The Bronze Age Funerary Cups of Northern England Vol II of II D.L
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The Bronze Age Funerary Cups of Northern England Vol II of II D.L.Hallam MPhil UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD 2015 The Bronze Age Funerary Cups of Northern England Vol II of II Deborah Louise Hallam Submitted for the Degree of Master of Philosophy School of Archaeological Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD 2015 Table of Contents Appendix 1: Inhumation positioning, gender and age detail ................................ 202 Appendix 2: Cup Association Data Tables .......................................................... 203 Appendix 2.1 Cup Motif Comparisons ............................................................ 209 Appendix 2.2 List of Cups by Type .................................................................. 213 Appendix 3: Radiocarbon Dates pertaining to the North of England ................... 223 Appendix 3.1 Dating system ............................................................................ 225 Appendix 4: Cup Distribution Maps ..................................................................... 226 All Cup Types .................................................................................................. 226 Biconical Type 1 Cups ..................................................................................... 231 Miniature Type 2 Cups ..................................................................................... 232 Fenestrated and stylised Type 3 Cups ............................................................ 233 Splayed Wall Type 4 Cups .............................................................................. 234 Thick based simple Type 5 Cups ..................................................................... 235 Type 6 Oval Cups ............................................................................................ 236 All Cups by Type .............................................................................................. 237 Appendix 5: The Cup listings and catalogue ....................................................... 238 Appendix 5.1 Listing of Cups by numerical order ............................................ 239 Appendix 5.2: Listing of Cups in alphabetical order and page number ............ 242 Appendix 5.3 The Cup Catalogue .................................................................... 248 Appendix 6: Grave plans and Cup positions ....................................................... 537 Appendix 6.1 Cup position with unburnt remains ............................................. 538 Appendix 6.2 Cup position with burnt remains ................................................. 541 Bibliography ........................................................................................................ 546 i Appendix 1: Inhumation positioning, gender and age detail Name Side Position Orientation Sex or Age Acklam Wold (91) Right E-W, facing south Adult Bolton Haulgh Hall (41) Unknown N-S Unknown Brassington Galley Low (16) Unknown Unknown 2 ‘young persons’, other Multiple inhumation (4) two unknown Clifton on Irwell (42) Unknown Unknown Unknown Ganton Brough (121, 235) Left N-S Adult male (20?) Multiple inhumation (2) Right N-S Young female (17?) facing each other Garton Slack (73) Supine, knees N-S A ‘young and slender bent person’ Garton Slack (74) Left E-W Head to the A middle aged female East Garton Slack (75) Left NE-SW Child aged 5-7 Goodmanham Paulinus (83) Left E-W Child 2-3 years Hanging Grimston (126) Right E-W Child Pickering 4m NW (146) ‘Contracted’ Unknown Unknown Staxton Beacon (239) Unknown Unknown Unknown Tissington Crake Low (38) Unknown Unknown Unknown Wetwang Slack (230) Right E-W Child 202 Appendix 2: Cup Association Data Tables Notes Only definite associations have been included in this data. For completeness, the full Cup catalogue is shown however if an entry is blank, there is no information available. For the cremations, a large percentage of antiquarian references use descriptions such as ‘heaped’ or ‘with burnt bone’ and it is not possible to determine a minimum number of individuals represented, nor if in fact if they were definitely human. An X represents a reference to a Cup being found in association with a cremation deposit and excludes those which only simply describe charcoal being present as this is not indicative of cremated remains. Information about the age and sex of cremations and inhumations is fairly scant and only those specifically identified are detailed, leaving a proportion of remains unknown. No assumptions have been made. The term CU is a Collared Urn and FV is a Food Vessel. Flints may have been recorded as simply that in the references, or may have been identified to type and where the type is known it is noted under the comments heading. 