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Water and Renewable Energy Resources in the Red Sea Region

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Water and Renewable Energy Resources in the Red Sea Region Water and Renewable Energy Resources in the Red Sea Region Eng. Sayed Mansour Eng. Mahmoud Eisa Wind Atlas • In 1996, a wind atlas of Suez Gulf area was issued in cooperation with the Danish, including wind data for 4 sites; Abou Eldarag, Zafarana, Elzait Gulf and Hurghada. • The areas in the west of Suez Gulf are considered as one of the best uninhabited desert regions which can host about 20000 MW installed capacities of wind farms. Average Wind speed 12 10 10.8 10 10.4 10.5 10.3 8 9.2 9 8.8 8.4 7.5 7.5 6 6.7 5.6 4 2 0 Hurghada Wind Farm The farm includes (42) units with different technologies and capacities from US, Denmark and Germany (2 blades,3 blades, pitch control, stall control, lattice & tubular towers, 100 &300 KW units). Some components were locally manufactured, such as blades, towers, mechanical and electrical joints which represent about 40% of the wind turbine. The farm has been connected to the local grid of the city on stages since 1993. Hurghada Wind Farm Experimental Site The first turbine was implemented in 1990 and then 3 turbines in 1992 from Wincon company. 100 kwh per wind turbine. Hurghada Wind Farm Main Site In June 1993 the project “Vents” was the first project to produce at the Main Site, including 10 wind turbines with 100 KWh each. The project was a German Donation ,it was working with the concept of pitch control system for two blades. Hurghada Wind Farm Main Site In 1994 the project “Wincon” has been implemented and started to produce in stages. The total project is 20 turbines of 100 KWH each. Hurghada Wind Farm Main Site In May 1995, the project “Nordtank” has been implemented and started to produce. The total project is 6 turbine of 300 KWH each, working with the concept of Aerodynamic brake system. Hurghada Wind Farm WETC The WETC team performed a variety of wind turbine tests and Power Quality Assessments, plus training courses on the field of new and renewable energy. Hurghada Wind Farm Hurghada Wind Farm 10000 8000 6000 9000 4000 2000 3000 5000 7000 1000 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Production MWH Production 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Hurghada Wind Farm Total Energy= 163 GWh Carbon emission 89.8 (1000) ton 550gm gas/kw Hurghada Wind Farm Fuel savings 35 (1000)ton 216.1 gm/kw Zafarana Wind Farm First Large Scale Wind Farm In Egypt Zafarana Wind Farm • This wind farm was implemented in several stages since 2001, through Governmental cooperation protocols with Germany, Denmark, Spain and Japan. • The total installed capacity in Zafarana wind farm is 545 MW. • The wind farm includes 700 turbines from different models (600 kw, 660 kw, 850 kw). Zafarana Wind Farm Production GWh 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Zafarana Wind Farm Carbon emission 5068 (1000 TON) Zafarana Wind Farm Fuel Savings 1936,000 Ton Wind Energy in Grid 2003 Thermal Hydro Wind Wind Energy in Grid 2013 Future Wind Farms • 200 MW Wind Farm Projects in Co-operation with KfW, European Investment Bank (EIB) and European Commission in Gulf of Zayt -> it is planned to be operated in two weeks from now. • 220 MW In cooperation with the Japanese Government -> it is planned to be operated in 2016. • 120 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Spanish Government -> it is planned to be operated in 2016. Future Wind Farms • 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners -> it is planned to be operated in 2016/ 2017. • 200 MW will be financed equally between NREA and the Masder Company (a company owned by UAE Government) -> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018. • 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners ->it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018. Future Wind Farms • 200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Japanese Government -> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018. Future Wind Farms via private sector (BOO) • 250 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on BOO basis in the Gulf of Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2016. • 500 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on a BOO basis in the Gulf of Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2017/2018. Future Wind Farms via private sector, Third Party Access • 120 MW Wind Farm in cooperation with Italgen in Gulf of Suez. The project is under implementation -> it is planned to be operated in 2016. • 600 MW Wind Farm on Usufruct System -> it is planned to be operated in 2016/2017 . Water Resources in the Red Sea Area • Pipelines from the Nile Valley • Groundwater • Desalination plants • Rain Pipelines