Poplars, Aspens, and Willows
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Tree Species Distribution Maps for Central Oregon
APPENDIX 7: TREE SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MAPS FOR CENTRAL OREGON A7-150 Appendix 7: Tree Species Distribution Maps Table A7-5. List of distribution maps for tree species of central Oregon. The species distribution maps are prefaced by four maps (pages A7-151 through A7-154) showing all locations surveyed in each of the four major data sources Map Page Forest Inventory and Analysis plot locations A7-151 Ecology core Dataset plot locations A7-152 Current Vegetation Survey plot locations A7-153 Burke Museum Herbarium and Oregon Flora Project sample locations A7-154 Scientific name Common name Symbol Abies amabilis Pacific silver fir ABAM A7-155 Abies grandis - Abies concolor Grand fir - white fir complex ABGR-ABCO A7-156 Abies lasiocarpa Subalpine fir ABLA A7-157 Abies procera - A. x shastensis Noble fir - Shasta red fir complex ABPR-ABSH A7-158 [magnifica x procera] Acer glabrum var. douglasii Douglas maple ACGLD4 A7-159 Alnus rubra Red alder ALRU2 A7-160 Calocedrus decurrens Incense-cedar CADE27 A7-161 Chrysolepis chrysophylla Golden chinquapin CHCH7 A7-162 Frangula purshiana Cascara FRPU7 A7-163 Juniperus occidentalis Western juniper JUOC A7-164 Larix occidentalis Western larch LAOC A7-165 Picea engelmannii Engelmann spruce PIEN A7-166 Pinus albicaulis Whitebark pine PIAL A7-167 Pinus contorta var. murrayana Sierra lodgepole pine PICOM A7-168 Pinus lambertiana Sugar pine PILA A7-169 Pinus monticola Western white pine PIMO3 A7-170 Pinus ponderosa Ponderosa pine PIPO A7-171 Populus balsamifera ssp. trichocarpa Black cottonwood POBAT A7-172 -
Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Figured Wood in Poplar
Genetic and Phenotypic Characterization of Figured Wood in Poplar Youran Fan1,2, Keith Woeste1,2, Daniel Cassens1, Charles Michler1,2, Daniel Szymanski3, and Richard Meilan1,2 1Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, 2Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, and 3Department of Agronomy; Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907 Abstract Materials and Methods When “Curly Aspen” (Populus canescens) was first Preliminary Results characterized in the early 1940’s[1], it attracted the attention from the wood-products industry because Genetically engineer commercially 1) Histological sections reveal that “Curly Aspen” has strong “Curly Aspen” produces an attractive veneer as a important trees to form figure. ray flecks (Fig. 10) but this is not likely to be responsible result of its figured wood. Birdseye, fiddleback and for the figure seen. quilt are other examples of figured wood that are 2) Of the 15 SSR primer pairs[6, 7, 8] tested, three have been commercially important[2]. These unusual grain shown to be polymorphic. Others are now being tested. patterns result from changes in cell orientation in Figure 6. Pollen collection. Branches of Figure 7. Pollination. Branches Ultimately, our genetic fingerprinting technique will allow “Curly Aspen” were “forced” to shed collected from a female P. alba us to distinguish “Curly Aspen” from other genotypes. the xylem. Although 50 years have passed since Figure 1. Birdseye in maple. pollen under controlled conditions. growing at Iowa State University’s finding “Curly Aspen”, there is still some question Rotary cut, three-piece book McNay Farm (south of Lucas, IA). 3) 17 jars of female P. alba branches have been pollinated match (origin: North America). -
Populusspp. Family: Salicaceae Aspen
Populus spp. Family: Salicaceae Aspen Aspen (the genus Populus) is composed of 35 species which contain the cottonwoods and poplars. Species in this group are native to Eurasia/north Africa [25], Central America [2] and North America [8]. All species look alike microscopically. The word populus is the classical Latin name for the poplar tree. Populus grandidentata-American aspen, aspen, bigtooth aspen, Canadian poplar, large poplar, largetooth aspen, large-toothed poplar, poplar, white poplar Populus tremuloides-American aspen, American poplar, aspen, aspen poplar, golden aspen, golden trembling aspen, leaf aspen, mountain aspen, poplar, popple, quaking asp, quaking aspen, quiver-leaf, trembling