DOCSLIB.ORG

Transaction*Experiences:*! A"Design"Research(Approach!

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Transaction*Experiences:*! A Transaction*Experiences:*! A"Design"Research(Approach! Gabriele!Ferri,!Shaowen!Bardzell,!and!Jeffrey!Bardzell! Cultural!Research!in!Technology![CRiT]!Research!Group! Indiana!University!School!of!Informatics!and!Computing! ! Executive)Summary:!In!late!September,!Scott!Mainwaring!asked!Indiana!members!of!the!ISTCH Social!Computing!project!to!collaborate!on!the!topic!of!transaction!experiences!from!a!design! perspective.!In!October!Scott!Mainwaring!and!Sue!Faulkner!came!to!Indiana!to!participate!in!this! work.!In!this!document,!we!summarize!the!first!milestone!from!our!research!through!designHbased! project.!After!some!initial!brainstorming!and!subsequent!analysis!of!contemporary!transaction! experiences,!we!held!two!consecutive!research!through!design!workshops!with!top!design!students! in!our!MS!and!Ph.D.!programs!in!HumanHComputer!Interaction/Design.!As!a!result!of!this!work,!we! have!composed!a!report!on!the!Transaction!Experience!Workshops!Methodology;!collected!a!Media! Dossier!of!Innovative!Transactions;!developed!the!Transaction!Experience!Model!(TEM)!to!support! designHbased!approaches!to!transaction!experiences;!and!we!iteratively!designed!two!transaction! experience!storyboards!that!suggest!some!interesting!trajectories!for!future!research!in!this!space.! We!also!include!a!PowerPoint!summary!of!all!of!this!work.! ! Transaction!Experience!Workshops!!Methodology!and!Early!Results!...............................................................!2! 1.!Preliminary!Mappings!....................................................................................................................................................!2! 2.!Basic!Categories!of!Transaction!.................................................................................................................................!3! 3.!Design!Concepts!Emerging!from!the!Workshops!..............................................................................................!4! 4.!Exploring!transaction!experiences!and!their!social!context!.........................................................................!5! 5.!Acknowledgements!.........................................................................................................................................................!5! Transaction!Experience!Model!............................................................................................................................................!6! “The!ValueHLaden!Processor”:!Design!concept!from!!the!Transaction!Experience!Workshop!................!8! “The!Smart!Zone”:!Design!concept!from!the!Transaction!Experience!Workshop!......................................!10! Media!Dossier!of!Innovative!Transactions!..................................................................................................................!12! !! Transaction)Experience)Workshops)) Methodology)and)Early)Results) Gabriele!Ferri,!Shaowen!Bardzell,!and!Jeffrey!Bardzell! Cultural!Research!in!Technology![CRiT]!Research!Group! Indiana!University!School!of!Informatics!and!Computing! ! ISTCHSocial!Computing!is!conducting!a!project!on!Transaction*Experiences.!As!part!of!this!initiative,! the! Cultural! Research! in! Technology! [CRiT]! Research! Group! at! Indiana! University! organized! a! research* through* design! workshop! to! explore! some! future! possibilities! in! the! area! of! digital! transactions.!This!report!summarizes!our!processes!and!early!results!of!the!two!workshop!sessions.! 1.)Preliminary)Mappings) A! first! exploration! was! articulated! in! two! paths:! first,! the! outcome! of! a! brainstorming! exercise! concerning!novel!forms!of!transactions!proposed!to!a!group!of!MS!students!was!examined!and!then! a!sample!of!relevant!news!articles!was!collected!and!analyzed.! A.)Students’)brainstorming.!The!students!were!given!a!wide!definition!of!