i Derlwyn, and of the Manchester 3 akrów), gdzie sadzili ziemniaki. Część Janina życzyli sobie, aby ich córka poślubiła Royal Infirmary. Professor Tom Jones zatrzymywali dla siebie, a resztę sprzedawali Polaka i katolika. was my father’s great uncle. Later when na targu. Janina była wyśmienitą kucharką the Welsh Field Hospital was disbanded i ogrodniczką – wspaniałe połączenie. Rok później, 24 listopada 1955 r., Józef because of exceedingly heavy casualties, Mrs Józefowi i Janinie nie powodziłoby się tak został dziadkiem małej Suzanne. Janina Hardy became a member of the Queen dobrze na farmie bez niestrudzonej pomocy pojechała pomagać Wiesławie, gdyż w tym Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing sąsiadów: Jacka Thomasa z Derlwyn, rodziny czasie ich zięć bardzo poważnie zachorował Service and served in tented hospitals the Evansów z Pempompren, a zwłaszcza synów i leżał w szpitalu. Janina musiała zostać length and breadth of South Africa. państwa Daviesów z Blaencaerneuadd (Blaen z córką, podczas gdy Józef zajmował się Caerneuadd). Wnuczęta Józefa i Janiny do gospodarstwem. Był to dla rodziny trudny Her experiences were many and varied and dziś wspominają długie, szczęśliwe dni okres. 14 stycznia Janina wróciła do her letters are in Teifi Hill. She personally ciężkiej pracy przy sianokosach i wykocie Cefncoed-uchaf. nursed Prince Albert of Connaught, a owiec. grandson of Queen Victoria, who when Rankiem 16 stycznia 1956 r. Józef jak zwykle he was invalided left his polo pony called Józef i jego córka Wiesława byli sobie bardzo wydoił krowy i ładował bańki z mlekiem na ‘Intelligence’ as a personal gift to Sister Rose bliscy i przez cały okres studiów córka traktor, aby zawieźć je na stragan na głównej as she was known by her patients. przyjeżdżała na letnie wakacje, by pracować ulicy. Przy drodze nagle zasłabł i zmarł na przy boku ojca, wdychając świeże, górskie zawał serca, nigdy nie ujrzawszy swojej In 1906 she returned to this country and powietrze. wnuczki. served at Shorncliffe and in southern Ireland, a posting she enjoyed immensely as she was Każdej niedzieli rodzina chodziła na mszę Pochowano go na cmentarzu Capel Nonni an intrepid horsewoman and at the Curragh do niewielkiego katolickiego kościółka w w Llanllwni, gdzie spoczywa do dziś. Jego camp she had every facility to enjoy the Lampeter. Mszę odprawiał polski ksiądz, żonę, Janinę (1907-1995) i córkę, Wiesławę sport. a farmerzy z Polski wypełniali kościół po (1930-2008) złożono w ukochanej Polsce. brzegi. Czuli za to ogromną wdzięczność, a In 1909 she was seconded to the Colonial modlitwa w ojczystym języku pomagała im Wnuczki Józefa, Suzanne i Yvonka, Service and was posted to the British w religijnych rozmyślaniach i utrzymywaniu pragnęłyby podziękować mieszkańcom Hospital Tiensin, North China. She made bliskiej relacji z Bogiem. Po kościele Llanllwni za ich uprzejmość i przyjaźń the journey to Tiensin on the Trans-Siberian farmerzy zbierali się na pogawędki i dzielili okazaną rodzinie. Zawsze będą ciepło Railway unescorted. In those days it wiedzą oraz doświadczeniami zdobytymi na wspominać wakacje spędzone na took three weeks. Again all her letters farmie. Czasami zapraszali się do domów przepięknej walijskiej wsi. are treasured possessions of her na obiad. Polska społeczność zakupiła w grandson. Lampeter dom parafialny, który stał się Suzanne Galvin i Yvonka Wilkinson centralnym miejscem spotkań polskich emigrantów. Niedziela była szczególnym marzec 2010 r. dniem dla Józefa i jego rodziny. Zawsze długo i starannie przygotowywali się do tłumaczenie: Marta Klonowska 22 People from the Parish