aspen, trembling poplar, Vancouver aspen, white poplar Distribution Quaking aspen ranges from Alaska through Canada and into the northeastern and western United States. In North America, it occurs as far south as central Mexico at elevations where moisture is adequate and summers are sufficiently cool. The more restricted range of bigtooth aspen includes southern Canada and the northern United States, from the Atlantic coast west to the prairie. The Tree Aspens can reproduce sexually, yielding seeds, or asexually, producing suckers (clones) from their root system. In some cases, a stand could then be composed of only one individual, genetically, and could be many years old and cover 100 acres (40 hectares) or more. Most aspen stands are a mosaic of several clones. Aspen can reach heights of 120 ft (48 m), with a diameter of 4 ft (1.6 m). Aspen trunks can be quite cylindrical, with little taper and few limbs for most of their length. They also can be very crooked or contorted, due to genetic variability. -
Application of Phytoindication Method for Controlling Air Pollution in Yerevan, Armenia
June 2010, Volume 4, No.4 (Serial No.29) Journal of Life Sciences, ISSN 1934-7391, USA Application of Phytoindication Method for Controlling Air Pollution in Yerevan, Armenia Gayane S. Nersisyan and Hasmik A. Hovhannisyan The Center for Ecological-Noosphere Studies, the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan 0025, Armenia Received: April 12, 2010 / Accepted: May 24, 2010 / Published: June 30, 2010. Abstract: The research aimed to apply phytoindication for controlling air pollution with chlorine and lead in Yerevan. The research was performed between 2005 and 2008. 5 arboreous species were studied: Robinia pseudoacacia L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Populus alba L., Morus alba L. and Vitis vinifera L.. The research showed that arboreous plants growing in the city accumulate chlorine and lead. Chlorine concentrations in all 5 species varied from 0.50% to 1.77%, and the maximum value was found in Robinia pseudoacacia L., exceeding the control by 3.6 times. As for the level of lead in plants, the concentration varied between 1.64-7.65 mg/kg, and the maximum rate exceeds the background (2.0 mg/kg) by 3.8 times. The authors produced a schematic map of chlorine distribution all over the city territory, and detected the most polluted zones. According to the data the authtors collected, only 3 of 5 studied species displayed high intake rate and tolerance to lead and chlorine pollution: Robinia pseudoacacia L., Fraxinus excelsior L. and Populus alba L. Thus, the authors advise these species for planting in Yerevan. The results of this research were used by the Municipality of Yerevan for functional tree planting in the city. -
Salicaceae Cottonwood Cottonwood (The Genus Populus) Is Composed of 35 Species Which Contain the Aspens and Poplars
Populus spp. Family: Salicaceae Cottonwood Cottonwood (the genus Populus) is composed of 35 species which contain the aspens and poplars. Species in this group are native to Eurasia/north Africa [25], Central America [2] and North America [8]. All species look alike microscopically. The word populus is the classical Latin name for the poplar tree. Populus angustifolia-balsam, bitter cottonwood, black cottonwood, lanceleaf cottonwood, mountain cottonwood, narrowleaf cottonwood, narrow leaved poplar, Rydberg cottonwood, smoothbark cottonwood, willow cottonwood, willowleaf cottonwood Populus balsamifera-balm, balm of Gilead, balm of Gilead poplar, balm cottonwood, balsam, balsam cottonwood, balsam poplar, bam, black balsam poplar, black cottonwood, black poplar, California poplar, Canadian balsam poplar, Canadian poplar, cottonwax, hackmatack, hairy balm of Gilead, heartleaf balsam poplar, northern black cottonwood, Ontario poplar, tacamahac, tacamahac poplar, toughbark poplar, western balsam poplar Populus deltoides*-aspen cottonwood, big cottonwood, Carolina poplar, cotton tree, eastern cottonwood, eastern poplar, fremont cottonwood, great plains cottonwood, Missourian poplar, necklace poplar, northern fremont cottonwood, palmer cottonwood, plains cottonwood, Rio Grande cottonwood, river cottonwood, river poplar, southern cottonwood, Tennessee poplar, Texas cottonwood, valley cottonwood, Vermont poplar, Virginia poplar, water poplar, western cottonwood, whitewood, wislizenus cottonwood, yellow cottonwood Populus fremontii-Arizona cottonwood, -
