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Broca's Region Broca’s Region Yosef Grodzinsky Katrin Amunts, Editors OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS BROCA’S REGION This page intentionally left blank BROCA’S REGION EDITED BY Yosef Grodzinsky Katrin Amunts 1 2006 Oxford University Press Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2006 by Yosef Grodzinsky and Katrin Amunts Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Broca’s region / edited by Yosef Grodzinsky, Katrin Amunts. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13 978-0-19-517764-0 ISBN 0-19-517764-9 1. Broca, Paul, 1824–1880. 2. Neurolinguistics. 3. Psycholinguistics. 4. Frontal lobes. 5. Sign language. 6. Aphasia. I. Grodzinsky, Yosef. II. Amunts, Katrin. QP399.B76 2005 612.8Ј2336—dc22 2004023816 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Contents Contributors ix II. Matters Linguistic Introduction xiii 4. Weak Syntax 49 I. Matters Anatomical SERGEY AVRUTIN 1. The Origin of Broca’s Area and Its 5. Speech Production in Broca’s Connections from an Ancestral Agrammatic Aphasia: Syntactic Working Memory Network 3 Tree Pruning 63 FRANCISCO ABOITIZ NAAMA FRIEDMANN RICARDO GARCÍA ENZO BRUNETTI 6. A Blueprint for a Brain Map of Syntax 83 CONRADO BOSMAN YOSEF GRODZINSKY 7. Evaluating Deficit Patterns of Broca’s 2. A Multimodal Analysis of Structure Aphasics in the Presence of High and Function in Broca’s Region 17 Intersubject Variability 108 KATRIN AMUNTS DAN DRAI KARL ZILLES 8. Treating Language Deficits in Broca’s 3. Broca’s Area in the Human and the Aphasia 119 Nonhuman Primate Brain 31 LEWIS P. SHAPIRO MICHAEL PETRIDES CYNTHIA K. THOMPSON v vi CONTENTS III. Motor Aspects and Sign Language V. Discussion 9. Broca’s Region: A Speech Area? 137 17. Jülich Workshop Excerpts 271 LUCIANO FADIGA LAILA CRAIGHERO VI. Historical Articles ALICE ROY Choices We Made: An Introduction to the 10. Broca’s Area in System Perspective: Historical Section 287 Language in the Context of Action- KATRIN AMUNTS Oriented Perception 153 YOSEF GRODZINSKY MICHAEL ARBIB 18. Comments Regarding the Seat of the 11. The Role of Broca’s Area in Sign Faculty of Spoken Language, Followed Language 169 by an Observation of Aphemia (Loss KAREN EMMOREY of Speech) (1861) 291 PAUL BROCA (1824–1880) IV. Psycholinguistic Investigations 19. On Affections of Speech from Disease 12. Broca’s Area and Lexical-Semantic of the Brain (1878–1879) 305 Processing 187 JOHN HUGHLINGS-JACKSON STEFANO F. CAPPA (1835–1911) DANIELA PERANI 20. On Aphasia (1885) 318 13. The Neural Basis of Sentence Processing: LUDWIG LICHTHEIM (1845–1928) Inferior Frontal and Temporal Contributions 196 21. Contributions to a Histological ANGELA D. FRIEDERICI Localization of the Cerebral Cortex— 14. Involvement of the Left and Right Frontal VI. Communication: The Division of Operculum in Speech and Nonspeech the Human Cortex (1908) 334 KORBINIAN BRODMANN (1868–1918) Perception and Production 218 MARTIN E. MEYER LUTZ JÄNCKE 22. The Agrammatical Language Disturbance: Studies on a 15. On Broca, Brain, and Binding 242 Psychological Basis for the Teaching PETER HAGOORT on Aphasia (1913) 337 ARNOLD PICK (1854–1924) 16. A Role for Broca’s Area Beyond Language Processing: Evidence from 23. The Cytoarchitectonics of the Fields Neuropsychology and fMRI 254 Constituting Broca’s Area (1931) 348 GEREON R. FINK LUDWIG RIEGELE ZINA M. MANJALY KLAAS E. STEPHAN JENNIFER M. GURD 24. The Phonological Development of KARL ZILLES Child Language and Aphasia as a KATRIN AMUNTS Linguistic Problem (1956) 355 JOHN C. MARSHALL ROMAN JAKOBSON (1896–1982) CONTENTS vii 25. Grammatical Complexity and Aphasic 27. Broca’s Area and Broca’s Aphasia Speech (1958) 369 (1976) 384 HAROLD GOODGLASS (1920–2002) JAY P. MOHR (1937–) J. HUNT 26. The Organization of Language and the Brain (1970) 376 Author Index 395 NORMAN GESCHWIND (1926–1984) Subject Index 407 This page intentionally left blank Contributors FRANCISCO ABOITIZ SERGEY AVRUTIN Departamento de Psiquiatría UiL OTS Escuela de Medicina Utrecht University Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Utrecht Santiago The Netherlands Chile [email protected] [email protected] CONRADO BOSMAN KATRIN AMUNTS Departamento de Psiquiatría Brain Mapping Escuela de Medicina Institut für Medizin Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Forschungszentrum Jülich Santiago Jülich Chile Germany [email