San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks
Special Libraries, 1994 Special Libraries, 1990s
Spring 1994
Special Libraries, Spring 1994
Special Libraries Association
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Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, Spring 1994" (1994). Special Libraries, 1994. 2. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1994/2
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special librwies special libraries 3 I spring 1994 vol. 85, no. 2 SPLBAN 85 (2) 77-1 23 ISSN 0038-6723 1
Partnerships in Information Services: The Contract Library Deborah Hatjield ...... 77
Videotex: A New Tool for Libraries Peggy Hull ...... 81
Government Publications and Maps: Account of a Merger Bruce Harley ...... 89
Resume Items for Special and Academic Librarians Kay Womack & Tyler Goldberg ...... 96
The National and University Library in Zagreb: The Goal is Known-How Can it be Attained? Laila Miletic-Vejzovic ...... 104
On the Scene
Information Vision ...... 113
Call for 1995 Conference Papers ...... 1 16
Book Reviews ...... 11 7
Index to Advertisers ...... 27A
winter 1994 special libraries Publisher: David R. Bander Advertising: Aliso N. Cooper Asst. Exec. Director, lnformation Services: Tobi A. Brimsek Cover by: Another Color Inc. Editor: Gail L Repshar Subscriptions: Gail 1. Repsher
sperial libraries (ISSN: 0038-6723) is published quarterly Back Issues L Hard Cover Reprints: Some back issues (Winter, Spring, Summer, Fall, Annual lndex in Fall Issue) by available from Kraus Reprint Corp., 16 East 46th St., New Special Libraries Association, 1700 Eighteenth Street, NW, York, NY. To check avoilobility tall (800)223-8323. Hardcopy, Washington, DC 20009-2508 Tel (202)234-4700 Fax Microfilm 8 Microfiche Editions (1910- ): Inquire University (202)265-9317. Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346, USA. Te1(313)761-4700 Fax (31 3)665-5022. Speciol Libraries Association assumes no responsibility for the Microforms of the current year ore available only to current statements and opinions advanced by the contributors to the subscribers to the original. Association's publications. lnformation for Contributors ap- pears in Speciallibraries 84 (no. 4): (Fall 1993). A publito- Indexed in: Book Review Index, Computer Contents, Cumula- tions catalog is available from the Association Headquarters. five lndex to Nursing and Allied Health literature, Historical Editorial views do not necessarily represent the official posi- Abstracts, Hospital literature Index, International Bibliogra- tion of Special Libraries Association. Acceptance of an adver- phy of Book Reviews, lnternationolBibliography of Periodical tisement does not imply endorsement of the product by Special literature, library literature, Management Index, Public Af- Libraries Association. fairs lnformation Service, ond Scienre Citation Index.
Subsuiptionr (1994 rates):Standard Subuription (indudesSp- Abstrocted in: Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Information riollibmn'esad Speriolisf.UA'smonthtv newsletter)$60. U.S.:$65. Science Abstmcts, INSPEC, ond libmry & Information Science all md5.~in~le'co~iesof ~pemllibr&(Summar 1993- )$id; Abstracts. singh copier of Specialist (January 1993- ) S3.M. WSannual membenhip directory Wlio's Who in Speridlibrories 1993/94(rokl Advertising: Acceptance of an advertisement does not imply separately) is $40 memberq $60 nonmembers. Claim for missing endorsement of the product by Speciol Libraries Associotion. issues must be filed no herthun four months from the dote of issue. Missing copier will be supptd when bsrer have been sustained in transit and m supptes brt. Cbims for undatrvsred issues will not be allowed due to failure to mt~the Membership Depodmeni of the Suburiptiin Deportment of 4dress changes or bemuse an iswe n "missing from the files.' A copy of the mailing bbel and/or the subscriber number will fPtihte procarsing of doims.
Members should send their communications to the SLA Mem- bership Department, 1700 Eighteenth Street, NW, Washing- * Focing Cover 2, facing the Toble of Contents, focing the lead ton, DC 20009-2508. Nonmember Subscribers should send orticle or editorial. their communications to the SLA Subscription Department, 1700 Eighteenth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20009-2508. For information on four-color advertising, contoct Director, Marketing, SLA Tel(202)234-4700 Fax (202)265-9317. Refund Policy: Dueto the cost of proassinga reimbursement, the Associatmn's policy is that "No refunds will be issued for amounts A 15%commission is allowed to recognized advertising agen- under $5.00." ties on bare price of disploy ad. No cash discount is given.
(hanger of Address: Albw sixweeks for all changes to become MEMBERSHIP DUES: effea'ie. AU communications should include both-old and new Member or Assotiale Member $75 addresses (withZ1P Codes) adshould beaaompa- Student Member $15 nbd by a maihng label from a recent issue. Retired Member $15
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spring 1994 IntroducingFreemk With plain ~n~liihsearchin:, kss Can Indeed BeMore. Now you have yet another tool to make research thesaurus to edit your search. Use the new SuperKWICm on the LEXIS"/EX1Sm services easier, more efficient and feature to viewjust the part of a document that most closely more comprehensive - plain English searching with the matches your search description. Check .where and .why Freestyle'" feature. For complex or conceptual searching, screens to understand the logic behind the results.You can less effort can yield significantly more in results. even shift back and forth between Boolean searching and The Freestyle feature is an evolutionary research the Freestyle feature to get the most comprehensive results. alternative. Instead of terms and connectors you simply Best of all, with the Freestyle feature, you still have describe the infomation you're looking for. The Freestyle access to the full resources of the LEXIS/NEXIS services. feature automatically assigns a value to each word in your Just as you'd expect from your information partners. search description and then displays whatever number of documents you specify - ranked in order of relevance! The Freestyle feature also offers great flexibility. You can designate mandatory terms or consult an on-line Your Informution Partners"
0 IW4 hied Dau Cmml, r dir#vonolThr hiardCo~anonrill n~inalcnd LEAIS oil YE\ISacqlumd ~rri*mul.dMradDiir Crtlirrl THE IIIIKLD Ih YOiU HATis$o. \our Inlinsi!#a~Pmrrr\ FREESTYLE rnll %(riK\il( irc mdrmiAi ot Lied Dm Ccnm Partnerships in Information Services: The Contract Library by Deborah Hatfield
w Employing contract librarians to manage a corporate library need not denote the demise of the library. It can mean the revitalization of the library, provided that the contracting is thoughtfully planned by both parties and implemented with a competent and dedicated business partner.
ontracting for services is nothing new to joint research, and instructional training. The c American industry. Beginning with main- business partnership between university and tenance agreements, food services, and con- corporation is the latest trend in c~operation.~ sulting, the trend toward purchasing services One example of this cooperation is in informa- that are not part of thecore industry has boomed tion services. Services that universities can in the last decade. In ever-increasing attempts provide to businesses range from simple refer- to streamline, downsize, and reduce costs, the ence and circulation privileges to information- corporate world is buying support services in on-demand services and contractual manage- unprecedented numbers. ment arrangements between universities and Peter Drucker predicted an increasing reli- corporations. It is this last service that this ance on support services when he wrote in paper addresses. 1989, "In another 10 or 15 years it may well be the rule, especially in larger organizations, to A Look at the Pros and Cons farm out all activities that do not offer the people working in them opportunities for ad- Whether a company already has a library in vancement into senior management."' place or whether it is just beginning one, why Contracting for library services is not a new would contracting be considered a viable op- idea but it is one that is distasteful to most tion? The first reason is financial. Corpora- librarians. Many remember the federal tions are always looking for ways to cut costs, government's example of contracting various and eliminating salaries and benefits saves libraries: bottom line cost was the sole crite- money. Some corporations think lower per- rion, libraries experienced complete turnover sonnel costs are a sufficient reason to contract at bid time, "institutional memoryw2was lost, a corporate library. However, special care and one contract was even awarded to a should be taken to ensure that cost cutting is foreign firm3 However, the federal govern- not implemented without first assessing the ment is not generally viewed as a role model company's critical information needs. If accu- for management, and these negative conse- rate and timely information is essential for the quences could have been avoided with careful corporation's productivity, establishing the planning. means to sustain it must be the primary goal. Industry has been linked with academia To achieve this goal. the benefits of contract- over the years through scholarships, grants, ing with a local university cannot be over- spring 1994 looked. The collection of the corporate library However, the purchasing of professional ser- can be greatly enhanced by relying on the vices in security-sensitive areas such as law, university collection for subjects unrelated to engineering, data processing, and consulting the company's core business. Moreover, the has becomeroutine.'~om Peters was not writ- academic-cumcorporate librariancan become ing about libraries per se when he wrote, the conduit between the corporation and uni- '"Outsiders' must become 'insiders' post haste, versity, expediting and elevating the priority if we are to achieve the fast-paced innovation of information requests. aims that are requisite for survival in any Another reason a library might employ con- industry today,'6 but the same thought could tract librarians is to improve existing services well apply to the contract library. The contract without increasing head count. For example, must be initiated in good faith between com- a shift in corporate strategy may require a pany and university. The confidentiality-sen- subject specialist, an increased workload may sitive company should construct a non-disclo- demand an additional database searcher, or sure agreement in which the penalty for failure uncataloged materials may require acataloger. to comply is clearly stated. After all, to con- A contract may also be created for a well- tract for information delivery services and defined and limited project such as setting up then tie the hands of the contractor due to a company archive. All are valid projects that security concerns would doom the contract to are undertaken with the goal of improving the failure. Librarians should be judged, at the productivity of corporate employees. Yet the very least, on an ethical par with their other fact that these jobs are neither central to the professional counterparts. purpose of the company nor within the area of Every company has a personality. If the expertise of the company's employees makes company is a large one, it may have developed them ideal candidates for contracting. its own language or "companyspeak" that out- If there is no corporate library in place prior siders would not immediately understand. to hiring contract employees, contracting for Some might argue that this is another barrier to library services presents fewer problems than success for the librarian under contract. How- if the contractor takes over an existing corpo- ever, company jargon can be learned and thus rate library. If there is a corporate library should not present a long-term impediment to currently maintained by corporate employees, the contract librarian. what happens to those employees? Do they stay with the library, or are they encouraged to A Model of Partnership transfer to another department or take early retirement? That is a difficult question that One example of a successful corporateluni- must be addressed before contract negotia- versity partnership is the Information Center tions begin. Both contractor and contractee of Lexmark International Inc. (formerly the must understand and agree to the plan for Information Products Division of IBM) and transition before the agreement is finalized. the University of Kentucky. The University of Ideally, if there are corporate personnel who Kentucky Libraries manages the Information are familiar with the library and willing to help Center under a contractual agreement, and the with the transition, they could facilitate the relationship has been mutually beneficial to change from corporate to contracted service. both parties. On the other hand, a disgruntled employee In effect, thecontract has extended the walls who feels shoved aside by "outsiders" can of the Information Center to include the re- erect some magnificent roadblocks to any real sources, materials, and expertise of the Uni- progress. versity of Kentucky. With University staff Many companies are concerned with confi- working on site, requests for information can dentiality and believe that allowing contract be met quickly and easily, often within a few employees to manage the corporate library hours. would expose the company to security risks. The Information Center had been under- 78 special libraries staffed and without aprofessional librarian for member community college system, George- three years prior to initiation of the contract. town College (a private liberal arts school), The contract began in 1989 with two profes- and Lexmark. The Lexmark database is dis- sional librarians, one paraprofessional techni- creet, visible only at the Lexmark site, and cian, and a budget for student assistants. An accessed via the Internet. evaluation of the library began immediately. It TheUniversity7sbenefitsfrom this contrac- was determined that some library services tual agreement with Lexmark have been more offered by the existing IBM library network intangible than the benefits to Lexmark, but were being underutilized and that the use of they are significant nonetheless. The Univer- other external services could be beneficial as sity of Kentucky staff enjoy the opportunity to well, and future library projects were based on gain a new perspective in a corporate environ- this assessment. ment. One graduate assistant even decided to The library's first major project was the pursue a career with a corporate library as a retrospective bibliographic conversion of all result of her experience at Lexmark. And as a records for library materials to enable migra- land grant institution, part of the University's tion to a MARC standard system. To get this mission is service to the community. The project rolling smoothly, one half-time para- Lexmark partnership has been a source of professional wasadded to thecontract. Ground- good public relations for the University of work for improved and expanded library ser- Kentucky and the University values the vices through commercial database vendors, strengthened ties with its corporate neighbor. book vendors, and document delivery services was laid over the first year and a half. A CD- Conclusion ROM database was installed in the library, and when the announcement came that the IBM A professional librarian is in the business of Information Products Division was to be sold, providing information sources and services. a year of transition planning took place, and Whether it is in the university or corporate more services were gradually introduced by setting, knowing how and where to obtain the library staff. By the time the Lexmark information is the critical measure of success. Information Center became totally self-suffi- The corporate library is a vital link between cient, all the services were in place for catalog- research and product development. To weaken ing, acquisitions, interlibrary loan, database this link is to weaken a company's ability to searching, and document delivery. compete. The key to maintaining a strong In 1992, the Information Center expanded information resource, however, may not al- its partnership with the University through the ways mean maintaining corporate employees University of Kentucky NOTIS Consortium. in the library. University libraries can help to The NOTIS integrated information system is provide a reliable source of professional li- the local system for the University of Ken- brarians trained to provide a wide range of tucky Libraries, and resides on an IBM 3090 information services.As industry and academia on the University campus. The University of look more and more for business partnerships, Kentucky Libraries formed a consortium to the partnering of information resources seems share NOTIS among the University's 14- to be one of the most promising options.
References Drucker, Peter F. "Drucker on Management: Sell the Mailroom." Wall Street Journal, July 25, 1989, p. A16.
Kalfatovic, Martin R. "The Preservation of Knowledge: Institutional Memory and the spring 1994 79 Contracting Out of Government Libraries," paper delivered at the 81st Annual Conference of the Special Libraries Association, Pittsburgh, PA, p.49, June 9-14, 1990.
McAllister, Bill. "Foreign Control of NOAA Library? Amid FBI Warnings, Dutch- Owned Firm Wins Management Contract." Washington Post, April 4,1988, p. A15.
Likins, Peter. "Academic Alchemy: Turning Towers into Bridges." Managing R&D Technology: Building the Necessary Bridges, Conference Board Research Report No. 938, New York: Conference Board, 1990.
Farrell, Paul V., ed. Alijan's Purchasing Handbook 4th ed. New York: McGraw, 1982, p. 17-3.
Peters, Tom. "Get Innovative or Get Dead," California Management Review: 9-26 (Fall 1990).
