And Shark-Based Tourism in the Galápagos Islands
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Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus Obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2004 Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic Jason G. Romine College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Biostatistics Commons, Fresh Water Studies Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Romine, Jason G., "Status and Demographic Analysis of the Dusky Shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic" (2004). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617821. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-zm7f-h314 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Status and demographic analysis of the Dusky shark, Carcharhinus obscurus, in the Northwest Atlantic A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science by Jason G. Romine 2004 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of The requirements for the degree of Master of Science Jason G. KOmine Approved, August 2004 NloW A. Musick, Ph.D. Committee Chairman/Advisor Kim N. Holland, Ph.D Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology University of Hawaii Kaneohe, Hawaii onn E. Olney, Ph.D. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES........................................................................................................................vi LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................................... -
A Practical Guide to Effective Design and Management of Mpas For
A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE REPORT EFFECTIVE DESIGN AND 2019 MANAGEMENT OF MPAs FOR SHARKS AND RAYS This project has been a collaboration between the Centre LEAD AUTHOR: for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture Cassandra L Rigby, James Cook (CSTFA) at James Cook University, Australia, and WWF. University ABOUT WWF AUTHORS: WWF is one of the largest and most experienced Colin Simpendorfer, James Cook independent conservation organizations, with over University 5 million supporters and a global network active in Andy Cornish, WWF-Hong Kong more than 100 countries. WWF´s mission is to stop the degradation of the planet´s natural environment and to build a future in which humans live in harmony with HOW TO CITE THIS WORK: nature, by conserving the world´s biological diversity, Rigby, C.L., Simpfendorfer, C.A. ensuring that the use of renewable resources is and A. Cornish (2019) A Practical sustainable, and promoting the reduction of pollution Guide to Effective Design and and wasteful consumption. WWF works to reverse Management of MPAs for Sharks declining shark populations through Sharks: Restoring and Rays. WWF, Gland, Switzerland. the Balance, a global initiative. www.panda.org DESIGN AND PRODUCTION: sharks.panda.org Evan Jeffries, Catherine Perry – Swim2Birds Ltd ABOUT CSTFA www.swim2birds.co.uk Research within the Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture (CSTFA) focuses not only Published in May 2019 by WWF on the aquatic and aquaculture systems that produce – World Wide Fund for Nature, food, but also the industries and communities that Gland, Switzerland utilise them. Multidisciplinary collaborations between our researchers provide the synergies to address Any reproduction in full or part substantial research problems in a way that individual must mention the title and credit research groups cannot. -
Environmental Factors Influencing Whale Shark Occurrence and Movements at Mafia Island, Tanzania
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING WHALE SHARK OCCURRENCE AND MOVEMENTS AT MAFIA ISLAND, TANZANIA Christoph A. Rohner & Simon J. Pierce | Marine Megafauna Foundation Michael Berumen, Jesse Cochran & Fernando Cagua | KAUST University Mathias Igulu & Baraka Kuguru | Tanzanian Fisheries Research Institute Jason Rubens | World Wide Fund for Nature WWF Project Report Environmental factors influencing whale shark occurrence & movements at Mafia Island, Tanzania Christoph A. Rohner 1 & Simon J. Pierce 1,2 Michael Berumen3,4, Jesse Cochran3 & Fernando Cagua3 Mathias Igulu5 & Baraka Kuguru5 Jason Rubens6 1 Manta Ray and Whale Shark Research Centre, Marine Megafauna Foundation, Praia do Tofo, Inhambane, Mozambique 2 Wild Me, Praia do Tofo, Inhambane, Mozambique 3 Coral Reef Ecology Laboratory, Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia 4 Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, United States of America 5 Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 6 World Wide Fund for Nature, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania Chris Rohner: [email protected] +255 (0)76 490 0044 Simon Pierce: [email protected] +44 74 288 39945 Michael Berumen: [email protected] +966 54 470 0019 Mathias Igulu: [email protected] +255 (0)78 684 4878 Jason Rubens: [email protected] +255 (0)75 422 9450 WWF – Mafia Island whale shark study 1. Executive Summary The whale shark Rhincodon typus is the largest fish in the world. Its size, gentle nature and tendency to swim at the surface in predictable coastal aggregation sites means that it can be a focal species for marine tourists. Whale sharks are categorised on the IUCN Red List as ‘Vulnerable’ to extinction following fishery-induced declines in some parts of the world. -
