Information Notices on Occupational Diseases: a Guide to Diagnosis
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Rational Use of Personal Protective Equipment for Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) and Considerations During Severe Shortages Interim Guidance 6 April 2020
Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages Interim guidance 6 April 2020 Background • avoiding touching your eyes, nose, and mouth; • practicing respiratory hygiene by coughing or This document summarizes WHO’s recommendations for the sneezing into a bent elbow or tissue and then rational use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in health immediately disposing of the tissue; care and home care settings, as well as during the handling of • wearing a medical mask if you have respiratory cargo; it also assesses the current disruption of the global symptoms and performing hand hygiene after supply chain and considerations for decision making during disposing of the mask; severe shortages of PPE. • routine cleaning and disinfection of environmental and other frequently touched surfaces. This document does not include recommendations for members of the general community. See here: for more In health care settings, the main infection prevention and information about WHO advice of use of masks in the general control (IPC) strategies to prevent or limit COVID-19 community. transmission include the following:2 In this context, PPE includes gloves, medical/surgical face 1. ensuring triage, early recognition, and source control masks - hereafter referred as “medical masks”, goggles, face (isolating suspected and confirmed COVID-19 shield, and gowns, as well as items for specific procedures- patients); 3 filtering facepiece respirators (i.e. N95 or FFP2 or 2. applying standard precautions for all patients and FFP3 standard or equivalent) - hereafter referred to as including diligent hand hygiene; “respirators" - and aprons. This document is intended for 3. -
Downloads/DL Praevention/Fachwissen/Gefahrstoffe/TOXIKOLOGI SCHE BEWERTUNGEN/Bewertungen/Toxbew072-L.Pdf
Distribution Agreement In presenting this thesis or dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for an advanced degree from Emory University, I hereby grant to Emory University and its agents the non-exclusive license to archive, make accessible, and display my thesis or dissertation in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known, including display on the world wide web. I understand that I may select some access restrictions as part of the online submission of this thesis or dissertation. I retain all ownership rights to the copyright of the thesis or dissertation. I also retain the right to use in future works (such as articles or books) all or part of this thesis or dissertation. Signature: _____________________________ ______________ Jedidiah Samuel Snyder Date Statistical analysis of concentration-time extrapolation factors for acute inhalation exposures to hazardous substances By Jedidiah S. Snyder Master of Public Health Global Environmental Health _________________________________________ P. Barry Ryan, Ph.D. Committee Chair _________________________________________ Eugene Demchuk, Ph.D. Committee Member _________________________________________ Paige Tolbert, Ph.D. Committee Member Statistical analysis of concentration-time extrapolation factors for acute inhalation exposures to hazardous substances By Jedidiah S. Snyder Bachelor of Science in Engineering, B.S.E. The University of Iowa 2010 Thesis Committee Chair: P. Barry Ryan, Ph.D. An abstract of A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Rollins School of Public Health of Emory University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health in Global Environmental Health 2015 Abstract Statistical analysis of concentration-time extrapolation factors for acute inhalation exposures to hazardous substances By Jedidiah S. -
MS32-Chun-Red
Text19/12/2008 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET PRODUCT / MATERIAL: GLAZE MANUFACTURER / DISTRIBUTOR: LAGUNA CLAY COMPANY ADDRESS: 14400 Lomitas Avenue, City of Industry, CA 91746 PHONE / FAX / EMAIL: (626) 330-0631 / (626) 333-7694 / [email protected] SECTION I - PRODUCT INFORMATION TRADE NAME: MS32 SYNONYM: CHUN RED CHEMICAL FAMILY: Ceramic Blend SECTION II - HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS Maximum OSHA PEL NIOSH REL ACGIH TLV INGREDIENT NAMEPercent CAS NUMBER TWA: (mg/m3) TWA: (mg/m3) TWA: (mg/m3) Barium or Barium Compounds5 7440-39-3 0.5 0.5 0.5 Calcium Carbonate7 1317-65-3 5 5 10 Lithium Carbonate1 554-13-2 Silica, Crystalline (Quartz)20 14808-60-7 10 mg/m3 / 0.05 0.05 %SiO2 + 2 Silicon Carbide1 409-21-2 15 10 Tin or Tin Compounds2 7440-31-5 2 2 Zinc or Zinc Compounds4 7440-66-6 5 5 5 SECTION III - PHYSICAL DATA BOILING POINT (°F) Not Applicable VAPOR PRESSURE Not Applicable VAPOR DENSITY Not Applicable SOLUBILITY IN WATER Insoluble SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.7 – 3.7 PERCENT VOLATILE BY WEIGHT 0 EVAPORATION RATE 0 APPEARANCE AND ODOR Color varies between moist and dry state; no odor. SECTION IV - FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD DATA FLASH POINT Not Flammable EXTINGUISHING MEDIA Water UNUSUAL FIRE OR EXPLOSION HAZARDS None SPECIAL FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES None SECTION V - REACTIVITY DATA STABILITY FACTOR Product is stable. INCOMPATIBILITY None HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS None. Hazardous polymerization will not occur. CONDITIONS TO AVOID Inhalation of dust. Text10MS32 Text10Page 1 of 3 Text19/12/2008 MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET SECTION VI - HEALTH HAZARD DATA Barium or Barium Compounds Chronic Toxicity: Chronic overexposure may lead to varying degress of paralysis of the extremities. -
