Statistical Profile of Colchester County
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Statistical Profile of Colchester County Prepared by the Nova Scotia Federation of Agriculture 1 Contents 1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Agriculture in the Local Economy ......................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Population and Population Change .................................................................................................. 3 3.0 Economic Profile ............................................................................................................................... 3 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Colchester County ......................................................................................... 5 4.1 Number of Farms .......................................................................................................................... 5 4.2 Farm Revenue ............................................................................................................................... 7 4.3 Farm Expenses ............................................................................................................................ 10 4.3 Land Use ...................................................................................................................................... 12 4.3 Farm Size ..................................................................................................................................... 13 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 15 Appendix ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 2 1.0 Introduction Agriculture in the Local Economy Colchester County is home to a variety of farm production activities from fruit and tree nut farming to animal production. This agricultural diversity and innovation is important to economic development in Colchester County. In 2010, Colchester County farms reported a total of approximately $60.8 million in farm receipts which accounted for 10.22% of all receipts reported in Nova Scotia. In the same year, farms in Colchester County reported a total business operating expense of approximately $49.7 million. Thus, agriculture in Colchester produced a surplus of $11.1 million. In terms of employment, health care, trade, manufacturing, and education are the dominant industries in the Northern region. Although employment in agriculture in Colchester is lower than in other industries, agriculture remains significant sector to the local economy. The emerging industry of agri-tourism also benefits the local economy and promotes local agriculture. Agri-tourism projects in Colchester County include farmers’ markets, U-picks, farm accommodations and the annual exhibition. Since 2006, the number of acres used for farming purposes and the number of farms have both increased in Colchester County. Indeed, Colchester County ranks fourth among all counties in regard to its use of arable land (“Colchester County,” para. 3). With 15% of arable land being used for agricultural production, Colchester surpasses the provincial average of 13% (“Colchester County,” para. 3). It is clear that agriculture remains a vital industry to the economy in Colchester and will continue to play its role in the future of Nova Scotia’s economy. 3 2.0 Population and Population Change Between the years 2006 and 2011, Colchester County experienced a total population increase of 1.9% or a total of 945 people. Table 1 demonstrates that Colchester experienced an increase in population across all census subdivisions. Millbrook had the highest percentage change of 20.5%. Colchester County’s population growth (1.9%) exceeded that of Nova Scotia’s (0.9%). Table 1: Population of Colchester and Census Subdivisions, 2006-2011 Area 2011 2006 % Change Colchester County 50,968 50,023 1.9 Subdivision A 3,642 3,525 3.3 Subdivision B 19,643 19,297 1.8 Subdivision C 13,339 13,312 0.2 Millbrook 847 703 20.5 Stewiacke 1,438 1,421 1.2 Truro 12,059 11,765 2.5 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. The population of Colchester County is predominately concentrated in rural regions. Since 2006, both population centres and rural areas experienced a population increase of approximately 3.3% and 1.4% respectively. Table 2: Colchester County, Rural and Population Centres1, 2006-2011 2011 2006 Population % of Total Population % of Total Rural 36,624 71.9 36,134 72.2 Population Centre 14,344 28.1 13,889 27.8 Total 50,968 100 50,023 100 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2011. 