Deborah Hatfield is Technical Services/Systems Librarian, Lexmark Information Center, Lexmark International Inc., under a contract with the University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
special libraries Videotex: A New Tool For Libraries by Peggy Hull
- - Videotex is a tool you can use to do something you are probably already doing- getting timely information to your users-and do it better, faster, and more easily. With videotex, you can easily and efficiently disseminate vast quantities of information to anyone with access to a tomputer or terminal connected to a mainframe. Users can scan and selectively read items of interest, much as one does when reading a newspaper. For librarians and information managers who strive to deliver timely information without creating "information overload," this tool holds special promise. This article will describe the use of videotex at Glaxo Inc., where library staff have pioneered the development and implementation of videotex applications.
What Is It? delivery services, and airline schedules. Minitel users spend an average of almost Videotex is a generic term for an easy-to- one and one-half hours per month using use, consistent approach to locating and these service^.^ selectively viewing information on a termi- Videotex has had a slower start in the nal screen.' The strength of videotex is its United States, where the lack of a public ability to make available vast quantities of network that would support consumer use information; it can be thought of as paper- of videotex has impeded its growth.3 The less publishing. In today's corporate envi- Prodigy system promoted by Sears and IBM ronment, where terminals and computers is an effort to bring a successful consumer are widely used by staff at all levels, video- videotex service to American households. tex complements electronic mail and other The largely untapped potential of video- corporation-wide communication systems tex is to revolutionize the way information by enabling the dissemination of informa- is disseminated in corporations. Most large tion to any employee with a terminal or companies now use electronic messaging computer. systems and mainframe computers, provid- Initially developed in Europe during the ing communication between employees at 1970s for consumer applications, its most distant sites. These communication networks famous use is the French Minitel system, a are already in place, but these companies small terminal used in four million French still print employee handbooks, procedure homes and businesses. Its first application manuals, telephone directories, and other was a nationwide online telephone direc- documents conveying large quantities of tory, distributed free of charge to all tele- information on paper. Some documents are phone subscribers. Now a wide variety of routed among departments, delaying their services are available, including bulletin receipt for weeks or months. Others are boards, games, financial services, grocery issued as paper updates, and then (theoreti- spring 7 994 Ccpyiiht O 1994 Sped libraries Assochtmn cally at least) each employee spends an hour Because everyone shares the same master or so filing the new information and dis- document, demands on computer time and carding the old. With videotex, the office resources are minimal and updating is easy. which issues the information becomes the Large quantities of text can be handled, fre- information provider, responsible for prepar- quent updates are easily managed, and the ing and maintaining the information, much as number of users is nearly unlimited. it does already. In videotex terminology, the information provided is called the "infobase." Videotex at Glaxo (See below.) The history of the development of videotex services within Glaxo Inc. illus- DATABASE VS. INFOBASE I trates some of the strengths and weak- nesses of videotex. Glaxo is a multina- tional pharmaceutical company with strong research and development activi- ties in several countries and a marketing presence in all major world markets. In 1986, the company adopted DEC VAX computers as the worldwide standard for all medical and scientific research, and began using ALL-IN-1 for worldwide electronic mail. With that purchase came VAX VTX, DEC's videotex system. It was installed but not used for several years. In 1988, a DEC consultant at Glaxo cre- ated a system to permit employees to re- quest library services (article photocopies, literature searches, etc.) through ALL-IN- 1, and in the process, introduced the library staff to videotex. The power and the poten- tial of this new mechanism for disseminat- Strengths of Videotex ing information corporation-wide was ob- vious to us and we eagerly formulated sev- The defining characteristic of videotex is eral ideas for applications. As a result, the "one-to-many communication"; e.g., from consultant developed two services to meet one source to many users. It is ideal for our needs. One provided data for all library information which changes often and must journals with location and holdings infor- be widely distributed. Videotex presents mation, and the other identified employees information in a series of hierarchical menus with knowledge of foreign languages who that result in a logical presentation of data were willing to provide help with brief trans- which is intuitively obvious and user- lations. Library staff became the informa- friendly. From the menus, users choose the tion providers for both services, respon- service they want to use, and can display or sible for maintaining and updating the in- print the information. Information is pre- formation as needed. sented and organized logically in small At the same time, our business librarian amounts spanning one or several screens. had an idea for a daily news service which Headings for each section of text allow would inform employees of significant news users to pick and display the information affecting the company or the industry. It which has been selected. was his idea to create and develop this special libraries service, named Glaxo Today,which includes version as they adjusted from passive re- stock information, abstracts of significant ceipt to actively seeking out the videotex news stories and press releases, and other version, but that was quickly overcome. industry information. He proposed down- The initial videotex menu was designed loading this information from online sources to present services by the names of the which had given permission for this internal providing department (see Figure 2), be- use, or occasionally abstracting news from cause we wanted to clearly state the library's other sources. However, when we shared role as an information provider and claim the idea for this service with our computing credit for our activities. (We have found department, it was dismissed by the person that employees can easily assume that ev- charged with supporting library automation erything available to them via their comput- applications as "frivolous." ers is provided by the computing depart- Undaunted, we quickly saw how we could ment). We also developed introductory in- create the service with existing resources formation to explain that the sources of the and our own expertise, and began to de- information were the publishers, that the velop it as a mail message, created daily and data is covered by copyright, and that retro- sent by ALL-IN-1 mail to a distribution list spective searches of the publications were of interested employees. With no promo- available through the library. [Later, a warn- tion or marketing efforts other than word of ing screen (Figure 4) requiring user accep- mouth, the service rapidly gained many tance of copyright was added to further enthusiastic recipients. Within a year the clarify the limitations of employee use]. list had grown to over 300 names, and Glaxo Today became widely known in the com- Newsletters on Videotex pany as a source of timely information. The benefits to the library's perceived role as a By offering news services on videotex, source of timely information were immedi- we realized immediate success as employ- ate. ees quickly grasped how they could get vital However, there were many problems with information in a timely way, without wait- managing a 300-name distribution list, and ing to receive a newsletter after it had been only ALL-IN- 1 users could receive the mes- routed among senior staff. User statistics sage, which excluded all non-scientific per- and comments told us what we already sonnel. We resolved once again that video- knew-that videotex provided a method of tex would be a better delivery method for distribution for textual information that this information. Eventually, we were able mimics hard copy habits. to get the DEC consultant to design an First, we negotiated a license with the application capable of handling downloaded publisher of Scrip World Pharmaceutical text through menus listing items by title, News which entitled us to provide the full and Glaxo Today was suspended as a mail text of this widely-read industry newsletter message and launched as a videotex ser- on videotex. A primary reason for making vice. this newsletter available via videotex was The daily update procedures were de- its timeliness compared to the twice-weekly signed to be simple and straightforward, hard copy edition, which is mailed from the and are now automated, so that the update United Kingdom to subscribers worldwide, process can be handled easily. The service often arriving in theunited States a week or was marketed to all company employees more after the cover date. The videotex and made available from the initial elec- version is updated daily from pre-publica- tronic mail menus on both the VAX and tion files; therefore, readers of the elec- IBM mainframes. Some initial user resis- tronic text have gained considerable advan- tance was encountered from those who were tage in timeliness over the paper alterna- accustomed to receiving the electronic mail tive. Another popular trade publication, The spring 1994 Pink Sheet, was also a desirable offering, Evaluation of Videotex based on its wide readership throughout the corporation, but here we found strong pub- Videotex has clearly become an important lisher reluctance to licensing our proposed part of our corporate culture. Compared to a new method of distribution of its product. search vehicle such as BRS Search or BASIS, Two years of difficult negotiations ensued certainly videotex does not deliver the same before we were able to launch this service, results. But for current news items and internal which now also includes Pink Sheet's sister information, we think the usage of these video- newsletter, Health News Daily. tex services shows that people do not want or In our implementation, users scan num- need to rely only on search profiles to select bered headlines (see Figure 5) for items of items of interest. After all, no search profile can interest, just as they might scan the head- permit serendipitous browsing or anticipate lines of the print equivalent. The most re- changing interests. cent items are listed first, followed by the Usage statistics demonstrate the enormous previous five days of material. Hitting the popularity ofthese services (seeFigure 1). Many return key brings up the next older list of Glaxo departments have since adopted videotex headlines. Entering the number of the item as a communication vehicle, with more than a brings up the full text of the article (see dozen departments now providing everything Figure 6). One function key takes users from airline schedules to frequently traveled back to the list of headlines. The print cities, the Employee Benefits Handbook, no- screen key is the easiest and fastest way tices of scientific seminars, and internal job to produce a printed copy to one's slave postings (see Figure 2). Meanwhile, other appli- printer. Users quickly catch on to these cations are pending. few simple commands and, best of all, no Arecent library survey showed that the video- training is needed for proficiency. tex news services are the library's most fre- Our news services are designed for quently used services, with 40% of employees browsing and timely delivery of new in- reporting use of Glaxo Today, 3 1% on a daily formation, not for retrospective search- basis; and 27% reporting use of Scrip Online at ing. No data is retained beyond five busi- least weekly. Many favorable comments are ness days, and our contracts with the pub- received about these services. The ease of up- lishers are explicit on this point. Our video- dates and minimal computer resource implica- tex system doesn't permit searching or de- tions are also significant advantages to library liver current awareness alerts, but it meets a staff. These services all have high visibility and fundamental need for timely information thereby have enhanced the library's image and delivered to the employees' desktop in an reputation as a source of timely, valuable infor- intuitively obvious manner. A significant mation. advantage of videotex for our company is We are not aware of other special libraries that it is the sole information delivery sys- using videotex as a vehicle for delivering infor- tem available corporation-wide to all em- mation to their users, and a recent search of the ployees, regardless of location, personal library literature reveals very few publications desktop equipment, stage of Windows on this topic. For these reasons, we found that implementation, or whether they are con- our experiment with videotex as a delivery nected to the IBM or VAX mainframes or method for information has been an exciting are Mac users. achievement and a resounding success.
special libraries Grateful acknowledgment is ma& to Samir Abed, who worked with us to develop the library's videotex applications, and to Vid Desai, who keeps them running smoothly. Credit for the library's high quality videotex news services belongs to the business librarians who have provided these services: Michael Gelinne, Paula Ard, and Cam Morrison.
- References Kusekoski, Gene. "Corporate videotex: a strategic business information system." MIS Quarterly, December 1989, pp. 447-456.
Opportunities in Videotex: a Guide to Communicating and Marketing Through Electronic Services. Rosslyn VA: Videotex Industry Association, 1989. p. 3.
Op. cit., p. 449.
Digital Equipment Corporation, VTX Information Providers Guide Manual, 1980.
FIGURE I Current Status of Videotex Usage at Glaxo
Pages Percentage Total Pages displayed of total displayed Percentage Service per week weekly usage since 9/90 of total use
Glaxo Today 38,633 4,590,040 29 Scrip 5,902 1,242,568 7 Pink Sheet 4,439 28 1,568 1 Health News 4,474 262,709 1 Daily
Total 53,448
spring 1994 FIGURE 2 Main Menu for all VTX Services
1 Human Resources 2 Library and Information Services 3 Corporate Information Technology (CIT) 4 Marketing and Sales Services (Forecasting) 5 IT Learning Center 6 Travel and Meeting Services 7 R&D Computing Services 8 R&D Services 9 GRI Calender of Events 10 Purchasing, Business Development, Import/Export 11 Maintenance & Technical Services 12 Fleet Services 13 Fixed Asset Accounting 14 Travel and Entertainment Policy
97 VTX Instructions for VAX Users 98 VTX Instructions for IBM Users 99 Index of VTX Applications Choice:
FIGURE 3 Library Videotex Services
1 Introduction 2 Glaxo Today 3 Scrip Online 4 Pink Sheet Online 5 Health News Daily Online 6 In-house Translators
For assistance dial 990-5395
Choice:
86 special libraries FIGURE 4 Copyright Warning and User Acceptance
Articles and abstracts accessed through Glaxo Today, Scrip Online, Pink Sheet Online, and Health News Daily Online are for internal purposes only.
REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE GLAXO MAY BE A VIOLATION OF FEDERAL COPYRIGHT LAW!
VAXIALL-IN-1 users enter 1 to continue or
Entering 1 acknowledges user compliance with the copyright law.
Choice:
FIGURE 5 Scrip Headlines
1 * Change in Upjohn management (F). 2 * Prescrire unconvinced by finasteride (F). 3 * More EC Directives incorporated into Italian law: (B). 4 * Rhone-Poulenc Rorer's Lovenox approved in US (F). 5 * ID Biomedical and UCLA licence agreement on Tuberculosis vac 6 * Telor Ophthalmic's initial public offering: (B). 7 * Sphinx and ICAgen joint venture (F). 8 * Arcturus raises $5 million in second round of financing: (B) 9 * US pharmaceutical Producer Price Index (PPI) up 4.4% in February 10 * Medical and Clinical Research Consultants (MCRC) opens new U 11 * UK prescription trends (F). 12.* Wockhardt to test reconbinant deoxyribonucleic acid (rDNA) h 13 * World Helath Organisation (WHO) to provide paediatric vaccin 14 * Waverley Pharmaceutical expands: (B).
More -> Choice: spring 1994 87 Scrip Text
Sphinx and ICAgen joint venture (F). Scrip. 04/16/93...... 1 of4 Sphinx Pharmaceuticals, a US biopharmaceutical company, has entered into joint venture with ICAgen Inc (Ion Channel Advances), a start-up company in Durham, North Carolina, to identify and develop proprietary compounds that modulate cellular ion channels.
The joint venture will combine Sphinx' molecular diversity programme, which anticipates generating large libraries of novel small organic molecules, with ICAgen's proprietary ion channel assay systems.
Sphinx' molecular diversity programme is a result of the recently completed acquisition of Genesis Pharmaceuticals Inc.
Under the terms of the agreement, Sphinx and ICAgen will share revenues, expenses and profits of the joint venture equally, and a
Next -> Press HELP for options.
Figures 1-6 reproduced with permission of Glaxo Inc.
Peggy Hull is Manager, Library Services at Glaxo Inc. Research Institute in Research Triangle Park, NC. She received her master's degree in Library Science from Florida State University and has experience in public and special libraries and as a Peace Corps Volunteer.
special libraries Government Publications and Maps: Account of a Merger by Brute Harley
In these times of fiscal austerity, library personnel are frequent1 asked to consider consolidating reference service points. In Fall 1992, '6udgetary constraints necessitated the merger of the Government Publications and Maps Divisions at San Diego State University Library. This paper provides a description and assessment of this merger.