“transaction”!and!were! asked!to!contribute!to!a!list!of!new!forms!that!are!made!possible!by!digital!technologies.!Amongst! the!167!items!that!they!proposed,!we!identified!some!trends:! • Sharing) and) lending! of! digital! or! nonHdigital! resources! (e.g.! Lendle! to! borrow! Kindle! books!or!Divvy,!a!bike!sharing!initiative);! • Combinations! of! unusual) digital) and) nonDdigital) elements! (e.g.! Poop) Rewards,! to! promote! the! use! of! public! toilets! in! India! or! Random) Acts) oF) Pizza,! in! which! pizzas! are! exchanged!anonymously!between!Reddit!users)! • “On)demand”,)adDhoc!services!(e.g.!Lyft,!an!onHdemand!ridesharing!service!or!WunWun,! an!personal!shopper)! • Social)Funding)or)“grassroots”!financial!services!(e.g.!Kickstarter!or!Kiva!microloans)! B.)Online)media)sampling.!A!small!sample!of!recent!news!texts!was!collected!and!analyzed.!Some! emerging!trends!stand!out:! • Using!wearable)technologies)and)perceptual)computing!to!facilitate!a!payment!process.! “The* Ukrainian* bank* PrivatBank* [..]* announced* that* customers* will* be* able* to* pay* bills* by* taking*pictures*of*them*[..]*using*Google*Glass”!(text)1,)in)the)attached)dossier).!“LevelUp* tested* an* app* that* allows* Google* Glass* to* work* in* place* of* the* handheld* reader* to* scan* QR* codes.*The*cashier,*wearing*Google*Glass,*would*use*the*touch*controls*and*speak*instructions* to*"push"*the*payment*to*the*consumer's*device”!(text)2,)in)the)attached)dossier).! • Detaching) Financial) transactions) From) their) social) context! or,! vice! versa,! making) payment)technologies)aware)of)their)surroundings.!Mobile!technology!will!be!used!to! transfer! money! in! public! to! a! friend! without! others! noticing,! for! example! to! avoid! awkwardness:!“Online*bank*Simple*today*announced*MoneyDrop*«Think*of*the*simplicity*of* AirDrop*filePsharing,*but*for*money»”!(text)3,)in)the)attached)dossier).!Vice!versa,!the!use! Paypal!Beacon!sociallyHsituated!and!well!visible!for!bystanders:!!“[the*system]*will*trigger*a* vibration*or*sound*to*confirm*a*successful*check*in*[in*a*store],*your*photo*will*then*appear*on* the*screen*of*the*PointPofPSale*system*so*you*can*be*greeted*by*name.*Paying*only*requires*a* verbal*confirmation,*and*you’re*done.*No*wallet.*No*card.*Nothing*to*do.*Not*even*touching* your*phone”!(text)4,)in)the)attached)dossier).! • Employing) biometric) and) Facial) recognition! (text) 5,) in) the) attached) dossier)! and! generating) instant) gratiFication! for! customers.! “Peapod,* an* online* grocer,* recently* developed*a*feature*on*its*mobile*app*that*allows*customers*to*restock*household*staples*by* scanning*bar*codes*with*their*smartphones*at*home”!(text)6,)in)the)attached)dossier).! • Allowing!microDtransactions)in)computer)games:!“Grand*Theft*Auto*Online*[..]*will*feature* microPtransactions.*Players*will*be*able*to*complete*inPgame*missions*[..]*to*accrue*cash*to*buy* weapons,*cars*and*houses.*However,*they'll*also*be*able*to*use*real*money*to*buy*inPgame*cash* bundles”!(text)7,)in)the)attached)dossier).! • Alternative,) complementary) currencies! and! mobile) payments.! “Complementary* currency* [..]* relies* on* a* homegrown* form* of* paper* money* that* is* accepted* only* in* a* small* geographical*area*and*is*not*backed*by*the*national*government”!(text)8,)in)the)attached) dossier).!Relatively!lowHtech!mobile!payment!systems!are!popular!in!developing!countries:! for! example! the! MHPaisa! system! “facilitates* the* transfer* of* funds* using* a* mobile* phone* through*Short*Message*Service*(SMS)*and*an*Interactive*Voice*Response*(IVR)*system.*[…]*MP Paisa*offers*access*to*financial*services*anywhere*in*Afghanistan*including:*Person*to*person* money*transfer,*Bill*payments,*Receive*money*from*abroad…”!