203 204 205 206 207 208 Appendix 2.1 Cup Motif Comparisons Cup Beaker Food Vessel Collared Urn Technique Yes Yes Yes Incised Incised/ No No No Impressed Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes Yes Incised 209 Cup Beaker Food Vessel Collared Urn Technique Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes Yes Incised Yes Yes No Rustication No Yes Yes Twisted Cord Yes No Yes Impressed/Incised Yes Yes Yes Twisted Cord Fingernail Yes Yes Yes Impressed 210 Cup Beaker Food Vessel Collared Urn Technique Fingernail Yes Yes Yes Impressed No Yes No False Relief No Yes No Impressed Yes Yes No Gouged/chiselled Yes Yes Yes Impressed Yes Yes Yes Impressed No Yes Yes Impressed Yes Yes No Impressed 211 Cup Beaker Food Vessel Collared Urn Technique Yes Yes No Impressed No Yes No Plaited Cord Yes Yes No Comb Impressed 212 Appendix 2.2 List of Cups by Type Catalogue Ref Name Type 1 Aglionby 1 2 Broomrigg 1 3 Ewanrigg 1 5 Garlands (1999.823) 1 7 Garlands (1977.25.23) 1 9 Kirkoswald (1949.109.3) 1 10 Kirkoswald (1919.109.2) 1 11 Old Penrith 1 14 Skirwith Moor 1 15 Bradfield Barnside Common 1 17 Chapel en le frith 1 23 Middleton and Smerill 1 24 Stanton Moor (1979.985) 1 25 Stanton Moor (1981.1223) 1 26 Stanton Moor (1981.1221) 1 31 Stanton Moor (J93.884) 1 32 Stanton Moor (J 1979.980) 1 33 Stanton Moor (1979.904) 1 34 Stanton Moor (1926-35/3) 1 36 Stanton Moor (1926.35/5) 1 37 Stone Low 1 41 Bolton Haulgh Hall 1 42 Clifton on Irwell 1 43 Irwell Whitelow Hill 1 44 Radcliffe Ees 1 45 Bleasdale 1 46 Darwen (1) 1 47 Darwen (2) 1 48 Waddington Pinder Hill 1 61 Rothbury District 1 65 Bishop Burton 1 67 Calais Wold C70 1 68 Calais Wold (1942.605) 1 71 Etton Paulinus (1209.1150) 1 81 Goodmanham Enthorpe (1209.1169) 1 82 Goodmanham Jarrett (1209.1208) 1 84 Goodmanaham Wold 1 (1209.1987) 1 213 Catalogue Ref Name Type 87 Hutton Cranswick 1 93 Aldro (1942.601) 1 95 Aldro (1942.600) 1 96 Allerston Warren (J93.887) 1 97 Allerston Warren (J93.896) 1 100 Ampleforth (1973.84) 1 102 Aysgill Crake Close 1 111 Dalby Warren (1947.1059) 1 112 Dalby Warren (1947.1051) 1 113 Danby Rigg 1 114 Far Fields Lockton (1947.1060) 1 117 Fylingdales (1209.1671) 1 119 Ganton (1203.310) 1 120 Ganton (1209.331) 1 123 Great Ayton Moor 1 125 Guisborough (0410.11) 1 128 Hellifield 1 133 Hutton Buscel (1209.1316) 1 136 Hutton Moor 1 137 Irton Moor 1 138 Kingthorpe (1947.1056) 1 139 Kingthorpe (J93.895) 1 140 Loose Howe 1 141 Pickering (Nr. J93.877) 1 142 Pickering (Nr.J93.890) 1 145 Pickering (4M N J93.874) 1 149 Pickering (7M N J93.886) 1 151 Pickering (10M NE J93.875) 1 154 Saintoft 1 156 Scarborough Langdale End 1 157 Scarborough (Nr.) 1 159 Slingsby (1209.1272) 1 161 Slingsby (1209.1281) 1 165 Southern Black Howe (0410.30) 1 166 Suffield 1 167 Three Howes Glaisdale (0410.52) 1 168 Three Howes Glaisdale (0410.57) 1 170 Way Hagg Barrow 1 172 Western Howes Central 1 174 Whitby (0721.8) 1 175 Whitby (0712.9) 1 214 Catalogue Ref Name Type 178 Arksey 1 181 Sheffield Crookes 1 182 Bradford Chellow Heights 1 184 Hopton Moor 1 185 Mitchell Laithes 1 186 Stanbury 1 187 Pule Hill 1 188 Todmorden 1A 1 190 Todmorden 6B 1 191 Todmorden 8 1 192 Warley Tower Hill 1 195 1947.1158 1 197 1947.1160.1 1 199 1947.1162 1 200 1947.1163 1 201 1947.1164 1 203 1947.1172 1 204 1947.1173 1 205 1947.1176 1 207 1947.1178 1 208 1947.1179 1 210 1947.1181 1 211 1947.1182 1 212 Coniston Banniside Moor 1 213 Dean 1 214 Stonebridge 1 220 Lancaster 1 224 Doddington 1 226 Ord 1 234 Fylingdales Ravenhill 1 237 Ingleby Greenhow 1 240 Thornton in Craven 1 6 Garlands (1999.824) 2 12 Roose (07906) 2 13 Roose (07907) 2 16 Brassington Galley Low 2 18 Doll Tor (1981.1245) 2 19 Doll Tor (1981.1244) 2 20 Doll Tor (1981.1243) 2 22 Matlock Bridge (Nr.) 2 215 Catalogue Ref Name Type 27 Stanton Moor (1979.1088) 2 39 Youlgreave 2 49 Belsay Castle (Nr.) 2 50 Ford (1209.1741) 2 53 Haydon Bridge 2 54 Holystone Common 2 56 Lucker 2 58 Newton Well House Farm 2 60 Rosedean 2 62 South Charlton 2 63 Unprovenanced (ACAT 3) 2 64 Binnington 2 66 Bridlington (Nr.) 2 73 Garton Slack 40 2 74 Garton Slack 41 2 77 Goodmanham II 2 80 Goodmanham Enthorpe (1209.1171) 2 86 Huggate Wold 2 91 Acklam Wold (1942.420) 2 98 Ampleforth (1947.1061) 2 105 Brompton 2 108 Cawthorn Stackyard 2 109 Danby Stone Rook Hill (0410.37) 2 121 Ganton Brough 2 127 Hackness 2 129 Helmsley 2 131 Howe Nr Whitby (WG2422) 2 132 Hutton Buscel (1947.1037) 2 134 Hutton Buscel (Barrow 2 Vase) 2 143 Pickering (Nr. J93.892) 2 146 Pickering (4M NW J93.891) 2 148 Pickering (7M N J93.883) 2 152 Riggs 2 153 Robin Hoods Bay 2 163 Slingsby (1209.1283) 2 179 Brodsworth 2 183 Harden Moor 2 194 1947.1038 2 218 Astley Hall Farm 2 222 Wadsworth Moor 2 216 Catalogue Ref Name Type 225 Hepple 2 230 Wetwang Slack 2 231 Aldro 2 235 Ganton Brough 2 238 Loftus Street House 2 239 Staxton Beacon 2