Introduction other departments. In particular, class as- signments dependent on map information San Diego State University (SDSU), with gathering could not be ignored. The last an enrollment of over 28,000, is one of 20 option was accepted because it provided for California State University campuses. There the maintenance of some patron access to is one library on campus. During the late and reference service for the map collec- summer and early fall of 1992, options for tion. This decision was based in part on the managing SDSU Library's map collection fact that Library personnel are required by were explored. The Maps Curator, who had federal law to provide some access to the developed and managed the collection for maps they receive through the Depository many years, was planning to retire at the Library Program. end of October. Due to budget constraints, The decision to merge Library divisions there was no possibility of hiring a librarian meant new challenges awaited the Govern- with maps experience to assume responsi- ment Publications librarians. None of the bility for the collection of 150,000 maps three of us had any significant experience and 1,000 atlases and keep the Maps Divi- working with a map collection and we ac- sion open to the public. Consequently, the knowledged the difficulty of learning map following options were considered: elimi- reference in less than ideal circumstances. nate access to the map collection completely; The Division's single-staffed reference desk offer it piecemeal to parties outside the was already the focal point for access to the Library; make access to it within the Li- Library's United States (US), California, brary entirely self-service; and merge, both and United Nations (UN) collections and 15 administratively and physically, the Maps of the Library's CD-ROM and Internet work- and Government Publications Divisions of stations. The fact that the merger would the Library. begin in the middle of Fall semester, one of The first three options were rejected be- the busiest times of year at the reference cause they failed to accommodate the needs desk, wasn't going to diminish the chal- of the map collection's patrons-faculty lenge. and students in the geography, geology, The merger began on November 2nd and history, political science, area studies, and occurred over aperiod of several months. This spring 1994 Copyi~htO 1994 Specla1 Libraries Asrocinfun 89 paper provides an account of this merger of ing room. The reference area is bvided into two related yet dissimilar service points. United States, California, and United Nations reference sections, two computer clusters, and Impact on Patrons: Reference Assistance the map referencearea. The latter is situated at an angle behind the reference desk and is com- When the Map Curator retired, I assumed prised of mapcases, atlas shelving,andonelarge responsibility for the map collection. Neither I table which can accommodate approximately nor my colleagues in the newly created Govem- two sheet map users. This arrangement took ment Publications & Maps Division had previ- shape only after the second transfer of map ous experience providing map reference ser- materials from what had been the Map Division. vice. We were more familiar with some carto- graphic principles (e.g., scale, 1atitudePongi- The First Transfer of Materials tude) than others (e.g., map projection), but we The way the Government Publications and had little experience applying these principles in Maps Divisions were situated made it impos- our daily work. We were aware that the United sible to construct a single public entry point States produced topographic maps but were leading to an open area encompassing both unfamiliar with the variety of cartographic data government publications and maps. Although products produced by federal agencies, many of just a few yards apart, their entrances were at which the Library receives. None of us had right angles and faced narrow aisles at one much experience with the way the Library's comer of a stairwell. Transferring map materials map collection was arranged and classified. into the GovemmentPublications reference area In the year following the merger, we have was considered, but the lack of space in this area learned how to meet our patrons' needs given made it impossible to transfer all or even most of the scope of the Library's map collection, but it the materials from the map rooms to the refer- is still not unusual for us to learn something new ence area in Government Publications. Conse- about our mapcollection holdings. At times, we quently, prior to her retirement, the Maps Cura- learn along with our patrons. This is not unique tor selected potential high-use maps and atlases to map reference and is not necessarily a disad- for transfer. These maps and atlases were re- vantage when providing reference service. ferred to as the "core" map collection and con- sisted of the following materials: Impact on Patrons: Selected San Diego sheet maps, includ- The Arrangement of Materials ing United States Geological Society (USGS) topographic maps, County- and In the oldarrangement, the narrow entrance to City-produced series maps, and various the Map Division led patrons into a corridor thematic maps; bordered on both sides by map cases. This Selected "World, Continents, and Na- corridor opened into areading room bordered on tions" sheet maps (see under The Sec- all sides by more map cases. ?he reference desk ond Transfer of Materials, below), in- was located at the comer where the corridor and cluding United States Central Intelli- reading room met. Two large tables, additional gence Agency (CIA) andNationa1Geo- map cases, and atlas shelving occupied most of graphic Society political and thematic the space in the reading room behind the refer- maps; ence desk. The tables could accommodate ap- The latest folded Travel or Road maps; proximately four sheet (i.e., flat) map users at a and time. Selected atlases and gazetteers of the Now, the wide entrance to the Government world, the United States, California, Publications &Maps Division is in direct line of the San Diego area, and Mexico, espe- sight from the reference desk which is located cially Baja. approximately in the middle of a reference area To make room for the "core" map collection several times the size of the Map Division read- in theGovernment Publications referencearea, 90 specicrl libraries several events took place. First, the Division's area. Thiid, there was consensus that certain circulation desk was removed. This was made types of maps, depending on how they had been possible when the staff of the Library's Cen- arranged in the Map Division and the extent to ual Circulation Division agreed to handle the which they were indexed, needed to be in the circulation of government publications. Sec- reference area whereas others could be left and ond, several ranges of shelves and tables with paged on demand by the Division's staff and the government publications reference materials student assistant assigned to maps. were rearranged, and the recently closed card Most of the USGS geologic series maps in catalogs for California and United Nations the map collection were left in their original publications were moved. Finally, four five- folders, labeled with their Superintendent of drawer map cases and one filing cabinet were Document call numbers and shelved sepa- moved to the Government Publications refer- rately by series number with the rest of the ence area. ?he "core" sheet maps were filed in federal depository collection. folders in the map cases. The "core" travel maps Identifying additional San Diego and were filed in hanging folders in the filing cabi- California sheet maps to be transferred was not net. The "core" atlases were placed on a cleared difficult. Only duplicates of USGS topographic range of shelves. All Division personnel were maps of San Diego were not transferred. Most of needed to help transfer these materials. the general, thematic, and miscellaneous his- Although the transferred materials did turn torical California maps were transferred; 7 112' out to be high use items, by the end of the Fall and 15' USGS topographic maps of areas out- semester it was obvious that too few maps and side San Diego county were not. All remaining atlases had been transferred. As Map Librarian, wall maps, including CIA wall maps, were I could not respond efficiently and effectively to transferred because of their appropriateness for the many requests for map materials which had classroom presentations. National Geographic not been transferred. Society thematic sheet maps were also trans- ferred. The "historical" (i.e., all but the latest The Second Transfer of Materials available) collection of folded travel maps was Consequently, two new tasks were under- placed in one of the additional filing cabinets taken. Fist, moreroom in the Division reference moved into the reference area. area was made available for map materials. Most of the transferred sheet maps comprise Second, additional map materials were selected the "World, Continents, and Nations" maps. for transfer. These maps can be treated as a hscrete entity Additional shifting of ranges of shelves and because, unlike the rest of the map collection, tables in the reference area provided just enough they are arranged by acolor-codedclassification space for40 five-drawer map cases, stacked four scheme based on a hierarchy of largest to small- cases high and aligned in two rows of 10 stacks est area of map coverage. The "World, Conti- each, back to back. Space for additional filing nents, and Nations" maps include single maps, cabinets was also provided. Ongoing weeding maps issued in sets and, most significantly in of United States depository items provided terms of quantity, maps issued in series from enoughshelf space so that shifting of remaining both commercial vendors and governmentagen- items cleared two ranges of shelving for at- cies. lases and gazetteers. Very few of the "World, Continents, and The selection of additional maps and atlases Nations" maps are indexed, except for labels to transfer was based on a variety of factors. placedon folders used for separating maps in the First, the number of map cases which would fit map case drawers. The only way to determine in the reference area was limited to 40, includ- which maps comprise this collection is to open ing the four already in this area. Second, there the drawers and explore. The lack of indexing was general consensus among the Division's for these maps made it necessary to transfer all librarians that more maps of San Diego, Cali- of these maps because they were too difficult fornia, and Baja needed to be in the reference to page. spring 1994 91 Fortunately, most of the SDSU Library's sources include Maps for America: Carto- sheet maps and charts are issued as indexed graphic Products of the U.S. Geological Sur- federal depository items by the USGS, the vey and Others (third edition), Guide to U.S. National Ocean Service (NOS), and the De- Map Resources (second edition), The Map fense Mapping Agency (DMA). These items Catalog (third edition), Map User's Source- are filed either alphabetically or numerically book, and Cartographic Citations: A Style and thus are easy to page. Therefore, exclud- Guide. ing the latest and earliest USGS topographic The indexes supplement two electronic in- maps of the San Diego area, most of the deposi- dexes-Marcive GPO CATIPAC, aCD-ROM tory items were not transferred. The Division's version of the Monthly Catalog of United librarians agreed that they would learn to help States Government Publications which was in patrons use appropriateindexestoidenMyneeded use in the Government Publications Division depository maps and charts which were not prior to the merger, and the USGS Geographic transferred and that Division staff and the maps Names Information System (GNIS), which student assistant could be trained to page these was installed on one of the Division's stand- items on demand. alone public computers at the time of the To facilitate the paging of map materials, a merger. Although general in content and not substantial amount of shifting and re-labeling intended expressly to help identify depository of materials was required. The contents of the maps, searches of Marcive GPO CATIPAC sheet map cases and folded map files had to be can retrieve records for maps and publications arranged as effectively as possible so that containing maps. GNIS is more specific in Library personnel and patrons unfamiliar with content; it includes the USGS National Geu maps could find what they needed. The Divi- whicNames DataBasewhichpatronscansearch sion staff and maps student assistant were for 7 1/2' USGS topographic maps showing a trained to page map materials and instructions pamcular geographic feature (e.g., a mountain were written for them. summit, lake, or building). A total of 36 map cases were transferred by For the transferred atlases, there was a lim- professional movers in one morning. Thirty- ited number of shelving units available. Since two of these cases contain the "World, Conti- many of theatlases were too large-i.e.,greater nents, and Nations" collection. Two contain than 38 x 34 cm.-to shelve vertically, only a wall maps, CIA maps, and National Geo- few would fit horizontally on the available graphic Society thematic maps. Two contain shelves. Consequently, the largeratlases were San Diego area and California maps. transferred more selectively than the smaller Half of one of the tables in the Division's ones. reference area was designated for map-related Of the 1,000 atlases in the map collection at reference materials, most of which were trans- the time of the merger, approximately two- ferred. These materials include depository thirds were transferred to Government Publi- map and chart indexes, cartographic informa- cations & MapsReference,the book stacks,or tion sources, and French, German, Italian, discarded. The rest of the atlases, including Spanish, and Russian language dictionaries. both commercial and depository items, are all The indexes include Guide to USGS Geologic over-sized volumes expected to be low-use and Hydrologic Maps (1992 edition), Publi- items. Like the indexed depository sheet maps cations of the Geological Survey (yearly), and charts, these atlases are paged on demand. New Publications of the Geological Survey The results of transferring these additional (monthly), Geologic Map Index of States, materials were a revised reference policy for (states)Index to Topographic and Other Map the map collection and improved service to Coverage, (Defense Mapping Agency) Map patrons of this collection, who received items Depository Catalog, and Defense Mapping which were notreadily availablemore quickly. Agency Catalog of Maps, Charts,and Related The initial and revised map reference policies Products. The cartographic information are described in the following section. 92 special libraries Impact on Patrons: Reference als only when allowed to do so by a Division and Circulation Policies librarian. Maps were to bechecked out either for useduring a classroom presentation or for dupli- The map collection was once the property cation by some technique unavailable in the of the SDSU Geography Department. The SDSULibrary (e.g.,colorphotocopying,photo- Geography faculty thus have a vested inter- graphing, scanning). Maps leaving the building est in this collection. When they learned were rolled and, whenever possible, placed in that the Maps Curator would not be re- cardboard shipping tubes for protection. placed, several of them expressed their con- The transfer of additional map materials into cern about the map collection in a meeting the Government Publications & Maps Division with Library administration, the Govern- led to a revision of the map collection reference ment Publications & Maps Division Head, policy. Whereas the initial version of this policy and myself. They feared that access to the contained descriptionsof two possiblereference map collection would be denied them and steps, the revised reference policy for the map their students. collection contains descriptions of three steps. Although dismayed by SDSU's inability In the first step, the librarian on duty at the to hire a replacement for the Maps Curator Division's reference desk would provide, to the in the foreseeable future, the Geography best of his or her ability, necessary map rnateri- faculty did acknowledge that Library per- als for patrons using the transferred materials. In sonnel were striving to the make the best of the second step, the librarian on duty would help a difficult situation. They were assured that, patrons use indexes to identify needed maps; at least for the "core" materials transferred these would then be paged on demand with a to the Government Publications reference wait of only a few minutes. In the third step, area, access would actually be increased patrons requiring additional map reference as- because three full-time librarians would pro- sistance are asked to fill out requests for other vide more (i.e., 59 vs. 42.5) hours of service map materials. These requests are then for- per week during the academic year. They warded to me. Due to the transfer of additional were also assured that maps would still circu- map materials, there have been very few of these late for classroom presentations and most dupli- requests. cating purposes. These assurances were incor- The map collection circulation policy was porated into the map collection reference and also revised. Whereas the initial version of this circulation policies, respectively (see below). policy contained no restriction as to who could Finally, the faculty was assured that efforts were check out maps, the revised reference policy being made to improve remote electronic access restricts map circulation to patrons with SDSU to map collection records. Library borrowing privileges. These privileges The initial version of the reference policy are granted to SDSU students, faculty, and staff; contained descriptions of two possible steps. In they are made available for a fee to SDSU the fust step, the librarian on duty at the Division's "guests." This change explicitly acknowledged reference desk would provide, to the best of his our primary patrons and made the map collec- or her ability, necessary map materials for pa- tion circulation policy consistent with the trons using just the "core" map collection. In the Library's general circulation policy because second step, patrons were asked to fill out re- patrons leaving the Library with map materials quests for other map materials, potentially part must pass through a Central Circulation check- of the non-core map collection. These requests point. were my responsibility. I responded to these requests within two working days. As previ- Impact on Patrons: Electronic Access ously noted, this reference service policy was inadequate to meet our patrons' needs. There have been two projects to enhance The initial version of the circulation policy electronic access to map materials for patrons. stated that patrons could check out map materi- The fust project, begun by the Maps Curamand spring 1994 93 completed 10 months after the merger, was the otherwise may not have known existed and atlas cataloging project to create Library OPAC thus discover these useful sources of informa- records for all atlases in the map collection. As tion. Librarians working in other divisions of it turned out, some of these atlas titles already the Library will be able to identify specific had OPAC records because they were dupli- map collection items and thus make more cates of copies in the Library's General Refer- informed map collection referrals. ence Division or the book stacks. These titles only needed to have item- (e.g., edition-) Conclusion specific information added to their online bibliographicrecords. The location for atlases The merger of the SDSU Library's Gov- in the map collection displays on the OPAC ernment Publications and Maps Divisions either "Gov Pubs Maps," for transferred items, was undertaken to maintain patron access to or "Ask at Gov Pubs" for non-transferred the Library's map collection and keep the items. Library's depository status intact despite The second project, begun soon after the the loss of personnel. Had this not occurred, atlas cataloging project was completed, is the patron access to this collection would have map series cataloging project to create Li- either ceased or been provided without any brary OPAC records for map series in the map reference assistance. Since few of our pa- collection. The map series initially selected trons have prior experience using the for this project are those comprising the non- Library's map collection, providing access indexed "World, Continents, and Nations" without any reference assistance would have maps. The location for these map series dis- had essentially the same result as pretend- plays on the OPAC "Gov Pubs Maps." The ing that the collection didn't exist. The call number for each series displays "MAP decision to merge divisions was the correct DRAWER-
The author would like to express his gratitude to Muriel Strickland, SDSU Library's Maps Curator, for her patience while working with him during the hectic months preceding her retirement. The author would also like to thank Marianne Nielsen for duties performed as half- time maps staffperson and Terry Ventura and Sharon Watsonfor their work on the atlas and map series cataloging projects. In addition, the author would like to commend Scott MacComb for work above and beyond the call of a student assistant.
