______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2009______117 THREE NEW RECORDS OF ALEUROVIGGIANUS IACCARINO (HEMIPTERA: STERNORRHYNCHA: ALEYRODIDAE) FROM IRAN WITH IDENTIFICATION KEY

Hassan Ghahari*, Chiun-Cheng Ko** and Hadi Ostovan***

* Department of Entomology; Islamic Azad University; Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; email: [email protected] ** Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; email: [email protected] *** Department of Entomology, Islamic Azad University, Fars Science and Research Branch, Iran; email: [email protected]

[Ghahari, H., Ko, C.-C. & Ostovan, H. 2009. Three new records of Aleuroviggianus Iaccarino (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Aleyrodidae) from Iran with identification key. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 4 (1): 117-120]

ABSTRACT: A total of three Aleuroviggianus species including, A. adrianae Iaccarino, A. halperini Bink-Moenen, and A. zonalus Bink-Moenen were identified for the first time from Iran. Identification key, host plants and distributional data are given in this paper.

KEYWORDS: Aleyrodidae, Aleuroviggianus, New record, Quercus, Iran

The plant genus Quercus (Fagales: Fagaceae), commonly known as oaks, comprises species which are deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs. There is not any literature about the exact number of Quercus species, but probably 500 species exist in different regions of the world (Weeda et al, 1985). Oaks have a mainly Holarctic distribution but in the Old World they extend from Europe to the Atlas Mountains of North Africa, and in the mountains of Asia they can be found as high as 3000 m above sea level (Camus 1939). In a total of 14 oak tree species including, Q. brandtii, Q. calliprinos, Q. cardochorum, Q. castanefolia, Q. coccifera, Q. iberica, Q. infectoria, Q. komarovii, Q. libani, Q. macranthera, Q. persica, Q. petraea var. iberica, Q. ithaburensis, Q. rotundifolia (Kiabi et al. 1993; Modarres Awal 1997; Ghahari et al, 2008) were identified from different regions of Iran. The family Aleyrodidae comprising 1556 accepted species names in 161 genera (Martin and Mound 2007). The most common species which attack to the oak trees are Aleuroviggianus spp. This genus is a pen-Mediterranean genus with six included species, and yet none of these six had been described in Bink-Moenen and Gerling (1990) and four more by Bink-Moenen (1992). However all these species feed only on evergreen oaks (Martin et al, 2000). Totally six Aleuroviggianus species were identified from all over the world so far which all of them are from West Palearctic especially Mediterranean region. The whitefly fauna of Iran is very diverse but unknown. Although, there have been a number of publications of whiteflies in different regions (Kiriukhin 1947; Zarrabi 1991, 1998a, b; Ghahari & Hatami 2001; Manzari and Alemansoor, 2005), but there has been no account of the group across the whole region. The whiteflies species which recorded from the oak leaves are Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Alemansoor 1992; Ghahari et al, 2007). In the present research the genus Aleuroviggianus Iaccarino 1982 as one of the oaks' pests in Mediterranean and Middle East regions is studied.

118 ______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2009______MATERIALS AND METHODS

The faunstic on which our work is based have been conducted by the collection of whitefly puparia and prepared in the method of Bink (1979). The illustration of each species show the dorsal half of a pupal case on the left and the ventral side on the right, also the margin, submargin around the tracheal pore area and the vasiform orifice, along with other necessary details. The characters were described as observed in mounted pupal cases, except for the coloration and wax cover that were described from intact specimens. The terminologies used were those of Bink-Moenen (1983) and Martin (1985). Distribution data and host plants were adapted from Bink-Moenen (1992), Martin et al, (2000) and Evans (2007). The aleyrodid specimens of this paper are preserved in HGCol (Hassan Ghahari Collection).

Acronyms Depositories of Aleuroviggianus Types BMCol Bink-Moenen Collection, Netherlands BMNH British Museum Natural History Museum, London, UK UNP Universita degli Studi di Napoli, Portici, Italy

RESULTS

Totally three Aleuroviggianus species including, A. adrianae Iaccarino, A. halperini Bink-Moenen, and A. zonalus Bink-Moenen were collected and identified for the first time from Iran. All these species were collected from the leaves of oak trees including, Quercus rotundifolia, Q. iberica and Q. coccifera, respectively.

