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APTI415 Instructors Guide AIR POLLUTION TRAINING INSTITUTE COURSE 415: CONTROL OF GASEOUS EMISSIONS STUDENT GUIDE United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Air and Radiation Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 April 2012 Table of Contents APTI 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions — Student Guide ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The content of this course was originally developed with the contributions of Dr. James A. Jahnke and Dave Beachler, who authored the first edition of Control of Particulate Emissions in 1981 under contract to Northrop Services Inc. (EPA 450/2-80-068). In 1995, the second edition of this text was published, authored by Dr. John R. Richards, P.E., under contract to North Carolina State University (funded by EPA grant). This content was updated in 2012 to include EPA-approved content, resources, and diagrams. Notations and source information are provided for these materials. Acknowledgements Page ii APTI 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions — Student Guide NOTICE This is not an official policy and standards document. The opinions are those of the author and not necessarily those of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Every attempt has been made to represent the present state of the art, as well as subject areas still under evaluation. Any mention of products or organizations does not constitute endorsement by the EPA. AVAILABILITY This document is issued by the Innovative Programs and Outreach Group, Outreach and Information Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS). It was developed for use in training courses presented by the U.S. EPA’s Air Pollution Training Institute (APTI) and others receiving contractual or grant support from the Institute. Other organizations are welcome to use this document. This document is available, free of charge, to schools or governmental air pollution control agencies intending to conduct training courses. To obtain a copy of this document, submit a written request to APTI, EPA, Mail Code C304-05, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Others may obtain copies, for a fee, from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5825 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161. Acknowledgements Page iii APTI 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions — Student Guide TABLE OF CONTENTS Course Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 1-1 Chapter 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 1-2 1.0 Introduction to Gaseous Emissions ............................................................................................ 1-2 1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-2 1.2 Introduction to Gaseous Pollutants ...................................................................................... 1-2 1.3 Emission Rates and Sources of Gaseous Pollutants ............................................................ 1-12 1.4 Pollution Control ............................................................................................................... 1-16 1.5 Summary........................................................................................................................... 1-21 1.6 Review Exercises .............................................................................................................. 1-22 1.7 Review Exercises: Solutions .............................................................................................. 1-24 1.8 References ........................................................................................................................ 1-25 Chapter 2 ............................................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.0 Control Techniques For Gaseous Contaminants ....................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 2-1 2.2 Gas Stream Characteristics .................................................................................................. 2-1 2.3 Gaseous Contaminant Control Techniques........................................................................... 2-8 2.4 Summary........................................................................................................................... 2-18 2.5 Review Exercises .............................................................................................................. 2-19 2.6 Review Exercises: Solutions .............................................................................................. 2-21 2.7 References ........................................................................................................................ 2-23 Chapter 3 ............................................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.0 Air Pollution Control Systems .................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Flowcharts .......................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Hoods ............................................................................................................................... 3-16 3.4 Fans .................................................................................................................................. 3-29 3.5 Summary........................................................................................................................... 3-47 3.6 Review Exercises .............................................................................................................. 3-48 3.7 Review Exercises: Solutions .............................................................................................. 3-52 3.8 References ........................................................................................................................ 3-60 Chapter 4 ............................................................................................................................................ 4-1 4.0 Adsorption .................................................................................................................................. 4-1 Table of Contents Page iv APTI 415: Control of Gaseous Emissions — Student Guide 4.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2 Types and Components of Adsorption Systems ................................................................... 4-2 4.3 Operating Principles .......................................................................................................... 4-15 4.4 Adsorption System Performance........................................................................................ 4-22 4.5 Performance Monitoring.................................................................................................... 4-35 4.6 Summary........................................................................................................................... 4-41 4.7 Review Exercises .............................................................................................................. 4-42 4.8 Review Exercises: Solutions .............................................................................................. 4-47 4.9 References ........................................................................................................................ 4-53 Chapter 5 ............................................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.0 Absorption .................................................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 5-1 5.2 Types and Components of Absorbers................................................................................... 5-2 5.3 Operating Principles .......................................................................................................... 5-19 5.4 Capability and Sizing ........................................................................................................ 5-23 5.5 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................. 5-52 5.6 Summary........................................................................................................................... 5-58 5.7 Review Exercises .............................................................................................................. 5-59 5.8 Review Exercises: Solutions .............................................................................................. 5-63 5.9 References ........................................................................................................................ 5-68 Chapter 6 ...........................................................................................................................................
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