from the Nile Valley Qena-Safaga pipeline - Has a total length of 180 km. - There are three parallel lines with different diameters: 200 mm, 300 mm and 400 mm. They are supported by 13 pumping stations distributed on the distance from Qena to Safaga. - The total capacities of the lines are 17,000 m3/d distributed on three cities: Hurghada, Safaga and El-Quseir Pipelines from the Nile Valley Koraimat pipeline - The Koraimat pipeline has a diameter of 1000 mm to Ras Ghareb and then 600 mm to Hurghada. - The total capacity of the pipeline is 28,000 m3/d distributed on three cities: Zafarana, Ras Ghareb and Hurghada. There are seven pumping stations on the pipeline. Rain & Groundwater . The Red Sea region is characterized by an arid climate, which varies from hot and rainless summer to extremely dry winter . Average rainfall is 17.4 mm/y, the greatest amount of rainfall precipitation was recorded in November 2004, with a value of 13 mm . The mean annual relative humidity is 43% . The mean annual evaporation rate is 16.8 mm. Infiltration capacity of the top soil in the study area, describes the passage of surface water into the ground for recharging shallow groundwater aquifer . The measured infiltration rate ranges between 1.33 m/day to 8.18 m/day Groundwater Groundwater wells are distributed mainly in valleys in the Eastern desert and serve the Bedouin communities Existing Desalination Plants in Red sea Governorate Total amount produced 12100 m3/day Planned Desalination plants in Red sea Governorate till 2037 Total capacity 507500 m3/day Total Capacity for desalination plants in Red-sea till 2037 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 2037 Amount of Water Produced By different sources in Red Sea Governorate River Nile Sea Water WTPs Desalination Korimat WTP Qena WTP 16 units Beni Sueif Total amount for Total amount Total amount produced 80000 produced 17000 produced m3/day m3/day 12100m3/day Solar Radiation • Heat • Light Egypt Annual Average of Direct Solar Radiation Red Sea region is from 7.7 to 9 KWh/m2/day NREA : Solar Atlas • The solar Atlas was issued in 1991, indicated that the average direct normal solar radiation ranges between 2000 – 3200 KWh/m2/year from North to South with very few cloudy days. • The sunshine duration ranges between 9 – 11 hr/day. NREA : Solar Thermal Water Heaters • The total installed area in Egypt is about 750 thousand m2. • There are about 20 Egyptian companies working in the field of manufacturing, importing, and installation of solar water heaters. NREA Projects EGYSOL • The project is implemented in cooperation between Egyptian Government, Italian Government and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP). • The project aims to implement a mechanism that support financing the dissemination of solar water heaters in hotels & resorts in Red Sea and Sinai Governorates with total cost of 500,000 US Dollar. NREA Projects : EGYSOL Hurghada . Hilton Long Beach 72.65 m2 . Marriott Beach Resort 33 m2 NREA Projects : EGYSOL 4 projects in Marsa Alam NREA Projects : water desalination was a simple project consisting of 6 units to produce about 350 Litter/day Desalination plants without NREA Solar Water Desalination in Hurghada Cooperation project between Akotech and SE NREA Projects : electricity 140 MW Kuraymat Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant NREA Projects: Kuraymat • The project is one of 3 similar projects which are being implemented in Africa (Morocco, Algeria and Egypt) and mainly depending on integrating solar field with combined cycle. • The capacity of the project is 140 MW including solar share of 20 MW. • The Total cost is about 340 Million US Dollar including 50 Million Dollar grant from the Global Environmental Facility (GEF). • The plant has been operated since July 2011. NREA Projects: Photovoltic • Electrifying Remote Villages by Photovoltic System in Siwa, Matrouh Governorate. • Photovoltic Solar Power Plants with capacity about 40 kw each. NREA Projects: future Photovoltic 20 MW PV Power Plant in Hurghada in cooperation with JICA NREA Projects: future Photovoltic NREA is implementing the project for electrifying 10 remote villages and communities in Red Sea region by using Photovoltaic System in collaboration with the UAE. NREA and Private sector Projects: future Photovoltic In July 2012, the Egyptian Solar Plan has been approved by the Cabinet, which is targeting to install about 3500 MW capacity by 2027 with private investment share of 67%, including enhancement of relevant local industry. PV project not including NREA Electrifying road poles in Hurghada Resources Energy Vission and Strategy Information A Need to CHANGE A Need to SAVE Strategy : Simple Strategy : Creative Strategy : Cheap Strategy : locally manufactured Business markets .
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