Modern Indian Leprosy : Being the Report of a Tour in Kattiawar, 1876 : with Addenda on Norwegian, Cretan and Syrian Leprosy
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BHOTAD Jfo Leprosy dt # Dmrd Mho/amildar BHAONAGAR fVCHg/Ju' Tersunia Sannsm- Hh.itlu TALAOA Soul' FIRST MAP OF PART of KATT 1 AWAR bo pres' IffWbfadfX - Malasv ILLUSTRATING CARTERS TOUR. U.EPER-LOGAUTIES. NON -LEPER- VI LL AGES -thus Elevation' above seen. level/ in- J'iqrtres. JVative Slates Xe. other than/ Ehaonagar are shaded/ Authors Main/ Route- the/ 6lack line. BHOTAD 250 Ft. Laprosy very rare. CADHRA ',0/jrosy not common,. NOHOLA 5fW.r; UMRALA FALIJRNA 300 Ft. Sea. - levcl/ JVorth, Meridian, Hills S. of smOR^r^tao Fi 300 FT Zep. frequent PA LITAHA 350 Ft. Leprosy frequent Me,)J. trrque/ir. Music/ old, ULstriat. A b Paj-oIlsJ/ if 22 ° 35 Jforth/ Laht//et& H V C/Rrt/t del. MODERN INDIAN LEPROSY BEING THE REPORT OF A TOUR IN KATTIAWAR 1876 WITH ADDENDA ON NORWEGIAN, CRETAN AND SYRIAN LEPROSY at the espouse of tlje (£biefs of |iattiiUoar c BOMBAY: 1876 . BOMBAY: PRINTED AT THE TIMES OP INDIA STEAM PRESS. :: CONTENTS. Pages. Pages. Contents v.-vi. Kukad (Goghabarali) 54 Preface vii.-viii. Jaspura, Sonsya, Mitiviri, Khadarpar, Cbya, Karsalia, Bharbharia, Hathab, Koliak, Introduction ix.-x. Ratan- pur Nowa, Bhumbhli 55-58 Tour in Ivattiawar—Part I., Diary. 8 . Remaining districts of Bhaonagar — 59 1. The Duslerohi district (Bhaonagar State) : 9. Gohelwar 60 Budhel general sanitation 1-2 Hadewara, ; 10. The Gogha district 60 Chitra, Akwara, Malunka, Tarsimia, Rewa, Detailed Rewapura 3-5 Leper-list 61-64 2. Thana of Songadh (Gohelwar) : —Jhitri, Kato- Part II.—Analysis and Comments. dia, Nana Suraka, Mota Suraka, Walawad, 1. General Prevalence of Leprosy 65 Panchoura : general remarks on diet, &c. ... 5-7 2. Its topographical distribution in Areas 65 3. District of Palitana : —Gheti, Malapura, Moknrka, Jambhali, Loharwar, Harmatia, 3. The disease in towns, villages and hamlets ... 67-68 Waria, Pertabgurh, Mota Rathli, Jamanwadi, 4. Leprosy in the individual forms, course, end. 69-70 Kidaria, Sendolia, Lonsudda, Randola, Saga- Statistics of sex, age, caste, occupation 70-72 pnra, Virpur, Jhalia, Pithalpur 7-11 5. Present ldstomy of disease origin 72 4. The Kundla district (Bhaonagar) 12 Villages with one or two lepers : contem- Jesur, Hipawadli, Ranigam, Ranpurda, Wanda, porary beginning of the disease 73 Piawa, Pithaodi, Senjal, Wansiali, Selna, Spread of leprosy : Makhda, Bhamodra M 12-18 its present duration : migration of lepers Kundla cum Sawar 18-23 74 Causes and propagation of the disease : ende- Mota Jhinjhodra, Bhadhda, Bhuwa, Nesadi, mic, hygienic, specific agencies 75-76 Loara, Jhabal 23-27 Contagion and heredity 76-79 5. The Mhowa district (Bhaonagar), Vadal 27 Summary and Suggestion Mhowa and Kutpar 28-34 79-81 Bhadrode, Talgajadra, Kheri, Gujarda, Du- Addenda on modern Norwegian, Cretan and Syrian gheri, Dudhala, Neswad, Umniavadar, Tarid, Leprosy. Waghnagar 34-37 Norway 82 6 . Thana of Datta (Gohelwar) 37 (Warli, near Bombay) 84 7. The Talaja district (Bhaonagar) 37 Italy, Scio, Crete 85 Methla, Vunjodri, Mangela, Bhungar, Borkhi, Palestine : Ramullah, Beitjala and Ramleli ... 86 Gudeshar, Kotra Mota, Kotra Nana, Bham- bor, Badaukia, Kerala 38-41 Leper-lists from Jerusalem and Ramleb 90 Pratapara, Jhanjmir, Rajpura, Pithalpur, Summary on the disease in Palestine 93 Khandera, Neswad, Mahadeopura, Uncheri, General remarks on these data 94 Ambala, Gudhula, Gopnath 41-45 Sartanpur, Dakana, Gorkhi, Isora, Piparla ... 4G-47 Maps, &c. First of affected localities Bela, Dihor, Bhadrawal, Neswad, Bliaroli, Map in Kat- tiawar, Author’s Timana, Rampura, Sholawadar, Phulsar 48-51 route, &c Frontispiece. Second Map showing numbers of lepers Duslerohi district again : —Trapaj 51-52 and dates of disease Page 72 Bhapada, Katwa, Munar, Alang, Nowagara, Sketches of some present abodes of Paniali 52-53 lepers End. — PREFACE. To complete the account of Modern Indian Mi*. Peile ; to Major J. W. Watson, Staff Corps, Leprosy, there was wanting a description of the Mr. E. H. Percival, C.S., and Mr. Gowrishankar ‘ haunts and homes’ of this fell disease. Our Udeyshankar, the late and present Joint Adminis- as existing knowledge of the malady a whole trators of the Bhaonagar State ; also to Captain having been summarised, some statistical in- J. Hunter, Assistant Political Agent in Gohelwar, formation being already gained and valued and to Mr. A. A. Borradaile, C.S., Collector and European experience made accessible,* it remained Magistrate of Ahmedabad. From Thakore to initiate local enquiry in India ; and, as a first Saheb Taklmtsingji of Palitana, I received most contribution thereto, the essay detailed below was hospitable entertainment ; and for much needful attempted. local aid, I am indebted to Native officials at Thus, in continuance of similar wr ork carried out Bhaonagar, Songadh, Kundla, Mhowa, Datta, in Norway, Crete and Palestine, I sought and Talaja and Trapaj. obtained, towards the close of last year, the To Surgeon-General W. Thom, Indian liberal permission of Government to devote a few Medical Department, and