Archaeological Desk Based Assessment
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK BASED ASSESSMENT LAND ADJACENT TO: NUTHALL ROUNDABOUT (M1 / JUNCTION 26) NOTTINGHAM LOCAL PLANNING AUTHORITY: BROXTOWE BOROUGH COUNCIL SITE CENTRED AT: NGR SK 5170 4400 KAREN FRANCIS BA, MIFA MARCH 2008 9578/08/01 Desk-Based Assessment of Land Adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout (M1 / Junction 26) Nottingham CONTENTS Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background 5.0 Site Conditions and the Proposed Development 6.0 Conclusions 7.0 Sources Consulted: Bibliographic and Cartographic APPENDIX 1: Gazetteer of HER Entries within a 500 m radius of the site Figures 1. Location map 1:25,000. 2. Site plan showing areas 1-3 (not to scale) 3. Nottinghamshire HER data, 1:12500 (after NCC) 4. Extract from Broxtowe Local Plan Proposal Map 5. 1774, Chapman’s map of Nottinghamshire 6. 1817. Plan of Nuthall Temple and Village 7. 1818-1838 David & Charles OS 1st edition 1" map 8. 1835. Sanderson’s map of twenty miles around Mansfield. 9. 1846 Nuthall Tithe map (NRO ref.: AT99/2A) 10. 1879-1890 OS map. Source - 1:2,500 11. 1885 OS map. Source - 1:10,560 12. 1900 OS map. Source - 1:2,500 13. 1908 Village Atlas. Surveyed 1876-82 14. 1920-21 OS map. Source - 1:10,560 15. 1938 OS map. Source - 1:10,560 16. 1955-1960. Source map scale - 1:2,500 17. 1969 OS map. Source - 1:1,250 18. Potentially ‘Important’ Hedgerows (not to scale) © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the Controller of HM Stationary Office Licence Number AL100014723. Plates 1. Area 1, looking east towards Hempshill Farm 2. Area 1, looking southeast towards Hempshill Farm and hall 3. Area 2 north, looking west 4. Area 2, looking east towards Area 3 5. Area 2, looking north over the weir, towards Hempshill Hall 6. Area 3, looking northeast towards Swigert Close 7. Area 3, looking northwest towards Hempshill Hall 8. Area 3, looking southeast towards the pond © CgMs Ltd No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however CgMs limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. 1 CgMs Limited © 9578/08/01 Desk-Based Assessment of Land Adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout (M1 / Junction 26) Nottingham SUMMARY A desk-based archaeological assessment has been carried out by CgMs Consulting on land adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout, Nottinghamshire, on behalf of BWB Consulting. Nuthall is a village and Ancient Parish on the western edge of Nottingham City, close to junction 26 of the M1 motorway. The proposed development site is located at Hempshill to the east of Nuthall, which was formerly a small hamlet annexed from the parish of Greasley. The site is approximately 5.9 hectares (14.5 acres) in total and is centred at National Grid Reference SK 5170 4400. The site has been nominally divided into three areas. Area 1 is 1.45 Ha. / 3.59 acres; Area 2 is 1.62 Ha./ 4.01 acres; Area 3 is 2.80 Ha. / 6.91 acres. Very little is known of the prehistory and early history of the Nuthall and Hempshill areas prior to the Domesday survey of 1086 AD. The survey records both a village and church at Hempshill, although their exact locations are now unknown. There are no listed buildings within the actual area of the proposed development site but there are a number of medieval, post-medieval and Industrial period listed buildings within the 500 m search area. Immediately adjacent to the proposed development site is Hempshill Hall, a Grade II listed building of 16th century date. The hall is associated with a Grade II listed farmhouse, built in the 17th century; and a Grade II listed barn and stable range, built in the mid 18th century. All of these buildings are well-preserved and are partially obscured from the proposed development site by mature trees and high walls. The former lodge of Hempshill Hall, which is unlisted, lies to the south of the proposed development site and is obscured from the site by the A610 road, which was built in the late 1960s. This desk-based assessment has established that, since the 11th century, Hempshill was the site of a small hamlet (now recorded as a Deserted Medieval Village on the HER) and a church. The exact location of these monuments is unknown, although it has been suggested that they were subsumed by the Hempshill Vale housing estate, which was built in the 1970s, prior to PPG16. If this is the case, it is fair to assume that since the 11th century, the proposed development site has been utilised as farmland and possibly parkland associated with Hempshill Hall and farm. There is some potential for the southern part of the site (particularly area 2) to contain the remains of a medieval mill that were documented