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19 New National Historic Landmarks Considered for Designation Landmarks Committee Names New Members Congress Directs NHL Survey

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19 New National Historic Landmarks Considered for Designation Landmarks Committee Names New Members Congress Directs NHL Survey NetworkT^ ^T NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS ^M VOLUME II, No. 2 NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARKS PROGRAM WINTER, 1999 19 New National Historic Landmarks Considered for Designation By Patty Henry he Landmarks Committee Tmet on Monday, December 13, 1999 to discuss and recom­ mend 19 properties for NHL designation, one property for an NHL boundary change, and one property for withdrawal of designation. The Committee's recommenda­ tions were reported to the full Vdvisory Board at their meeting on December 14 and 15. The full Advisory Board then sent their recommendations forward to the Secretary of the Interior. A deci­ sion on these properties is pending Located in Greenwich Village, New York City, the Stonewall Inn was the focal point of a with the Secretary. series of disturbances during 1969 that led to the modern gay and lesbian civil rights movement. Photo courtesy Andrew Dolkart, 1999. The Landmarks Committee of the National Park System Advis­ ory Board reviewed and consid­ Landmarks Committee Congress Directs ered the following 16 properties Names New Members NHL Survey to Launch for a Committee report to the full Advisory Board for the Board's By Patty Henry School Desegregation recommendation to the Secretary Theme Study of the Interior for designation as he Landmarks Committee National Historic Landmarks. Tof the National Park By Turkiya Lowe and System Advisory Board is Susan Salvatore • Shenandoah-Dives responsible for reviewing the (Mayflower) Mill, San Juan documentation on properties n May 17, 1954, the U.S. County, Colorado. An innovative that have been proposed for OSupreme Court ruled in process known as flotation National Historic Landmark Brown v. Board of Education diverted the late 19th-century designation. of Topeka that "separate but crisis in the mining industry by equal" had no place in public Those properties that they efficiently and economically education and was unconstitu­ believe meet the NHL criteria are concentrating complex minerals recommended to the full NPS tional under the Fourteenth that were practically impossible Advisory Board for the Board's Amendment. to treat by earlier methods. SEE PROPERTIES, PAGE 5, COLUMN 1 SEE MEMBERS, PAGE 8, COLUMN 3 SEE SCHOOL THEME, PAGE 9, COLUMN 2 New book on NHLs, see page 3. THE NHL SURVEY Finding America's Treasures: The Role of the National Historic Landmarks Network National Historic Landmarks Survey Published by the National Park Service By John Sprinkle Robert Stanton nyone can prepare a National Historic Landmark Director A nomination. The job of the National Historic Katherine H. Stevenson Landmarks Survey, in partnership with other NPS offices, Associate Director, Cultural Resource Stewardship and Partnerships is to foster the nomination of nationally significant places and Ronald M. Greenberg shepherd them through the designation process. Manager, National Center for Cultural To assist the public in preparing nominations, we have Resources Stewardship recently published a National Register Bulletin, How to and Partnership Programs Prepare National Historic Landmark Nominations. Currently de Teel Patterson Tiller 2,277 places bear the distinction of being a National Historic Chief, Heritage Preservation Services Landmark. Frank J.J. Miele, Editor One way the Survey identifies new NHLs is through Senior Historian, Southeast Regional Office "theme studies." Currently, theme studies on themes like Sharon C. Park, FAIA Earliest Americans, American Labor History, and the History Chief, Technical Preservation Services of Educational Desegregation in Public Schools are underway. Susan Escherich The Survey continues to process nominations based upon Coordinator, National Historic previously completed theme studies, such as one on Under­ Landmarks Assistance Initiative ground Railroad resources. Paula Cook NHL designation includes extensive public review. Twice NHL Network Coordinator yearly, the National Park System Advisory Board reviews rec­ Jerry Buckbinder ommendations of its Landmarks Committee, a volunteer Production Manager group of experts in history, architectural history, and historic National Historic hwdmarks Network preservation, regarding NHL nominations. Based on these is published biauuuallv and is tree ef'eharpe. recommendations, the Secretary of the Interior designates [/•Iters and articles may be submitted to prank -I..1. Miele. Editor, NHL Network. NPS Southeast about 25 properties each year. Regional (Hike. Atlanta Pederal Center. 1921 Public involvement also means outreach. John Wiley and Building. 