3.0 Economic Profile In 2013, the Northern region (including Colchester, Cumberland, Pictou, Guysborough, and Antigonish)2 represented approximately 26% of the agricultural industry in Nova Scotia. Although, an 1 Population centre refers to an area of at least 1,000 and no fewer than 400 persons per square kilometer. Beginning in 2011, the term ‘population centre’ replaces the term ‘urban area’ from previous censuses. 4 estimate for Colchester County is not specifically given, the data indicates that its geographic region is a significant component to the agricultural industry in Nova Scotia. In comparison to the other industries in the Northern region, agriculture accounted for approximately 2.03% of all jobs in the region, which is higher than the provincial average of 1.17%. The industries with the highest employment in the Northern region were trade, health care and social assistance, manufacturing and educational services. Table 3: Northern Region, Total Employment by Industry, 2013 Nova % of Nova Scotia's % of Northern Region's Industry Scotia Total Employment Northern Total Employment Total employed, all industries 453,800 100 68,800 100 Agriculture 5,300 1.17 1,400 2.03 Forestry, fishing, mining, etc. 11,200 2.47 2,100 3.05 Utilities 4,600 1.01 600 0.87 Construction 33,500 7.38 4,900 7.12 Manufacturing 30,600 6.74 7,200 10.47 Trade 73,000 16.09 13,000 18.9 Transportation and warehousing 19,600 4.32 3,600 5.23 Finance, insurance, real estate and leasing 22,100 4.87 2,000 2.91 Professional, scientific and technical services 27,800 6.13 2,100 3.05 Business, building and other support services 23,500 5.18 2,500 3.63 Educational services 36,700 8.09 5,400 7.85 Health care and social assistance 69,400 15.29 11,400 16.57 Information, culture and recreation 19,300 4.25 2,100 3.05 Accommodation and food services 29,000 6.39 4,400 6.4 Other services 18,600 4.1 2,800 4.07 Public administration 29,400 6.48 3,200 4.65 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013. Figure 1 displays a clear comparison of the percentages of total employed by each industry in Nova Scotia and the Northern region. 2 The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) divides Nova Scotia into 5 geographical regions. The Northern region includes Colchester, Cumberland, Pictou, Guysborough, and Antigonish counties. According to the Labour Force Survey Estimates (LFS), some areas are too small to enable production of independent estimates from the survey. Thus, smaller regions with similar economic characteristics are grouped together. 5 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 % of Total Employed 2 Nova Scotia 0 Northern Region Industry Figure 1: % of Total Employed by Industry: Northern Region vs. Nova Scotia, 2013. Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada, 2013. 4.0 Agricultural Profile of Colchester County 4.1 Number of Farms From 2006 to 2011, the total number of farms in Colchester County had increased by thirteen. Table 4 indicates that the predominant farm type in Colchester County was fruit and tree nut (35.8%), cattle ranching (21.5%), and other crop farming (16.3%). Indeed, fruit and tree nut farming remains a dominant farm activity in Colchester and has increased since 2006 from 141 to 163 farms (1.56%). In addition, other animal production; sheep and goat; oilseed and grain; and other crop farming have all increased since 2006. All other types of farm production have either decreased or remained the same. 6 Table 4: Colchester County, Total Number of Farms by Farm Type, 2006-2011 Farm Type 2011 2006 % Change # of Farms % of Total # of Farms % of Total Cattle ranching and farming 98 21.5 126 28.5 -22.22 Hog and pig farming 4 0.9 4 0.9 25 Poultry and egg production 4 0.9 4 0.9 25 Sheep and goat farming 16 3.5 13 2.9 23.08 Other animal production 49 10.8 45 10.2 8.89 Oilseed and grain farming 6 1.3 3 0.7 100 Vegetable and melon farming 4 0.9 14 3.2 -71.43 Fruit and tree nut farming 163 35.8 141 31.9 1.56 Greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production 37 8.1 46 10.4 -19.57 Other crop farming 74 16.3 46 10.4 60.87 Total farms 455 100 442 100 2.94 Note: Retrieved from Statistics Canada, 2011. In comparison to Nova Scotia, Colchester County had a higher percentage in several farm types including cattle ranching; hog and pig; sheep and goat; and fruit and tree nut farming. It is evident that the percentage of fruit and tree nut farming (35.8%) in Colchester County was significantly higher than the provincial percentage of 24.8%. The percentage of greenhouse, nursery and floriculture production in Colchester County fell below that of the provincial average by 6%. 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 % of Total Farms 5 0 Colchester Nova Scotia Farm Type Figure 2: % of Total Farms by Farm Type: Colchester County vs. Nova Scotia, 2011 Note: Adapted from Statistics Canada,