(text)9)and)9,)in)the)attached) dossier).! 2.)Basic)Categories)of)Transaction) The! Transaction! Experience! research! through! design! workshop! participants! explored! different! variables!in!the!transaction!form.!From!their!work,!we!can!map!an!initial!list!of!general!categories,! and!we!can!imagine!possible!innovations!related!to!them.! Which)kind)oF)value)is)exchanged?!Transactions!are!generally!understood!as!exchanges!of!objects! or!services!that!have!value)for!their!users.!However,!the!examples!in!this!mapping!suggest!very) diFFerent)kinds)of)values,!such!as:! • Monetary!value! • Services! • Personal!data! • Information! • Cultural!capital,!knowHhow! • Introductions,!opportunities,!business!connections!/!personal!contacts! • Trust,!reputation! • Experiences,!stories! • Kindness,!empathy!and!other!emotions! ! The)general)component)oF)the)transaction)experience)can)be)represented)on)diFFerent)axes.! [Note:!Two!of!these!axes!were!appropriated!from!work!done!within!Intel!by! Maria!Bezaitis! and! used!with!permission].!Different!experiences!can!be!positioned!on!three!continua:! • Emotional) attachment) to) the) transaction,! to! the! actors! taking! part! to! it! and! to! its! outcomes.!This!axis!may!range!from!indifference!to!deeply*caring.! • Distance)between)the)actors!participating!to!the!transactions.!This!axis!may!range!from! distributed*to!coPlocated.!We!have!noticed!how!this!axis!may!also!be!understood!in!different! ways,!as!physical*distance!but!also!as!temporal*distance!(from!happening*at*the*same*time!to! happening*in*discrete*turns)!and!also!as!cultural*distance!(from!being!specifically*situated*in* a*cultural*context!to!be!culturallyPindependent).! • Ratio)between)humans)and)algorithms! participating!to!the!transactions.!This!axis!may! range!from!all*actors*being*humans!to!all*actors*being*algorithmic.!! The) technologies) used) and) their) relation) with) the) physical) world.! New! technologies! are! entering!this!field,!such!as!wearable!devices,!perceptual!computing,!iBeacon!(lowHpower!Bluetooth)!
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Discover App Request Increase Button
    Discover App Request Increase Button disentrancementWartier Osbourne fallings watches tramples some heartbreaks odiously. Is andMaynord saturate cavicorn his schemers when Tabby so hottest! inveighs Unrefreshed theocratically? and salivary Zack barrack his Streamline Your Inbox Increase Your Email Productivity and Save Hours a. Maximize the app should be deducted from a wealth of requesting information collection: if i increase affect your computer regularly misses payments. Discover procure and integrate with any API using a viable account. Green release increases to request is requested web requests to trade system resources by all correspondence to our products and results for requesting over which allows our original documents. Discover app will request a discover, increasing the requests, some cases for your virtual, wait for a standard utility cost. The key used to climax this certificate is called the app signing Jun 13 2019 Analytics. QLess Queue Management System Digital Queuing to. Housing First Puts Children First Clark-Fox Policy Institute. By the users of this around the coders found ways to slam the computer registry problems and bush the registry repair quickness. Released in October 2014 is an email organization app developed by Google that. Connect button and septic tank installation token is deactivated the increase request button and how do you. Of your bot that soul be displayed beneath your app name we Discover tab results. Network performance hit green service with discover app see link to discover app request increase button and request is for app where everyone can make. Press the designated button to TikTok is a short-form video-sharing app that.