Oceanography and Marine Biology an Annual Review Volume 58
Oceanography and Marine Biology An Annual Review Volume 58 Edited by S. J. Hawkins, A. L. Allcock, A. E. Bates, A. J. Evans, L. B. Firth, C. D. McQuaid, B. D. Russell, I. P. Smith, S. E. Swearer, P. A. Todd First edition published 2021 ISBN: 978-0-367-36794-7 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-35149-5 (ebk) Chapter 4 The Oceanography and Marine Ecology of Ningaloo, A World Heritage Area Mathew A. Vanderklift, Russell C. Babcock, Peter B. Barnes, Anna K. Cresswell, Ming Feng, Michael D. E. Haywood, Thomas H. Holmes, Paul S. Lavery, Richard D. Pillans, Claire B. Smallwood, Damian P. Thomson, Anton D. Tucker, Kelly Waples & Shaun K. Wilson (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 2020, 58, 143–178 © S. J. Hawkins, A. L. Allcock, A. E. Bates, A. J. Evans, L. B. Firth, C. D. McQuaid, B. D. Russell, I. P. Smith, S. E. Swearer, P. A. Todd, Editors Taylor & Francis THE OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE ECOLOGY OF NINGALOO, A WORLD HERITAGE AREA MATHEW A. VANDERKLIFT1, RUSSELL C. BABCOCK2, PETER B. BARNES4, ANNA K. CRESSWELL1,3,5, MING FENG1, MICHAEL D. E. HAYWOOD2, THOMAS H. HOLMES6, PAUL S. LAVERY7, RICHARD D. PILLANS2, CLAIRE B. SMALLWOOD8, DAMIAN P. THOMSON1, ANTON D. TUCKER6, KELLY WAPLES6 & SHAUN K. WILSON6 1CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia 2CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Queensland Biosciences Precinct, St Lucia, QLD, 4067, Australia 3School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia 4Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, -
Shark Aggregation and Tourism: Opportunities and Challenges of an Emerging Phenomenon
Shark aggregation and tourism: Opportunities and challenges of an emerging phenomenon NIR NECKER ZIV ZEMAH SHAMIR , SHIRI ZEMAH SHAMIR NIR BECKER, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT, TEL-HAI ACADEMIC COLLEGE, ISRAEL. E-MAIL: [email protected] ZIV ZEMAH SHAMIR, Marine Biology Department, M. Kahn Marine Research Station, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel. E-mail: [email protected] SHIRI ZEMAH SHAMIR, School of Sustainability, Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya, P.O. Box 167, Herzliya 46150, Israel. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract In the last few winters, sharks have been aggregating near the Israeli Mediterranean coast, at a specific point, near Hadera power station. This unusual phenomenon has fascinated residents, visitors, kayakers, divers and swimmers. We analyse the effects of this intense human interest on the sharks, using contingent behaviour, in Hadera and in Ashkelon, where sharks are present but not the infrastructure for their observation. We also report on changes in shark behaviour due to change in tourism intensity. We find a change of about ILS 4.1 million annually for both sites but a larger individual consumer surplus in Hadera, where sharks are currently observable. Touristic intensity crosses the threshold level by about 12% and making the socio-equilibrium sustainable for both humans and sharks would have a social cost of ILS 0.157 million. Keywords: Shark aggregation, shark behaviour, human-wildlife conflict, Mediterranean, Travel cost, tourism. 1 1. Introduction Sharks (superorder Selachimorpha) are characterized by K-selected life history traits, including slow growth, late age-at-maturity and low fecundity. Thus, once a population is depleted, recovery to pre-exploitation levels may take several decades or longer (Kabasakal et al. -
Field Guide to Requiem Sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the Western North Atlantic
Field guide to requiem sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the Western North Atlantic Item Type monograph Authors Grace, Mark Publisher NOAA/National Marine Fisheries Service Download date 24/09/2021 04:22:14 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/20307 NOAA Technical Report NMFS 153 U.S. Department A Scientific Paper of the FISHERY BULLETIN of Commerce August 2001 (revised November 2001) Field Guide to Requiem Sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the Western North Atlantic Mark Grace NOAA Technical Report NMFS 153 A Scientific Paper of the Fishery Bulletin Field Guide to Requiem Sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the Western North Atlantic Mark Grace August 2001 (revised November 2001) U.S. Department of Commerce Seattle, Washington Suggested reference Grace, Mark A. 2001. Field guide to requiem sharks (Elasmobranchiomorphi: Carcharhinidae) of the Western North Atlantic. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 153, 32 p. Online dissemination This report is posted online in PDF format at http://spo.nwr.noaa.gov (click on Technical Reports link). Note on revision This report was revised and reprinted in November 2001 to correct several errors. Previous copies of the report, dated August 2001, should be destroyed as this revision replaces the earlier version. Purchasing additional copies Additional copies of this report are available for purchase in paper copy or microfiche from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161; 1-800-553-NTIS; http://www.ntis.gov. Copyright law Although the contents of the Technical Reports have not been copyrighted and may be reprinted entirely, reference to source is appreciated. -