Quercus Phellos.Indd
Quercus phellos (Willow Oak) Beech Family (Fagaceae) Introduction: Willow oak is a member of the red oak group with willow-shaped leaves. The fi ne foliage of the willow oak is one of its best ornamental features. The willow oak has excellent texture, rounded form, attrac- tive bark, and beautiful winter features (fi ne-texture, persistent leaves and twiggy form). Culture: The willow oak is an excellent choice as a shade tree. It thrives in moist, well-drained, acidic soil and full sun. The willow oak will tolerate pollution and drought and is considered a trouble-free tree as long as soil pH is acidic. Willow oak has a fi brous root system and is therefore easy to transplant. It has no serious disease or Botanical Characteristics: insect problems. As little as 1 inch of fi ll soil can kill an oak. Native habitat: Southeastern USA in alluvial soils, swamps. Additional comments: Willow oak is an excellent large shade tree. Its Growth habit: Unique among the oaks, the wil- low oak has a rounded habit. fi ne texture contrasts with the coarseness of most other red oaks. It is one of the best oaks for avenue plantings Tree size: Growing fast for an oak, it can reach or large residences. Willow oak is a fast-growing oak 70’ in height and equal width. that transplants easily and is tolerant of a wide range of growing conditions. Flower and fruit: Female fl owers are incon- Willow oak is a member of the red oak group spicuous; however the pendulous male catkins without lobed leaves. -
Recent Declines of Populus Tremuloides in North America Linked to Climate ⇑ James J
Forest Ecology and Management 299 (2013) 35–51 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Managemen t journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Recent declines of Populus tremuloides in North America linked to climate ⇑ James J. Worrall a, , Gerald E. Rehfeldt b, Andreas Hamann c, Edward H. Hogg d, Suzanne B. Marchetti a, Michael Michaelian d, Laura K. Gray c a US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Region, Gunnison, CO 81230, USA b US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Moscow, ID 83843, USA c University of Alberta, Dept. of Renewable Resources, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H1 d Canadian Forest Service, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6H 3S5 article info abstract Article history: Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen) recently experie nced extensive crown thinning,branch dieback, Available online 29 January 2013 and mortality across North America. To investigate the role of climate, we developed a range-wide bio- climate model that characterizes clima tic factors controlling distribution ofaspen. We also examined Keywords: indices of moisture stress, insect defoliation and other factors as potential causes of the decline. Historic Decline climate records show that most decline regions experienced exceptionally severe droug htpreceding the Dieback recent episodes. The bioclimate model, driven primarily by maximum summer temperature sand April– Die-off September precipitation, shows that decline tended to occur in marginally suitable habitat, and that cli- Drought matic suitability decreased markedly in the period leading up to decline in almost all decline regions. Climate envelope Climatic niche Other factors, notably multi- year defoliation bytent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp.) and stem damage by fungi and insects, also play a substantial role in decline episodes, and may amplify or prolong the impacts of moisture stress on aspen over large areas. -
Evergreen Trees Agonis Flexuosa