in 1677, although this may have been destroyed by the construction of the A610 road. The assessment has established that the site has a low potential for remains of the Prehistoric, Roman, Saxon/early medieval and Modern periods. The site is considered to have a medium potential for remains of the post-medieval and Industrial periods and a high potential for remains of the medieval period. If planning permission were to be granted for the development of the site, any development would need to carefully consider the potential impact on the settings of the adjacent listed buildings associated with Hempshill Hall and farm. The potential impact on the historic hedgerows should also be a consideration. It is also recommended that further archaeological investigation be conducted on the site, following the staged approach recommended within PPG 16. Initially, this could take the form of a topographic and geophysical survey of the site. Depending on the results, archaeological trial trenching and/or open area excavation may be required by the Local Planning Authority. 2 CgMs Limited © 9578/08/01 Desk-Based Assessment of Land Adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout (M1 / Junction 26) Nottingham 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY 1.1 This archaeological desk-based assessment has been researched and prepared on behalf of BWB Consulting by Karen Francis, BA Hons., MIFA and edited by Roderick Dale, BA Hons., MA, MIFA of CgMs Consulting. 1.2 The assessment considers land adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout, to the east of Junction 26 of the M1 motorway. The proposed development site currently comprises a greenfield area located between the A6002 and A610 roads. Although plans have yet to be finalised, it is understood that the site will be the subject of a future planning application for a residential development. 1.3 Nuthall is located in the Borough of Broxtowe on the western edge of Nottingham City, close to junction 26 of the M1 motorway. Historically, Nuthall lay within the Broxtow Wapentake (South Division) and the Broxtowe Hundred. In the mid 1800s, Nuthall parish included the township and chapelry of Awsworth and contained 685 inhabitants and 1,200 acres of land. Nuthall was a small rural village at that time (Whites 1853). In 1894, the Civil Parish of Nuthall comprised the two ecclesiastical districts of Nuthall and Awsworth, and part of that of Kimberley. 1.4 Hempshill, within which the proposed development site is located, was a small hamlet located c. 1 km to the east of Nuthall village (Figure 1). Before 1877, about 50 acres of Hempshill formed a detached portion of Greasley Parish that was separated from the rest of it by Nuthall and Bulwell (Sanderson 1835; Sutton 1852, 130; White 1864, 618; White 1894, 40; Youngs 1979 (II), 365). By Local Government Board Order, Hempshill transferred from Greasley Parish to Nuthall in 1877 (Anon 1941, 838). 1.5 The proposed development site is approximately 5.9 hectares (14.5 acres) in total and is centred at National Grid Reference SK 5170 4400. The site has been nominally divided into three areas (Figure 2): • Area 1 is 1.45 Ha. / 3.59 acres; • Area 2 is 1.62 Ha./ 4.01 acres; • Area 3 is 2.80 Ha. / 6.91 acres. 1.6 The proposed development site is bounded to the north by existing residential properties on the Hempshill Vale Estate fronting onto Lovell Close and Swigert Close (Area 3); and by a modern gas converter (Area 1), (see Figure 2). To the south the site is bounded 3 CgMs Limited © 9578/08/01 Desk-Based Assessment of Land Adjacent to Nuthall Roundabout (M1 / Junction 26) Nottingham by the A610 road (Areas 2 and 3). To the west the site the site is bounded by Low Wood Road (Areas 1 and 2). To the east, the site is bordered by Hempshill Barn and by existing residential properties fronting onto Barn Close (Area 1); by the grounds of Hempshill Hall (Area 2); and by the car park and grounds of a motel (Area 3). 1.7 The whole site lies within an area of land currently designated as a Protected Open Area and Nature Conservation Site associated with Hempshill Hall (as defined by policies E12d and E16 respectively of the Broxtowe Local Plan). The hall itself is a Grade II listed building of likely 16th century origin (see 4.6.3). 1.8 In accordance with government guidance on archaeology and planning (PPG16) this assessment draws together the available archaeological, topographic and land-use information in order to clarify the archaeological potential of the site. 1.9 The assessment comprises an examination of evidence in the Nottinghamshire Historic Environment Record (NHER) (Figure 3 and Appendix 1), the Nottinghamshire Record Office (NRO) and the John Samuels Library.