to Mr. Hewlett, Acting months to special research in Kattiawar—this Sanitary Commissioner, I owe many useful province of Western India being selected, because it suggestions; and to Dr. Blomfield, Civil Surgeon was known that the leprous disease is common at Rajkot, much obliging information. Nor there, and becauso the Native Chiefs of Kattiawar should I omit to mention the ready co-operation have already manifested a practical interest in of the Native Surgeons in charge of hospital and the alleviation of suffering by their support, since dispensaries at Bhaonagar, Songadh, Kundla, 1850, of an Asylum for Lepers at Rajkot. Mhowa and Talaja. Thanks to the representations of Mr. J. B. Peile, It was found convenient to limit the sphere C.S., Political Agent of Kattiawar, the same of enquiry to Bhaonagar, and immediately gentlemen voted a deputation allowance in aid of adjoining States; the rest of the province of my tour : their names are as follows : Kattiawar, therefore, remains open for future THE NAWAB SAHEB OF JUNAGURH. research. THE JAM SAHEB OF NAWANAGAR. During a period of nearly three months, I THE THAKORE SAHEB OF BHAONAGAR. THE RAJ SAHEB OF DHRANGDERA. travelled over upwards of 600 miles, inspected THE RANE SAHEB OF PORBANDAR. 127 villages and took notes of 262 cases of THE THAKORE SAHEB OF BIIAGVATSINGJI. leprosy. „ „ WADWAN. „ „ L1MRI. The method of enquiry employed, was as „ MORVI. „ follows : —infected and some non-infected hamlets „ „ PALITANA. j villages towns were visited and examined the RHAUHAR ALLA CHELLA OF JU8DHAN. and ; BAB1 KAMALORDIN and others, BATWA. chief and older men were consulted, as to the My warmest acknowledgments are due to present and past history of leprosy in each locality ; and all known lepers were collected, seen and * See the author’s communications to the Bombay Medical questioned aid of an interpreter, according to and Physical Society, 1862 and 1871, and other articles in by the Transactions of the Pathological and Medico-Chirurgical the following scheme, which is that I finally Societies of London, See., which are mostly summarised in the large work on leprosy, &c., published under the sanction of adopted for all these points. H. I. M.’s Secretary of State for India in Council, 1874. Also 1. Locality. Position and site number of Official Reports on the Leper Asylums in Norway (1874), and — ; a second series on leprosy in N. Italy, Scio, Crete and Palestine, water- houses and general condition ; castes, food, issued under the same authority (1876). Besides, there are guinea-worm, mycetoma, many other useful and most excellent contributions to our supply ; prevalence of knowledge in the Report of the R. College of Physioians, cholera, fevers, ophthalmia and common diseases ; London (1867), the late Report on skin-diseases of Drs. Fox and Farquhar, in papers by Dr. Vincent Richards and in the existence or non-existence of leprosy. Reports issued by the Governments of the several Presidencies of India. 2. Previous history of this disease, so far as now PREFACE. viii Thus, the influence of diet and personal known—number of former lepers, sex, name, research. disease hygiene in originating disease, together with the caste, age, birth-place, place where the of of strictly endemic conditions (as soil and appeared, place where death occurred, date effects (anesthetic minute living agencies), the proof of contagion death, duration of malady, its form of former lepers, and and of the actual conveyance of disease by human or tubercular) ; ancestors intercourse, are points obviously not to be settled their descendants. visit yet what has been effected is age, in a passing : 3. Examination of the leper.—Sex, name, and, not without interest, or even significance ; as caste, occupation, birth-place, has travelled and another gain, the field of future enquiry has where, how long resident, duration of disease, Present become better defined by the dissipation of some how it began and its after course. erroneous notions. symptoms—head, trunk, limbs, palate, inguinal should add that an abstract of my tour in of cutaneous sensibility. I glands, &c. ; state Kattiawar having been before submitted, with other History parents, brother, sister, relatives in — papers, to the Eight Honorable the Secretary of direct and collateral line, any family taint mar- in Council and ordered to be sex, age State for India ried or not, wife, husband ; number, printed, some of the following observations may be and date of birth (i.e., before or after commence- the present Report found to be repetitions ; but ment of parents’ disease) of the children. Contact drawn up altogether afresh, and it of malady diet, has been with other lepers, supposed cause ; embodies much fuller data and conclusions. No occupation and residence at its outbreak ; its apology, too, can be needed for the addition to progress since and now. \\ hether or not this Report of some like original facts and memo- separated from the rest of the family : are there randa, respecting the cognate malady in Norway, running sores ? General condition : syphilitic Crete, &c., and Palestine; for a comparative taint : remarks.