DOCSLIB.ORG

Brushless DC Motor Primer

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Brushless DC Motor Primer Brushless DC Motor Primer By Muhammad Mubeen [email protected] Last Revision: July, 2012 1 Foreword This primer on brushless DC motors has been written for the benefit of senior management executives of OEM companies in whose products, the electric motor is a major cost and feature component. The focus of this primer is permanent magnet brushless DC motors (BLDC), sometimes referred to as ECM (Electronically Commutated Motors). The material has been written from the stand point of top management. It has technical depth but is really meant to be used as a tool for senior management to get a quick and broad overview of the technology and the underlying pros and cons. It is my intent that the material presented will quickly make the reader well versed with the technology and give him or her a deep understanding of major impact of BLDC technology on their own competitiveness. Most important of all, the material is designed to point out ways in which the technology can be harnessed to advantage. Conversely, the material also points out the perils of ignoring these profound changes in the motor technology landscape. Muhammad Mubeen Radford, VA July, 2012 2 Overview of the Electric Motor Business in North America According to some estimates, the overall consumption of electric motors of all types in North America will be $18 Billion by 2007 up from $14 Billion in 2002 with an annual growth rate of 5%. The breakdown of this overall picture of consumption by motor technology looks as follows for 20071. 2007 Electric Motor Consumption in North America Total $18B All Other, $1.4, 8% AC Induction, $5.0, 28% BLDC, $4.1, 23% Brush DC, $7.4, 41% The consumption of electric motors is heavily influenced by the automotive industry and consumer applications. A majority of electric motors used are brush type DC motor, followed by AC induction motors and brushless DC (BLDC) motors. All other category of motors include, AC/DC motors called “Universal” motors used in appliances and stepper motors, used in low end position control applications. With this broad picture presented above, it is now relevant to look at the details, differences and applications of the various motor technologies. 1 Source: MTT NA Market Model. www.motioninfo.com 3 Motor Technology General Principle of All Electric Motors: All electric motors have a common principle in that they function as converters of electrical energy to magnetism to mechanical rotating motion. The underlying way in which this conversion takes place is fundamentally the same in all types of electric motors. The differences lie in the details of the manner in which magnetism (magnetic field) is generated to get rotational force or “torque”. Underlying Basics of All Types of Electric Motors Electrical Magnetic Mechanical Energy Energy Energy (rotating force: torque) From fundamentals, we know that bar magnets have invisible lines of force around them and flow from the North Pole to the South Pole. 4 The concept of magnetic attraction and repulsion When magnets are brought close to each other, they generate a force of attraction (with adjacent unlike poles) or repulsion (with adjacent like poles). The generation of the mechanical force is fundamental to the way in which all electric motors operate. It can be intuitively seen that to get greater electromagnetic force, the following notions are true: - Larger magnet area will result in a larger electromagnetic force. - More powerful magnets will result in a larger electromagnetic force - If the magnets are brought closer together (reduced air gap), the electromagnetic force can be increased. As an extension to the fundamental notion that like poles attract and unlike poles repel, we can look at an “electromagnet” generated by the flow of current through an electrical conductor. So, in place of a permanent magnet pole, we now have a electromagnetic pole. In the following picture, imagine the current is flowing in a conductor through the paper. Magnetic lines of force are generated around the conductor as shown. The Concept of a magnetic field generated by a flow of current in a wire. 5 The Concept of an Electromagnet….. current flowing through “N” number of turns of wire N S So, we have a conversion of electrical energy to magnetic energy… the force of attraction or repulsion between magnetic poles. Now, if we introduce the concept of a rotor (moving magnetic poles) and a stator (stationary magnetic poles) we can see how rotating movement may be generated. If there are just two poles one north and one south, there will be attraction between the two and they will line up. The force with which they will line up will depend on the current flowing through and the number of turns if they are electromagnets or the strength and the size of the magnets, if they are permanent magnets. If one of these poles is somehow moved to an adjacent spot, the other magnet will follow. If it is moved again, its mate will follow again and a rotating motion will be achieved by this “rotating field”. The rotating force will depend on the strength of the magnets, the air gap and the length of the fulcrum – the torque arm. The Concept of Rotating Field 6 Before getting into the differences in the various types of motors based on how the rotating field is generated, we now introduce the concept of torque, which is a very important concept in the study of electric motors and common to all types of motors. After all, the purpose of an electric motor (any type of electric motor) is to generate torque (or rotating force). By definition, torque is the rotating force x the distance at which