Peran Sepak Bola Sebagai Instrumen Diplomasi Inggris Terhadap Tiongkok Tahun 2013-2016

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Peran Sepak Bola Sebagai Instrumen Diplomasi Inggris Terhadap Tiongkok Tahun 2013-2016 PERAN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DIPLOMASI INGGRIS TERHADAP TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013-2016 Skripsi Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Oleh : Karim Bakri 1113113000088 PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2018 PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME Skripsi yang berjudul: PERAN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DIPLOMASI INGGRIS TERIIADAP TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013-2016 : t'a 1. Merupakan karya asli saya yang diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu 'il persyaratan memperoleh gelar Strata 1 di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2. Semua sumber yang saya gunakan dalam penulisan ini telah saya cantumkan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang berlaku di Universitas Islam Negeri ruf$ Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. I 3. Jika di kemudian hari terbukti bahwa karya saya ini bukan hasil karya asli saya atau merupakan hasil jiplakan dari karya orang lain, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi yang berlaku di Universitas Islam Negeri (UfN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. PER$ETUJUAI\I PEMBIMBING SKRIPSI Dengan ini, Perrbimbing Skripsi melryatakan bahwa matrasiswa: Nama : Karim Bakri NIM :1113113000088 Program Studi : Hubungan Intcrnasional t N Telah menyelesaikan penulisan skripsi judul: h" $-engan PERAN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI INSTRT]MEN DIPLOMASI INGGRIS TERIIADAP TIONGKOK TAHI]N 2OT3.2016 dan telah memenuhi persyaratan untuk diuji. Ciputat, 30 Juli 2018 Y\v"*:"i" \,- \ Irfrn R.,Hutasalune. I-L.M PENGESAHAN PAI{ITIA UJIAN SKRIPSI SKRIPSI PERAN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DIPLOMASI INGGRIS TERHADAP TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013-2016 Oleh Karim Bakri I I 131 13000088 Telah dipertahankan dalam sidang ujian skripsi di Fakultas Ilmu spsial dan Ilmu $ 'ii Politik Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada tanggal 26 Juli 2018. Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) pada Program Studi Hubungan Internasional. Sekretaris d.l I { ,d Diterima dan dinyatakan memenuhi syarat kelulusan tanggal 26 Jtili 2018. Ketua Plogram Studi Hubungan Internasional, l,' 1 l I ."r$l EI Fl N I i Ilt ABSTRAK Skripsi ini menganalisis peran sepak bola sebagai instrumen diplomasi Inggris terhadap Tiongkok tahun 2013-2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan proses sepak bola sebagai alat diplomasi Inggris melalui konsep Multi Track Diplomacy. Tujuan yang mendasari negara Inggris dan Tiongkok dalam menjalin hubungan kerjasama khususnya di bidang ekonomi kemudian dianalisis menggunakan konsep kepentingan nasional. Kerjasama dibidang sepak bola antara Inggris dan Tiongkok mulai massif dijalankan dimasa pemerintahan David Cameron yang pada waktu yang sama, Tiongkok dibawah kepemimpinan Xi Jinping sedang melakukan transformasi dibidang sepak bola. Sehingga pendekatan diplomasi sepak bola menjadi alasan yang rasional dan efisien bagi kedua negara dalam membangun hubungan yang harmonis serta menjalin kerjasama multi bidang dengan bersama mendapat keuntungan secara adil. Kata Kunci: Kepentingan Nasional, Kerjasama, Diplomasi, Sepak bola. iv KATA PENGANTAR Ungkapan rasa syukur atas keharibaan Allah SWT atas berkah dan izin- Nya sehingga penulisan skripsi ini dapat diselesaikan. Beriring sholawat dan taslim atas junjungan kita Rasulullah Muhammad SAW dalam memberi tauladan berupa jalan yang penuh hikmah. Dukungan dan motivasi kepada penulis hadir dari berbagai pihak sehingga skripsi dengan judul “Peran Sepak Sebagai Instrumen Diplomasi Inggris Terhadap Tiongkok Tahun 2013-2016” dapat dirampungkan. Ucapan terima kasih ini penulis sampaikan kepada: 1. Orang tua tercinta; Bapak Bakri dan Mama Saida, adik-adik tersayang; Anti, Salam, Susan dan Rahmah, beserta keluarga besar dari Ambo Aji Maseala dan Mama Aji Tennang beserta Abba Aji Nawawi Razak dan Mama Aji Munawwarah yang terkasih. 2. Bapak Ahmad Al Fajri, MA dan Ibu Eva Mushoffa, MHSPS; selaku Ketua dan Sekretaris Program Studi HI FISIP UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta atas kerja keras selama memimpin Prodi HI. 3. Bapak Irfan R. Hutagalung, LL.M ; selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi yang telah berbagi ilmu dan memberi dukungan dalam penyelesaian skripsi ini. 4. Dosen Ilmu Hubungan Internasional; terima kasih atas pengetahuan dan didikan selama masa kuliah penulis. 