ZIMMERHACKEL Johanna Sophie
THE ECONOMICS OF SHARK DIVING TOURISM AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO SHARK CONSERVATION IN THE INDIAN OCEAN Johanna Sophie Zimmerhackel MSc Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries Science BSc Biology This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The University of Western Australia School of Agriculture and Environment Discipline of Environmental Economics 2019 Thesis Declaration THESIS DECLARATION I, Johanna Sophie Zimmerhackel, certify that: This thesis has been substantially accomplished during enrolment in the degree. This thesis does not contain material which has been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university or other tertiary institution. No part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of The University of Western Australia and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. This thesis does not contain any material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text and, where relevant, in the declaration that follows. The work(s) are not in any way a violation or infringement of any copyright, trademark, patent, or other rights whatsoever of any person. The research involving human data reported in this thesis was assessed and approved by The University of Western Australia Human Research Ethics Committee. Approval #: RA/4/1/8170 and RA/4/1/9234. The following approvals were obtained prior to commencing the relevant work described in this thesis: - Permit to conduct research in Malaysia approved by the Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department: UPE 40/200/19/3476 i Thesis Declaration The work described in this thesis was funded by - Australian Government Research Training fees offset and a stipend scholarship - University of Western Australia - Centre for Excellence in Environmental Decisions – Grant no. -
White-Tip Reef Shark (Triaenodon Obesus) Michelle S
White-tip Reef Shark (Triaenodon obesus) Michelle S. Tishler Common Name There are several common names for the Triaenodon obesus, which usually describes the “white tips” on their dorsal and caudal fins. Common names include: White-tip Reef Shark, Blunthead Shark, Light-Tip Shark and Reef Whitetip. Names in Spanish Cazón, Cazón Coralero Trompacorta and Tintorera Punta Aleta Blanca. Taxonomy Domain Eukarya Kingdom Anamalia Phylum Chordata Class Chondrichthyes Order Carcharhiniformes Family Carcharhinidae Genus Triaenodon Species obesus Nearest relatives Sharks are cartilaginous fishes in the class Chondrichthyes with skates, rays and other sharks. Within the family Carcharhinidae (requiem sharks), the White-tip Reef Shark is related to the Galapagos Shark, Bull Shark, Oceanic Whitetip, Tiger Shark and Blue Sharks. The White-tip Reef Shark does not share their genus name with any other organism. Island They are found amongst the reefs surrounding most or all of the Galapagos Islands. Geographic range White-tip Sharks range geographically from Costa Rica, Ecuador, Galapagos, Cocos, South Africa, Red Sea, Pakistan and etc. to primarily residing in the Indo-West Pacific region. (Red region indicates distribution of White-tip Reef Shark) Habitat Description As described in their name, White-tip Reef Sharks live amongst coral reefs with a home range of a couple square miles. They are also found in sandy patches and deeper waters. During the day these sharks tend to rest on the seabed or within caves and crevices. Physical description White-tip Reef sharks are named after the white tip on the dorsal (first and sometimes second) fins, and caudal fin lobes. -
A Case Study of Koh Tao, Thailand
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF REEF-BASED SCUBA DIVE TOURISM: A CASE STUDY OF KOH TAO, THAILAND Panwad Wongthong Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Discipline of Geography, Environment and Population The University of Adelaide, South Australia February 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................................... I LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. V LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. VII ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................... VIII DECLARATION ................................................................................................................................. IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................. X ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................. XI CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... -
AAM Shark-Diving Tourism As a Financing