In China she had many adventures and made In 1910 she married Walter Hardy at All some of the survivors of the Titanic. several journeys into the interior of Hopeh Saints Church, Tiensin and lived in China Province to nurse isolated British mining until they retired in 1922. In retirement After her husband’s sudden death in 1925 communities. On several occasions she they lived in Haberfield Hall, Eastern-in- Mrs Hardy lived in Wimbelton for many stayed with Welsh Upcountry missionaries Gordano, Somerset. Walter Hardy looked years before returning home to Teifi Hill in and heard Chinese children singing hymns to to go on the maiden voyage of the Titanic 1939 where she happily spent the last 21 the grand old Welsh tunes such as Calon Lân. in 1912, but my grandmother said that no years of her long amazing life. This moved her greatly and she writes very ship was unsinkable, so he rebooked on touchingly about these occasions. another ship, a ship which went to rescue P H Hector Jones

Mary Eleanor Hardy (1873-1960)

Ganed Mary Eleanor Hardy ym Mheniel yn 1873 a daethpwyd â hi ar gefn ceffyl ei thad i fyw yn Teifi Hill, Llanllwni gyda chwaer ei mam, ‘Auntie Rees’ a oedd newydd golli ei g[r. A hithau’n ferch ifanc, cafodd Mary Eleanor ei mabwysiadu’n gyfreithlon gan Auntie Rees. Pan fu farw Mary Eleanor yn 1960, collwyd y chwaer nyrsio ddiwethaf i wasanaethu gyda’r Ysbyty Maes Gymreig yn Ne Affrica yn ystod Rhyfel y Boeriaid.

Cafodd Mary Eleanor ei hyfforddi yn Ysbyty Brenhinol Manceinion ac yn 1900 aeth i Dde Affrica gyda’r Ysbyty Gymreig yn oruchwilwraig theatr i’r Athro Tom Jones, Derlwyn, Alltwalis. Roedd Tom Jones yn Athro yn Ysbyty Brenhinol Manceinion ac roedd yn hen ewythr i’m tad! Pan ddiddymwyd yr Ysbyty Maes Gymreig yn dilyn colledion dybryd, ymunodd Mrs Hardy â Gwasanaeth Nyrsio Milwrol y Frenhines Alexandra gan wasanaethu mewn amryw ysbytai pebyll ar draws De Affrica.

Cafodd llawer o brofiadau diddorol ac amrywiol ac mae ei llythyrau yn dal ym meddiant y teulu. Bu’n nyrsio’r Tywysog Albert o Connaught, un o wyrion y Frenhines Fictoria, a phan ddaeth adref rhoddodd ei geffyl polo ‘Intelligence’ yn anrheg personol i‘r Chwaer Rose, sef yr enw a roddwyd i Mary Eleanor gan y cleifion dan ei gofal.

Yn 1906 dychwelodd i Brydain a gwasanaethodd yn Shorncliffe ac yn ne Iwerddon. Roedd wrth ei bodd yno gan ei bod yn dra medrus yn trin ceffyl ac yng ngwersyll Curragh roedd pob cyfle i fwynhau marchogaeth.

Yn 1909 cafodd ei symud i’r Gwasanaeth Trefedigaethol ac i’r Ysbyty Prydeinig yn Tiensin, gogledd China. Teithiodd i Tiensin ar Reiffordd Traws-Siberia ar ei phen ei hun, taith o dair wythnos yr adeg honno. Mae’r llythyron a ysgrifennodd yn y cyfnod Yn 1910 priododd Mary Eleanor â Walter Hardy yn Eglwys hwn wedi’u diogelu gan y teulu. yr Holl Saint, Tiensin a buont yn byw yn China tan iddynt ymddeol yn 1922. Wedi ymddeol buont yn byw yn Haberfield Yn China cafodd anturiaethau lu gan Hall, Eastern-in-Gordano, Gwlad yr Haf. Yn 1912 roedd Walter deithio ar sawl achlysur i gefn gwlad Hardy yn awyddus i fynd ar fordaith gyntaf y Titanic, ond mynnai talaith Hopeh i nyrsio cymunedau o fy mamgu fod modd suddo pob llong. Penderfynodd Hardy ar fwynwyr o Brydain. Bu’n lletya amryw fordaith ar long arall, llong a aeth i achub rhai o’r rheini a oedd o droeon gyda chenhadon o Gymru ar fwrdd y Titanic. ac mae ei llythyron o’r cyfnod hwn yn cyfeirio’n deimladwy Bu farw Walter Hardy yn sydyn, yn 1925 a bu ei weddw’n byw iawn at blant y brodorion yn am rai blynyddoedd yn Wimbleton cyn dychwelyd i Teifi Hill yn canu emyn donau megis 1939. Yma y treuliodd yn ddedwydd yr un mlynedd ar hugain ‘Calon Lân’. olaf o’i bywyd rhyfeddol.

