And Solar-Driven Fuel Synthesis with First Row Transition Metal Complexes † † Kristian E
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Chelation Effect of 2,4-Pentadione with Ni(II) and Cu(II) Ions
Chemistry Research Journal, 2021, 6(2):48-57 Available online www.chemrj.org ISSN: 2455-8990 Research Article CODEN(USA): CRJHA5 Chelation Effect of 2,4-Pentadione with Ni(II) and Cu(II) Ions Terhemba, S. Iningev ⃰ , Aondoaver, J. Gbertyo Department of Chemistry, Benue State University, PMB 102119 Makurdi, Nigeria *Corresponding Author: [email protected] Abstract Synthesis of inorganic compounds with medical application is the aspect this work set to contribute. Ni(II) and Cu(II) chelates of2,4-pentadione (acetylacetone) were obtained from the reaction of hydrated divalent metal chloride salts with acetylacetone in aqueous ammonical medium. The complexes were prepared in order to examine the effect of chelation of 2,4-pentadione with metal ions, and antimicrobial activity on some pathogens. The compounds were characterised by infrared spectrophotometry. The absorption bands of the carbonyl group after coordination with Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions were lowered to1605 cm-1 and 1575cm-1, respectively. The spectral results suggest that there is a reduction in bond order of C=O after chelation, the consequence of resonance effect. The compounds were subjected to antimicrobial activity using Mueller Hinton agar and Sabouraud dextrose agar. Minimum Inhibition Concentration and Minimum Bacteria/Fungi Concentration were determined using serial broth dilution method. Ni(II) complex had shown significant antimicrobial activity on two fungi. Cu(II) complex on the other hand had shown wide biological activity on the tested microbes exception of P. milibilis. The metal chelates demonstrated better activities against the tested pathogens than the free ligand due to increase in permeability of the metal chelates through the microbe’s cell. -
FULL PAPER (CF3)3Au As a Highly Acidic Organogold(III) Fragment
FULL PAPER (CF3)3Au as a Highly Acidic Organogold(III) Fragment Alberto Pérez-Bitrián,[a] Miguel Baya,[a] José M. Casas,[a] Larry R. Falvello,[b] Antonio Martín,[a] and Babil Menjón*[a] Dedicated to Professor Juan Forniés on the occasion of his 70th birthday Abstract: The Lewis acidity of perfluorinated trimethylgold, (CF3)3Au, was soon realized that fluorination of the organic group R has been assessed by theoretical and experimental methods. It has resulted in enhancement of the Lewis acidity in the F [9–11] been found that the (CF3)3Au unit is much more acidic than its non- corresponding R 3B derivatives. In fact, the most widely fluorinated homologue (CH3)3Au, probably setting the upper limit in used borane is by far (C6F5)3B, which exhibits a considerable [12] the acidity scale for any neutral R3Au organogold(III) species. The Lewis acidity. The perfluoromethyl-derivative (CF3)3B would significant acidity increase upon fluorination is in line with the CF3 be expected to exhibit even stronger Lewis acidity. Although this group being in fact more electron-widthdrawing than CH3. The compound has not yet been isolated as such, its derivatives [13] solvate (CF3)3Au·OEt2 (1) is presented as a convenient synthon of (CF3)3B·L and, especially the singular carbonyl compound [14] the unsaturated, 14-electron species (CF3)3Au. Thus, the weakly (CF3)3BCO, evidence a greatly enhanced acidity of the [15,16] coordinated ether molecule in 1 is readily replaced by a variety of (CF3)3B moiety. neutral ligands affording a wide range of (CF3)3AuL compounds, The trifluoromethyl group, CF3, exhibits properties departing which have been isolated and conveniently characterized. -
Tungsten Alkyl Alkylidyne and Bis(Alkylidene) Complexes. Their Unusual Inter-Conversion and Reactions with Phosphines, Dioxygen and Water
University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2005 Tungsten Alkyl Alkylidyne and Bis(Alkylidene) Complexes. Their Unusual Inter-Conversion and Reactions with Phosphines, Dioxygen and Water Laurel Anne Morton University of Tennessee - Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Morton, Laurel Anne, "Tungsten Alkyl Alkylidyne and Bis(Alkylidene) Complexes. Their Unusual Inter- Conversion and Reactions with Phosphines, Dioxygen and Water. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2005. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/2258 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Laurel Anne Morton entitled "Tungsten Alkyl Alkylidyne and Bis(Alkylidene) Complexes. Their Unusual Inter-Conversion and Reactions with Phosphines, Dioxygen and Water." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in Chemistry. Ziling (Ben) Xue, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Craig E. Barnes, Charles D. Feigerle, X. Peter Zhang, John R. Collier Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Laurel Anne Morton entitled "Tungsten Alkyl Alkylidyne and Bis(Alkylidene) Complexes. -
Organogold Chemistry: I Structure and Synthesis
