Operational Modelling Guidelines Version No. 2.0 Issue Date January 2021 Operational Modelling Guidelines - Version 2.0 Contents Foreword ..................................................................................................................................... XV Acknowledgements ..................................................................................................................... XVI Definitions .................................................................................................................................. XVII 1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Document Structure ........................................................................................ 2 1.2 Background ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Purpose .......................................................................................................... 3 2 Traffic Operational Modelling Overview ...................................................... 4 2.1 Purpose .......................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Operational Model ........................................................................................... 4 2.3 Modelling Process ........................................................................................... 5 2.4 Appropriate Use of Traffic Modelling and Model Expertise .............................. 7 2.5 Main Roads Supported Traffic Modelling Software .......................................... 8 2.6 Use of Main Roads’ Traffic Models .................................................................. 9 2.7 Desktop Network Familiarisation ..................................................................... 9 2.7.1 Main Roads’ Traffic Data ............................................................................... 10 2.8 Study Area Selection ..................................................................................... 10 2.9 Modelling Periods.......................................................................................... 11 2.10 Data Collection and Analysis ......................................................................... 11 2.10.1 Data Accuracy ............................................................................................... 11 2.10.2 Site Observations .......................................................................................... 12 2.10.2.1 Typical Traffic Conditions ............................................................................ 12 2.10.2.2 Stop Line and Non-Blocking Storage .......................................................... 13 2.10.2.3 Lane Utilisation ........................................................................................... 13 2.10.2.4 Exit Blocking / Underutilised Green Time .................................................... 13 2.10.2.5 Degree of Saturation ................................................................................... 14 2.10.3 Saturation Flow ............................................................................................. 14 2.10.4 Cruise Time ................................................................................................... 15 2.10.5 Travel Time ................................................................................................... 15 2.10.6 Queue Length ............................................................................................... 16 2.10.7 Existing Traffic Counts .................................................................................. 17 2.10.7.1 Time Period and Duration ........................................................................... 17 2.10.7.2 Un-met Traffic Demand ............................................................................... 17 2.10.7.3 Site Survey Classification ........................................................................... 18 2.10.7.4 Vehicle Detection Stations .......................................................................... 18 2.10.7.5 Network Traffic Surveys .............................................................................. 19 Page I Operational Modelling Guidelines - Version 2.0 2.10.7.6 Heavy Vehicles ........................................................................................... 19 2.10.8 Future Traffic: Growth Factor Techniques ..................................................... 20 2.10.8.1 Historical Growth ........................................................................................ 20 2.10.8.2 Strategic Model Growth .............................................................................. 20 2.10.9 Traffic Demand Estimation from Strategic Model........................................... 22 2.10.9.1 Trip Balancing ............................................................................................. 22 2.10.9.2 Matrix Furnessing ....................................................................................... 23 2.10.9.3 Static Adjustment ........................................................................................ 23 2.10.9.4 Departure Adjustment ................................................................................. 23 2.10.9.5 Manual Adjustment ..................................................................................... 24 2.10.10 Public Transport ............................................................................................ 24 2.10.10.1 Coding in the Traffic Model ......................................................................... 24 2.10.10.2 Public Transport Demand ........................................................................... 25 2.10.10.3 Public Transport Behaviour ......................................................................... 25 2.10.10.4 Dwell Time .................................................................................................. 26 2.10.10.5 Traffic Signals with Public Transport Priority ............................................... 26 2.10.11 Pedestrians ................................................................................................... 26 2.10.11.1 Modelling Pedestrian Crossings .................................................................. 26 2.10.12 Signal Data ................................................................................................... 28 2.10.12.1 SCATS Timings .......................................................................................... 29 2.10.12.2 Phasing and Sequences ............................................................................. 30 2.10.12.3 Demand Dependency ................................................................................. 31 2.10.12.4 Fixed Time/VA/SCATSIM ........................................................................... 31 2.11 Intergreen Calculations ................................................................................. 32 2.12 Calibration and Validation ............................................................................. 33 2.12.1 Model Calibration .......................................................................................... 33 2.12.1.1 Basic Network Coding ................................................................................. 34 2.12.1.2 Vehicle Speeds ........................................................................................... 34 2.12.1.3 Priority Intersections ................................................................................... 36 2.12.1.4 Blocking ...................................................................................................... 36 2.12.1.5 Turning Lanes ............................................................................................. 37 2.12.1.6 Signalised Intersections .............................................................................. 37 2.12.1.7 Saturation Flow at Signalised Stop Lines .................................................... 38 2.12.1.8 Lane Utilisation ........................................................................................... 39 2.12.1.9 Public Transport .......................................................................................... 40 2.12.1.10 Demand Calibration .................................................................................... 40 2.12.1.11 Route Choices ............................................................................................ 41 2.12.1.12 Behavioural Parameters ............................................................................. 41 Page II Operational Modelling Guidelines - Version 2.0 2.12.1.13 Calibration Guidelines for Main Roads Supported Software ........................ 42 2.12.2 Model Validation ........................................................................................... 43 2.12.2.1 Model Categories for Validation .................................................................. 43 2.12.2.2 Validation Statistics ..................................................................................... 44 2.13 Operational Modelling of Roundabouts ......................................................... 45 2.13.1 Estimating the Critical Gap Parameters ......................................................... 45 2.13.1.1 Single lane entry ........................................................................................