1 Shark-diving Tourism as a Financing Mechanism for Shark 2 Conservation Strategies in Malaysia 3 4 5 Gabriel M.S. Vianna1,2*, Mark G. Meekan1, , Abbie A. Rogers3,4, Marit E. Kragt4, James M. Alin5, 6 Johanna S. Zimmerhackel1,3,4 7 8 9 1Australian Institute of Marine Science, M096/35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA 6009. 10 11 12 2School of Animal Biology, University of Western Australia, M090/35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA 6009. 13 Australia. 14 15 16 3Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre University of Western Australia, M470/35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 17 WA 6009 18 19 20 4Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy, School of Agriculture and Environment, The 21 University of Western Australia, M089/35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley WA 6009. Australia. 22 23 24 5Faculty of Business, Economics and Accountancy, University Malaysia Sabah, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, 25 Sabah Malaysia. 26 27 28 *Corresponding author: [email protected] 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 PeerJ Preprints | https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3481v1 | CC BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 21 Dec 2017, publ: 21 Dec 2017 41 Abstract 42 43 This study estimated the economic value of the shark-diving industry in Semporna, the most popular 44 diving destination of Malaysia, by surveying the expenditures of diving tourists and dive operators 45 through the region. A willingness-to-pay survey was also used to estimate the potential of the industry 46 as a financing mechanism for enforcement and management of a hypothetical shark sanctuary. The 47 study showed that in 2012, shark-diving tourism provided direct revenues in excess of USD 9.8 million to 48 the Semporna district. -
Discovering Wildlife Tourism: a Whale Shark Tourism Case Study
Current Issues in Tourism Vol. 13, No. 4, July 2010, 351–361 Discovering wildlife tourism: a whale shark tourism case study James CatlinaÃ, Roy Jonesa, Tod Jonesb, Brad Normanc and David Woodb aFaculty of Humanities, School of Social Sciences and Asian Languages, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; bCurtin Sustainable Tourism Centre, Curtin University, Perth, Australia; cDivision of Science and Engineering, Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia (Received 15 April 2009; final version received 5 May 2009) This paper investigates the different sources of information used by tourists to learn about a particular wildlife tourism activity, specifically, whale shark tourism at Ningaloo Marine Park in Western Australia. The findings from this research concur with previous studies of wildlife tourism showing that wildlife tourism operations are reliant on more informal and general forms of promotion, in particular word of mouth and guide books. Conversely, more deliberate marketing mechanisms, such as the internet and documentaries, are not extensively utilised. To disaggregate consumer preferences for various information sources, this article segments the population into more homogenous groups, thereby demonstrating distinct differences in the choice of information source based on the participants’ normal place of residence. Keywords: wildlife tourism; distribution channels; whale shark Introduction Viewing wildlife is a subsector of tourism that attracts millions of people worldwide. Although there are no reliable global figures for the number of wildlife tourists, in Australia alone, over 1000 wildlife tour operators collectively generate several billion dollars annually in revenue (Higginbottom, Rann, Moscardo, Davis, & Muloin, 2001). Thus, given the scale and economic importance of this industry, it is vital that a comprehensive understanding of all the mechanisms that underpin wildlife tourism is attained. -
Scuba Diving Tourism with Critically Endangered Grey Nurse Sharks
Tourism Management 45 (2014) 211e225 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Tourism Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tourman Scuba diving tourism with critically endangered grey nurse sharks (Carcharias taurus) off eastern Australia: Tourist demographics, shark behaviour and diver compliance K.R. Smith a,*, C. Scarpaci a,2, M.J. Scarr a,3, N.M. Otway b,1 a School of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia b Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industries, Locked Bag 1, Nelson Bay, New South Wales 2315, Australia highlights Key grey nurse shark life-history stages were sampled at four tourism sites. Most tourists were recreational divers with prior grey nurse shark experience. Milling was the most frequent shark swimming behaviour observed. No significant changes to shark behaviour occurred during divereshark interactions. Tourists exhibited 100% compliance with all of the scuba diving guidelines. article info abstract Article history: Guidelines and a national code of conduct were implemented to manage scuba diving tourism with the Received 24 April 2013 critically endangered grey nurse shark (Carcharias taurus) along the Australian east coast. The de- Accepted 2 May 2014 mographics of diving tourists, swimming behaviour of grey nurse sharks at various life-history stages and Available online 25 May 2014 compliance of divers to the guidelines/code of conduct were simultaneously assessed during divereshark interactions at four sites from March 2011 to February 2012. Milling was the most frequent swimming Keywords: behaviour observed and no significant changes occurred with the number of divers or distance to sharks.