the force is being applied. So, intuitively we can see that in order to get greater torque, we need to either increase the force (stronger magnets, more current) and increase the distance at which this force is being applied (physically larger magnets) The Concept of Torque T (lb-in) = F (lbs) x R (in) F R T (lb-inches) = Force (lbs) x Distance (inches) Or in the metric system: T (Newton-Meters) = Force (Newtons) x Distance (meters) 7 The next important concept in the study of electric motors is the concept of “Power”. In a rotating device such as an electric motor, Power has two elements: the rotating force (torque) and the speed at which this power is being applied. The product of torque and speed is the power in watts. This is the same concept electrically, where the power is the product of Volts x Current. The Concept of Power Power = Speed x Torque Watts = Speed (Radians/sec) x Torque (Newton-meters) 746 Watts = 1 Horse Power Electrical Power = Volts x Current (amps) = Watts To finish the discussion, we now introduce the concept of efficiency. Efficiency is not only important from the stand point of how much electricity is consumed but also, everything else being equal, a higher efficiency motor will generally require lesser amount of materials to produce a given amount of power. This of course has implications on the overall cost of the motor. There are nuances relative to real power versus imaginary (not in phase) power, but the following box illustrates the general concept of efficiency. The Concept of Efficiency Power output Po Power input Pi Losses Po-Pi Efficiency Power Output (Po)_ % = Speed x Torque Power Input (Pi) Volts x Amps 8 One other important concept in the study of motors, before we get into the different types of electric motors is the concept of the speed torque curve or speed-torque chart. Any type of electric motor produces rotating force (torque) at a given speed. Intuitively, as the torque is increased (for example when the motor is loaded down such as with a brake), the speed will decrease. The overall power output remains the same less of course any loss in efficiency, but the product of the speed and torque (the power) remains the same. A useful concept to describe the performance of a motor is the speed-torque curve. This is a fundamental way in which the performance of any motor is characterized. Here is an example of a speed torque curve. The concept of a speed-torque curve… Speed is commonly called out in RPM (or Radians per second) and the torque in lb-inches (or Newton-meters). As the voltage is increased, the speed-torque envelope moves upwards. 9 CHAPTER 2: DIFFERENT TYPES OF ELECTRIC MOTORS Induction AC Motors Earlier we introduced the concept that all electric motors shared the common underlying principle which converts electrical energy to magnetic energy to rotating mechanical energy. We also introduced the concept of a rotor and stator and the rotating field which results in rotational movement. The different types of motors result from the various clever ways in which the rotor and stators are constructed and the manner in which the rotating field (which is essential to rotating movement) is generated. In an induction motor, the rotor is the inner part and the stator is the external part. The AC electrical current is fed into the stator. As the sine wave of the AC electrical current goes up and down, it creates a rotating field. The rotor consists of a series of bars which are welded together at either end. The current is “induced” in the rotor from the electrical field in the stator. This current circulates in the bars of the rotor and the magnetic field generated by it reacts with the stators field. As the magnetic field in the stator rotates, the rotor follows and rotating force (torque) is generated.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lyall Cooper Dr. Dann ASR – D Block 10 May 2012 the Mighty Railgun I. Abstract the Idea of This Project Is to Build a Railgun
    Lyall Cooper Dr. Dann ASR – D Block 10 May 2012 The Mighty Railgun (All Bark no Bite) I. Abstract The idea of this project is to build a railgun capable of firing a small metal projectile at substantial velocity. The original plan was to build iterative prototypes capable of firing small projectiles, and using them to figure out the ideal design for the final version, but the smaller versions were not very successful due to their relative lack of power, so it was difficult to use them to learn what to do. The final, largest scale railgun is powered by a bank of capacitors with an equivalent capacitance of 24.6mF charged to around 350V. This produces 3013.5J of energy discharged over approximately 58.75 µs (it varies for each firing), drawing a peak of about 1425A when firing a projectile (it once again varies) and about 1600A when not firing a projectile (short circuiting the rails). The railgun is capable of consistently firing a small piece of metal (usually aluminum or copper); however the projectile does not usually travel very far, although this is hard to measure due to the nature of the gun and the speed at which the firing takes place. II. Introduction Electricity is often seemingly mysterious, but we have come to accept and understand how through the interaction of electric and magnetic fields we can create a simple motor, as we did in the first semester. A railgun is just a linear electric motor, at very high speeds. What makes it different, however, is that it uses neither magnets nor coils of wire, and relies entirely on the induced magnetic field in the rails due to the extremely large current to produce a Lorentz Force to propel the projectile (which will be discussed in greater depth in the theory section).