23 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni David Jones (1736-1810)

Clerigwr Methodistaidd, Yn ôl llygad-dyst i bregethu David Jones: to that fair where my uncle preached was a Angel Llan-gan gentleman who lived in a country mansion ‘The church was so crowded, that to find a called Collennau, Tonyrefail. His name was seat was out of the question. All eyes were Evan Pritchard Esq. He and his wife were Ganed David Jones 10 Gorffennaf 1736 earnestly fixed upon Jones, as a messenger greatly affected that day by that sermon; and yn Aberceiliog, Llanllwni, mab Richard a come from God. I see him now … in his his wife was, as it were, captured by the king’s Gwenllian Jones. Amcan ei rieni oedd bod gown, with his fine commanding countenance, summons in that place. She forgot her station David yn dilyn ei dad ar y fferm a’i frawd and drops of perspiration, and sometimes in life, and felt that her position counted as h]n yn mynd i’r offeiriadaeth. Nid felly y the trickling tear, running down his face, nothing and held no security for her, and that bu pethau: yn ôl yr hanes syrthiodd David commending most earnestly Jesus Christ to she possessed no saving grace before God.’ i badellaid o laeth berwedig a bu ei fywyd the chief of sinners, but telling them at the yn y fantol am rai misoedd. Cymerodd same time to go and sin no more. And with Erbyn 1775 gorfododd y tyrfaoedd a ei frawd at y fferm ac aeth David i’r such reverence did he speak of the love and ddenid i Lan-gan i David Jones fynd ati offeiriadaeth. Roedd ei dadcu (tad ei fam) sufferings of Christ and how sublime was his i godi arian i godi capel ym Mhencoed yn fab i Edward Jones, ficer Llandysul a’i language. Oh, how dignified and noble was his gerllaw. Daeth Salem Pencoed yn famgu yn Iddewes gyfoethog a roddodd countenance when bathed with tears as was ganolbwynt Methodistiaeth ym Mro enedigaeth i 24 o blant! often the case with him in the pulpit.’ Morgannwg ac yno y claddwyd ei wraig gyntaf Sinah. Cafodd David Jones ei addysg yn ysgol Bob mis Awst cynhelid Ffair Geffylau ger ramadeg Caerfyrddin a’i ordeino’n Eglwys Fair y Mynydd. Parhaodd ar yr un Cafodd David Jones a Sinah dri o blant: ddiacon gan esgob Tyddewi yn 1758. Bu’n safle tan 50au’r ganrif ddiwethaf. Coffeir y Maria, Daniel a David Bowen Jones. gurad yn Nhydweiliog, Ll]n yn 1758-59; ffair gan lechen ar y safle. Priododd Maria â Richard Llewellyn o gwasanaethodd yn Llanafan-fawr, Sir Roedd y ffair yn lle garw a pheryglus a Tremains, Coety. Cawsant fab Lewellin Frycheiniog 1759-60. Ordeiniwyd ef yn nodweddid gan feddwi ac ymladd. Ond Llewellyn (1798-1878) a ddaeth yn offeiriad yn 1760 a cheir ef yn gurad byddai David Jones yn mynd yno i bregethu. brifathro Coleg Dewi Sant, Llanbedr Pont Trefddyn (Trevethin) a Caldicot, Sir Fynwy, Roedd nai David Jones yn dyst i’w bregeth Steffan a Deon Eglwys Gadeiriol Tyddewi. y flwyddyn honno. gyntaf ar y mynydd: Aeth Daniel i fusnes ym Mhen-y-bont ar Ogwr, ond ni lewyrchodd y busnes. Aeth Ymadawodd â Threfddyn a symud i It was at St Mary’s Hill - Mr Jones undertook David i’r offeiriadaeth ac wedi cyfnod blwyf gerllaw Bryste a mynd oddi yno i to preach and his text was “For the great fel curad i’w dad yn Llan-gan, daeth yn Crudwell, Wiltshire, yn 1764. Yn Crudwell day of His wrath is come. Who shall be able rheithor Cilgerran, Sir Benfro. cyflwynwyd ef i Selina, Iarlles Huntingdon, to stand?” Rev. 6:17. Great numbers were ac yn 1767 gyda’i chymorth hi cafodd converted that day and he preached there Ail wraig David Jones oedd y weddw fywoliaeth Llan-gan yn Sir Forgannwg. annually afterwards to expectant crowds gyfoethog, Mrs. Mary Bowen Parry, Bu’n gyfaill agos i Iarlles Huntingdon, un for 30 years. Amongst some who went up Manorowen, Sir Benfro. Ar ôl yr ail briodas, o bobl flaenllaw’r mudiad efengylaidd yn Lloegr, weddill ei bywyd; daeth yn un o’i chaplaniaid a phregethodd yn ei hangladd yn 1791, ac yntau erbyn hynny yn un o bregethwyr mwyaf blaenllaw’r mudiad efengylaidd. Roedd David Jones yn un o sylfaenwyr y London Missionary Society ac yn gefnogwr i’r Church Missionary Society ac i Gymdeithas y Beibl.

