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Users@Planet CCRMA Users@Planet CCRMA (The Linux Survival Guide) Juan Reyes [email protected] Abstract This guide takes the approach of a traveler’s survival companion and its sole purpose is to illustrate, show and inform new CCRMA users and visitors about computer resources and the Linux environment and applications which might be helpful for doing scientific research and compositional work at CCRMA. It also briefly describes the meaning of Open Source as a part of the laboratory and community philosophy here at CCRMA. Following is a brief history of hardware at CCRMA and descriptions of Linux as an operating system, the Unix environment, useful shell commands and many X windows, Gnome and KDE applications. In the applications section there will be useful descriptions of programs and information provided by developers’ documentation but do not discard some of the tricks and options as to our knowledge we present to the reader in some of these sections. If additional information is required in the case of a particular command, program or application, the reader is encouraged to look for more in-depth information on the Unix manual pages, on the web or in the links to home pages which are also provided here. Furthermore, there is some effort in several sections, to present solutions to common problems or challenges the system presents to the common user, beware of them. Contents 1PrefacetothisRevision 3 2Motivation:ComputerMusic 4 3SomeoftheHistoryofHardwareatCCRMA 4 4Downtospecifics:Linux 6 4.1 What-is-Linux ................................... ......... 6 4.2 Open-Source ..................................... ........ 6 4.3 Why-LinuxatCCRMA ................................ ....... 7 4.4 Choices: WhyRedHat,... Fedora . ............. 7 4.5 TheUnixEnvironment.............................. .......... 8 5Unix-softwareexamples: 9 5.1 Generaluse ...................................... ........ 10 5.2 ArchivingCommands ............................... ......... 10 5.3 Communications:................................. .......... 10 5.4 Sound-softwareandCCRMArelated:. .............. 11 5.5 Text-GraphicsandDesktopPublishing . ................ 11 5.6 Shell-printing printing by a shell command . ................. 11 5.7 SysAd-Commands: system administration commands . .................. 11 5.8 The-X-WindowSystem .............................. ......... 11 5.9 Popular-XwindowapplicationsatCCRMA . .............. 12 1 6 GNOME: http://www.gnome.org/ 13 7KDEhttp://www.kde.org/ 14 8ALSAhttp://www.alsa-project.org/ 14 9Applications 14 9.1 Terminal“Window” ................................ ......... 15 9.2 ElectronicMail-email. ............ 15 9.3 WebBrowsing..................................... ........ 20 9.3.1 CustomizingMozilla . ......... 21 9.4 Terminalshellcommands . ........... 24 9.5 Multimedia ...................................... ........ 26 9.6 Word Processing, Spreadsheets, Presentations, Office Tools ................... 27 9.6.1 Open-Office(OO) ................................. ..... 27 9.6.2 StarOffice...................................... ..... 30 9.6.3 LyX ........................................... 30 9.6.4 gnotepad ...................................... ..... 31 9.6.5 Gnumeric ...................................... ..... 31 9.6.6 AbiWord ....................................... 31 9.6.7 WordPerfect ................................... ...... 31 9.6.8 GnomeCard..................................... ..... 31 9.7 Text-Editors.................................... .......... 32 9.7.1 Vicommands.................................... ..... 33 9.7.2 Emacs Xemacscheatsheet . ........ 36 9.8 ImageManipulation ............................... .......... 39 9.9 Typesetting ..................................... ......... 40 9.10 Presentation-Applications . ................ 42 9.10.1 UsingProsperforPresentations. .............. 42 9.11 Music-Typesetting . ............ 44 9.12JACK ........................................... ...... 45 9.12.1 Qjackctl..................................... ....... 45 9.12.2 Using-JACK ................................... ...... 45 9.13SND............................................ ...... 46 9.13.1 Editing soundfiles with SND ................................ 48 9.13.2 Digital-Signal-Processing with SND ........................... 49 9.13.3 A-more-powerful SND ................................... 51 9.13.4 AdditiveSynthesisonSND . .......... 53 9.13.5 FM synthesis on SND .................................... 58 9.13.6 Simple Physical Modeling on Snd’s s7 ........................... 65 9.13.7 BandpassandotherFilters . ........... 69 9.13.8 MultichannelIntensityPanning . .............. 75 9.13.9 Snd’sInitializationFile . ............. 85 9.13.10MoreaboutSND................................ ....... 88 9.14 Sound-Utilities ................................ ............ 88 9.15 Sound-Compression. ............ 92 9.16 CompositionEnvironments . ............. 95 9.17MIDI-and-Sound ................................. .......... 97 9.18 Graphics,vector-based . .............. 99 9.19 Signal-Processing . ............. 100 9.20 DevelopmentEnvironment. ............. 101 9.21 SpellingCheckers............................... ............ 101 2 9.22 PostscriptandotherGraphicFormats . ................102 9.23 USBExternaldrivesandThumbdrives . .............. 102 9.24 Making-DVDsatCCRMAWorkstations . ............. 104 9.25MasteringCd’s .................................. .......... 105 9.25.1 Xcdroast ..................................... 105 9.25.2 cdrecord..................................... ....... 107 9.25.3 cdparanoia ................................... ....... 109 9.25.4 Printing-labels: cdlabelgen . .............. 109 A 9.25.5 Stamping a CD with LTEX .................................110 9.26 Comingoruntestedapplications . ...............112 10 Embedded Systems: 113 10.1AvrLib......................................... ........ 113 10.2 AVRLibonWiringandArduino . ........... 113 11 Hardware: 114 12TheOS-XLinuxConnection 115 12.1Fink ........................................... ....... 116 12.2SND-on-OSX ..................................... ........ 116 12.3 SND-binary-on-OSX . ........... 118 13USB-MIDI: 119 14CCRMA-lizeyourcomputer 119 14.1 MimicyourCCRMAHomeDirectory . ........... 119 14.2 PlanetCCRMA-DVD................................ ......... 120 14.3 Custom-Linux-Installation . ................120 14.4 After-a-Fedora-Linux Installation . ...................121 15Wireless-ToolsandNetworkingwithLinuxatCCRMA 124 1 Preface to this Revision This is a revision to the original “Users@PlanetCCRMA” page, result of a project to introduce CCRMA students, researchers, composers as well as interested people, part of the community or not. On this revision, features of previous editions are retained mainly for historical reasons, and for documentation. New and updated tricks and methods for current Linux Fedora workstations are part of these updates. Linux, being Unix for the masses, retains much of its model, thereby what has been learned before prevails and responds in similar ways. As with technology trends, most changes occur on hardware, therefore, new drivers and ways for accessing devices are always in need. In most respects main changes to this operating system are product of hardware and technological improvements. Furthermore, processors are speedier and available memory expands all the time, to the point that these are not a worries anymore. Linux being the quintessential development environment has projects coming out all the time, so new software and improvements to legacy applications are always happening. From musical or audio frameworks, paradigms remain the same, but in cases new methods and programs ease tasks, while permitting options not available years before. On this revision some of these changes are brought, in addition to a fresh new look at the interface, and updates to previous features. Well aware that after this guide was originally written, Wikis became the ’de facto’ mode of documentation, at this time we still find that CCRMA’s wiki complements this information and vice-versa. Since Linux continuously evolves, there is no option but to assert that this project remains a work in progress. Mon 30 Sep 2019 09:29:19 AM PDT 3 2 Motivation: Computer Music Intuition, insight, curiosity, discovery are qualities which help enhancing a lifestyle around various activities that keep CCRMA alive. Spirit of an explorer, to get around and finding out about the unknown, as well as artist intuition for knowing what is looking good, might be sound advice in order to be able expressing ideas as freely and as good as possible on the knoll surroundings but also within a established Computer Music community. The field of this subject matter is so dynamic that even meanings of what Computer Music might be are being changed as we speak. Perhaps Bill Schottstaedt’s vision relating Computer Music as the production of expressive music by means of computational tools, systems or devices can be a bit too generalized these days however for most purposes outlines most goals pertaining research and composition, scientific or artistic, of work done at CCRMA for most part. Computers are just tools for creation and knowledge production. At CCRMA they are essential for most activities and needs. Here we present a guide with elements that hopefully will assist users getting around a myriad of technologies that help ideas, hypotheses or, whatever the goal is, to materialize and become realities. Linux world at CCRMA might be a path to great discoveries. Curtis Roads (1985) points
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