Bruce Harley is a Senior Assistant Librarian in the Government Publications 8, Maps Division, Son Diego State University Library. Within this Division, he is responsible for the United Nations and maps collections and electronic media. He is also the Coordinator of Electronic Information Services for the Library.
spring 1994 Resume Items for Special and Academic Librarians by Kay Womack & Tyler Goldberg
The purpose of this study was to determine resume items important to special librarians and to compare the results with Gaughan's study of resume essentials for the academic librarian. Directors of special libraries in Kentucky were asked to rate the relative importance of 45 items that could be included in a special librarian's resume. Points of agreement and disagreement are discussed.
ne of the most important parts of the job the literature on resume construction: (1) lack 0 search process for applicants is the prepa- of knowledge about the data that is most ration of materials required by the institution important to an employer, (2) what data to in response to its vacancy notice. A quick exclude in the interest of brevity, and (3) that review of job advertisements reveals some resumes must be tailored to match the kind of variation in what applicants are asked to sub- institution in which an applicant hopes to mit. Dewey, however, points out, "Most pro- work.6 ~lthou~hnumerous articles and books fessional library openings require a resume have appeared since 1980 to aid librarians in from the applicant."' Much has been written constructing resumes, the authors noticed that about the importance of submitting a care- Gaughan's study had not been replicated to fully prepared resume and the common errors determine if the same resume items continued that applicants make in resumes they submit to be important over time in academic librar- when applying for jobs as professional librar- ies or if they were important in other types of ians. While some books and articles give libraries. applicants an idea of what is important to When the authors were asked to address the include in a resume, most of these sources are Special Library Association/Kentucky Chap- not based on original resear~h.~One research- ter and Kentucky Library Association/Special based study conducted by Thomas Gaughan Libraries Section Conference in April 1991 focused on the essential items that academic regarding job hunting strategies and applica- librarians should include in their resume^.^ In tion tips, they were not certain that Gaughan's his study Gaughan sought "to identify the findings or their own views and experience in elements of information in a resume that are of academic libraries would be applicable to spe- greatest importance and interest to academic cial libraries. To gather additional background libraries seeking to fill vacant position^."^ information for their presentation, they de- When Gaughan conducted his study, he indi- cided to use the first part of Gaughan's 1980 cated that the consensus on resume construc- study to survey special libraries in Kentucky tion was limited to "completeness, concise- regarding the essential items that should be ness and brevity."' He also noted that the included in a resume when applying for a following problems had not been addressed in position in a special library.7
96 Co~ighto 1994 spml Libraries Assockf~n special libraries Methodology previous supervisors. Those which received the lowest mean importance rating were items Surveys were sent to the directors of all such as race, marital status, sex, and other special libraries in Kentucky, bringing the personal information. survey population to 101 libraries. Included in While those who responded to the survey the survey were all libraries coded as medical, generally rated all the resume items, not special,government, religious, law,andarmed everyone answered the questions in part 2. forces in the Kentucky section of the American The questions were: Library Directory. 1. Do you ask applicants to include ref- The survey consisted of two parts. Section erences as part of their application? one asked respondents to rate the relative im- If yes, how do you solicit them, by portance (4, very important, 1, not important) letter or telephone call? of 45 items applicants could include in their 2. In addition to a cover letter and re- resumes when they applied for jobs in special sume, do you require placement files libraries. To Gaughan's original list of 43 or transcripts? items, the authors added continuing educa- 3. Do you require an ALA-accredited tionlconference attendance and committee ser- MLS for your professional librarian vice (work and/or professional).8 To ensure positions? that the results were not affected by the order 4. Wheredo you typically advertise your of the items, three different versions of the professional librarian position open- same list were used in the survey. Section two ings? included questions which were designed to Of 57 responses to question number one, elicit information about special libraries' ap- 81 % indicated that references were solicited plication requirements regarding placement as part of the application; 19%did not require files, transcripts, and references. Respondents references. For those that solicited references, were also asked if an ALA-accredited MLS some used both methods, 42% used letters, was required and which sources they used to and 58% used telephone calls. advertise vacancies. Of 50 responses to the first part of question number two, 88% of the employers did not Results require placement files and 12% used place- ment files. Fifty-four responses were received Seventy responses were received, of which to the second part of this question. Fifty-nine 61 were valid, providing a response rate of percent of the employers did not require tran- 60%. Some respondents did not complete the scripts; 41% used them. survey but returned it with notes explaining Of 58 responses to question three, 41% that their answers probably wouldn't be help- required an ALA-accredited MLS and 59% ful because "this is a one person library" or did not require this degree. Some noted that an "your questionnaire does not really pertain to ALA-accredited MLS was preferred, but not our all-volunteer operation." required. One respondent indicated that his/ Table 1 on pages 100 -101 lists the survey her library hired personnel who were pursuing results of resume items in order of importance a library degree. (4, very important, 1, not important). Question four asked respondents to check As Table 1 shows, the items which received from a list of eight items where theirjobs were the highest mean importance rating were tele- typically advertised. Almost all 57 respon- phone number, previous experience in librari- dents checked multiple sources. The follow- anship, dates of employment in previous posi- ing list, arranged in descending order, indi- tions, brief description of duties in previous cates the number of responses for each item. positions, current address, colleges and uni- Internal postings: 36 versities attended, list of references, perma- Newspapers: 3 1 nent address, career objectives, and names of [local 23; national 51 spring 1994 97 Library schools: 18 if he or she does not appear to meet the Professional/scholarly journals: 16 requisite minimum years of experience. Job hotlines: 15 Because the duties associated with the job [national 8; statelo; local 41 title vary among institutions, applicants Professional school should include a brief description of duties. placement offices: 13 This also aids in assessing the applicant's Employment agencies: 3 experience relative to the job requirements. Elecmnic bulletin boards/ Inclusion of a list of references is some- listsems: 2 times overlooked by applicants, butbecause Additional sources of advertisements 8 1% of the directors in this survey indicated which respondents listed included an in-house that they solicit references as part of the newsletter, civil service postings, the Fed- application, applicants should include a list eralRegister, word of mouth, Kentucky state of references when they are requested. government,and an institutionalmove sheet. Although some individuals rated personal One respondent also noted that it contacted items as important, most personal items fell agencies and private firms in the same field to the bottom of the list. Some respondents who might employ persons with the required noted specific items as illegal while others skills. rated the same items as highly important. In fact, one respondent indicated that "some Discussion items on the list are both very important and unimportant . . . we like to encourage mi- Most of the resume items that received norities and females whenever possible, yet the highest and lowest ratings in Table 1 are I don't think there's a place for this infor- not very surprising. A few, however, are mation on the resume." Since most respon- unexpected. Although the respondents rated dents who rated these items as highly im- career objectives as important, the authors portant offered no explanation, the authors have found that such statements on resumes question whether all special libraries are often do not match the job for which the subject to federal regulations governing applicant has applied and they believe that Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity they are of little value. Social security num- Employment. Since any employer subject ber also received a high rating, but the to these federal regulations is precluded authors question whether it actually be- from using personal information in the hir- longs on the resume. Some respondents may ing process, applicants would be well ad- have rated it as very important because it is vised to leave this information off the re- required on an internal application form. sume. One comment, which indicated that neither Some applicants forward placement files citizenship nor social security number be- and/or transcripts even if they are not re- longs on the resume but on the application quested as part of an application. The re- form, supports the authors' conclusion. sults of this survey show that the majority of Of the items which received a high mean employers require neither placement files nor importance rating, dates of employment, a transcripts, suggesting that applicants do not brief description of duties, and a list of need to send them unless they are requested. references are worth emphasizing. An ad- Internal postings and newspapers are the vertisement for an opening will typically most common sources used to advertise jobs. include the requirements that must be met Due to the extent that directors used internal and will specify the materials for applicants postings to advertise vacancies, special li- to submit. Many positions require a specific brarians may need to contact some potential number of years of experience, and when a employers directly. Of those respondents resume does not include dates of employ- who advertised in newspapers, 23 specifi- ment, an applicant can be eliminatedquickly cally indicated local newspapers. They may 98 speciul libraries be valuable sources for those who are place names of previous supervisors, tenure in pre- bound or who are seeking special library vious positions, specialization in library school, positions in a specific geographical area. and permanent address. Resume items that seem to be more impor- Comparison of Authors' tant for academic librarians are: full chrono- and Gaughan's Studies logical accounting for time after completion of education; years that degrees were awarded; Table 2 on pages 101-102 provides a com- awards, honors, and scholarships received; parison of the results of the authors' survey of complete list of applicant's publications; of- special libraries in Kentucky with the results fices held in professional organizations; salary of Gaughan's survey of academic librarie~.~ requirements; and foreign language skills. One should take care not to draw too many The comparison indicates that tenure in pre- conclusions from this comparison, given the vious positions is more important to special differences in the populations studied. librarians than academic librarians. The au- Gaughan's survey population consisted of the thors question how the two groups surveyed 54 members of the ACRL Discussion Group have defined "tenure" and whether special of Personnel Officers of Research Libraries, a library respondents may have interpreted it in national organization.10 The authors surveyed terms of length of timeemployedrather than as the directors of 101 special libraries in Ken- contractual employment in a tenure-granting tucky. Thus, their results represent only one academic institution. Of theother itemsranked state. Nevertheless, there may be some benefit higher by special library respondents, special- to discussing the results. ization in library school might provide em- While the order is different, the same items ployers with an assessment of a candidate's are ranked in the top six in both surveys. In strength for employment in aparticular typeof fact, seven of the first 10 items are the same on special library. Applicants would also be wise both lists. This comparison demonstrates that to include names of previous supervisors in there are some points of agreement between their references, due to their importance to special and academic libraries regarding what special librarians. is important and not important to include in a Of those items of more importance to aca- resume. Items that rank high on both lists demic librarians,someareobviously related to include telephone number, previous experi- academic institutions which require research, ence in librarianship, dates of employment in professional development, and service. Of- previous positions, brief description of duties fices held in professional organizations,mem- in previous positions, current address, col- berships in honorary societies, publications leges and universities attended, and list of and awards, honors, and scholarships are fre- references. Certainly, this indicates that both quently part of an academic librarian's special and academic library employers ex- workload, particularly those employed in ten- pect resumes to include these items. ure track institutions. Foreign language exper- Although the items are ranked in a different tise is often required in academic libraries order, personal information, such as marital which collect foreign language resources. status, age and/or date of birth, sex, and race, is consistently found at the bottom of both Conclusion lists. This suggests that personal information can be left off the resume. In fact, Dewey noted While the comparison of resume items for that some library employers block any poten- special and academic librarians is not conclu- tially discriminatory personal items on re- sive, Table 2 suggests some points of agree- sumes before the search committee receives ment about resume items that academic and the applications.' ' special library employers consider important Resume items that seem to be more impor- and unimportant. Although this comparison tant to special librarians are: career objectives, indicates that there may be some differences in spring 1994 99 what special and academic library employers employers; therefore, applicants for positions expect an applicant to include in a resume, the in either type of library would be wise to results suggest that some items are consistent include these elements in a resume. Likewise, regardless of the type of library. in the interest of brevity, applicants can ex- This study also addressed some of Gaughan's clude the personal items that fell to the bottom observations concerning a lack of information of the list in each survey. in the literature on resumecon~truction.'~Tele- Some differences were found in the expec- phone number, previous experience in librari- tations of special and academic library em- anship, dates of employment in previous posi- ployers regarding the content of a resume, tions, brief description of duties in previous which supports Gaughan's view that one's re- positions, address, colleges and universities sume should be adapted to fit each organiza- attended, and list of references received high tion. l3 Applicants for positions in only special or ratings from both academic and special library academic libraries should note thesedifferences.
TABLE 1 Items in the Special Librarian's Resume and Mean Importance Rating
Mean Importance Rating
1. Telephone number 3.74 2. Previous experience in librarianship 3.66 3. Dates of employment in previous positions 3.56 4. Brief description of duties in previous positions 3.48 5. Current address 3.44 6. Colleges and universities attended 3.44 7. List of references 3.38 8. Permanent address 3.18 9. Career objectives 3.18 10. Names of previous supervisors 3 .O7 11. Social security number 3.00 12. Tenure in previous positions 2.99 13. Previous experience in other occupations 2.99 14. Specialization in library school 2.93 15. Full chronological accounting for time after completion of education 2.87 16. Research interests 2.86 17. Continuing educatiodconferenceattendance 2.82 18. Memberships in professional organizations 2.74 19. Years degrees awarded 2.74 20. Physical limitations 2.69 21. Awards, honors, and scholarships received 2.64 22. State of health 2.61 23. Complete list of applicant's publications 2.59 24. Offices held in professional organizations 2.54 25. Salary requirements 2.52 26. Transcript from library school 2.51 specia/ libraries Mean Importance Rating
27. Committee service (work and/or professional) 28. Transcripts from other institutions 29. Citizenship 30. Grade point average 3 1. Foreign language skills 32. Memberships in honorary societies 33. Memberships/involvement in community/social organizations 34. Hobbies, leisure interests 35. Class standing 36. Age and/or date of birth 37. Military experience 38. Photograph 39. Marital status 40. Number of dependents 41. Sex 42. Height and weight 43. Race 44. Religion 45. Spouse's occupation
TAB1E 2 Resume Items Comparison of Special and Academic Librarians
Ranking Special Academic Telephone number 1 3 Previous experience in librarianship 2 1 Dates of employment in previous positions 3 4 Brief description of duties in previous positions 4 5 Current address 5 2 Colleges and universities attended 6 6 List of references (names, address, phone) 7 10 Permanent address 8 16 Career objectives 9 18 Names of previous supervisors 10 21 Social security number 11 30 Tenure in previous positions 12 22 Previous experience in other occupations 13 11 Specialization in library school 14 23 Full chronological accounting for time after completion of education 15 9 Research interests 16 20 Continuing education/conference attendance 17 NM Memberships in professional organizations 18 17 Years degrees awarded 19 7 spring 1994 701 Ranking Special Academic Physical limitations Awards, honors, and scholarships received State of health Complete list of applicant's publications Offices held in professional organizations Salary requirements Transcript from library school Committee service (work and/or professional) Transcripts from other institutions Citizenship Grade Point Average Foreign language skills Memberships in honorary societies Memberships/involvement in community/social organizations Hobbies, leisure interests Class standing Age and/or date of birth Military experience Photograph Marital status Number of dependents Sex Height and weight Race Religion Spouse's occupation
Notes Iml=NotMeaMed Ranking for special librarians is based on the authors' research on resume essentials with Kentucky special libraries. Ranking far academic lilxabm is based on Gaughan, 'Ihomas, 'Resume Essentials for the Academic Lii'College & Reseurch Libraries 41 (no.2): 124 (March 1980).
