Hampshire Days Hampshire D a Ys
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THIS EDITION IS LIMITED TO COPIES FOR SALE IN ENGLAND, IOO FOR SALE IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, AND 35 PRESENTATION COPIES THE COLLECTED WORKS V W. H. HUDSON IN TWENTY-FOUR VOLUMES HAMPSHIRE DAYS HAMPSHIRE D A YS BY W. H. HUDSON MCMXXIII LONDON y TORONTO J. M. DENT & SONS LTD. NEW YORK: E. P. DUTTON G? CO. All rights ríserved PRINTBD IN CREAT BRITAIN INSCRIBED TO SIR EDWARD AND LADY GREY NORTHUMBRIANS WITH HAMPSHIRE WRITTEN IN THEIR HEARTS CONTENTS PAGE Chapter I. ....... i Autumn in the New Forest—Red colour in mammals— November mildness—A house by the Boldre—An ideal spot for small birds—Abundance of nests—Small mammals and the weasel’s part—Voles and mice— Homet and bank-vole—Young shrews—A squirrel’s visit—Green woodpecker's drumming-tree—Drumming of other species—Beauty of great spotted woodpecker— The cuckoo controversy—A cuckoo in a robin’s nest — Behaviour of the cuckoo — Extreme imtability— Manner of ejecting eggs and birds from the nest—Loss of imtability—Insensibility of the parent robins— Discourse on mistaken kindness, pain and death in nature, the annual destruction of bird life, and the young cuckoo's instinct. Chapter II. ........ 29 Between the Boldre and the Exe—Abuse of the New Forest —Character of the population—New Forest code and conscience—A radical change foreshadowed—Tenacity of the Forest fly—Oak woods of Beaulieu—Swallow and pike—Charm of Beaulieu—Instinctive love of open spaces—A fragrant heath—Nightjars—Snipe—Red- shanks—Pewits—Cause of sympathy with animáis— Grasshopper and spider — A rapacious fly — Melan- choly moods—Evening on the heath—“ World-strange- ness”—Pixie mounds—Death and burial—The dead in the barrows—Their fear of the living. Chapter III. ........ 53 A favourite New Forest haunt—Summertide—Young black- bird’s cali—Abundance of blackbirds and thrushes, and destruction of young—Starlings breeding—The good done by starlings—Perfume of the honeysuckle— Beauty of the hedge rose—Cult of the rose—Lesser ix CONTENTS whitethroat—His low song—Common and lesser white- throat—In the woods—A sheet of bracken—Effect of broken surfaces—Román mosaics at Silchester—Why mosaics give pleasure—Woodland birds—Sound of insect life—Abundance of flies—Sufíerings of cattle— Dark Water—Biting and teasing flies—Feeding the fishes and fiddlers with flies. Chapter IV..................................................................69 The stag-beetle—Evening flight—Appearance on the wing— Seeking a mate—Stag and doe in a hedge—The plough- man and the beetle—A stag-beetle’s fate—Conceming tenacity of life—Life appearances after death—A serpent’s skin—A dead glow-worm’s light—Little summer tragedies—A snaky spot—An adder's basking- place—Watching adders—The adder’s senses—Adder’s habits not well known—A pair of anxious pewits— A dead young pewit—Animáis without knowledge of death—Removal of the dead by ants—Gould’s observations on ants. Chapter V..................................................................89 Cessation of song—Oak woods less silent than others— Mixed gatherings of birds in oak woods—Abundance of caterpillars—Rapacious insects—Wood ants—Alarm cries of woodland birds—Weasel and small birds— Fascination—Weasel and short-tailed volé—Account of Egyptian cats fascinated by fire—Rabbits and stoats—Mystery of fascination—Cases of pre-natal suggestion—Hampshire pigs fascinated by fire—Con- jectures as to the origin of fascination—A dead squirrel —A squirrel’s fatal leap—Fleas large and small—Shrew and fleas—Fleas in woods—The squirrel’s disposition— Food-hiding habit in animáis—Memory in squirrels and dogs—The lower kind of mernory. Chapter VI. .no Insects in Britain—Meadow ants—The indoor view of insect life — Insects in visible nature — The humming-bird hawk-moth and the parson lepidopterist — Rarity of death’s-head moth—Hawk-moth and meadow-pipit— CONTENTS xí PAGE Silver-washed fritillaries on bracken—Flight of the white admira! butterfly — Dragon-flies — Want of English ñames—A water-keeper on dragon-flies— Moses Harris—Why moths have English ñames— Origin of the dragon-fly’s bad reputation—Cordulegaster annulatus—Calopteryx virgo—Dragon-flies congregated — Glow-worm— Firefly and glow-worm compared— Variability in light—The insect’s attitude when shining —Supposed use of the light—Homets—A long-remem- bered sting—The homet local in England—A splendid insect—Insects on ivy blossoms in autumn. Chapter VII. -133 Great and greatest among insects—Our feeling for insect music—Crickets and grasshoppers—Cicada anglica— Locusta viridissima—Character of its music—Colony of green grasshoppers — Harewood Forest — Purple emperor—Grasshoppers’ musical contests—The natur- alist mocked—Female viridissima—Over-elaboration in the male—Habits of female—Wooing of the male by the female. Chapter VIII. ....... 