Organogold Chemistry: I Structure and Synthesis R V Parish Department a/Chemistry, UMIST, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK Organogold chemistry is enjoying a resurgence of interest as useful applications, largely physical or medicinal, are being found. There is also a wide range of novel molecules, some with curious structures. This article reviews the structures and syntheses of recently discovered gold compounds. A later article will describe their reactions and applications. Organogold derivatives have been known for almost example, reference 2), and deals with the preparation, 100 years. Many fascinating compounds and reactions structures, properties and applications of some of the have been discovered but, until recently, they have more interesting organogold systems; the examples found little practical application. However, the last ten given are drawn principally from those reported during to fifteen years have seen the development of new the last ten years (a more comprehensive treatment is materials with potential applications in non-linear found in reference 3). The intention is to exemplify optics, conjugated linear polymers (potential molecular rather than to be comprehensive, and no mention at all wires), liquid crystals, chemical vapour deposition and is made of cluster compounds. Complexes in which anti-tumour agents (see Box 1). On the other hand, in carbonyl, cyano, or isonitrile ligands provide the only marked contrast to the neighbouring noble metals, Au-C bonds are also ignored. For convenience, the compounds of gold have been very little used in review is divided into two parts: this part deals with homogeneous catalysis (but see reference 1). This the wide variety of organic ligands now available and review attempts to update previous treatments (see, for the structure and synthesis of the gold compounds derived from them; the second part treats the reactions and applications of these compounds. -
LANTHANIDE CHELATES of FLUORINATED A-Oiketones
LANTHANIDE CHELATES OF FLUORINATED a-oIKETONES A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science in candidacy for the degree of Master of Science by Andrew McPherson Hamer, BSc (Melb. J Supervisor: Professor Stanley E. Livingstone School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales ~.arch 1984 To my parents It is hereby declared that this thesis has not been submitted, in part or in full, to any other University or Institution for any degree whatsoever. (Andrew M. Hamer) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. ABSTRACT V ACK..~OWLEDGEMENTS vi INTRODUCTION 1 PART ONE PREPARATION OF THE LANTHANIDE CHELATES I. Preparation of Fluorinated B-Diketone Ligands 4 II. Preparation and Analyses of Lanthanide Chelates 7 III. Determination of Associated Waters 8 IV. Experimental 15 PART TWO CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DIAQUOTRIS(4,4,4-TRIFLUORO l-(3'-METHYLPHENYL)-l,3-BUTANEDIONATO)ERBIUM(III) HYDRATE I. Background •.• 18 II. Experimental 21 III. Results and Discussion 25 IV. Programs Used 35 PART THREE VISIBLE SPECTRA OF THE LANTHANIDE CHELATES I. Background ... 37 II. Results and Discussion 39 III. Experimental 69 ,... , , PART FOUR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF THE LANTHANIDE CHELATES Page No. I. Background 70 II. Results and Discussion 72 III. Experimental ••• 95 PART FIVE MASS SPECTRA OF THE LANTHANIDE CHELATES I. Background 105 II. Results and Discussion 110 III. Experimental ••. 136 APPENDIX A. Detailed Magnetic Data .•• 137 APPENDIX B. Detailed Mass Spectra 143 APPENDIX C. Atomic Positions and Thermal Parameters of Crystal Structure .. 160 PUBLICATIONS .•• 162 GLOSSARY. Conventions of Mass Spectrometric Notation 163 ABBREVIATIONS 164 REFERENCES 165 iv ABSTRACT Seventy lanthanide complexes of S-diketones have been prepared under carefully controlled conditions. -
Artificial Models of Iron Hydrogenases for Their Potential Use in The
International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 7, Issue 12, December 2017 262 ISSN 2250-3153 Artificial models of iron hydrogenases for their potential use in the generation of molecular hydrogen: a mini- review María de la Luz Pérez-Arredondo*, Ricardo González-Barbosa**, Juan Antonio Ramírez-Vázquez**, ** Jóse J. N. Segoviano-Garfias * Student of Master degree, División de Ciencias de la Vida. Universidad de Guanajuato. Campus Irapuato-Salamanca. Irapuato, Gto. México ** Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales. División de Ciencias de la Vida. Universidad de Guanajuato. Campus Irapuato-Salamanca. Irapuato, Gto. México Abstract- The mimicking of natural processes and the development of alternative methods to obtain clean fuels such as H2, have been of great interest in recent years. In nature, the hydrogenase enzymes at some bacteria and algae are responsible of the fermentation and biophotolysis processes. This class of enzymes performs the reduction of hydronium ions to molecular hydrogen. Due to the composition of its active site, the hydrogenase enzymes are classified as: [Fe-Ni], [Fe-Fe] and [Fe] -hydrogenases. The study of its active centers has allowed inspiring model compounds that promote the advance in the development of efficient catalysts for the generation of hydrogen. In this review, we present some complexes that have been studied as models to imitate the active centers of the hydrogenases. Also, we analyze some electronic properties that they present. The most commonly used methods to mimic hydrogenases are structural, spectral or functional. Some of the common metals for this purpose are iron, nickel or cobalt, among others. In order to obtain an accurate model of a hydrogenase enzyme, several properties of the metals and ligands used for the generation of a metallic complex should be considered. -