    [Show full text]
  • High Speed Linear Induction Motor Efficiency Optimization
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2005-06 High speed linear induction motor efficiency optimization Johnson, Andrew P. (Andrew Peter) http://hdl.handle.net/10945/11052 High Speed Linear Induction Motor Efficiency Optimization by Andrew P. Johnson B.S. Electrical Engineering SUNY Buffalo, 1994 Submitted to the Department of Ocean Engineering and the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Naval Engineer and Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology June 2005 ©Andrew P. Johnson, all rights reserved. MIT hereby grants the U.S. Government permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of A uthor ................ ............................... D.epartment of Ocean Engineering May 7, 2005 Certified by. ..... ........James .... ... ....... ... L. Kirtley, Jr. Professor of Electrical Engineering // Thesis Supervisor Certified by......................•........... ...... ........................S•:• Timothy J. McCoy ssoci t Professor of Naval Construction and Engineering Thesis Reader Accepted by ................................................. Michael S. Triantafyllou /,--...- Chai -ommittee on Graduate Students - Depa fnO' cean Engineering Accepted by . .......... .... .....-............ .............. Arthur C. Smith Chairman, Committee on Graduate Students DISTRIBUTION
    [Show full text]
  • An Introductory Electric Motors and Generators Experiment for a Sophomore Level Circuits Course
    AC 2008-310: AN INTRODUCTORY ELECTRIC MOTORS AND GENERATORS EXPERIMENT FOR A SOPHOMORE-LEVEL CIRCUITS COURSE Thomas Schubert, University of San Diego Thomas F. Schubert, Jr. received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of California, Irvine, Irvine CA in 1968, 1969 and 1972 respectively. He is currently a Professor of electrical engineering at the University of San Diego, San Diego, CA and came there as a founding member of the engineering faculty in 1987. He previously served on the electrical engineering faculty at the University of Portland, Portland OR and Portland State University, Portland OR and on the engineering staff at Hughes Aircraft Company, Los Angeles, CA. Prof. Schubert is a member of IEEE and ASEE and is a registered professional engineer in Oregon. He currently serves as the faculty advisor for the Kappa Eta chapter of Eta Kappa Nu at the University of San Diego. Frank Jacobitz, University of San Diego Frank G. Jacobitz was born in Göttingen, Germany in 1968. He received his Diploma in physics from the Georg-August Universität, Göttingen, Germany in 1993, as well as M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA in 1995 and 1998, respectively. He is currently an Associate Professor of mechanical engineering at the University of San Diego, San Diego, CA since 2003. From 1998 to 2003, he was an Assistant Professor of mechanical engineering at the University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA. He has also been a visitor with the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique at the Université de Provence (Aix-Marseille I), France.
    [Show full text]
  • An Engineering Guide to Soft Starters
    An Engineering Guide to Soft Starters Contents 1 Introduction 1.1 General 1.2 Benefits of soft starters 1.3 Typical Applications 1.4 Different motor starting methods 1.5 What is the minimum start current with a soft starter? 1.6 Are all three phase soft starters the same? 2 Soft Start and Soft Stop Methods 2.1 Soft Start Methods 2.2 Stop Methods 2.3 Jog 3 Choosing Soft Starters 3.1 Three step process 3.2 Step 1 - Starter selection 3.3 Step 2 - Application selection 3.4 Step 3 - Starter sizing 3.5 AC53a Utilisation Code 3.6 AC53b Utilisation Code 3.7 Typical Motor FLCs 4 Applying Soft Starters/System Design 4.1 Do I need to use a main contactor? 4.2 What are bypass contactors? 4.3 What is an inside delta connection? 4.4 How do I replace a star/delta starter with a soft starter? 4.5 How do I use power factor correction with soft starters? 4.6 How do I ensure Type 1 circuit protection? 4.7 How do I ensure Type 2 circuit protection? 4.8 How do I select cable when installing a soft starter? 