Genus Aleuroviggianus Iaccarino 1982 Aleuroviggianus Iaccarino 1982: 37. Type species. Aleuroviggianus adrianae Iaccarino 1982, by original designation.

Aleuroviggianus adrianae Iaccarino 1982 Aleuroviggianus adrianae Iaccarino 1982: 38. Holotype. Italy: Portici, on Quercus ilex, UNP Distribution. Europe and Mediterranean countries including, Greece, Corfu, Corsica, Egypt, Italy, France, Morocco, Sardinia, Sicily, Spain (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). Host plant. Quercus ilux, Q. rotundifolia, Q. suber (Fagaceae) (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). Material examined. Mazandaran province: Savadkooh (780 m), 9.viii.1997 (H. Ghahari) on Quercus rotundifolia. Natural enemies of the world: Amitus vesuvianus Viggiani & Mazzone 1982 (Platygastridae); Encarsia aleuroilicis Viggiani 1982 (Aphelinidae) (Evans, 2007). Comment: The pupal case is distinguishable by its black colour, tuberculate dorsum, elongate shape and the obscured lingula tip, the adult by the elongate labial tip with its almost cylindrical distal end.

Aleuroviggianus halperini Bink-Moenen 1992 Aleuroviggianus halperini Bink-Moenen 1992, in Bink-Moenen and Gerling 1991: 14. Holotype. Israel: Mt. Meron, ix.1976, R. Neeman, on Quercus calliprinos, Bink-Moenen Col. Distribution: Europe and Mediterranean countries including, Crete, Greece, Israel, Rhodes, Turkey (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). Host plants: Quercus calliprinos, Q. coccifera, Q. ithaburensis (Fagaceae) (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). ______Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 4, No. 1, January 2009______119

Material examined: Kermanshah province, Kermanshah (1294 m), 6.ix.2002 (H. Ghahari) on Quercus iberica. Guilan province, Rasht (39 m), 14.vii.2003 (H. Ghahari) on Q. calliprinos. Comment: The general outline of the pupal case of A. halperini is most similar to that of A. adrianae, but is distinguishable by its broader shape, presence of thoracic tracheal pores in the apparent margin and thoracic tracheal combs in the real margin, elongate shape of the vasiform orifice and large exposed lingula tip. A parasitoid, Eretmocerus sp. was reared from A. halperini.

Aleuroviggianus zonalus Bink-Moenen 1992 Aleuroviggianus zonalus Bink-Moenen 1992: 33. Holotype pupal case. Greece: on Quercus coccifera, BMNH. Distribution: Europe and Mediterranean countries including, Albania, Greece, Corfu, Crete, Kos, Rhodes, Turkey (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). Host plant. Quercus coccifera (Fagaceae) (Bink-Moenen, 1992; Evans, 2007). Material examined: Kordestan province, Sanandaj (1500 m), 11.vi.2001 (H. Ghahari) on Quercus coccifera. Comment: The pupal case of this species is easily distinguishable by the typical colour pattern and the absence of the first abdominal setae.

Key to Iranian Aleuroviggianus species (Pupal cases)

1- Segment VII not visible medially …………………………………………...…….. 2 1'- Segment VII visible medially ……………..…………………………… A. zonalus 2- Lingula tip not, or just, exposed ……………………………..…….. A. adrianae 2'- Lingula tip exposed ………………………….…………………...……. A. halperini

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors are indebted to Dr. L. M. Russell (USDA) for invaluable help and scientific cooperation, and also Dr. R. M. Bink-Moenen (Zuider-eng 6; 6721 HH Bennekom; The Netherlands), Dr. F. M. Iaccarino (Universita degli studi di Napoli, Departimento di Entomologia Agraria, Italy), and Dr. A. Dubey (Indian Institute of Science) for editing the manuscript. The research was supported by Tehran and Fars Science & Research Branch, Islamic Azad University.

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