References Dewey, Barbara I. Library Jobs: How to Fill Them, How to Find Them. Phoenix: Oryx Press, 1987. p.62
Hillard, James M. "Advice From an Employer to Applicants." American Libraries 12: 559 (October 1981). Careers in Information, Jane F. Spivack, ed. White Plains, NY: Knowledge Industry Publications, Inc., 1982. Dewey. Wong, Clark C. "Job Search: Strategies to Improve Your Success Rate." Ohio Media Spectrum 40: 40-43 (Spring 1988). Goldberg, Tyler and Kay Womack. "Academic Applicants: Make a Good First 102 special librcrries Impression." College & Research Libraries News 51(no. 8): 701-705 (September 1990).
Gaughan, Thomas M. "Resume Essentials for the Academic Librarian." College & Research Libraries 41(no. 2): 122-127 (March 1980).
Ibid., p. 123.
Ibid., p. 122.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 122-127.
Ibid., p. 124.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 123.
Dewey, p. 63.
Gaughan, p. 122.
Ibid.
Kay Womack is Head of the Reference Department in Ekstrom Library at the University of Louisville in Louisville, KY. Tyler Goldberg is Head of the Serials Department in Ekstrom Library at the University of Louisville in Louisville, KY.
spring 1994 The National and University Library in Zagreb: The Goal is Known-How Can it be Attained? by L ailu Mile tic- Veizovic
IThis general overview of the state of libraries and their resources in Croatia is based on personal professional ex erience. Having recently become an independent sovereign state, devastate B by a war which has not come yet to an end, Croatia is faced with many challenges. Among them remains the vital question of the management of information and information systems. As custodian of a good portion of the national cultural heritage, Croatian librarianship in the approaching century of global interdependence must be more clearly defined and become more focused in order to provide guidelines for addressing the current and future needs of information sharing, resource sharing, and accessibility to Croatian National Collections. The National and University Library (NUL) has taken a leadership role in this area. The implementation of an integrated automated library system is in progress, but the infrastructure is still weak and this presents the biggest problem for searching the various bibliographic databases and making the national heritage accessible to the rest of the world.
Introduction The devastation wrought by the war in Croatia was everywhere. Libraries and their In March 1992 I traveled tozagreb, Croatia, collections had not been spared. Wheels had on a grant from Washington State University. stopped turning in most institutions. Remark- My plan was to meet with colleagues at the ably, the NUL in Zagreb had closed only for National and University Library (NUL), to one day since the beginning of the war in July survey their resources and their state of pres- 1991. ervation, and to survey the bibliographic or- It is a mark of the new state's commitment ganization and control of library material, to the preservation of its cultural heritage that, library automation, etc. The region's military in the midst of all this turmoil, construction on and political unrest postponed my mp more the new library building has continued as than once before I was finally able to travel to originally planned. In addition, work on the Croatia. In the meantime I applied for a implementation of an integrated automated Fulbright Award and was selected. Thus, at system, CROLIST, has been in full swing at the endof September 1992 Ireturned toCroatia the NUL. At the outbreak of the war the most to lecture in library science at the NUL. precious NUL holdings+ld material impor-
Copyright O 1994 Spetml libraries Arwhtiin special libraries tant for the national cultural heritage, e.g. early a blow to Americans to have their origml copy of medieval and renaissance manuscripts and the Declaration of Independence destroyedAt codices, incunabula, and the rich collection of such destruction alone could not erase that docu- old Croatian editions-were immediately stored ment from human consciousness. CIoatian cul- and removed to a safe, remote location. Some me, however, is not widely disseminated or cop of the valuable and notable manuscripts and ied-for centuries, Croats have had to live and books (dating from the 16th century to the first work under the control of peoples indifferent or half of the 19th century) still remaining at the actively hostile to their culm, and have therefore NUL have been put in special water- and fire- had to struggle toacquire the very means of cultural resistant metal trunks, purchased from Ger- wonand transmission that peoples with a many.' Despite the backdrop of the war, every- long of independence rake for granted. day work appeared to proceed as usual, and Much has already been lost through wars and librarians canied on their normal duties, all the other accidents of history. Now, at a time when time fearing the worst, preparing for the worst, civilization possesses unparalleled means of re- but hoping for the best. production, transmission, and storageand thewill Librarians have traditionally guarded and pre- to use them, it is bitterly ironic that in so many served the written word. Now they watched casesall wecan do atpresentis bear witness to the helplessly as vast portions of the Croatian liter- destruction of so many priceless documents. It is ary heritage were destroyed by the war. Dis- no accident that, from the very start of the war, hearteningly, in many cases theonly thing left to heavy weapons have been trained on Croatian do was to record and collect data on the war's libraries. destruction; an enormous amount of energy has been and continues to be devoted to disseminat- Croatian Liraries on Target ing data and information gathered on the de- struction and damage inflicted by the war. At If there was everany doubt that Croatian librar- least in this respect, 1992was extremely produc- ies have been actively targeted, the data so pin- tive in publishing activities as the NUL pro- fully obtained should suffice to dispel it. Pub- duced many valuable sources which document lished guides are testimonies of intentional and the war, its damage, and its horror. barbaric destruction of Croatian literary heri- As the emerging Eastern European nations are tage. largely defined and validated by their cultural Wisely, many precious and old rare books history, the destruction of their heritage assumes and manuscripts were stored elsewhere at the a political and emotional dimension alien to the outbreak of the war in 1991. Art treasures American experience. It would, for example, be were hidden and many successfully taken Some Croatian li- brary collections have been com- pletely ruinedduring the war, including the collection of the public library in Vinkovci.
spring 1994 The Goal is Known- How Can it be Attained?
This is a historical moment for Croatia, a newly independent country with a young, emerging democracy. It is also a historical moment for librarianship in Croatia, a perfect time for the NUL to take a leadership role. Centralism, although it is not looked upon favorably by the Croatians due to its roots with Communism, is required for the libraries in Croatia to avoid total chaos. Uniformity and standards are essential for information and resource sharing, not only within Croatia but across international borders. TheNUL has started to develop the necessary standards, (subject headings, a manual for rare book cataloging, various thesauri, etc.), and to fol- low most of the international standards,codes, This badly damaged research library in and rules (all of the International Standardfor Dubrovnik is one of the casualties of the Book Description (ISBD) codes, Universal Croatian war. Machine Readable Cataloging format (UNIMARC), Universal Decimal Classifica- across the Adriatic Sea to Italy. But there was tion (UDC), US MARC codes for relator terms, still great loss, as many libraries suffered com- country codes, language codes, geographic plete damage or destruction. Some art was codes, etc.). Its main role is now to come simply stolen by Serbs (e.g.. The Bauer Art forward, enforce them and communicate them Collection from ~ukovar).~ to the rest of the libraries throughout Croatia. The collected data chronicles the destruc- Another major task facing the NUL is to estab- tion of 210 libraries,including 10 research, 19 lish a library network with the remaining li- memorial, one monastery, 10 parish, 13 spe- braries in Croatia. A national on-line catalog cial, 33 public, 29 secondary school, and 93 was never produced-for better or worse-in primary school libraries. Some library hold- the former Yugoslavia, so the NUL has to start ings have been completely ruined, including practically from scratch. the collection of the public library in Vinkovci The NUL's main goal is to make Croatia's and the collection of the Interuniversity Cen- rich literary heritage immediately accessible ter in Dubrovnik. The buildings in which to researchers and scholars across intema- these libraries were situated were burnt down. tional borders. And in the long run, modem In addition, a number of school libraries and technology offers many powerful and cost- the library of the monastery in Cuntic suffered effective means of overcoming many of damage to their collections. The extent of the Croatia's basic library problems. The applica- destruction of libraries and their holdings tions that are being developed in ORACLE cannot yetbe fully documented becausemany can be used by other libraries provided they are located in areas which are still o~cupied.~ have the necessary technology and telecom- As destruction raged through the country, munications. This is the first precondition for librarians at the NUL tried to form logical, or a computerized library network in Croatia. at least attainable, priorities and to act on But the nation's library infrastructure, which them. At the end of 1991 they had a well- has never been strong, has suffered greatly defined goal but no adequate funding to from the war. Without some outside funding, achieve it. the NUL will not be able to achieve its goals. 106 special libraries Another obstacle to the NUL's goals is the Elegant yet simple carvings enhance abrupt change in priorities for the some 210 the exterior. The "Allegories of Sciences" libraries either partially damaged or totally frieze, quite appropriate for a library, is placed destroyed during the war. They are faced with high up on the back of the building. It is the different challenges: to find new buildings work of a famous Croatian sculptor, Franges and equipment for their operations and collec- Mihanovic, who was trained in Vienna under tions, repair the damage, clean and restore Rodin (1901).~The interior is as grand as the what they can of their materials, shelve them, exterior. Well-known painters from the pe- assess the damage, seek donations, etc. For such riod contributed their works. An original libraries, automation has been pushed to a very fresco, 'The Development of Croatian Cul- low position on the list of priorities.4 And the ture," by the well-known painter Vlaho ranks of such libraries is likely to grow, because Bukovac, decorates the main reading room. the destruction is still taking place. Still, for the The NUL houses numerous fundamental librarians of the NUL, bringing Croatia's whole works from all the fields of sciences and arts, system of libraries into the modem world. re- many in languages other than Croatian. All of mains the highest priority, and they hope to find its holdings are public. Prominent among its the means to achieve it. 2,500,000 items are manuscripts, codices, old and rare books, not only Croatian but also The National and University Library those from other South-Slav nations. (See Major Titles from the NUL Collection on p. The National and University Library (NUL) 108). It is well known for its fine and unique is the central library of the Republic of Croatia. special collections: It has been functioning and expanding for nearly Rare Books and Manuscripts; four centuries under various names.' The NUL Metropolitana (a remarkable collec- has occupied its present building since 19 13. tion of 60,000 titles owned by the This monumental structure with its stylizedelon- Bishop Diocese of Zagreb which in- gated division of windows through the entire cludes 150 codices, 242 incunabula, facade of the building is a masterpiece of a 1,470 titles from the 16th century, famous Croatian architect Rudolf Lubinsky 3,000 from the 17th century, etc. (19 12).~Its elongated forms characteristic of Some manuscripts beautifully illu- secessionist design are used here to link the minated with scenes from the clerk's window openings, resulting in a monumental- life and work, intended for law stu- ity akin to that of expressionist architecture. dents in Bologna, are in the posses- Its immense copper dome and impressive sion of the Zagreb Metropolitana Li- simplicity form a perfect link between seces- brary .); sionist and expressionist architecture. Prints and Drawings Collection; Music Collection; and Collection of Official Publications (from foreign countries and interna- tional organizations). The degree of professionalism among librarians at theNUL is very high. They all try to stay abreast of the latest developments in library science and are active in scholarly research and contribute to Croatian librarian- ship through publishing and presenting pa- pers at national and internationalconferences. They are especially active in International Federation of Library Associations and Insti- TheNational and UniversityLibrary in Zagreb. tutions (IFLA) related activities. spring 1994 107 The NUL's Mission
As the national library of Croatia, the NUL is the center of the Library and Infor- mation System of Croatia and the leader for 1. The oldest Croatian Glagolitic book Misal po the development of all library activities in zakonu rimkog dvora (Missale Romanum glagolitice) printed in 1483 in Venice. The sig- Croatia. Processing of library materials has nificance of this book is that it was not only the been automated, and the implementation of first printed glagolitic book, but also the first an integrated automated system, CROLIST, church book printed in a vernacular tongue. is in process. In addition, the NUL issues both the current and the retrospective na- 2. Razzi. Serafin. 1535-1611. LA storia di Ravgia. tional bibliography, and must pay special 7he first printed history of Dubrovnik. attention to preservation of library materi- als. As a national library--due to a deposi- 3. Stjepan ~radi;(1613-1683), a librarian at the tory law-the NUL is responsible for col- Vatican Library, who wrote a biography of his cousins Junije ~almotiiand Peter o en lid-4e lecting and preserving: vita ingenio et studiis Junii Palmottae-as an All printed material published in introductiontoPalmotid's KristQada,Rome 1670. Croatia; Biography of Petar BeneTi;, Vita PetriBenessae. Manuscripts and papers of prominent individuals in Croatia; 4. Valentinelli. Giuseppe, 1805-1874. Bibliograjia Manuscript material that relates to della Dalmazia et del Montenegro,Zagreb, 1855, with a supplement, Supplementi. 1862. Croatia; Works by Croatian authors published in other countries; and 5. A famous manuscript Catalogus auihorumseu Foreign works that relate to ~roatia.~ scriptorum ex religiosis ordinis s. Pauli, by Nikola Benger (1695-1766). a professor of philosophy and theology and a scientist. Processing of the Library's Resources
6. KGeliE. Adam Baltazar. 1715-1778. Scriptorum The NUL wants to have an integrated ex Regno Sclnvoniae a saecdo XIV usque ad XVttt inclusive collectio, Varaidin, 1774. automated system for all of its library func- tions in place and implemented by the end of 1994, when it plans to move into a new 7. Personal papers and correspondence of Adam building. Both spatially and technologically, Alojzije Ban&& (1756-1806). who was a pro- fessor in Zagreb. His manuscript material for the it is planned as a modern library with dual history of Croatian literature Historia literaria functions-a national and a university li- Croatiae was neverpublished. His famous manu- brary. Toward this goal, library automation scripCataloguslibranunZagrabiaeimpressorum ordine chronologico (The Chronology of Books in the NUL has exhibited some dynamic Printed in Zagreb from 1690-1800). His papers developments in the last few years. These and manuscripts represent very rich research improvements have resulted in the reorga- material for the literature of Croatian Latinism, and an important resource forthe study of Croatian nization of library material processing.'0 regional literature. By February 1991 the Authority Control department was established as a separate 8. ~ukuljevii,Ivan Sakcinski, 1815-1889. unit. Subsequently. other departments- Bibliografija hrvatska (Croatian Bibliography published in 1860, and followed by a supplement Accession, Cataloging of Monographs, Bib- in 1863). The fitmajor bibliographical work liographies of Monographs and Journal Ar- which coversthe time period form the first printed ticles, and Classification-followed. Croatian book (The Missal According to the Laws ofRome, 1483) to books published through 1860. The NUL develops library applications in Ivan Sakcinski Kukuljevid donated his entire li- ORACLE, which is based on the relational brary to the NUL. database language, Structured Query Lan- guage or SQL, an ANSI standard 4th gen- special libraries eration language. l1 These applications are raphy of Journal Articles includes individual used by other libraries in Croatia as a pre- detailed entries for every article, listed in condition for a computerized library net- alphabetical order by entry and arranged by work of Croatia. main entry. In addition, they are arranged Cataloging rules are based on a manual by broad subject categories to facilitate ac- prepared by Dr. Eva Verona, National Rules cess, and also have subject and author indi- for Creation ofLibrary Catalogues (equiva- ces. The bibliographies are published sev- lent to AACR2). ISBD rules for description eral times a year as needed; at present they and punctuation are also applied. Prussian exist only in printed format. rules were applied until 1975 for books and The NUL does not yet have acceptable until 1978 for serials. For entering and cre- subject headings for subject cataloging. ating bibliographic records in ORACLE, Thus, subject headings are not yet being UNIMARC (machine readable cataloging assigned to bibliographic records. However, format developed and adopted by IFLA) is authorized subject headings are being cre- used. This is equivalent to USMARC. ated and developed. When completed, the For printed material, the Universal Deci- subject headings manual will follow an hi- mal Classification (UDC) is applied. Since erarchic order, with the corresponding sub- the book stacks are off-limits to patrons, the ject headings, subdivisions,cross references, material is not shelved according to UDC etc., and the subject authority file will be numbers but rather by the so-called automated under the responsibility of the "signatura." The "signatura" is a number Authority Control Department. Subject given according to specific existing