    [Show full text]
  • What Motivates the Authors of Video Game Walkthroughs and Faqs? a Study of Six Gamefaqs Contributors Michael Hughes Trinity University, [email protected]
    Trinity University Digital Commons @ Trinity Library Faculty Research Coates Library 1-1-2018 What Motivates the Authors of Video Game Walkthroughs and FAQs? A Study of Six GameFAQs Contributors Michael Hughes Trinity University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.trinity.edu/lib_faculty Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Repository Citation Hughes, M.J. (2018). What motivates the authors of video game walkthroughs and FAQs? A study of six GameFAQs contributors. First Monday, 23(1), 1-13. doi: 10.5210/fm.v23i1.7925 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Coates Library at Digital Commons @ Trinity. It has been accepted for inclusion in Library Faculty Research by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Trinity. For more information, please contact [email protected]. First Monday, Volume 23, Number 1 - 1 January 2018 Walkthroughs, also known as FAQs or strategy guides, are player-authored documents that provide step-by-step instructions on how to play and what to do in order to finish a given video game. Exegetical in their length and detail, walkthroughs require hours of exacting labor to complete. Yet authors are rarely compensated for work that markedly differs from other kinds of fan creativity. To understand their motivations, I interviewed six veteran GameFAQs authors, then inductively analyzed the transcripts. Open coding surfaced five themes attributable to each participant. Together, these themes constitute a shifting mix of motivations, including altruism, community belonging, self-expression, and recognition — primarily in the form of feedback and appreciation but also from compensation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Four Horsemen of the Restaurant Apocalypse?
    The Four Horsemen of the Restaurant Apocalypse? How lessons from the travel industry’s response to online travel agencies may enable restaurants to survive (and hopefully thrive) in a delivery-heavy future. by Zach Goldstein, CEO and Founder, Thanx The Original Mel’s diner is a Northern California legend. Now at 22 locations, the classic drive-up service is long-gone, just one of many necessary adaptations for a restaurant that celebrated its 70-year anniversary two years ago. The latest evolution may be most challenging yet. “In our first two years on the delivery platforms, revenue went up 20% year-over-year. It was the largest top-line growth we’ve experienced in two decades,” said Tony Bendana, restaurant industry veteran and current Chief Operating Officer of The Original Mel’s which is listed in four third-party delivery apps today — Doordash, Uber Eats, Grubhub, and Postmates. “But when we looked at how much profit we were making, it hadn’t moved.” Tony Bendana, COO at The Original Mel’s What follows is an in-depth study of the massive disruption facing restaurants today, broken into the following sections: Restaurants Are Digitizing 04 More than $200B in restaurants sales will come through digital channels (including third-party marketplaces) by 2022 The Question of Incrementality 05 Because of high take-rates, many restaurants are questioning whether delivery marketplaces are friend or foe We’ve Seen This Story Before: Hotels and Online Travel Agencies 08 OTAs grew rapidly and ultimately stole share from hotels themselves The
    [Show full text]
  • Last Line of Defence Cyber Security of Industrial Control Sys- Tems
    Last line of defence Cyber security of industrial control sys- tems M. Luchs Delft University of Technology LASTLINEOFDEFENCE CYBER SECURITY OF INDUSTRIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS by M. Luchs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Offshore and Dredging Engineering at the Delft University of Technology, to be defended publicly on Wednesday October 26th, 2016 at 14:00 PM. Supervisor: dr. ir. C. Doerr Thesis committee: Prof. dr. C. van Rhee, TU Delft dr. ir. S. A. Miedema, TU Delft Ir. F.van der Heijden, Heerema Fabrication Group An electronic version of this thesis is available at http://repository.tudelft.nl/. PREFACE Before you lies the thesis "Last line of defence: Cyber security of industrial control systems". This work in- vestigates the state of cyber security within the offshore and dredging industry, the result of which has led to the proposal of a novel intrusion detection system for industrial control systems. It is written to complete the graduation requirements of the MSc program Offshore and Dredging Engineering at the Delft University of Technology. The project has been undertaken in collaboration with Heerema Fabrication Group whom where looking to increase their awareness on cyber security. Investigating the state of cyber security within the offshore and dredging industry has led to the research question, which was formulated together with my supervisor from the TU-Delft, Christian Doerr. The work has proven challenging at times, in part because the subject is fairly unexplored terrain, and also my missing of a background in cyber security and computer networks. Nonethe- less it has provided me with many avenues for growth and learning, especially since both the TU-Delft as HFG provided me the option to freely explore and thus gain insights broader then in one area of focus alone.