protected] [email protected] ENZO BRUNETTI MICHAEL ARBIB Departamento de Psiquiatría Computer Science Department Escuela de Medicina Neuroscience Program and USC Brain Project Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile University of Southern California Santiago Los Angeles, CA Chile [email protected] [email protected] ix x CONTRIBUTORS STEFANO F. CAPPA RICARDO GARCÍA Università Vita Salute and Istituto Scientifico Departamento de Psiquiatría San Raffaele Escuela de Medicina Milano Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Italy Santiago [email protected] Chile [email protected] LAILA CRAIGHERO Department of Biomedical Sciences YOSEF GRODZINSKY Section of Human Physiology Department of Linguistics University of Ferrara McGill University Ferrara Montreal, Quebec Italy Canada [email protected] [email protected] DAN DRAI Weizmann Institute of Science JENNIFER M. GURD Rehovot Department of Psychology Israel University of Hertfordshire [email protected] Hatfield United Kingdom KAREN EMMOREY and Director Neuropsychology Unit Laboratory for Language and Cognitive University Department of Clinical Neurology Neuroscience Radcliffe Infirmary San Diego State University Oxford San Diego, CA United Kingdom [email protected] [email protected] LUCIANO FADIGA Department of Biomedical Sciences PETER HAGOORT Section of Human Physiology F.C. Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging University of Ferrara Nijmegen Ferrara The Netherlands Italy [email protected] [email protected] LUTZ JÄNCKE GEREON R. FINK Department of Neuropsychology Kognitive Neurologie Institute for Psychology Institut für Medizin University of Zürich Forschungzentrum Jülich Zürich Jülich Switzerland Germany [email protected] g.fi[email protected] KYLE JOHNSON ANGELA D. FRIEDERICI Department of Linguistics Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and University of Massachusetts Brain Sciences Amherst, MA Leipzig [email protected] Germany [email protected] ZINA M. MANJALY NAAMA FRIEDMANN Kognitive Neurologie School of Education Institut für Medizin Tel Aviv University Forschungzentrum Jülich Tel Aviv Jülich Israel Germany [email protected] [email protected] CONTRIBUTORS xi JOHN C. MARSHALL LEWIS P. SHAPIRO Neuropsychology Unit San Diego State University University Department of Clinical Neurology School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Radcliffe Infirmary Sciences Oxford San Diego, CA UK [email protected] [email protected] MARTIN E. MEYER Department of Neuropsychology KLAAS E. STEPHAN, MD Institute for Psychology Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience University of Zürich Institute of Neurology Zürich University College London Switzerland London [email protected] UK kstephan@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk DANIELA PERANI Università Vita Salute and Istituto Scientifico San Raffaele Milano CYNTHIA K. THOMPSON Italy Northwestern University [email protected] Communication Sciences and Disorders Evanston, IL MICHAEL PETRIDES [email protected] Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University Montreal, Quebec Canada KARL ZILLES [email protected] Institut für Medizin Forschungzentrum Jülich ALICE ROY Jülich Department of Biomedical Sciences Germany Section of Human Physiology and University of Ferrara C. and O.Vogt für Hirnforschungs Institut Ferrara Heinrich-Heine-Universität Italy Düsseldorf, Germany [email protected] [email protected] This page intentionally left blank Introduction Broca’s region has been in the news ever since sci- these mechanisms are housed have interesting char- entists first hit upon the idea that particular cognitive acteristics and important implications for how brain functions can be localized to parts of the cerebral cor- function relates to behavior. Thus, Broca’s region fea- tex. Its discoverer, Paul Broca, was one of the first sci- tures prominently in the study of brain–behavior entists to argue that there is a direct connection be- relations. tween a concrete piece of behavior—in this case, the The first studies of Broca’s region focused on lan- use of language, or what Broca called “articulated guage pathologies caused by brain lesions. The results speech”—and a specific cortical region. Today, of this early work by Broca, Wernicke, and their con- Broca’s region is probably the most famous part
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