rules headings will be added retroactively to the which are based on the format, i.e. size of an existing bibliographic records. It was a pleas- item, and which are assigned in a consecu- ant surprise to see that the Medical Library tive order (numerus currens) from a group of the Medical School has simply adopted of numbers. Books and journals are then the Medical Subject Headings (MESH) pub- shelved according to the "signatura." This lished by the National Medical Library in means that the books are shelved and Bethesda, MD. grouped together by their size, i.e. 16 to 20 Presently, an application for serials con- cm, 20 to 25 cm, etc. trol is being developed in CROLIST. A The only exception to this order is the kardex-a manual catalog of serial hold- reference collection, which is shelved in the ings including decisions-has been used open public area and available for brows- for serials control in the past. ing. Accordingly, the reference collection is shelved by the UDC numbers. The use of My Fulbright Project ISBD, UDC, UNIMARC, and Verona's cata- loging facilitates resource sharing. By fol- The timing for my Fulbright Award lowing the universal standards and catalog- was perfect. Upon my return in Fall 1992, ing rules, Croatian library holdings will the NUL's director asked me to direct and become accessible. consult on the project of creating and Bibliographic processing takes place in entering bibliographic records for the rare three major departments: Cataloging, Cur- printed material in CROLIST. This mate- rent National Bibliography, and Retrospec- rial represents the Croatian National Col- tive National Bibliography, which also in- lection. cludes manuscripts. In the National Bibli- Preparations for creating bibliographic ography, or the Croatica, separate volumes electronic records for this group of material list monographs and journal articles. Since started in the 1980s. Even then, the NUL's 1984. Cataloguing in Publication (CIP) librarians were well aware that only by records have been provided for every item following internationally accepted standards published in Croatia. The National Bibliog- could the rare printed material be cataloged spring 1994 109 and made accessible not only in Croatia but International Permanent also throughout the international library Exhibition of Publications community. Therefore, they accepted and followed the International Standard for the During my sojourn in Zagreb, I was able Bibliographic Description (ISBD) codes, in to visit some other libraries and institutes in this case the International Standard for the the city. While visiting the Information and Bibliographic Description of Antiquarian Sciences Institute I learned about the Inter- Book Material -ISBD(A). national Permanent Exhibition of Publica- Automation of the rare book collection tions (ISIP). The ISIP is unique among the was delayed until the beginning of 1990. exhibiting institutions of the world in that it Its start coincided with the publication of is aimed at presenting and promoting world the second revised edition of ISBD(A). literature from all spheres of human knowl- Fortunately, this also coincided with the edge and activities. Since its establishment implementation of the new integrated au- in 1951, ISIP has obtained, processed, and tomated system CROLIST at the NUL. exhibited more than 220,000 books and The bibliographic file in CROLIST had the 10,000 periodical titles. In this way, ISIP features necessary to incorporate and in- has become an unequaled exhibiting collec- dex fields for rare book cataloging. How- tion of foreign publications, providing per- ever, these demands required modifica- manent access to sources of relevant infor- tions to the UNIMARC format. Therefore, mation for scientists,professionals, and stu- the NUL suggested the addition of special dents.14 genre terms codes for the old material to The exhibiting collection of ISIP is fur- IF LA.'^ nished by more than 1,000 publishers from In Spring 1992, the original cataloging some 30 countries on five continents. Pub- for rare books began in CROLIST. This also lishers are expected to send their publica- coincided with my return in the fall. The tions free of charge. In return, ISIP bears all following months were filled with lecturing the expenses regarding processing and ex- and consulting on descriptive cataloging hibiting of publications.'5 and access points with strong emphasis on special files, working closely with the rare Conclusion books and special collections librarian, and acting in the capacity of a consultant for the The groundwork has been laid for a Na- NUL's automated system and providing tional Bibliographic Database and planning is much needed professional assistance and in its final stages. However, many obstacles experience. remain. Croatia has yet to emerge completely The grant ended with a two-day seminar free from the war. One third of its temtory is on "Standardization of Bibliographic Orga- still occupied and is inaccessible. nization and Control for Rare and Old While the NUL is progressing with the Printed Material" which was open to all rare implementation of its integrated automated books and special collections librarians in library system CROLIST, many libraries are Croatia. Most were able to participate in still coping with the challenges of damage and spite of the fact that one third of Croatian destruction inflicted on their buildings and territories were still occupied by Serbian holdings. These libraries also experienced paramilitary forces. My seminar paper fo- heavy losses of expensive and scarce equip- cused on the development of American rules, ment. They are in desperate need of new standards, and manuals for bibliographic quarters, titles, and equipment. The possibil- organization and control of rare and old ity of realizing a high degree of automation, printed material. So that all the librarians which had seemed very real in Spring 1991, can benefit from this seminar, the papers now appears at best to be a decadeaway,as the will be published by the NUL.'~ realities of wartime resource allocation have special libraries left most libraries lacking even the most basic funding as well as some foreign investment. elements, such as personal computers. But construction of an infrastructure is not the On the other hand, the Ministry of Sciences only aim of the endeavor. The real job is still has become quite aware, perhaps even more ahead. CARNet is envisioned as a basis for the so during this war, of the need for information creation of information systems and joint col- systems and the management of information. laboration among specialists from various Global interdependence has become a fact of fields. It will provide access to a vast quantity life. As a result, CARNet was developed. of world information for people in Croatia. At CARNet, the Croatian Academic and Re- the same time, it will enable them to share search Network, is a project initiated and resources among themselves and with the rest financed by the Ministry of Sciences whose of the world. CARNet has obtained the right aim is to build the communication,computer, to use the intercontinental line which con- and information infrastructure necessary for nects Europe and the United States. The ulti- academic and research needs. CARNet uses mate goal is to make CARNet available to the TCPP (Transmission Control ProtocoV everyone who needs it. Internet Protocol) which was chosen because For the NUL, the main aim remains to make it provides three main network services: elec- its hidden treasures accessible across interna- tronic mail, remote login, and remote file tional borders. Due to valid reasons-nu- transfer. The network has four main nodes in merated throughout this article-public ac- four university cities (Rijeka, Split, Osijek, cess to CROLIST has not yet been made and zagreb).16 available via CARNet, but much energy is The first development phase is finished. being focused in this direction. The next step is to ensure more government
Laila Miletic-Vejzovic traveled to Zagreb, Croatia in March of 1992, to spend four weeks at the National and University Library. The travel was funded by the International Program Development Ofice (IPDO) grant, awarded by Washington State University. During the same year, at the endof September 1992, she traveled again to Zagreb, Croatia,as a Fulbright Scholar to lecture in library science at the National and University Library.
Photographs courtesy of Josip Stipanov, Assistant Director of the National and University Library.
References Interview with Tinka Katic, Rare Books & Special Collections Librarian at NUL, March 1992.
CroatianLibraries on Target. Zagreb, Croatia, National and University Library, 1992,p. 50.
Ibid., p. 7.
Results of a survey conducted by the NUL in the Spring of 1992.
Library of the Jesuit Gymnasium (1606-1607);Jesuit Academy Library (the beginning of the University of Zagreb, 1669); and, Grammar Academy Library. At the inauguration of the University of Zagreb (1874), the holdings of the Grammar Academy and the spring 1994 111 National Museum were combined into the University Library. Finally, due to its mission and functions it became the National and University Library.
Ivancevic, Radovan. Art Treasures of Croatia. Motovun, Croatia, Ivo Motovun, 1986, p. 198.
Ibid., p. 199.
* Interview with Father Vlado Magic, of the Bishop Diocese of Zagreb, Curator of the Meuopolitana Collection, March 1992.
The National and University Library's Mission Statement. Zagreb, Croatia, NUL, 1992. lo Interview with Mirna Willer, Assistant Systems Librarian at NUL, March 1992. l1 Ibid. l2 Ibid., October 1992. l3 The Seminar Papers are being published by the NUL. Once published, the copies could be obtained from the NUL. l4 Interview with Jadranka Gabre, Cataloger at the Information and Sciences Institute, April 1992. lS Ibid. l6 "Hrvatska akademska mreza CARNet." Glasilo SRCA. Zagreb, Croatia, SRCE: 8- 11 (January 1993).
Laila Miletic-Veizovic is presently working as Rare Books & Special Collections Librarian in Manuscripts, Archives and Special Collections at Washington State University in Pullman, WA. She came to this position in January 1989, from the Huntington Library in San Marino, CA.
specia/ libraries On the Stene
Information Vision: Special Libraries Association 85th Annual Conference Atlanta, GA June 11-16,1994
'all Come! It's true what they say about quis (one of our co-headquarters hotels); Y Dixie-the smiles are wide, the hand- and more shopping center space per capita shakes and hugs are heartfelt, the "Y'all than any other city except Chicago. Now it Come" is a sincere invitation. This is your can boast an SLA Annual Conference! invitation to join your colleagues for the Most of you will be arriving at the Con- 1994 Annual Conference of the Special Li- ference by air and that means Hartsfield braries Association, June 11-16 in Atlanta, Atlanta International Airport. Twenty-one GA. carriers provide more than 2,100 daily ar- Atlanta, the site of the 1994 SLA Annual rivals and departures to every major U.S. Conference, rose from the ashes of the Civil city-many within two hours flying time- War to become the economic and political and to 20 cities in 15 foreign countries. capital of Georgia. She was born in 1837 as Check out the special discount rates with Terminus, the southern end of the Western Delta Air Lines (call 1-800-241-6760 and & Atlantic Railroad, growing quickly to refer to File Number: J1072). As the hub of become Marthasville in 1842 and Atlanta in the Southeast, Atlanta also is easy to reach 1845. by Interstate highway. 1-20, 1-75, and 1-85 Atlanta is a city of 131 square miles with a provide access from all directions and 1-285 metropolitan area of 5,147 square miles. The forms a beltway around the city. Amtrak U.S. Census Bureau reports the population of offers daily service to New Orleans and thecity of Atlanta(l990)as 394,017. Thecity New York and points in between and be- can boast 130 retail centers, 41 public golf yond. courses, 54 public parks, 32 streets with the Hartsfield is located just 10 miles (16 name Peachtree, the largest mall in the South- kilometers) from the city center. Taxis post east-Lenox Square; the world's largest bas a special rate for three people heading to the relief sculpture--Georgia's Stone Mountain convention area. Current rates from the air- Park; the oldest ballet company in the na- port to the downtown business and conven- tion-The Atlanta Ballet; the largest hotel in tion district are $15.00 per person for one the Southeast-the Atlanta Marriott Mar- passenger; $8.00 per person for two passen- spring 1994 Co~iiht0 1994 Sp~lallibroiis Asmcbtion 113 gers and $6.00 per person for three or more planned for you this year. Check out the passengers. Rates are subject to change. pre-Conference continuing education There are shuttle bus and limousine ser- courses. Choose a tour. vices, as well as nine district car rental See you in Atlanta! agencies located within the terminal-check out the special rates offered to Conference Conference Highlights attendees through Alamo (call 1-800-732- 3232 and refer to ID #75667, Rate Code Professional Development Opportunities: GR). Plus, the MARTA rapid rail system This year's Conference features more than glides into a covered station right inside the 20professional development events, includ- airport, putting the downtown Five Points ing continuing education courses, the Middle hub and convention district only 15 min- Management Institute, and the Executive utes away. Management Program. The following is a Not only is it easy to get to Atlanta, it's a partial listing of titles planned for Atlanta. snap getting around within the city. Taxis Full course descriptions are listed in the are plentiful and limousines can be reserved Preliminary Conference Program mailed at reasonable rates. The MARTA bushapid to the full membership in March 1994: rail system is among the nation's safest, cleanest, quietest, and most reliable. It has CD-ROM: Local and Wide Area Net- expanded to include 32 rail stations and 32 working; miles (51 kilometers) of track. Rail stops Reference Triage; are located near all major meeting halls and Fee-Based Services: Entrepreneur- business centers. They include the Omni ship; station downtown (for Georgia World Con- How to Work With Difficult People; gress Center and CNN Center); Peachtree Introduction to Internet: Browsing Center station (for the Atlanta Market Cen- the Virtual Shelves; ter); Arts Center station in midtown (for Database Implementation; Woodruff Arts CenterIHigh Museum of Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist; Art); and the Lenox Station in Buckhead. Practical Indexing; Remember, Atlanta is in the heart of the The Electronic Landscape; Sun Belt. While the city experiences ex- First (and Second) Aid for Library tremes in the middle of summer and winter, and Archival Materials: and more... just wait a few days and the weather be- comes mild and comfortable. There are four General Session Speakers: distinct seasons, with temperatures to match. Monday, June I3 at 9:00 a.m.- In June the average high temperature is 85 Richard B. Ross degrees F (30 degrees C) and the average low temperature is 67 degrees F (20 degrees Previously a scientist in C). Remember to bring a sweater. It may be learning research, a li- hot outside but many session rooms will be censed clinical psycholo- cool. And since we will be using the Atlanta gist, an executive, and Marriott Marquis and the Atlanta Hilton & now a management con- Towers for all the Annual Conference ac- sultant, Richard Ross will tivities, comfortable shoes will be a "must" bring a wide variety of for walking. Full housing information is in experiences and skills to the program booklet. his presentation dealing with public and Y'all Come! SLA members will begin private sector organizations around the receiving their Preliminary Conference Pro- world. His presentation at the Annual Con- gram by the middle of March. Read through ference will be on the subject of "Vision- it-find out what your colleagues have ing." special libraries Tuesday, June 14 at 9:00 a.m.- Harassed: Inappropriate Behavior in the Charles Garfield Workplace; Make the Most of Networking; "My mission is to trans- Tour: CNN Center-The House That late the real lessons of Ted Build; your nation's high achiev- Tour: The World of Coca-Cola; and ing organizations and much, much more. their people into consis- tent bottom line results," Plan Now! says Garfield, originator of the concept of peak per- Your participation at SLA's 1994 Annual formance. His conclusions form the basis of Conference is beneficial to you and yourorga- some of today's most advanced management nization. You will have the opportunity to: strategies. Basic to his findings is that regard- Learn how the information center will less of age, educational background or profes- change in the future; sion, America's peak performers in business Discover how you can turn your infor- share the same set of basic skills and these mation center into a profit center; skills are learnable. Use technology to boost productivity; Learn techniques to work better with Division Programs: top management; and The Division Program Planners for Atlanta Learn how to solve problems in your have put together a fantastic program of ac- information center. tivities for members to attend. From work- Take another look at your Preliminary Con- shops to sessions, tours, and networking op- ference Program. Act now! Send in your Con- portunities, there is something for everyone ference registration form as soon as possible- every day! The following is just a short list of fax it to SLA at (202)265-93 17. the sessions scheduled: Non-members interested in SLA's Annual The Future of the Oil and Gas Industry, Conference should write to Special Libraries Or, Virtual Reality; Association, Annual Conference, 1700 Eigh- Brave New Techno-World: The Impact teenth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20009- of Technology; 2508 and request a copy of the program. Projecting "People Passion"-How to Create Loyal Customers; Optical Imaging; The Corporate Virtual Library: Model for the '90s; Telecommuting and the Future of Work; Non-Traditional Career Paths for Li- brarians; Marketing Swap & Shop; Copyright Protection for Photo- graphic Images; The Internet and You; Internet Theme Day-three part pro- gram; NAFTA: "You Want Me to Find Out What?"; What are the Latest Goodies in Elec- tronic Information Products?; spring 1994 Call for 1995 Conference Papers
The Power of Information: Transforming the World
The theme for the 1995 SLA Conference challenges us to explore information's power to change us and the world we live in. Infor- mation is available to more people in more places than ever before. The speed at which information can be delivered and exchanged is unprecedented. Empowered information professionals are becoming movers and shak- ers in this exciting transformation. They are recognized as experts who employ advanced technology to bring information to a global constituency. The theme embodies the follow- ing key concepts:
information management; information delivery and impact; technological advancements; empowerment of professionals; and new roles for librarians.