Evergreen Trees Agonis flexuosa – Peppermint Willow Graceful willow-like evergreen tree (but without the willows voracious root system) with reddish-brown, deeply furrowed bark to 25’-30’. New leaves and twigs have an attractive reddish cast; clustered small white flowers and brownish fruits are not particularly ornamental. Casaurina stricta – Beefwood Pendulous gray branches; resembles a pine somewhat; tolerates drought, heat, wind, fog. Growth to 20’- 30’. Cinnamomum camphora - Camphor Evergreen trees to 40 feet, with 20-foot spread.. In winter foliage is a shiny yellow green. In early spring new foliage may be pink, red or bronze, depending on tree. Unusually strong structure. Clusters of tiny, fragrant yellow flowers in profusion in May. Geijera parviflora- Australian Willow Evergreen trees with graceful, fine-textured leaves, to 30 feet, 20 feet wide. Main branches weep up and out; little branches hang down. Much of the grace of a willow, much of the toughness of eucalyptus, moderate growth and deep non-invasive roots. Laurus nobilis – Grecian Laurel Slow growth 12-40’. Natural habit is compact, broad-based, often multi-stemmed, gradually tapering cone. Leaves lethery, aromatic. Clusters of small yellow flowers followed by black or purple berries. Magnolia Grandiflora – ‘Little Gem’- Dwarf Southern Magnolia Small tree to 20’ in height. Showy white flowers in the summer. Green glossy leaves. Maytenous boaria - Mayten Evergreen tree with slow to moderate growth to an eventual 30-50 feet, with a 15-foot spread, with long and pendulous branchlets hanging down from branches, giving tree a graceful look. Habit and leaves somewhat like a small scale weeping willow. -
Invasive Trees of Georgia Pub10-14
Pub. No. 39 October 2016 Invasive Trees of Georgia by Dr. Kim D. Coder, Professor of Tree Biology & Health Care Warnell School of Forestry & Natural Resources, University of Georgia Georgia has many species of trees. Some are native trees and some have been introduced from outside the state, nation, or continent. Most of Georgia’s trees are well- behaved and easily develop into sustainable shade and street trees. A few tree species have an extrodinary ability to upsurp resources and take over sites from other plants. These trees are called invasive because they effectively invade sites, many times eliminat- ing other species of plants. There are a few tree species native to Georgia which are considered invasive in other parts of the country. These native invasives, may be well-behaved in Georgia, but reproduce and take over sites elsewhere, and so have gained an invasive status from at least one other invasive species list. Table 1. There are hundreds of trees which have been introduced to Georgia landscapes. Some of these exotic / naturalized trees are considered invasive. The selected list of Georgia invasive trees listed here are notorious for growing rampantly and being difficult to eradicate. Table 2. Table 1: Native trees considered invasive in other parts of the country. scientific name common name scientific name common name Acacia farnesiana sweet acacia Myrica cerifera Southern bayberry Acer negundo boxelder Pinus taeda loblolly pine Acer rubrum red maple Populus deltoides Eastern cottonwood Fraxinus americana white ash Prunus serotina black cherry Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash Robinia pseudoacacia black locust Gleditsia triacanthos honeylocust Toxicodendron vernix poison sumac Juniperus virginiana eastern redcedar The University of Georgia is committed to principles of equal opportunity and affirmative action. -
Populus Tremula
Populus tremula Populus tremula in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats G. Caudullo, D. de Rigo The Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula L.) is a fast-growing broadleaf tree that is native to the cooler temperate and boreal regions of Europe and Asia. It has an extremely wide range, as a result of which there are numerous forms and subspecies. It can tolerate a wide range of habitat conditions and typically colonises disturbed areas (for example after fire, wind-throw, etc.). It is considered to be a keystone species because of its ecological importance for other species: it has more host-specific species than any other boreal tree. The wood is mainly used for veneer and pulp for paper production as it is light and not particularly strong, although it also has use as a biomass crop because of its fast growth. A number of hybrids have been developed to maximise its vigour and growth rate. Eurasian aspen (Populus tremula L.) is a medium-size, fast-growing tree, exceptionally reaching a height of 30 m1. The Frequency trunk is long and slender, rarely up to 1 m in diameter. The light < 25% branches are rather perpendicular, giving to the crown a conic- 25% - 50% 50% - 75% pyramidal shape. The leaves are 5-7 cm long, simple, round- > 75% ovate, with big wave-shaped teeth2, 3. They flutter in the slightest Chorology Native breeze, constantly moving and rustling, so that trees can often be heard but not seen. In spring the young leaves are coppery-brown and turn to golden yellow in autumn, making it attractive in all vegetative seasons1, 2. -