4.9 What is the maximum length of cable run between a soft starter and the motor? 4.10 How do two-speed motors work and can I use a soft starter to control them? 4.11 Can one soft starter control multiple motors separately for sequential starting? 4.12 Can one soft starter control multiple motors for parallel starting? 4.13 Can slip-ring motors be started with a soft starter? 4.14 Can soft starters reverse the motor direction? 4.15 What is the minimum start current with a soft starter? 4.16 Can soft starters control an already rotating motor (flying load)? 4.17 Brake 4.18 What is soft braking and how is it used? 5 Digistart Soft Starter Selection 5.1 Three step process 5.2 Starter selection 5.3 Application selection 5.4 Starter sizing 1.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (19) 11 4,343,223 Hawke Et Al
    United States Patent (19) 11 4,343,223 Hawke et al. 45) Aug. 10, 1982 54 MULTIPLESTAGE RAILGUN UCRL-52778, (7/6/79). Hawke. 75 Inventors: Ronald S. Hawke, Livermore; UCRL-82296, (10/2/79) Hawke et al. Jonathan K. Scudder, Pleasanton; Accel. Macropart, & Hypervel. EM Accelerator, Bar Kristian Aaland, Livermore, all of ber (3/72) Australian National Univ., Canberra ACT Calif. pp. 71,90–93. LA-8000-G (8/79) pp. 128, 135-137, 140, 144, 145 73) Assignee: The United States of America as (Marshall pp. 156-161 (Muller et al). represented by the United States Department of Energy, Washington, Primary Examiner-Sal Cangialosi D.C. Attorney, Agent, or Firm-L. E. Carnahan; Roger S. Gaither; Richard G. Besha . - (21) Appl. No.: 153,365 57 ABSTRACT 22 Filed: May 23, 1980 A multiple stage magnetic railgun accelerator (10) for 51) Int. Cl........................... F41F1/00; F41F 1/02; accelerating a projectile (15) by movement of a plasma F41F 7/00 arc (13) along the rails (11,12). The railgun (10) is di 52 U.S. Cl. ....................................... ... 89/8; 376/100; vided into a plurality of successive rail stages (10a-n) - 124/3 which are sequentially energized by separate energy 58) Field of Search .................... 89/8; 124/3; 310/12; sources (14a-n) as the projectile (15) moves through the 73/12; 376/100 bore (17) of the railgun (10). Propagation of energy from an energized rail stage back towards the breech 56) References Cited end (29) of the railgun (10) can be prevented by connec U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS tion of the energy sources (14a-n) to the rails (11,12) 2,783,684 3/1957 Yoler ...r.
    [Show full text]
  • Permanent Magnet DC Motors Catalog
    Catalog DC05EN Permanent Magnet DC Motors Drives DirectPower Series DA-Series DirectPower Plus Series SC-Series PRO Series www.electrocraft.com www.electrocraft.com For over 60 years, ElectroCraft has been helping engineers translate innovative ideas into reality – one reliable motor at a time. As a global specialist in custom motor and motion technology, we provide the engineering capabilities and worldwide resources you need to succeed. This guide has been developed as a quick reference tool for ElectroCraft products. It is not intended to replace technical documentation or proper use of standards and codes in installation of product. Because of the variety of uses for the products described in this publication, those responsible for the application and use of this product must satisfy themselves that all necessary steps have been taken to ensure that each application and use meets all performance and safety requirements, including all applicable laws, regulations, codes and standards. Reproduction of the contents of this copyrighted publication, in whole or in part without written permission of ElectroCraft is prohibited. Designed by stilbruch · www.stilbruch.me ElectroCraft DirectPower™, DirectPower™ Plus, DA-Series, SC-Series & PRO Series Drives 2 Table of Contents Typical Applications . 3 Which PMDC Motor . 5 PMDC Drive Product Matrix . .6 DirectPower Series . 7 DP20 . 7 DP25 . 9 DP DP30 . 11 DirectPower Plus Series . 13 DPP240 . 13 DPP640 . 15 DPP DPP680 . 17 DPP700 . 19 DPP720 . 21 DA-Series. 23 DA43 . 23 DA DA47 . 25 SC-Series . .27 SCA-L . .27 SCA-S . .29 SC SCA-SS . 31 PRO Series . 33 PRO-A04V36 . 35 PRO-A08V48 . 37 PRO PRO-A10V80 .