Ar Ddydd Calan 1771 priododd David Jones â Sinah Bowen, un o ferched Thomas a Mary Bowen, Waunifor (bu Sinah farw yn 1792 yn 60 oed).

Gwasanaethodd David Jones yn Llan-gan ac ym mhlwyf cyfagos Eglwys Fair y Mynydd (St Mary Hill), o 1767 tan ei farw yn 1810 - cyfnod o 43 o flynyddoedd. Er mai rhyw 500 oedd poblogaeth y ddau blwyf yn y cyfnod hwnnw, tyrrai miloedd i’r cymun misol yn Llan-gan i wrando arno’n pregethu ac i dderbyn cymun ganddo. 24 People from the Parish

rhannai David Jones ei amser rhwng Morgannwg a Phenfro. Disgrifiwyd ef gan un a deithiodd yn yr un cerbyd yn:

jolly companion who smoked his pipe and took his beer as if he had served in the navy’.

Ceir cofnod diddorol am laniad y Ffrancod yn ei ddyddiadur 23 Chwefror 1797:

Heard at on my way to Manorowen that the French had landed at Pen-car near and therefore traveled all that night and the next day the 24th found that there were 1200-1400 of them in the parish of Llanwnda with arms and ammunition, most of them in a camp at Trehowell farm, but being panic struck in the afternoon, they came in two divisions to Goodwick sands and surrendered to a small number of Militia and country people convened there by Lord Cawdor and others. ‘Blessed be God for this seasonal deliverance’.