153 Hampshire, north and south—A spot abounding in life— Lyndhurst—A white spider—Wooing spider’s antics— A New Forest little boy—Blonde gipsies—The boy and the spider—A distant world of spiders—Selborne and its visitors—Selborne revisited—An owl at Alton— A wagtail at the Wakes—The cockerel and the martin— Heat at Selborne—House crickets—Gilbert White on crickets—A colony of field crickets—Water plants— Musk mallow—Cirl buntings at Selborne—Evening gatherings of swifts at Selborne—Locustidae—Tham- notrizon cinereus — English ñames wanted — Black grasshopper’s habits and disposition—Its abundance at Selborne. Chapter IX. ........ 181 The Selborne atmosphere—Unhealthy faces—Selborne Common—Character of scenery—Wheatham Hill— Hampshire village churches—Gilbert White’s strictures CONTENTS whitethroat—His low song—Common and lesser white- throat—In the woods—A sheet of bracken—Effect of broken surfaces—Román mosaics at Silchester—Why mosaics give pleasure—Woodland birds—Sound of insect life—Abundance of flies—Sufferings of cattle— Dark Water—Biting and teasing flies—Feeding the fishes and fiddlers with flies. Chapter IV..................................................................69 The stag-beetle—Evening flight—Appearance on the wing— Seeking a mate—Stag and doe in a hedge—The plough- man and the beetle—A stag-beetle’s fate—Conceming tenacity of life—Life appearances after death—A serpent's skin—A dead glow-worm’s light—Little summer tragedies—A snaky spot—An adder’s basking- place—Watching adders—The adder’s senses—Adder’s habits not well known—A pair of anxious pewits— A dead young pewit—Animáis without knowledge of death—Removal of the dead by ants—Gould’s observations on ants. Chapter V. ........ 89 Cessation of song—Oak woods less silent than others— Mixed gatherings of birds in oak woods—Abundance of caterpillars—Rapacious insects—Wood ants—Alarm cries of woodland birds—Weasel and small birds— Fascination—Weasel and short-tailed volé—Account of Egyptian cats fascinated by fire—Rabbits and stoats—Mystery of fascination—Cases of pre-natal suggestion—Hampshire pigs fascinated by fire—Con- jectures as to the origin of fascination—A dead squirrel —A squirrel's fatal leap—Fleas large and small—Shrew and fleas—Fleas in woods—The squirrel’s disposition— Food-hiding habit in animáis—Memory in squirrels and dogs—The lower kind of mernory. Chapter VI. .....................................110 Insects in Britain—Meadow ants—The indoor view of insect life — Insects in visible nature — The humming-bird hawk-moth and the parson lepidopterist — Rarity of death’s-head moth—Hawk-moth and meadow-pipit— CONTENTS xi PAGE Silver-washed fritillaries on bracken—Flight of the white admira! butterfly — Dragon-flies — Want of English ñames—A water-keeper on dragon-flies— Moses Harris—Why moths have English ñames— Origin of the dragon-fly’s bad reputation—Cordulegaster annulatus—Calopteryx virgo—Dragon-flies congregated — Glow-worm— Firefly and glow-worm compared— Variability in light—The insect’s attitude when shining —Supposed use of the light—Homets—A long-remem- bered sting—The homet local in England—A splendid insect—Insects on ivy blossoms in autumn. Chapter VII. -133 Great and greatest among insects—Our feeling for insect music—Crickets and grasshoppers—Cicada anglica— Locusta viridissima—Character of its music—Colony of green grasshoppers — Harewood Forest — Purple emperor—Grasshoppers* musical contests—The natur- alist mocked—Female viridissima—Over-elaboration in the male—Habits of female—Wooing of the male by the female. Chapter VIII. ....... 153 Hampshire, north and south—A spot abounding in life— Lyndhurst—A white spider—Wooing spider’s antics— A New Forest little boy—Blonde gipsies—The boy and the spider—A distant world of spiders—Selborne and its visitors—Selborne revisited—An owl at Alton— A wagtail at the Wakes—The cockerel and the martin— Heat at Selborne—House crickets—Gilbert White on crickets—A colony of field crickets—Water plants— Musk mallow—Cirl buntings at Selborne—Evening gatherings of swifts at Selborne—Locustidae—Tham- notrizon cinereus — English ñames wanted — Black grasshopper’s habits and disposition—Its abundance at Selborne. Chapter IX. ........ 181 The Selborne atmosphere—Unhealthy faces—Selborne Common—Character of scenery—Wheatham Hill— Hampshire village churches—Gilbert White’s strictures xii CONTENTS PAGE —Churches big and little—The peasants’ religious feeling—Charm of oíd village churches—Seeking Priors Dean — Privett church — Blackmoor church —Churchyards — Change in gravestones — Beauty of oíd gravestones — Red alga on gravestones — Yew trees in churchyards—British dragon-tree—Farring- don village and yew—Crowhurst yew—Hurstboume Priors yew—How yew trees are injured. Chapter X.