Poplar Chap 1.Indd
Populus: A Premier Pioneer System for Plant Genomics 1 1 Populus: A Premier Pioneer System for Plant Genomics Stephen P. DiFazio,1,a,* Gancho T. Slavov 1,b and Chandrashekhar P. Joshi 2 ABSTRACT The genus Populus has emerged as one of the premier systems for studying multiple aspects of tree biology, combining diverse ecological characteristics, a suite of hybridization complexes in natural systems, an extensive toolbox of genetic and genomic tools, and biological characteristics that facilitate experimental manipulation. Here we review some of the salient biological characteristics that have made this genus such a popular object of study. We begin with the taxonomic status of Populus, which is now a subject of ongoing debate, though it is becoming increasingly clear that molecular phylogenies are accumulating. We also cover some of the life history traits that characterize the genus, including the pioneer habit, long-distance pollen and seed dispersal, and extensive vegetative propagation. In keeping with the focus of this book, we highlight the genetic diversity of the genus, including patterns of differentiation among populations, inbreeding, nucleotide diversity, and linkage disequilibrium for species from the major commercially- important sections of the genus. We conclude with an overview of the extent and rapid spread of global Populus culture, which is a testimony to the growing economic importance of this fascinating genus. Keywords: Populus, SNP, population structure, linkage disequilibrium, taxonomy, hybridization 1Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-6057, USA; ae-mail: [email protected] be-mail: [email protected] 2 School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; e-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author 2 Genetics, Genomics and Breeding of Poplar 1.1 Introduction The genus Populus is full of contrasts and surprises, which combine to make it one of the most interesting and widely-studied model organisms. -
Auggie Creek Restoration/Fuels Project Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive Plant Report Darlene Lavelle December 17, 2008
Auggie Creek Restoration/Fuels Project Threatened, Endangered, and Sensitive Plant Report Darlene Lavelle December 17, 2008 Introduction The Seeley Lake Ranger District, Lolo National Forest (LNF), is proposing a restoration project designed to restore forest conditions on approximately 965 acres of Forest Service lands within the Auggie, Seeley, and Mountain Creek drainages. The vegetation treatments are designed to develop a diverse mix of vegetative composition and structure, reduce the risk of bark beetle infestations, and reduce the threat of sustained high intensity wildfire in the wildland-urban interface. Commercial and noncommercial treatments are proposed to reduce stand density, ladder fuels and ground litter, and some dead and down woody debris. Reducing fuels would thereby reduce the risk from insect and disease damage and also the potential for high intensity natural fires around private homes. Fire would also allow an increase of nutrients to plants on the site. Other project proposals include: • Herbicide treatment of weeds along the approximate 12.45 miles of timber haul routes and landings and the approximate 2.37 miles of stored or decommissioned roads mentioned below; • Build about 0.59 miles of temporary road for tree harvest and then decommission these roads. • Store about 1.78 miles of road (close roads to vehicular traffic but keep roads for future use) • Plant western larch and Douglas-fir on about 44 acres within the commercial treatment units to enhance species diversity. • Replace two culverts which are fish barriers, along Swamp Creek and Trail Creek. • Implement additional best management practices (BMPs) involving road drainage at the Morrell Creek Bridge.