    [Show full text]
  • Download a PDF Version of the Official
    “To Open Minds, To Educate Intelligence, To Inform Decisions” The International Academic Forum provides new perspectives to the thought-leaders and decision-makers of today and tomorrow by offering constructive environments for dialogue and interchange at the intersections of nation, culture, and discipline. Headquartered in Nagoya, Japan, and registered as a Non-Profit Organization 一般社( 団法人) , IAFOR is an independent think tank committed to the deeper understanding of contemporary geo-political transformation, particularly in the Asia Pacific Region. INTERNATIONAL INTERCULTURAL INTERDISCIPLINARY iafor The Executive Council of the International Advisory Board Mr Mitsumasa Aoyama Professor June Henton Professor Baden Offord Director, The Yufuku Gallery, Tokyo, Japan Dean, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, Professor of Cultural Studies and Human Rights & Co- USA Director of the Centre for Peace and Social Justice Southern Cross University, Australia Lord Charles Bruce Professor Michael Hudson Lord Lieutenant of Fife President of The Institute for the Study of Long-Term Professor Frank S. Ravitch Chairman of the Patrons of the National Galleries of Economic Trends (ISLET) Professor of Law & Walter H. Stowers Chair in Law Scotland Distinguished Research Professor of Economics, The and Religion, Michigan State University College of Law Trustee of the Historic Scotland Foundation, UK University of Missouri, Kansas City Professor Richard Roth Professor Donald E. Hall Professor Koichi Iwabuchi Senior Associate Dean, Medill School of Journalism, Herbert J. and Ann L. Siegel Dean Professor of Media and Cultural Studies & Director of Northwestern University, Qatar Lehigh University, USA the Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, Australia Former Jackson Distinguished Professor of English Professor Monty P.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtual Parentalism Joshua A.T
    Washington and Lee Law Review Volume 66 | Issue 3 Article 11 Summer 6-1-2009 Virtual Parentalism Joshua A.T. Fairfield Washington and Lee University School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr Part of the Family Law Commons, and the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Joshua A.T. Fairfield, Virtual Parentalism, 66 Wash. & Lee L. Rev. 1215 (2009), https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr/vol66/iss3/11 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Washington and Lee Law Review at Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington and Lee Law Review by an authorized editor of Washington & Lee University School of Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Virtual Parentalism Joshua A.T. Fairfield* Abstract Parents,not laws, ultimately protect children both online and offline. If legislationplaces adults at legal risk because of the presence of children in virtualworlds, adults will exit those worlds, and children will be isolated into separatespaces. This will not improve safetyfor children. Instead,this Article suggests that Congressenact measuresthat encouragefiltering technology and parentaltools that will both protect children in virtualworlds, andprotectfree speech online. Table of Contents I. Introduction ................................................................................ 12 16 II. Parentalism and Cyberbalkanization ..........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Art Games: Performativity and Interactivity a Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of Fine Arts of Ohio University In
    Art Games: Performativity and Interactivity A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Fine Arts of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Sarah M. Grabner May 2018 © 2018 Sarah M. Grabner. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled Art Games: Performativity and Interactivity by SARAH M. GRABNER has been approved for the School of Art + Design and the College of Fine Arts by Jennie Klein Professor of Art History Matthew R. Shaftel Dean, College of Fine Arts 3 Abstract GRABNER, SARAH M., M.A., May 2018, Art History Art Games: Performativity and Interactivity Director of Thesis: Jennie Klein This research’s intention is to define and classify what art games are and how these three particular games rely on the audience to activate the artworks, thus making the audience’s interactions essential to complete the artworks. Technology has always impacted the art world and shaped the media that artists experiment with and use. Today, there are many artists who use games as their method for conveying their ideas and messages. This paper will examine how three artists use gaming structures to critique historical and social topics through the audience’s interactions with the artworks’ gaming structures. The three case studies about Pippin Barr’s The Artist is Present, Tale of Tales’ The Path and Wafaa Bilal’s performance Domestic Tension will examine how these artworks exemplify and use the elements of the particular genre of games, art games. Through looking at research done on digital space and the case studies this paper will address how these artworks create a shift from the focus of the artwork being on the creator or artist to how the interactions and performance of the audience complete the works.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward a Golden Age in U.S. Marke
    FINTECH RISING 2018 ......................................................1 PAYMENTS POSSIBILITIES ........................................... 18 Capital Markets ................................................................................1 The Rise of Customer- Payments ..........................................................................................1 Focused Payments Schemes.................................................. 19 Lending..............................................................................................1 Broadening Bank Services...................................................... 19 Wealth-Personal Financial Management........................................1 Locally Focused International Payments .............................. 19 Regulation ........................................................................................ 2 B2B Payments .........................................................................20 Banking ............................................................................................ 2 Simplifying Cross-Border Payments .....................................20 FinTech Marketing and Sales ......................................................... 2 Faster Payments Power ................................................................ 21 The Year in FinTech: 2018 Predictions .......................................... 2 The Payments Elephant..........................................................22 Toward A Golden Age of FinTech.................................... 3
    [Show full text]
  • The Future Past: Intertextuality in Contemporary Dystopian Video Games
    The Future Past: Intertextuality in Contemporary Dystopian Video Games By Matthew Warren CUNY Baccalaureate for Unique and Interdisciplinary Studies Submitted to: Timothy Portlock, Advisor Hunter College Lee Quinby, Director Macaulay Honors College Thesis Colloquium 9 May 2012 Contents I. Introduction: Designing Digital Spaces II. Theoretical Framework a. Intertextuality in the visual design of video games and other media b. Examining the established visual iconography of dystopian setting II. Textual Evidence a. Retrofuturism and the Decay of Civilization in Bioshock and Fallout b. Innocence, Iteration, and Nostalgia in Team Fortress and Limbo III. Conclusion 2 “Games help those in a polarized world take a position and play out the consequences.” The Twelve Propositions from a Critical Play Perspective Mary Flanagan, 2009 3 Designing Digital Spaces In everyday life, physical space serves a primary role in orientation — it is a “container or framework where things exist” (Mark 1991) and as a concept, it can be viewed through the lense of a multitude of disciplines that often overlap, including physics, architecture, geography, and theatre. We see the function of space in visual media — in film, where the concept of physical setting can be highly choreographed and largely an unchanging variable that comprises a final static shot, and in video games, where space can be implemented in a far more complex, less linear manner that underlines participation and system-level response. The artistry behind the fields of production design and visual design, in film and in video games respectively, are exemplified in works that engage the viewer or player in a profound or novel manner.