100 Alabama Street. SW. Atlanta. (leorgia 30303. Phone 404.562.3173. Sons, Inc., published National Landmarks, America's E-mail: [email protected] Treasures, the National Park Foundation's Complete Guide to Mission of the National Park Service National Historic Landmarks. Written by S. Allen Chambers, Tin National Tail: .Sen tee is dedicated to Jr., with a foreword by Hillary Rodham Clinton, this compre­ conserving unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the National Park System hensive guide describes the role of each of these very special for the enjoyment, education and inspiration places in American history. of this and future venerations, tin .Sett tie is also responsible for managing a great i ariety Working to recognize nationally significant historic places, of national and in ternational programs designed to help extend the benefits of natural the National Historic Landmarks Survey is a proud member and cultural resource conservation and outdoor of the NHL Program. recreation throughout this country and the world This issue of NHL Network covers recent work of the HPS National Historic Landmark Survey. Heritage Preservation Services John H. Sprinkle. Jr.. Ph.D.. is the Supervisory Historian with the National Historic U.S. Department of the Interior Landmarks Survey, National Park Service. National Park Service Cultural Resources 2 RECENT BOOK RELEASE From the National Park Foundation and John Wiley and Sons, Inc.— Discover the Places That Make America Great! National Landmarks, America's Treasures Now Available xplore the National Park EFoundation's definitive guide to America's National Historic Landmarks—the ultimate catalog of the nation's treasures. Written by Allen S. Chambers, Jr., with a foreword by Hillary Rodham Clinton, this guide covers all 50 states, captur­ ing the American experience through famous icons such as the Brooklyn Bridge, and Cape Hatteras lighthouse, Lincoln's boyhood home, and more than 2,200 other nationally significant places. Based on information con­ tained in National Park Service nomination files, the guide is organized by state and county, describes each National Historic Landmark, and includes 385 illustra­ tions. For more information about this comprehensive guide to National Historic Landmarks, contact John Wiley & Sons, Inc., at 800.225.5945, or by e-mail <[email protected]>. 3 NEWS FROM THE NHL SURVEY Friends of Friendless Nicholson House, will be submitted level of architectural integrity, for consideration to the National enhances the significance of the Landmarks: Vernacular Park System Advisory Board, the property. Architecture in the body that recommends NHL desig­ Building traditions of the early National Historic nation to the Secretary of the United States can be divided into Interior. The NHL nomination four distinct regions and associated Landmarks Survey makes the dual case for national sig­ styles—New England, Southern, nificance and a high degree of Tidewater, and the Mid-Atlantic. By Michelle St. Clair integrity. The Abel and Mary Nicholson House has the potential of filling ernacular structures desig­ The 1722 Abel and Mary this early construction period gap nated as National Historic Nicholson House is a remarkably V for the Mid-Atlantic region by repre­ Landmarks exemplify some vari­ intact example of patterned-end senting a building style—patterned ation of vernacular architecture brick architecture featuring a diaper brickwork—that in the Mid-Atlantic that is nationally significant and pattern and date in vitrified brick, region, specifically New Jersey, maintains a high degree of integrity. reflecting a highstyle version of a "reached a higher state of elabora­ Vernacular NHLs are excellent common Mid-Atlantic building tra­ tion and acceptance than anywhere examples of the more common and dition. When constructed, the origi­ else in America." It is the regional basic forms of architecture. Some nal block of the house appeared significance of the Fairbanks House. say that vernacular architecture is much as it does today. Originally Bacon's Castle, Drayton Hall, and most significant because it reflects accessed from the Alloway Creek, now the Abel and Mary Nicholson everyday life for common people. the structure today is reached down a half-mile dirt lane through a cul­ House, that makes these properties The study of vernacular architec­ turally intact landscape of farm nationally significant. The Abel and ture is often limited by the fact fields, wetlands, and forest. In 1859, Mary Nicholson House joins this that the largest and most substan­ a frame kitchen was replaced by a group of nationally significant ver­ tial buildings generally are the longitudinally placed two-and-a-half nacular buildings as it reflects an ones that survive, whereas the story, brick addition. early building tradition of the Mid- truly ordinary structures, usually Atlantic region. less substantial, often vanish. The main two-and-a-half story, Because vernacular
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