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetism Known to the Early Chinese in 12Th Century, and In
    Magnetism Known to the early Chinese in 12th century, and in some detail by ancient Greeks who observed that certain stones “lodestones” attracted pieces of iron. Lodestones were found in the coastal area of “Magnesia” in Thessaly at the beginning of the modern era. The name of magnetism derives from magnesia. William Gilbert, physician to Elizabeth 1, made magnets by rubbing Fe against lodestones and was first to recognize the Earth was a large magnet and that lodestones always pointed north-south. Hence the use of magnetic compasses. Book “De Magnete” 1600. The English word "electricity" was first used in 1646 by Sir Thomas Browne, derived from Gilbert's 1600 New Latin electricus, meaning "like amber". Gilbert demonstrates a “lodestone” compass to ER 1. Painting by Auckland Hunt. John Mitchell (1750) found that like electric forces magnetic forces decrease with separation (conformed by Coulomb). Link between electricity and magnetism discovered by Hans Christian Oersted (1820) who noted a wire carrying an electric current affected a magnetic compass. Conformed by Andre Marie Ampere who shoes electric currents were source of magnetic phenomena. Force fields emanating from a bar magnet, showing Nth and Sth poles (credit: Justscience 2017) Showing magnetic force fields with Fe filings (Wikipedia.org.) Earth’s magnetic field (protects from damaging charged particles emanating from sun. (Credit: livescience.com) Magnetic field around wire carrying a current (stackexchnage.com) Right hand rule gives the right sign of the force (stackexchnage.com) Magnetic field generated by a solenoid (miniphyiscs.com) Van Allen radiation belts. Energetic charged particles travel along B lines Electric currents (moving charges) generate magnetic fields but can magnetic fields generate electric currents.
    [Show full text]
  • Electric Motors
    SPECIFICATION GUIDE ELECTRIC MOTORS Motors | Automation | Energy | Transmission & Distribution | Coatings www.weg.net Specification of Electric Motors WEG, which began in 1961 as a small factory of electric motors, has become a leading global supplier of electronic products for different segments. The search for excellence has resulted in the diversification of the business, adding to the electric motors products which provide from power generation to more efficient means of use. This diversification has been a solid foundation for the growth of the company which, for offering more complete solutions, currently serves its customers in a dedicated manner. Even after more than 50 years of history and continued growth, electric motors remain one of WEG’s main products. Aligned with the market, WEG develops its portfolio of products always thinking about the special features of each application. In order to provide the basis for the success of WEG Motors, this simple and objective guide was created to help those who buy, sell and work with such equipment. It brings important information for the operation of various types of motors. Enjoy your reading. Specification of Electric Motors 3 www.weg.net Table of Contents 1. Fundamental Concepts ......................................6 4. Acceleration Characteristics ..........................25 1.1 Electric Motors ...................................................6 4.1 Torque ..............................................................25 1.2 Basic Concepts ..................................................7
    [Show full text]
  • Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Dual-Rotor Generator for a Counter-Rotating Wind Turbine
    energies Article Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Dual-Rotor Generator for a Counter-Rotating Wind Turbine Filip Kutt *,† , Krzysztof Blecharz † and Dariusz Karkosi ´nski † Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, Gda´nskUniversity of Technology, 80-233 Gda´nsk,Poland; [email protected] (K.B.); [email protected] (D.K.) * Correspondence: fi[email protected]; Tel.: +48-58-347-19-39 † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 31 March 2020; Accepted: 26 May 2020; Published: 2 June 2020 Abstract: Coaxial counter-rotating propellers have been widely applied in ships and helicopters for improving the propulsion efficiency and offsetting system reactive torques. Lately, the counter-rotating concept has been introduced into the wind turbine design. Distributed wind power generation systems often require a novel approach in generator design. In this paper, prototype development of axial-flux generator with a counter-rotating field and armature is presented. The design process was composed of three main steps: analytical calculation, FEM simulation and prototype experimental measurements. The key aspect in the prototype development was the mechanical construction of two rotating components of the generator. Sturdy construction was achieved using two points of contact between both rotors via the placement of the bearing between the inner and outer rotor. The experimental analysis of the prototype generator has been conducted in the laboratory at the dynamometer test stand equipped with a torque sensor. The general premise for the development of such a machine was an investigation into the possibility of developing a dual rotor wind turbine. The proposed solution had to meet certain criteria such as relatively simple construction of the generator and the direct coupling between the generator and the wind turbines.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016-09-27-2-Generator-Basics
    Generator Basics Basic Power Generation • Generator Arrangement • Main Components • Circuit – Generator with a PMG – Generator without a PMG – Brush type –AREP •PMG Rotor • Exciter Stator • Exciter Rotor • Main Rotor • Main Stator • Laminations • VPI Generator Arrangement • Most modern, larger generators have a stationary armature (stator) with a rotating current-carrying conductor (rotor or revolving field). Armature coils Revolving field coils Main Electrical Components: Cutaway Main Electrical Components: Diagram Circuit: Generator with a PMG • As the PMG rotor rotates, it produces AC voltage in the PMG stator. • The regulator rectifies this voltage and applies DC to the exciter stator. • A three-phase AC voltage appears at the exciter rotor and is in turn rectified by the rotating rectifiers. • The DC voltage appears in the main revolving field and induces a higher AC voltage in the main stator. • This voltage is sensed by the regulator, compared to a reference level, and output voltage is adjusted accordingly. Circuit: Generator without a PMG • As the revolving field rotates, residual magnetism in it produces a small ac voltage in the main stator. • The regulator rectifies this voltage and applies dc to the exciter stator. • A three-phase AC voltage appears at the exciter rotor and is in turn rectified by the rotating rectifiers. • The magnetic field from the rotor induces a higher voltage in the main stator. • This voltage is sensed by the regulator, compared to a reference level, and output voltage is adjusted accordingly. Circuit: Brush Type (Static) • DC voltage is fed External Stator (armature) directly to the main Source revolving field through slip rings.