    [Show full text]
  • VIDEO GAME SUBCULTURES Playing at the Periphery of Mainstream Culture Edited by Marco Benoît Carbone & Paolo Ruffino
    ISSN 2280-7705 www.gamejournal.it Published by LUDICA Issue 03, 2014 – volume 1: JOURNAL (PEER-REVIEWED) VIDEO GAME SUBCULTURES Playing at the periphery of mainstream culture Edited by Marco Benoît Carbone & Paolo Ruffino GAME JOURNAL – Peer Reviewed Section Issue 03 – 2014 GAME Journal A PROJECT BY SUPERVISING EDITORS Antioco Floris (Università di Cagliari), Roy Menarini (Università di Bologna), Peppino Ortoleva (Università di Torino), Leonardo Quaresima (Università di Udine). EDITORS WITH THE PATRONAGE OF Marco Benoît Carbone (University College London), Giovanni Caruso (Università di Udine), Riccardo Fassone (Università di Torino), Gabriele Ferri (Indiana University), Adam Gallimore (University of Warwick), Ivan Girina (University of Warwick), Federico Giordano (Università per Stranieri di Perugia), Dipartimento di Storia, Beni Culturali e Territorio Valentina Paggiarin, Justin Pickard, Paolo Ruffino (Goldsmiths, University of London), Mauro Salvador (Università Cattolica, Milano), Marco Teti (Università di Ferrara). PARTNERS ADVISORY BOARD Espen Aarseth (IT University of Copenaghen), Matteo Bittanti (California College of the Arts), Jay David Bolter (Georgia Institute of Technology), Gordon C. Calleja (IT University of Copenaghen), Gianni Canova (IULM, Milano), Antonio Catolfi (Università per Stranieri di Perugia), Mia Consalvo (Ohio University), Patrick Coppock (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia), Ruggero Eugeni (Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano), Roy Menarini (Università di Bologna), Enrico Menduni (Università di
    [Show full text]
  • Playing Fair: Youtube, Nintendo, and the Lost Balance of Online Fair Use Natalie Marfo
    Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law Volume 13 | Issue 2 Article 6 5-1-2019 Playing Fair: Youtube, Nintendo, and the Lost Balance of Online Fair Use Natalie Marfo Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjcfcl Part of the Computer Law Commons, Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, Gaming Law Commons, Intellectual Property Law Commons, Internet Law Commons, and the Other Law Commons Recommended Citation Natalie Marfo, Playing Fair: Youtube, Nintendo, and the Lost Balance of Online Fair Use, 13 Brook. J. Corp. Fin. & Com. L. 465 (2019). Available at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjcfcl/vol13/iss2/6 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law by an authorized editor of BrooklynWorks. PLAYING FAIR: YOUTUBE, NINTENDO, AND THE LOST BALANCE OF ONLINE FAIR USE ABSTRACT Over the past decade, YouTube saw an upsurge in the popularity of “Let’s Play” videos. While positive for YouTube, this uptick was not without controversy. Let’s Play videos use unlicensed copyrighted materials, frustrating copyright holders. YouTube attempted to curb such usages by demonetizing and removing thousands of Let’s Play videos. Let’s Play creators struck back, arguing that the fair use doctrine protects their works. An increasing number of powerful companies, like Nintendo, began exploiting the ambiguity of the fair use doctrine against the genre; forcing potentially legal works to request permission and payment for Let’s Play videos, without a determination of fair use.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Wood1 I. Introduction Microtransactions Are Generally
    ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ RIGGING THE GAME: THE LEGALITY OF RANDOM CHANCE PURCHASES (“LOOT BOXES”) UNDER CURRENT MASSACHUSETTS GAMBLING LAW Thomas Wood1 I. Introduction Microtransactions are generally defined as any additional payment made in a video game after the customer makes an original purchase.2 Over time, microtransactions have increased in prominence and are featured today in many free-to-play mobile games.3 However, some video game developers, to the outrage of consumers, have decided to include microtransactions in PC and console games, which already require an upfront $60 retail payment.4 Consumer advocacy groups have increasingly criticized Microtransactions as unfair to 1 J.D. Candidate, Suffolk University Law School, 2020; B.S. in Criminal Justice and minor in Political Science, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 2017. Thomas Wood can be reached at [email protected]. 2 See Eddie Makuch, Microtransactions, Explained: Here's What You Need To Know, GAMESPOT (Nov. 20, 2018), archived at https://perma.cc/TUX6-D9WL (defining microtransactions as “anything you pay extra for in a video game outside of the initial purchase”); see also Microtransaction, URBAN DICTIONARY (Oct. 29, 2018), archived at https://perma.cc/XS7R-Z4TT (describing microtransactions sarcastically as a “method that game companies use to make the consumer’s wallets burn” and “the cancer of modern gaming”). 3 See Mike Williams, The Harsh History of Gaming Microtransactions: From Horse Armor to Loot Boxes, USGAMER (Oct. 11, 2017), archived at https://perma.cc/PEY6-SFL2 (outlining how the loot box model was originally created in Asia through MMOs and free-to-play games); see also Loot Boxes Games, GIANT BOMB (Nov.
    [Show full text]