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Coconut Oil and Palm Kernel Oil

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Coconut Oil and Palm Kernel Oil Coconut Oil and Palm kernel Oil U. R. Sahasranamam (U.R.S) Coconut and Palm kernel oils • Applications of nuts • Application of crude oil • Application of refined oils • Qualities issues with CNO and PKO • Production and price trends • Oil Extraction methods • Fractionation methods • Lauric specialty fats Coconut palm Oil Palm Applications of Nuts Applications Coconut Palm Kernel Oriental food Desiccated Coconut Coconut Milk Spray dried powder Oil Extraction Activated Carbon Applications of Nuts - continued Applications Coconut Palm Kernel Offering in Hindu temples to invoke gods blessing – India, Malaysia, Singapore etc Applications of Crude Oil Applications Coconut Palm Kernel Frying Oil -Oriental food – Cochin grade Hair oil Sun tan Oil Oleo chemicals Fractionation Refined oil Applications of Refined Oil Applications Coconut Palm Kernel Edible oil for - Frying Sun tan Oil/Hair Oil Spl fat fractionation Oleo Chemicals Ice-cream Industry Hydrogenation Industrial applications – Oleo Chemicals Applications Coconut Palm Kernel C- 8 / C-10 feed stock – MCT feed stock Oleic Acid –Feed stock Applications of Fractions and Hydrogenated Oils and Fractions Applications Coconut Palm Kernel Hydrogenated Fat Non diary creamer, Ice- Coating fat for cream confectionary Non Hyd -Stearin Center filling Trans free non Hydro fraction Coating fat Non Hyd –Olein Ice-cream coating fraction Hyd- Stearin fraction Cocoa butter substitute Hyd Olein Fraction Creaming fat , wafer center fat Quality and other issues of Crude oils Issues Coconut Palm Kernel High color High FFA High PAH – Due to smoke drying (poly aromatic hydrocarbons) High SAFA Price Volatility –( Prone to storm damage) Growth Stagnation Year wise production of CNO,PK Oil in Million MT ( source - Oil world) 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 PK OIL 2 CNO 1.5 1 0.5 0 92/93 98/99 00/01 '02/03 '04/05 '06/07 Price trend 1999 - 2007 - Coconut Oil Vs. Palm Kernel O 900 CNO Cif, USD/MT 9 800 8 700 7 600 6 500 5 400 4 300 3 800 PKO Cif, USD/MT 8 700 7 600 6 500 5 400 4 300 3 150 1 CNO/PKO Cif Rott Spread, USD/MT 125 1 100 1 75 50 25 Normal Premium 0 -25 - 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 20 Processing of Nuts Processing type Coconut Palm Kernel Full Pressing Very Common Very Common – Yield 44.5 to 45% Pre pressing followed Very Common – Crude oil Not practiced due to high by solvent extraction color and FFA high hexane loss Direct extraction Not Common Practiced by 2 to 3 companies in the world – Yield 48 - 48.5% Caustic refining Some times especially for Generally not practiced due high Colored oil to cut the to high refining loss color Physical refining Common- RF 1.5% due to Common – RF 1.35% high short chain acids Solid fat Profile – Cocoa butter Vs Milk fat ) 80 COCOA BUTTER % ( MILK FAT 60 40 20 Solid Fat Content Content Fat Solid 0 10 20 30 40 Temperature (C) Fractionation – methods for PKO • Static cooling in stationary trays and hydraulic pressing – High Labor cost • Cooling in moving trays and hydraulic pressing – High Labor costs • Cooling in moving trays and HP membrane pressing – Low labor costs – Increased capital cost • Cooling in membrane press type enclosures and HP pressing – min labor cost but high capital cost • Cooling in High pressure press cavity followed by HP pressing in the same press – Very high capital cost Quality General Specific Safety Identity Application Sensory +Contaminants +FFA +Refraction +Melting curve Microbiology +Peroxyde value Pesticides +Iodine value +Solidification curve Insecticides +Rancimat Heavy metals +Chromatography +Pilot tests PAH +Taste +Processes +Shelf life Typical quality for Palm Oil, Palm Kernel Oil and Coconut Oil PALM KERNEL COCONUT Palm Oil OIL OIL Saturated Fatty Acids (SAFA) 50 80 91 Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) 40 17 8 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) 10 3 1 Trans Fatty Acids (TFA) <1 <1 <1 Typical quality for Palm kernel oil and coconut oil - Fatty Acid Composition (%) 60 PALM KERNEL OIL COCONUT OIL 50 40 30 20 10 0 C6:0 C8:0 C10:0 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0 Typical quality for Palm oil, palm kernel oil and coconut oil - Fatty Acid Composition (%) 60 PALM OIL PALM KERNEL OIL COCONUT OIL 50 40 30 20 10 0 C6:0 C8:0 C10:0 C12:0 C14:0 C16:0 C18:0 C18:1 C18:2 C18:3 C20:0 Palm Kernel Oil and its fractions PALM PALM KERNEL PALM KERNEL KERNEL OIL OLEIN STEARIN o Slip Melting Point ( C) 27.5 23.5 32 Solid Fat Content (%) o 10 C 71.3 55.5 94 o 20 C 42.4 15.5 85.2 o 25 C 16.0 0.4 70.5 o 30 C 0.5 0 32.5 o 35 C 00 0 o 40 C 00 0 Solid Fat Content Profile of Hydrogenated Lauric oils Solid Fat Content (%) 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Temperature 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0 OC Fully Hydrogenated 95.2 93.4 88.1 67.5 35.9 14.0 5.6 Palm Kernel Oil Fully Hydrogenated 97.0 96.8 96.5 89.0 47.0 3.0 0.0 Palm Kernel Stearin Fully Hydrogenated 95.0 90.2 80.5 60.5 37.5 21.2 0 Palm Kernel Olein Fully Hydrogenated 91.2 81.0 60.9 19.0 5.8 2.0 0.0 Coconut Oil Solid Fat Content Profile of hydrogenated Palm Kernel Stearin comparing with Cocoa Butter and Milk Fat 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 Solid Fat Content (%) 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 Temperature 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 (OC) Hydrogenated Palm Kernel Stearin 97.0 96.8 96.5 89.0 47.0 3.0 0.0 Cocoa Butter 88.4 86.5 81.5 70.6 46.4 2.2 0.0 MILK FAT 47.8 24.0 16.0 7.4 2.3 0.0 0.0 Palm Gift from mother nature to the human kind Relatively new crop Marketing Strategy by the nature ?? Take one free one ( two different type oils packed into one) Thank You.
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