Feb. 24th. Arrived at 9 a.m. in the morning. 4 p.m. Saw the French surrender. y teithiau pregethu’n parhau am ryw everybody knew him, and children plucked Cadwyd rhai o’r Ffrancod yn Eglwys chwe wythnos a phregethai dair neu his coat to share the good man’s smile...I Manorowen tan y gallwyd eu symud i bedair gwaith bob dydd. Ar un achlysur shall always remember him with a degree of garchar y sir. Cynhaliodd David Jones pregethodd 42 gwaith mewn 25 diwrnod. affection.’ wasanaeth o ddiolchgarwch yn eglwys Ceir cyfeiriad ato mewn marwnad gan Manorowen wedi i’r Ffrancod ildio ac Williams Pantycelyn i Mrs Grace Price o’r Cyhoeddodd David Jones ddau lyfryn: awgrymodd goffáu’r achlysur yn flynyddol Watford: Llythyr oddi wrth Dafydd ab Ioan y Pererin, ar draeth Wdig. at Ioan ab Gwilim (Trefeca, 1784) Yn Llan-gan o dan y pulpud. A Funeral Sermon … of the Late Countess Bu David Jones farw ym Manorowen, Roedd ei hysbryd, roedd ei thre’, Dowager of Huntingdon (Llundain, 1791). 12 Awst 1810 a’i gladdu ym mynwent yr Tra fai Dafydd yno’n chwareu eglwys. ‘N beraidd ar delynau’r ne’... Iesu’r text a Iesu’r bregeth, Roedd David Jones wedi dechrau Iesu’r ddeddf, a Iesu’r ffydd, – ymwneud â’r Methodistiaid pan oedd yn Meddai Jones, a hithau’n ateb, – Gwybodaeth Bellach/Further reading: Sir Fynwy, a daeth yn [r blaenllaw yn eu Felly mae, a felly bydd. plith ar ôl iddo ymsefydlu yn Llan-gan. • Y Bywgraffiadur Cymreig hyd 1940 Daeth Llan-gan yn gyrchfan poblogaidd Cyfeiriwyd ato’n aml fel ‘angel Llan-gan’. (1953) Anrhydeddus Gymdeithas y gan Fethodistiaid Morgannwg; heidient yno Cyfarfu Richard Fenton (1747-1821), y Cymmrodorion. wrth y cannoedd i gymuno. Achwynwyd bardd a’r awdur, ag ef am y tro cyntaf ar y • Davies, Aneirin Talfan (1976) Bro ddwywaith yn ei erbyn i esgobion Llandaf goets fawr ar daith i Sir Benfro. Cofnododd: Morgannwg Cyfrol 2, Christopher gan glerigwyr cenfigennus. Davies. ‘The other traveler in the coach turned out • Higham, R Brian (1995) Rev David Er bod David Jones yn Fethodist brwd to be one of the most eminent Methodist Jones: The Angel of Llangan [S.n.] trwy ei oes, ymlynodd yn ffyddlon wrth yr preachers in the principality...His whole • Higham, R Brian (2010) Yr Angel o Eglwys wladol. Roedd yn bregethwr melys appearance was such, as inclined me to Langan Y Cylchgrawn Efengylaidd. iawn; yn ôl William Williams. Pantycelyn think that he did not lack the good things of • Jones, Francis (2004) Historic ‘medrai doddi’r cerrig â’i ireidd-dra a this world, or forebore to make use of them, Cardiganshire Homes, Brawdy Books. gwneuthur i’r derw mwyaf caled blygu’n for a mistaken notion that they obstructed • www.pembrokeshirevirtual ystwyth fel y brwyn.’ Cyfeiria Pantycelyn his passage to the next...At Tavernspite, museum.co.uk ato fel ‘Dafydd onest o Lan-gan’. Teithiai we changed horses and alighted for a few • www.emw.org.uk/magazine/ Gymru benbaladr yn pregethu yng minutes. They crowded round the preacher 2010/12/the-angel-of-llan-gan nghyfarfodydd y Methodistiaid. Roedd as if he was an angel dropped from heaven, 25 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni David Jones (1736-1810)

Methodist cleric and ‘Angel of Llan-gan’

David Jones was born on 10 July 1736 in Aberceiliog, Llanllwni, son of Richard and Gwenllian Jones. It was intended that David would follow his father on the farm and that his older brother would enter the ministry. But that was not to be. According to local tradition, David fell into a cauldron of boiling milk and his life was in jeopardy for several months. His brother took over the farm and David entered the ministry. His maternal grandfather was the son of Edward Jones, vicar of Llandysul and his grandmother was a rich Jewess who gave birth to 24 children!

David Jones was educated at Carmarthen Grammar School and ordained deacon by the bishop of St Davids in 1758. He was curate at Tudweiliog, Ll]n 1758–59: he served at Llanafan–fawr, Breconshire 1759-60. He was ordained priest in 1760 and was curate of Trefddyn (Trevethin) and Caldicot, Monmouthshire in that year.