5. Ayahanda Prof. Nasaruddin Umar dan Ibunda Helmi Halimatul Udhma, Kak AM Firdaus, Orang tua AM30 dan Senior The Nusa Institute; terima kasih atas ke-ikhlasan mendidik penulis hingga sekarang ini. v 6. Terima kasih kepada Nurul Hikmah atas pengorbanan, kesabaran serta dukungan dan motivasinya kepada saya, untuk selalu kuat dalam kebersamaan ini. 7. Sahabat/i; Salim Amin, Ahmad Hutbi, Ihsan Mahmud, Kamsar HK, Erwin Syam, Kafrawi Saenong, A. Saiful Mubarak, Irwana Arif, Astuti Akin, Wahyuni Safitri, terima kasih telah memberi warna dalam perjalanan selama ditanah rantau. 8. Rekan-rekan Organisasi; PMII Komfisip, Ikami Sul-Sel Cab. Ciputat, Himahi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, FKMHII Korwil 2, KKP Bone, terima kasih telah berbagi pengalaman dan sinergi dalam kerja tim. 9. Kawan-kawan HI UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta; terima kasih atas semua pengalaman dalam perjalanan semasa kuliah. Semoga harapan, motivasi dan dukungan semua pihak dapat bernilai pahala disisi Allah SWT, Amin yaa Rabbal Alamin. Penulisan skripsi ini masih jauh dari sempurna sehingga kritik dan saran membangun menjadi masukan terbaik dan semoga skripsi ini memberi wawasan bagi pembaca seerta manfaat bagi kemajuan ilmu hubungan internasional. Ciputat, 11 Juli 2018 Karim Bakri vi DAFTAR ISI PERNYATAAN BEBAS PLAGIARISME ........................................................ i PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING SKRIPSI ....................................................... ii PENGESAHAN PANITIA UJIAN SKRIPSI ..................................................... iii ABSTRAK .......................................................................................................... iv KATA PENGANTAR ........................................................................................ v DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................. ix DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... x DAFTAR GAMBAR .......................................................................................... xi DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xii DAFTAR SINGKATAN .................................................................................... xiii BAB I PENDAHULUAN .................................................................................. 1 A. Pernyataan Masalah ................................................................................ 1 B. Pertanyaan Penelitian .............................................................................. 7 C. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................... 7 D. Tinjauan Pustaka ..................................................................................... 7 E. Kerangka Teori........................................................................................ 15 1. Konsep Multi Track Diplomacy .................................................. 15 2. Konsep Kepentingan Nasional .................................................... 17 F. Metode Penelitian.................................................................................... 18 G. Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................. 19 BAB II GAMBARAN UMUM HUBUNGAN BILATERAL INGGRIS - TIONGKOK ........................................................................................ 21 A. Hubungan Kerjasama Perdagangan antara Inggris-Tiongkok ................ 23 vii B. Investasi Tiongkok di Bidang Infrastruktur Inggris ................................ 29 C. Kerjasama Jangka Panjang Inggris-Tiongkok ........................................ 31 1. Kampanye Inggris sebagai Negara Tujuan Utama Bagi Wisatawan Tiongkok .................................................................. 33 2. Perjanjian di Bidang Budaya ....................................................... 34 3. Perjanjian di Bidang Kesehatan .................................................. 35 4. Kersajama Perdagangan Bebas ................................................... 36 5. Kerjasama di Bidang Sepak Bola ................................................ 37 BAB III KEBIJAKAN KERJASAMA SEPAK BOLA INGGRIS – TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013-2016 ........................................................ 39 A. Pengaruh Sepak Bola Terhadap Kebijakan Luar Negeri Suatu Negara .. 39 B. Kebijakan Kerjasama Inggris-Tingkok di Bidang Sepak Bola ............... 43 C. Faktor Pendukung Kebijakan Diplomasi Melalui Instrumen Sepak Bola .............................................................................................. 53 BAB IV ANALISIS PERAN SEPAK BOLA SEBAGAI INSTRUMEN DIPLOMASI INGGRIS TERHADAP TIONGKOK TAHUN 2013 – 2016 ............................................................................................. 57 A. Diplomasi Multi-Track Inggris ke Tiongkok Melalui Instrumen Sepak Bola .............................................................................................. 57 B. Kepentingan Nasional dalam Hubungan Kerjasama Inggris-Tiongkok . 65 BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................
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