You are invited to submit papers address- ing the theme, The Power ofI$ormation, for the 1995 Montreal Annual Conference. Multime- dia presentations and poster sessions related to the conference theme will be considered. Papers accepted will be presented at the contributed papers sessions. Very specific presentations will be referred to the appropriate Divisions.
Copyright O 1994 Spetnl libraries llsrotatiin special libraries Book Reviews
Basch, Reva Secrets of the Super Seurchers. learns each searcher's background, training, Wilton, CT: Eight Bit Books. 1993. 235p. favorite databases, and techniques. ISBN: 0-91 0965-1 2-9 Some consider themselves generalists, while others are highly specialized. Collectively, they are skilled at business, scientific, techni- With the proliferation of CD-ROMs and cal, and legal searching. They usually learned end-users, one might assume that mediated and mastered these skills on the job. The most online searching has become a forgotten skill. frequently used systems are DIALOG and Reva Basch disproves this assumption in her LEXIS/NEXIS. Despite the extra time, all of new book. Secrets of the Super Searchers is a these searchers clean up or post process their collection of interviews with online searchers results. There are those who diagram each who are actively practicing their craft. The strategy in great detail before going online. author has chosen 21 skilled online searchers Quite a few prefer to "wing it." They are all and two end-users as subjects. After a concise cautious whenever searching full-time data- introduction outlining her interview process, bases. While the majority prefer that the client she devotes a chapter to each interview. These is present during the search, some are uncom- chapters are arranged alphabetically by the fortable with this presence, and one adamantly searchers' last names. Each chapter concludes refuses to work online with the requester in the with highlights labeled Super Search Secrets. room. Finally, the searchers' names are cross listed Readers will find both similarities and ma- according to their specialty and work environ- jor differences among these experts. Interest- ment. This indexing allows readers to locate ingly, one such difference is the attitude to- an online searcher with similar interests. wards controlled vocabulary. Many find it Basch, a "super searcher" herself, has man- essential when searching in the scientific and aged to capture each searcher's methods in her technical databases, but some consider it in- interviews. Her subjects represent corporate, hibiting when working in the social sciences, academic, government, public, and legal li- business, news, and humanitiesdatabases. One braries in the United States, Canada, and the searcher strongly advocates using controlled United Kingdom. Also among them are inde- vocabulary whenever possible. Others see it pendent information brokers. Most are for- almost as a barrier to obtaining good results. A mally trained librarians. This book is neither a common problem is the cost of databases. It "how to" narrative nor a textbook about online can be comforting to commiserate with these database searching. Within a few pages one experts about the rising prices of online search- spring 1994 ing and how much it can influence the final profession. While such luminaries as Barbara product. Quint, Susanne Bjorner, Marydee Ojala, and Basch has produced a book that will inform Bonnie Snow are easily recognized, others in and at times amuse readers. The experienced this book may be unknown to most readers. It online searcher will recognize some of these would have been helpful if Basch had given experts' problems and will profit from the detailed criteria for her selection of these indi- solutions. The novice will acquire valuable viduals. Also, the two end-users appear out of techniques. Even a non-searcher can enjoy place. Nevertheless, upon reading these anec- many of the searcher's observations. Despite, dotes, one can readily determine why these or because of, many years of searching expe- online searchers are indeed "super." rience, they continue to exhibit a zest for their
David Feinberg, Business Reference Librarian, University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa.
Journal of Information Ethics. Robert amount of advertising in journals and sponsor- Hauptman, ed. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & ship of events at professional meetings. Martha Company, Inc. Spring 1993. 96p. ISSN: Montague Smith talks about visualizing infor- 1061-9321. mation, yet no graphics appear in her column or in any of the othzr contributions in the issue. Appropriate graphics might aid readers of this Since 1991, almost a dozen journals on journal and may even help to attract a larger ethics have begun publication, including those audience. on biomedical, business, professional, and in- The success of this new journal depends on formation ethics. Ethical issues have chal- the ability of the editor, Robert Hauptman, and lenged information professionals for a long the editorial board to attract contributionsfrom time, but now many new concerns are raised as people in a variety of disciplines. Hauptman is information is more easily transferred, pro- a librarian with considerable writing and edit- cessed, altered, or destroyed. In the premier ing experience on the subject of ethics. The issue (Fall 1992)of the Journal ofInformation board is dominated by librarians and LIS edu- Ethics (JIE), the publisher wrote that JIE is cators. The Spring issue has contributions from targeted to "those who believe there are ethics philosophy, computer science, and accounting to be found in information." professors, librarians, a writer, and Senator The Spring 1993 issue features six articles Patrick Leahy. It is hoped that this covering freedom of information, textbook multidisciplinary pattern will continue in fu- selection, computer security, censorship, the ture issues. Even though ethical concerns in- information market, and plagiarism. Robert S. volving information pervade many fields, li- Wolk's fast-paced article, based on an inter- brarians are in a leadership position to consider view, gives us a new and disturbing twist on ethical challenges. term paper millsandacademic integrity. Sylvia JIE provides thought-provoking columns and Weiser equates The Satanic Verses to a canary articles in a readable style, avoiding the arcane in a mine. Richard N. Stichler explores the writing sometimes found on ethics. Some ar- virtues of Aristotle to re-envision librarian- ticles report research results, while others are ship "as a cooperative and interactive prac- purely descriptive.Whether for individualread- tice." (p. 61) He urges us "to find the moral ing, staff development, teaching, or discus- resources to resist the corrupting influence of sion, this journal is useful to anyone concerned the information market." (p. 61). His remarks with information in society. should be examined in light of the increasing Education, current issues, and the work-
118 Cqyiiht o I994 sped libraries Assochtion ~pecitdlibraries place provide the focus for the columns. In this dom order. About two-thirds of the items are issue, one column is a reprint with an adden- from the New York Times and other newspa- dum. A Reader's Forum of letters is encour- pers and news magazines. There is only one aged. However. JIE is published only twice a item from a scholarly journal. year; therefore, it is questionable whether such This new journal has an outstanding oppor- a forum can be effective. tunity to cover ethical challenges related to One expects to find reviews in a journal; JIE information from a variety of perspectives. contains reviews of special issues of journals The Spring issue provides valuable reading on and several books. The journal also includes several ethical issues. Subscriptions are rec- an editorial, publisher comments, and bio- ommended both for individual and organiza- graphical information about the contributors. tional learning, and to partake in the evolution In addition, there is a section on Article Alerts of JIE. with 27 annotated entries in seemingly ran-
Eunice M. Roe, Ph.D., independent consultant In Vestal, NY.
Hi h Performance Medical Libraries: tion, accelerate the use of computers to en- A vances rir lnformation Management for hance education, increase user acceptance of the Vlrtual Era Naomi C. Broering, ed. advanced technologies,and establish cost fac- Westport, CT: Meckler Publishing. 1993, tors for providing information resources. 229p. ISBN: 0-88736-878-6. Betsy Humphreys, Pen Schuyler,and Alexa McCray, all from NLM, provide useful de- scriptions of the Unified Medical Language This is a collection of 18 case studies repre- System. Conceptual differences between the senting some of the most innovative projects UMLS and MESH (Medical Subject Head- and trends in medical libraries. Edited by ings) are clearly defined. Jeffrey Hylton, Naomi Broering, widely respected Director Naomi Broering, and Helen Bagdoyan de- of the Dahlgren Library at Georgetown Uni- scribe an electronic full-text database created versity, the broad topics discussed include: from scanned images of journal articles; the IAIMS-Integrated Advanced Information project can provide online, fax, and mail ac- Management Systems, UMLS-Unified Medi- cess to the digitized articles. One of the most cal Language System, Network and Resource interesting chapters, and regrettably one of Sharing, Document Delivery and Full-Text the shortest, is the chapter on image worksta- Systems, the Extended Online Catalog, Inte- tions. Wilma Bass briefly describes four digi- grated Hospital, Corporate and Society Li- tized imaging projects and outlines the cata- braries; and Computer Training Labs and loging, indexing, and retrieval issues surround- Medical Software. Several chapters are based ing this emerging technology. Other case re- on papers presented at the 1992 annual Com- ports include the development of medical puters in Libraries Conference. education software at Georgetown University Broering's two chapters reviewing the and at the Montefiore Medical Center and NLM's IAIMS project provide a succinct Albert Einstein College of Medicine; infor- overview of the conception and development mation technology at the Upjohn Pharmaceu- of IAIMs at NLM and its implementation at tical Library and at the Royal College of Georgetown. Broering credits the IAIMs Physicians of Edinburgh Library, and devel- project for the development of auhigh-perfor- opment of the Human Genome Project at the mance virtual library" at Georgetown. IAIMs Washington University School of Medicine has served to advance the concept of integra- Library. spring 1994 Co~iihto 1994 s&il Ubmnes ksoci~fi~n 119 These papers clearly represent the direction ures; unfortunately the type in several figures that not just medical libraries, but all libraries, is so small it is difficult to read. Although must be headed. Most of the chapters are well- seven of the 18 chapters represent experi- written and whet the reader's appetite for ences at Georgetown, all of the perspectives more detaiIs. The voIume includes short bib- provide concrete examples of ways libraries liographies with each chapter and many fig- must meet the challenges of the "virtual era."
-- Mary An Mclarland, Assistant Director for Access Services, St. louis University Health Sciences Center Library, St. Louis, MO.
On Account of Sex: An Annotated the citation numbers follow the bibliogra- Bibliography on the Status of Women in phy. In this supplement, the subject index librarianship I987-1992. Lori A. Goetsch was based on A Woman's Thesaurus. and Sarah B. Watstein, eds. Metuchen, The bibliography contains materials on NJ: The Scarecrow Press, Inc. 1993.244~. all types of libraries, including academic, ISBN 0-81808-270 1-8. public, school, and special. It collects re- search about women in librarianship by date and topic in terms of vocational studies Despite its titillating title, this bibliogra- taken from such sources as Library Litera- phy continues a serious body of research ture, Information Science Abstracts, Dis- that had its inception almost 20 years ago sertation Abstracts, ERIC, and American with the publication of Women in Librari- Studies Index as well as direct examination anship in 1975. On Account of Sex: An of various materials. The materials relate to Annotated Bibliography on the Status of the status of women in librarianship and Women in Librarianship, 1887-1981 was contribute to an understanding of women's first published in 1984 to supplement The evolving status and position in the library Role of Women in Librarianship 1876-I976, and information science professions. published in 1979. This is the second supple- Tables of the number and percentage of ment for the years 1987-1992. It differs citations in various vocational behavior clus- from previous works in that it is the collec- ters (e.g. Women's Workforce Participa- tive work of a dozen women from different tion, Workplace Justice, Leadership, etc.) libraries across the country. They contrib- provide an indication of the areas of empha- uted to this publication for the Committee sis and gaps in existing research. Much of on the Status of Women in Librarianship, the literature shows research related to or- American Library Association, and include ganizational subjects. Goetsch and Watstein Virginia Clark, Allison Cowgill, Joan suggest that the "need for further study, Fiscella, Janice Kirkland. Jean McManus, including those related to employment is- Mary Beth Minick, Kristen L. Strohmeyer, sues and to feminist analysis of the profes- Sandra Peterson, Mary Ellen Shiflett, and sion" recommend further research in both Mary Vela-Creixell. as well as the general methodological and topical areas in their editors. The compilers were responsible for introduction. They conclude by stating that annotating and indexing materials they "Researchers will be better able to access found with the aim of providing users with gender equity in the profession with the enough information to determine the worth information that will result from further of the citation for retrieval. Almost all the research on women in librarianship. Link- entries are annotated, with very few excep- ing the research to other perspectives, in- tions. Author and subject indices keyed to cluding feminism, will enrich their under-
120 c~hto 1994 Sped tibratiesAsmidiin special libraries standing of the experience of women in this and as the editors intended, it contributes to profession." a greater understanding of the status of On Account of Sex: An Annotated Bibli- women in librarianship and documents the ography on the Status of Women in Librari- ongoing changes in the field. anship 1987-1992 is a useful research tool
Sandra Saddy, Librarian and Supervisor, Resource Centre, Huronia Historical Parks, Midland, ON, Canada.