Leaving Trefddyn he moved to a parish near Bristol and from there to Crudwell, Wiltshire in 1764. At Crudwell he was acquainted with Selina, Countess of Huntingdon, and in 1767, with her support, he was given the living of Llan-gan in Glamorganshire. Lady Cofeb Aberceiliog yn Eglwys Llanllwni Aberceiliog memorial Huntingdon was an important figure in the evangelical movement in England, and David messenger come from God. I see him now The fair was a rough and dangerous place Jones became a close friend of hers: he … in his gown, with his fine commanding infamous for drunkeness and fighting. But became one of her chaplains and preached countenance, and drops of perspiration, David Jones would go there to preach and his at her funeral in 1791. and sometimes the trickling tear, running nephew was witness to his first sermon on down his face, commending most earnestly the mountain. On New Year’s Day 1771 David Jones Jesus Christ to the chief of sinners, but married Sinah Bowen, one of the daughters telling them at the same time to go and sin “It was at St Mary’s Hill - Mr Jones of Thomas and Mary Bowen, Waunifor, no more. And with such reverence did he undertook to preach and his text was “For Maesycrugiau (Sinah died in 1792 aged 60). speak of the love and sufferings of Christ the great day of His wrath is come. Who and how sublime was his language. Oh, how shall be able to stand?” Rev. 6:17. Great David Jones served in Llan-gan and in the dignified and noble was his countenance numbers were converted that day and neighbouring parish of St Mary Hill (Llanfair when bathed with tears as was often the he preached there annually afterwards to y Mynydd), from 1767 until his death in case with him in the pulpit.’ expectant crowds for 30 years. Amongst 1810–a period of 43 years. Although the some who went up to that fair where my total population of the two parishes at By 1775 the crowds who thronged to uncle preached was a gentleman who lived that time was only about 500, thousands Llan-gan meant that David Jones had to in a country mansion called Collennau, flocked to Llan-gan to listen to David Jones raise funds to build a chapel in nearby Tonyrefail. His name was Evan Pritchard Esq. preaching and to take communion from him. Pencoed. Salem, Pencoed became the focus He and his wife were greatly affected that for Methodism in the Vale of Glamorgan. day by that sermon; and his wife was, as it According to one eye-witness: were, captured by the king’s summons in Every August a Horse Fair was held near the that place. She forgot her station in life, and ‘The church was so crowded, that to find church at St Mary Hill. The fair continued to felt that her position counted as nothing a seat was out of the question. All eyes be held at this site until the 50’s of the last and held no security for her, and that she were earnestly fixed upon Jones, as a century and is commemorated by a plaque. possessed no saving grace before God.” 26 People from the Parish

David and Sinah had three children: Maria, the bishops of Llandaff by clerics jealous of David Jones was one of the founders of the Daniel and David Bowen Jones. Maria the fact that he attracted such a substantial London Missionary Society and a supporter married Richard Llewellyn of Tremains, following. of the Church Missionary Society and the Coety. Their son Llewellin Llewellyn Bible Society. (1798–1878) became principal of St David’s Although David Jones was a fervent College Lampeter and Dean of St David’s Methodist throughout his life, he remained He was often referred to as ‘the angel of Cathedral. within the established church. Llan-gan’. Richard Fenton (1747–1821) the poet and author, met Jones for the first time Daniel went into business in Bridgend but He was a powerful preacher; according to on a coach journey to Pembrokeshire. He was not successful. Later he entered the William Williams, Pantycelyn, ‘He could melt wrote: ministry and after a time as his father’s the stones with his mellifluence and cause curate in Llan-gan, he became rector of the strongest oak to bend as though it was ‘The other traveler in the coach turned out Cilgerrran in Pembrokeshire. the weakest reed.’ Pantycelyn refers to him to be one of the most eminent Methodist as ‘Honest David of Llan-gan’. preachers in the principality...His whole David Jones’ second marriage was to a David Jones travelled the length and breadth appearance was such, as inclined me to think wealthy widow, Mrs Mary Bowen Parry, of Wales preaching at Methodist meetings. that he did not lack the good things of this Manorowen, Pembrokeshire. After this These journeys would last for six weeks or world, or forebore to make use of them, second marriage, David Jones divided so and he would preach three or four times for a mistaken notion that they obstructed his time between Glamorgan and every day. On one occasion he preached 42 his passage to the next...At Tavernspite, Pembrokeshire. A fellow traveller once times in 25 days. There is a reference to him we changed horses and alighted for a few described him as: in an elegy by Pantycelyn to Mrs Grace Price minutes. They crowded round the preacher of Watford, Glamorgan: as if he was an angel dropped from heaven, a jolly companion who smoked his pipe and everybody knew him, and children plucked took his beer as if he had served in the navy’. In Llan-gan beside the pulpit his coat to share the good man’s smile...I There her spirit, there her heaven, shall always remember him with a degree of There is an interesting record of the While David played so sweetly affection.’ French landing in his diary on 23 On the harps of heaven February 1797: Jesus the text, Jesus the sermon. Jesus the law and Jesus the faith, Heard at Llanddarog on my way to Said Jones, and she replied Manorowen that the French had landed So it is and will always be. at Pen-car near Fishguard and therefore traveled all that night and the next day the Jones published two 24th found that there were 1200-1400 booklets: of them in the parish of Llanwnda with Llythyr oddi wrth arms and ammunition, most of them in a Dafydd ab Ioan y camp at Trehowell farm, but being panic struck Pererin, at Ioan ab in the afternoon, they came in two divisions to Gwilim (Trefeca, Goodwick sands and surrendered to a small 1784) number of Militia and country people convened A Funeral Sermon there by Lord Cawdor and others. ‘Blessed be … of the Late God for this seasonal deliverance’. Countess Dowager of Huntingdon Feb. 24th. Arrived at 9 a.m. in the morning. 4 (Llundain, 1791). p.m. Saw the French surrender.