    [Show full text]
  • Electromagnetic Launcher: Review of Various Structures
    Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 9 Issue 09, September-2020 Electromagnetic Launcher : Review of Various Structures Siddhi Santosh Reelkar Prof. Dr. U. V. Patil Department of Electrical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Karad Karad Prof. Dr. V. V. Khatavkar Department of Electrical Engineering, P.E.S. Modern college of Engineering, Pune Hrishikesh Mehta Utkarsh Alset Aethertec Innovative Solutions, Aethertec Innovative Solutions, Bavdhan, Pune Bavdhan, Pune Abstract— A theoretic review of electromagnetic coil-gun This paper is mainly focusing the basic principle of launcher and its types are illustrated in this paper. In recent electromagnetic coil-gun launcher, inductance and resistance years conventional launchers like steam launchers, chemical calculations, construction and modeling concept of different launchers are replaced by electromagnetic launchers with coil-gun launcher. auxiliary benefits. The electromagnetic launchers like rail- gun and coil-gun elevated with multi pole field structure delivers II. WORKING PRINCIPLE great muzzle velocity and huge repulse force in limited time. Rail gun has two parallel rails from which object is launched. Various types of coil-gun electromagnetic launchers are When current passes through the rails to the object it compared in this paper for its structures and characteristics. The paper focuses on the basic formulae for calculating the produces arc. Because of high current pulse it has more values of inductance and resistance of electromagnetic contact friction losses [4]. Compare to the rail-gun launcher, launchers. Coil-gun launchers have no contact friction losses as there is no electrical contact between coils and object.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Performance Specialty Motors & Application-Specific Motion Systems
    Motion Solutions That Change the Game Aerospace & Defense Automation Commercial-Consumer Industrial High-Performance Specialty Motors Medical & Application-Specific Motion Systems Pumps Robotics Vehicles A World of Solutions Allied Motion products are in use around the globe in a wide range of demanding applications. Our companies possess the expertise, products, and global presence to provide you with the motion solutions you need in today’s globally competitive world. Aerospace & Defense Automation Commercial-Consumer Industrial Medical Pumps Robotics Vehicles www.alliedmotion.com 2 [email protected] Motion Solutions That Change the Game The Allied Motion Culture “VIA” – Value, Integrity, AST – encapsulates the Allied Motion culture. It means we work to create tangible Value for our customers and stakeholders; we maintain the highest Integrity in all of our business relationships; and we utilize Allied Systematic Tools to continuously improve Quality, Delivery, Cost and Innovation. Why Choose Allied Motion to be Your Motion Solution Provider? Global Reach Solution Centers Three strategically located Solution Centers – North America, Europe, Asia – offer local application engineering and sales support to make it easy to do business with us. “We speak your language.” Advanced Technology Products Allied Motion develops advanced-technology products that enable our customers to “change the game.” We strive to produce the most compact, innovative products with the highest performance at a competitive price. Allied Motion Solutions Brushless Torque Motors 4-5 Lean Enterprise: Allied Systematic Tools (AST) Brushless Servo Motors 6-7 Allied Systematic Tools (AST) is our set of lean enterprise business tools that drive continuous improvement. AST insures that our Brushless & PMDC Gear Motors 8-9 customers receive the highest quality products and service at the Brushless Motors with Integrated Controllers 10-11 best possible price.
    [Show full text]