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Stimulation Du Cortex Préfrontal: Mécanismes Neurobiologiques De Stimulation du cortex préfrontal : Mécanismes neurobiologiques de son effet antidépresseur Adeline Etievant To cite this version: Adeline Etievant. Stimulation du cortex préfrontal : Mécanismes neurobiologiques de son effet an- tidépresseur. Médecine humaine et pathologie. Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. Français. NNT : 2012LYO10021. tel-00865594 HAL Id: tel-00865594 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00865594 Submitted on 24 Sep 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Année 2012 Thèse n°021 - 2012 THESE pour le DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON 1 Ecole doctorale Neurosciences et Cognition Discipline : Neurosciences Soutenue publiquement 23 février 2012 Par Adeline ETIÉVANT STIMULATION DU CORTEX PREFRONTAL : Mécanismes neurobiologiques de son effet antidépresseur Membres du jury : Mr. François JOURDAN Président Mr. Bruno GUIARD Rapporteur Mr. Raymond MONGEAU Rapporteur Mme. Véronique COIZET Examinateur Mr. Bruno MILLET Examinateur M. Nasser HADDJERI Directeur de thèse REMERCIEMENT " " Lg" uqwjckvg" vqwv" f)cdqtf" tgogtekgt" vtflu" ukpefltgogpv" ngu" ogodtgu" fg" oqp" lwt{" swk" qpv" ceegrvfiu"f)fixcnwgt"eg"vtcxckn"<"Oguukgwtu"Dtwpq"Iwkctf"gv"Tc{oqpf"Oqpigcw"gp"swcnkvfi" fg" tcrrqtvgwtu." 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Afin de caractériser les mécanismes sous-jacents l’action de la DBS, et plus particulièrement, la possible implication du système glial, les effets de la stimulation du cortex préfrontal infralimbique sur plusieurs marqueurs précliniques de la réponse antidépressive ont été évalués chez le rat. Ce travail de thèse, en utilisant des approches électrophysiologiques, immunohistochimiques et comportementales, montre que la DBS aigue (130 Hz, 150 μA) induit des comportements pseudo- antidépresseurs (évalués dans le test de nage forcée) qui sont associés à une augmentation de l’activité des neurones 5-HT du raphé dorsal et de la neurogenèse du gyrus denté. De plus, la DBS aigue est capable de renverser les effets du stress sur la métaplasticité synaptique hippocampique. Par ailleurs, la DBS à plus faible intensité
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