Cerium Tetrakis(Tropolonate) and Cerium Tetrakis(Acetylacetonate) Are Not Diamagnetic but Temperature-Independent Paramagnets
UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Cerium Tetrakis(tropolonate) and Cerium Tetrakis(acetylacetonate) Are Not Diamagnetic but Temperature-Independent Paramagnets. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3tx9c6sw Journal Inorganic chemistry, 57(12) ISSN 0020-1669 Authors Halbach, Robert L Nocton, Grégory Booth, Corwin H et al. Publication Date 2018-06-04 DOI 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00928 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Article Cite This: Inorg. Chem. 2018, 57, 7290−7298 pubs.acs.org/IC Cerium Tetrakis(tropolonate) and Cerium Tetrakis(acetylacetonate) Are Not Diamagnetic but Temperature-Independent Paramagnets † † ‡ § ‡ ∥ Robert L. Halbach, Gregorý Nocton,*, , , Corwin H. Booth, Laurent Maron, † ‡ and Richard A. Andersen*, , † Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States ‡ Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States § LCM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, UniversitéParis Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France ∥ LPCNO, UMR 5215, CNRS, INSA, UPS, Universitéde Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France *S Supporting Information ABSTRACT: A new synthesis of cerium tetrakis(tropolonate), Ce(trop)4, where trop is deprotonated 2-hydroxy-2,4,6-cyclo- heptatrienone) or Ce(O2C7H5)4, is developed that results in dark- purple crystals whose X-ray crystal structure shows that the geometry of the eight-coordinate compound closely resembles a D2d dodecahedron, based on shape parameters. The magnetic susceptibility as a function of the temperature (4−300 K) shows that it is a temperature-independent paramagnet, χ = 1.2(3) × −4 10 emu/mol, and the LIII-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectrum shows that the molecule is multiconfigura- tional, comprised of a f1:f0 configuration mixture in a 50:50 ratio. -
Organogold Chemistry: Iiiapplications
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Organogold Chemistry: IIIApplications R V Parish Department of Chemistry, UMIST, PO Box 88, Manchester M60 1QD, UK Gold forms a wide variety of organic derivatives, whose preparation, structures and reactions were reviewed in Parts I and II. Here some applications of the compounds are discussed, in the areas of organic synthesis, catalysis, liquid crystals, MOCVD, luminescence, and chemotherapy. Previous articles in this series have reviewed the diverse types of known organogold compounds (1) and the varied reactions which they undergo (2). Compared to those of other precious metals, compounds of gold feature in rather few applications, although interest has increased over recent years. In this contribution, these applications are reviewed, together with some suggestions for further developments. ORGANIC SYNTHESIS Some organogold compounds undergo reactions which give organic products which are useful or which cannot readily be obtained in other ways. For example, di-arylgold(III) compounds undergo reductive Box 1 Formation of biaryls, Ar-Ar’ elimination stimulated by addition of a tertiary phosphine, to give symmetric or unsymmetric diaryls (3). One of the aryl groups must have a substituent which also binds to the gold atom, in order to stabilize the di-aryl compound. A variety of other substituents may be present in either aryl. Some examples are shown in Box 1. Aryl- substituted ketones may be obtained similarly (4). The formation of homoallyl alcohols from aldehyde-insertion into the gold-carbon bonds of allyl, methallyl or crotyl complexes (5) is also useful, although isomerization sometimes means that the product is not that immediately expected (Box 2). -
Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Coordination and Organometallic Compounds
17 Microwave-assisted Synthesis of Coordination and Organometallic Compounds Oxana V. Kharissova, Boris I. Kharisov and Ubaldo Ortiz Méndez Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, México 1. Introduction Microwave irradiation (MW) as a “non-conventional reaction condition” (Giguere, 1989) has been applied in various areas of chemistry and technology to produce or destroy diverse materials and chemical compounds, as well as to accelerate chemical processes. The advantages of its use are the following (Roussy & Pearce, 1995): 1. Rapid heating is frequently achieved, 2. Energy is accumulated within a material without surface limits, 3. Economy of energy due to the absence of a necessity to heat environment, 4. Electromagnetic heating does not produce pollution, 5. There is no a direct contact between the energy source and the material, 6. Suitability of heating and possibility to be automated. 7. Enhanced yields, substantial elimination of reaction solvents, and facilitation of purification relative to conventional synthesis techniques. 8. This method is appropriate for green chemistry and energy-saving processes. The substances or materials have different capacity to be heated by microwave irradiation, which depends on the substance nature and its temperature. Generally, chemical reactions are accelerated in microwave fields, as well as those by ultrasonic treatment, although the nature of these two techniques is completely distinct. Microwave heating (MWH) is widely used to prepare various refractory inorganic compounds and materials -
Reconstitution of [Fe]-Hydrogenase Using Model Complexes