Integrating Total Quality Management in a Steering Committee that ultimately imple- library Setting. Susan Jurow and Susan B. mented the process. Barnard, eds. Binghamton, NY: The Haworth Kaxyle Butcher's experiences with TQM at Press, Inc. 1 993. 201 p. ISBN: 1-56024- Oregon State University Library highlights 464-X. two pilot projects. As with the first two case studies,there were some staffprejudices against TQM and considerable concern with TQM If you are currently implementing TQM in vocabulary. Butcher warns us that the TQM your library, or contemplating doing so, Inte- process is time-consuming, but says it is well grating Total Quality Management in a Li- worth the effort. This fist section concludes brary Setting should top your list of required with Barnard's discussion ofa model for imple- reading-for yourself and your staff. Susan menting TQM in research libraries. Jurow and Susan B. Bamard are to be com- The papers in Section II build on Bamard's mended for a superb job in editing this work, model by focusing on specific aspects of their choice of contributing authors, and orga- "Implementing a Total Quality Management nization of the papers into a logical structure. Program." Arlene Farber Sirkin writes about Their introduction sets the tone and focus of customer service; Tim Loney and Arnie the publication, outlining the fundamental con- Bellafontaine concentrate on training, empha- cepts of TQM (breaking down interdepart- sizing the need for library staff "to recognize mental barriers, the internal customer, con- customer relations as a critical component" of tinuous improvement) and how difficult the their work; Constance Towler's article centers implementation process can be. on team problem-solving. Jurow concludes Section I, "Library Applications to Total Section I1 by providingreaders with "Tools for Quality Management," contains three very Measuring and Improving Performance" (The different and honest case studies on TQM Shrewhartcycle, flow charts, cause andeffect implementation in academic libraries: what diagrams, Pareto Charts, and control charts). we did, what went wrong, what we'd do differ- Of particular interest to readers will be her ently next time. Kaye Gapen's contribution detailed account of the benchmarking process. (co-authored by Queen Hampton and Sharon Section 111, "Supporting Total Quality Man- Schmitt) focuses on the rationale used by the agement Efforts," begins with a chapter by W. library director at Case Western Reserve Uni- David Penniman, who emphasizes the need versity as she considered implementing TQM, for "radically revising the way we do busi- and the role customers played in the planning ness." His review of the Malcolm Baldridge process. Mary Beth Clack describes the plan- Award system as it applies to the library set- ning and preparation that went into imple- ting is a prescription for the development of a menting TQM at Harvard College Library, quality award for libraries. The other article in detailing the work of the Task Force on Staff this section, "Creating Partnerships: Forging a and Organizational Development, and the Chain of Service Quality," contains a discus- spring 1994 Copyright O 1994 SpecmI Libraries As~tion sion of six Principles of Partnerships: Start Franck talks about 'The Federal Government TQM at Home and Share the News; Respect Experience," and Eugene E. Matysek, Jr. de- Your Partner's Position; Look for Seamless tails the benefits and pitfalls of implementing Connectivity;Manage the Partnership by Fact; TQM in a large-scale project (the Defense Use Trust to Your Advantage; and Employ Fuel Supply Center). Patience and Perseverance. The authors, all of Integrating Total Quality Management in a The Faxon Company, explain the importance Library Setting is a wonderful collection of of creating librarian-vendor partnerships as essays on the implementation of TQM in aca- part of any effort to improve customer service. demic libraries. One can only hope that librar- The final section of the book, "Learning ians from other sectors (e.g., corporate or from the Experience of Others," contains three public) will document their experiences with articles about implementing TQM in other, TQM as well as the authors in this work have more unusual settings. Maureen Sullivan and done and send their articles to Jurow and Jack Siggins discuss "Total Quality Manage- Barnard to be incorporated in a second vol- ment Initiatives in Higher Education," Robyn ume.
Barbie E. Kaiser, Information Resources Management Consultant, New York, NY.
New Technologies and New Directions, G.R. "The Lonely Scholar . . ." reminds us that at Boynton and Sheila D. Creth, eds. Westport, this state of evolution, information technology CT: Meckler Publishing. 1993.1 18p. ISBN & can't bring everyone everything, but ultimately 88736-879-4. will provide an unheard of level of public access to the world's information riches. "Pay the Piper" is an excellent outline of the This publication of nine articlesemerged from history and status of the MLA Internutwnal a symposium ofuniversity"scholarly" publish- Bibliography. ing, learning, creation, and management of in- "Electronic Journal Publishing . . ." tackles formation using computers. The lengthy intro- the issue of creating new and different journals duction gives a good overview that emphasizes for networks or talung the present ones and relearning how to hunt for information and delivering them as they are. It says cost eventu- sources and how to usefully organize the infor- ally will be the same as paper; what will change mation. is availability. "Freedom and Power" stated that paradigm "Now and Then. . ."states, "The real potential confrontations abound in a world where com- is not for lecturers teaching in classrooms, but puters are everywhere, even if we don't imme- students preparing new kinds of term papers." diately recognize them. "We need to control Internet is a national network that the people technology, not let it control us," Ted Nelson make work and the government pays for. The speaks of Xanadu, a project where information UNC Institute for Advanced Technology is a can be extracted from a document with auto- leader in these new technologies for teaching matic royalty. and learning. "You Can't Always Get. . ." points out that "Integration of Hypermedia. . ." is the story of browsing and flipping through books to make California Lutheran University's exploration of comparisons is easier and faster than using what the use of hypermda in teaching since 1984. is now available in electronic text. Also, re- The University has a Hypermedia Lecture Hall, trieval of citations can result in multiple charges Hypermedia Laboratory, and an Optical Data to each user but paper journals only incur one- Design Center that produces videodiscs. time charges. "Take Your Computers. . ." discusses com-
122 Copyright o 1994 spetd libraries Aswintion special libraries puter art, which the author says is radically material with an interesting and important em- different and vital. "It remains the responsibility phasis on "the necessity of relearning" in order of the artist to maintain the highest possible to use and profit from new technology. How- standards and for the viewer to be discerning," ever, this is not entirely the domain of the the article says. "scholarly" community. We need to proceed "Knowledge Management. . ." covers medi- into the future by learning about what is avail- cal laboratory research involving Mendelian able to us in the present. While this is not typical and Genome projects, and their three primary easy reading material, the articles are short components: software engineering, research/ enough to retain readers' interest and provide an scientific support, and service. interesting view from the academic side on All of the articles provided enjoyable reading using technology in the classroom and lab.
Anne L White, Resources Center Manager, Nebraska Department of Roads, Lincoln, NE.
Daubert, Madeline J. FinmcialManagement The book approaches this worthy goal by for Small and Medium-Sized libraries. covering financial issues large and small, Chicago, II: American Library Association, simple and complicated. On the simple end, 1993. l8Sp. ISBN 0-8389-061 8-4. we learn that "a computer system consists of hardware and software" (p. 164) and are pro- vided with a definition of expenses. Daubert Madeline Daubert's Financial Manage- also approaches heavier topics such as meth- ment covers a range of financial topics as ods of assessing depreciation and accrual ac- they relate to libraries, with sections on counting. Although the material presented is accounting fundamentals, preparing an op- certainly accurate, the transition from simple erating budget, automation in libraries, and to complicated concept is not always fully grantsmanship. Daubert approaches these detailed. For instance, the reader comes away rather large topics, on which much litera- with an understanding of the concept of the ture exists, from the perspective of a librar- zero based budget but probably won't be able ian turned accountant. The array of topics is to create one. Examples used to illustrate large, and not confined strictly to account- concepts are drawn from all types of libraries, ing concepts because, as Daubert points with many from the public library environ- out, money does permeate most things, even ment. in a library or information center setting. However, the accounting principles are cov- Daubert points to the "low level of financial ered in adequate detail for the book's intended accountability for libraries in the past" (p. audience. Neither library school students nor v) and seeks to remedy this by "provid(ing) library managers will have to perform the librarians and library managers with the work of accountants. Financial Management background necessary to manage the finan- succeeds as an overview and as an introduc- cial resources of the library, to communi- tion to concepts. On the non-accounting top- cate effectively with other managers con- ics such as grantsmanship and library auto- cerning financial policies and procedures, mation, the library professional will certainly and to make informed decisions concerning want more information, but for the library the use of available funds" (p. vii). student this is a good starting point.
Noirin Lutas, Senior Children's Librarian at the Chatham Square Regional Library, a branch of the New York Public Library in New York, NY. spring 1994 Copyiiht O 1994 Spetal Libraries ksocbfan @ DTS Language Services, Inc. 0 We speak your language... and the languages you don't! For over 20 years DTS has been meeting the translation needs of its clients with a wide range of language services in over 30 languages: foreign language translations, editing, and consulting experience in all technical fields including pharmaceuticals, business and finance, telecommunications, law, chemistry and biological sciences, computer hardware and software, and engineering editing of machine-translated documents development of client-specific electronic dictionaries rapid turnaround free quotes Find out how DTS can work for you. Toll Free 800-524-0722 DTS Language Services Inc., 100 Europa Drive, Suite 390, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514 Telephone 91 9-942-0666 Fax 91 9-942-0686
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Academic Press ...... 11A Biosis ...... 7A. 17A Dialog Information Services ...... 13A DTS Language Services ...... 19A EBSCO Subscription Services ...... 14A Elsevier Science ...... 23A Gaylord Information Systems ...... 24A H. W . Wilson Company ...... 6A IEEE ...... Cover 3 Information Access Company ...... 5A Institute for Scientific Information ...... 1A Interlingua ...... Cover 2 MARCORP ...... 25A Mead Data Central ...... 18A National Technical Information Service ...... 20A Newsnet ...... 9A OCLC ...... 15A, 21A Online. Inc...... Cover 4 PAIS ...... 1OA Readmore. Inc...... 20A Reed Reference Publishing ...... 8A Silverplatter ...... 2A Standard & Poor's ...... 12A Technical Insights ...... 19A UMI ...... 16A VCH Publishers ...... 22A Virtual Microsystems ...... 26A
special libraries 4 Time for a Change? Sign up for SLA's Career and
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Offered only during SLA's Annual Conference, the Employment Clearinghouse and the Career Advisory Service provide you with strategies to meet your career goals. Employment Clearinghouse: A networking opportunity for job seekers and employers. Career Advisory Service: ExperiencedSLA members serve as counselors to recent library school graduates and those looking for a career change.
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Take advantage of the many courses offered during SLA's Annual Conference, June 11-1 6, 1994 in Atlanta, GA.
The Special Libraries Association offers an array of education programs to meet the needs of information professionals at all levels. Here's a sampling of your choices:
U.S. Copyright Law in the Age of Technolo~y Introduction to Internet Special Libraries: Increasing the Information Edge CD-ROM: Local and Wide-Area Networking Fee-based Services: Entrepreneurship Directory of Business and Guide to Special Issues Financial Information Services, and Indexes of Periodicals, Ninth Edition Fourth Edition by Charles J. Popovichand M. Rita Costello edited by Miriam Uhlan and Doris B. Km
Expanded to include: Quickly access the most current infor- 1249 abstracted sources from mation published in the "specials" 01 370 business specialty pub- hundreds of U.S. and Canadian periodi- lishers cals and journals. Full-text sources 1700periodicals and journals rep- Association newsletters resented Master Title Index Covers diverse disciplines: Subject Index business,industry,science, the arts, Publisher Index technology, consumer interests The Directory provides clear, concise guid- Expanded regional publications ance to a continuous flow of new informa- listings Online vendors/producers listing tion. You shouldn't be without this book. Comprehensive Subject Index ISBN 0-87 111-420-8, hard cover Don't be without this essential reference I $75.00, SLA Members $60.00 tool.
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The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 445 Hoes Lane, P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331, U.S.A. Secrets Of The Super Searchers The Accumulated Wisdom Of 23 Of The World's Top Online Searchers
Rich In Practical Tips And Techniques ... A Highly Useful (And Fun) Read For Both Veterans And Aspiring Searchers Have you ever wondered how the experts do it? Here, gathered from in-depth interviews with super searchers, are the answers compiled by Reva Basch, a super searcher herself. Arising out of numerous lively conversations with a wide spectrum of searchers, Secrets of the Super Searchers is filled with uninhibited anecdotes--often witty, pithy and amusing-that illustrate how a skilled searcher copes with the same problems you face. You can read it by the chapter.. .or even just a page or two at a time.
Compare how the super searchers approach these key topics ... The pre-search interview Pros and cons of full text Developing a searching svle Favorite databases Multifile searching Negotiating search Choosing the best system Coping with too many budgets with clients for a search hits.. .or too few Knowing when a search Most useful documentation is done Planning (or not planning) Making decisions search strategy about post-processing Most useful output formats Full-text versus bibligraphic Best ways to deliver search Evaluating a search on files output the fly-online and offline
YOU'LL RECOGNIZE MANY OF THESE FAMOUS NAMES Advance Praise for Secrets... from the pages of ONLINE and " ...a wonderful real-world combination of old truths and new DATABASE magazines. tricks and guidance for search operation managers as well as Susame Bjmner Marydee Ojala Karen Blakeman Ruth Pagell hands-on practitioners.. .the interviews reveal amazing Steve Coffman Nora Paul Lucinda Conger Barbara Quint commonalities-the importance of the reference interview, Linda Cooper Ellen Reinheimer the worry over data quality. Even more interesting may be Carol Ginsburg Lee Sapienza Terry Hanson Bonnie Snow the disagreements-the pros and cons of using search forms, Bob Jack N. 1. Thompson the impact of costs on search service selection." Roger Karraker Ann Van Camp Tom Koch Wendy Warr -Barbara Quint Nancy Lambert Sherry Willhite Anne Mintz Editor, Searcher
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