Some of the French ‘invaders’ were kept prisoner in Manorowen Church until they could be transferred to the county jail.

David Jones held a service of thanksgiving in Manorowen church after the French surrendered and he suggested that the event should be commemorated annually on the shore at Gwdig. David Jones died at Manorowen, 12 August 1810 and is buried there in the churchyard.

David Jones first became involved with the Methodist cause during his time in Monmouthshire, and was one of their leading members after settling in Llan-gan. Twice complaints were made against him to 27 Pobl Plwyf Llanllwni Thomas Jones, Glyn, New Inn

Cenhadwr yn New Mexico

Ganed Thomas Jones, mab Rees a Martha Jones, 24 Mehefin 1860. Bu farw’r tad, 27 Gorffennaf 1873 yn 43 oed a’r fam, 12 Mehefin 1875 yn 44 oed. Ni chafodd Thomas fawr o addysg gynnar a bu’n gwasanaethu ar amryw ffermydd lleol. Cafodd swydd clerc yn swyddfa’r Great Western Railway yng Nghaerfyrddin. Aeth oddi yno i Landysul cyn dychwelyd drachefn i Gaerfyrddin a symud yn fuan wedyn i’r brif swyddfa yn Llundain. Yno cafodd lwyddiant mawr ac achub ar y cyfle i gael addysg ffurfiol. Penodwyd ef i swydd gorsaf-feistr yn ne America ond torrodd ei iechyd a dychwelodd adref. Wedi adfer ei iechyd aeth yn ei ôl i Lundain, cael swydd ysgrifennydd gyda’r llywodraeth ac ymfudo i Ganada gan barhau â’i ddyletswyddau yno ar ran y llywodraeth. Arhosodd am gyfnod yng Nghanada cyn symud i New Mexico yn genhadwr. Bu yno am ryw dair blynedd a marw yn Santa Fe yn 31 oed ar 20 Mai 1891.

Mae Thomas Jones wedi ei gladdu yn Alberquerque, New Mexico, ond fe’i coffeir ar garreg fedd ei rieni a’i ddwy chwaer, Mary a Sarah, ym mynwent Eglwys Llanllwni. Roedd ganddo frawd, yn ogystal, Evan Jones, New Inn.

Gwybodaeth bellach/Further information • Ysgrif Goffa/Obituary Carmarthen Journal 12.07.1891. Thomas Jones, Glyn, New Inn

Missionary in New He moved to Llandysul but returned to be employed by the government. Following Carmarthen and was soon employed at the a period in Canada he went as a missionary Mexico company head office in London. He was to New Mexico. He was in New Mexico for successful in the workplace and secured a period of three years and died in Santa Fe Thomas Jones, son of Rees and Martha Jones, a formal education for himself. He was aged 31 on 20 May 1891. was born on 24 June 1860. His father died 27 appointed to the post of station-master in July 1873 aged 43 and his mother on 12 June south America but ill health forced him to Thomas Jones was buried in Alberquerque, 1875, aged 44. Thomas received little formal return home. After a period of recuperation New Mexico, but is commemorated on the education and worked on several farms in he returned to London and secured a gravestone of his parents and two sisters in the area. He found a position as clerk with secretarial position in a government office. Llanllwni Church cemetery. His brother, Evan the Great Western Railway in Carmarthen. He emigrated to Canada but continued to Jones, lived in New Inn

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