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Infoscience - École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne Reconstitution of [Fe]-hydrogenase using model complexes Seigo Shima1,2,*, Dafa Chen3, Tao Xu4, Matthew D. Wodrich4,5, Takashi Fujishiro1, Katherine M. Schultz4, Jörg Kahnt1, Kenichi Ataka6 & Xile Hu4,* 1Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, 35043 Marburg, Germany. 2PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 332-0012 Saitama, Japan. 3School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 150001 Harbin, China. 4Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Catalysis, Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. 5Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. 6Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany. 1 Abstract. [Fe]-Hydrogenase catalyzes the reversible hydrogenation of a methenyl- tetrahydromethanopterin substrate, which is an intermediate step during methanogenesis from CO2 and H2. The active site contains an iron-guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor, in which Fe2+ is coordinated by two CO ligands, as well as an acyl carbon atom and a pyridinyl nitrogen atom from a 3,4,5,6-substituted 2-pyridinol ligand. However, the mechanism of H2 activation by [Fe]-hydrogenase is unclear. Here, we report reconstitution of [Fe]-hydrogenase from an apoenzyme using two FeGP cofactor mimics to create semi-synthetic enzymes. The small molecule mimics reproduce the ligand environment of the active site, but are inactive towards H2 binding and activation on their own. We show that reconstituting the enzyme using a mimic containing a 2-hydroxy pyridine group restores activity, whilst an analogous experiment with a 2-methoxy-pyridine complex was essentially inactive. -
The Development of a Diiron Hydrogenase Mimic Catalyst for Efficient Dihydrogen Production
University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Master's Theses and Capstones Student Scholarship Spring 2017 THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIIRON HYDROGENASE MIMIC CATALYST FOR EFFICIENT DIHYDROGEN PRODUCTION David S. Danico University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis Recommended Citation Danico, David S., "THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIIRON HYDROGENASE MIMIC CATALYST FOR EFFICIENT DIHYDROGEN PRODUCTION" (2017). Master's Theses and Capstones. 1112. https://scholars.unh.edu/thesis/1112 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses and Capstones by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIIRON HYDROGENASE MIMIC CATALYST FOR EFFICIENT DIHYDROGEN PRODUCTION By David Scott Danico B.S., Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 2012 Thesis Submitted to the University of New Hampshire In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Science In Chemistry May, 2017 This thesis has been examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Chemistry by: Thesis Director, Samuel Pazicni, Associate Professor of Chemistry Christine Caputo, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Sterling Tomellini, Professor of Chemistry On April 14, 2017 Original approval signatures are on file with the University of New Hampshire Graduate School. Dedication To my parents, Scott and Susan, who have given me all their love, support, and encouragement throughout my academic career. -
Gold Coordination During Homogeneous Alkyne and Allene Cyclisation Catalysis: Coordination to Substrates, to Ancillary Ligands and in Intermediates
Page 1 of 13 Review Article Gold coordination during homogeneous alkyne and allene cyclisation catalysis: Coordination to substrates, to ancillary ligands and in intermediates Authors: The ever-increasing role of homogeneous gold catalysis in organic synthesis and the consequent Helgard G. Raubenheimer1 Hubert Schmidbaur2 need to be able to rationally control the rate and outcome of such reactions has emphasised the importance of each successive metal–carbon coordination step. Concentrating on alkyne Affiliations: and allene cyclisation and upon reaction mechanisms postulated on the basis of empirical and 1 Department of Chemistry theoretical results, we have examined the coordination of gold fragments to triple bonds, the and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, modification of gold(I) precatalysts to effect specific reaction pathways or enantioselectivity South Africa and the isolation of coordinated intermediates or model compounds thereof. Some of the recent advances that have been made in various laboratories are described in this compact 2 Department Chemie, review. Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany Introduction Correspondence to: Helgard Raubenheimer The observation by W.C. Zeise in 1827 that ethylene forms a complex with a low-valent platinum salt was the key discovery that not only led to the development of one of the most important email: branches of organometallic chemistry, but also had an enormous economic impact through its [email protected] relevance to catalysis of organic transformations. Although less well known to the public, and Postal address: even to many of the scientific community, the catalysis of reactions of unsaturated hydrocarbons, Private Bag X1, Matieland in particular of acetylene, by mercury salts was practised widely after the 1890s and was of great 7602, South Africa industrial significance.