Occupational Hygiene Report Writing
BACK TO BASICS PEER REVIEWED Occupational hygiene report writing Peter-John “Jakes” ABSTRACT Jacobs Occupational hygiene reports record occupational hygiene exposure assessments. Although their (MPH Occ. Hygiene) Cas Badenhorst (PhD purpose and format can vary, they must provide adequate information for managing occupational Occ. Hygiene) risks and so ensure the health and safety of employees. This article describes how to write a good occupational hygiene report, specifi cally with respect to the minimum content and style. Corresponding author: E-mail: jakes.jacobs2@ Key words: occupational hygiene report, content, standards sasol.com INTRODUCTION When the target audience is the senior management of an The fi ndings of occupational hygiene exposure assessments organisation, the report needs to be concise and prefer- are recorded in occupational hygiene reports. The purpose ably no longer than one page with the technical and other of these reports can vary, for example providing commu- information contained in an appendix. A popularly recounted nication to management, employees, health and safety anecdote is that the average reading ability of a company’s representatives, engineers, etc. regarding occupational chief executive offi cer is equitable to that of a 14-year-old, the hazards present in the workplace, addressing emergencies reason being that they are burdened with massive amounts and, importantly, provide practical exposure control advice of data that must be digested on a daily basis. This report and, are critical in managing occupational risks.1 Although can typically be a summary of fi ndings as described in the several formats for the reports exist, they should all serve detailed occupational hygiene report. -
Asbestos, So That the Statement That
Br J Ind Med: first published as 10.1136/oem.48.6.430 on 1 June 1991. Downloaded from 430 Forum 49 Muehleck E. Letter to WWF Sheperd bles paranoia. In the so that the statement (Turner and Newall). 8 March, 1943. fully developed asbestos, that 50 Hardy HL. Personal communications, form of this psychosis the individual the disease was "discovered by the 1982, 1989. adopts a false premise and then uses ancients," while adding historical 51 Brown V. Letter to E Muehleck (Keas- every device of selection and bias to colour and apparent verisimilitude, is bey & Mattison Co) and JFD Rohr- bach (Raybestos-Manhattan). 22 support it. In the case of a person who manifest nonsense. October, 1948. thinks he is Napoleon or she is the This temptation to dramatise and 52 Brown V. Letter to sponsors (Amer Virgin Mary it is easy to recognise the emotionalise is apparent throughout Brake Shoe, Gatke Corp, Keasbey false premise. is the whole book. I have not and Mattison, Raybestos-Manhattan, It less easy with a counted the Thermoid Corp, Union Asbestos and subject which has been ventilated in emotional adjectives but the book is Rubber Co, Russell Manufacturing the media over the last 25 years to such liberally besprinkled with them while Co, United States Gypsum Co). 27 an extent that the average man in the the author flogs himselfinto a lather of October 1948. 53 Brown V. Letter to WT Kelly (Amer street tends to agree with the premise indignation. One early example is a Brake Shoe). 12 November, 1948. -
Occupational Exposure to Heat and Hot Environments
Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Exposure to Heat and Hot Environments DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Cover photo by Thinkstock© Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Exposure to Heat and Hot Environments Revised Criteria 2016 Brenda Jacklitsch, MS; W. Jon Williams, PhD; Kristin Musolin, DO, MS; Aitor Coca, PhD; Jung-Hyun Kim, PhD; Nina Turner, PhD DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health This document is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. Disclaimer Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, citations of websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. Ordering Information This document is in the public domain and may be freely copied or reprinted. To receive NIOSH documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at Telephone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) TTY: 1-888-232-6348 E-mail: [email protected] or visit the NIOSH website at www.cdc.gov/niosh. For a monthly update on news at NIOSH, subscribe to NIOSH eNews by visiting www.cdc.gov/ niosh/eNews. Suggested Citation NIOSH [2016]. NIOSH criteria for a recommended standard: occupational exposure to heat and hot environments. By Jacklitsch B, Williams WJ, Musolin K, Coca A, Kim J-H, Turner N. -
SAPRC07T Mechanism Species Definition Molecular Weight ACETONE Acetone 58.08 ACETYLENE Acetylene 26.04 ACROLEIN Acrolein 56.06 A
SAPRC07T Mechanism Species Molecular Species Definition weight ACETONE Acetone 58.08 ACETYLENE Acetylene 26.04 ACROLEIN Acrolein 56.06 ACROLEIN_PRIMARY Acrolein emissions tracer 56.06 Lumped photoreactive monounsaturated dicarbonyl aromatic AFG1 fragmentation products that photolyze to form radicals 98.10 Lumped photoreactive monounsaturated dicarbonyl aromatic fragmentation products that photolyze to form non-radical AFG2 products 98.10 Lumped diunsaturatred dicarbonyl aromatic fragmentation AFG3 product. 124.14 Alkanes and other non-aromatic compounds that react only with OH, and have kOH between 2 and 5 x 102 ppm-1 min-1. ALK1 (Primarily ethane) 30.07 Alkanes and other non-aromatic compounds that react only with OH, and have kOH between 5 x 102 and 2.5 x 103 ppm-1 ALK2 min-1. (Primarily propane and acetylene) 36.73 Alkanes and other non-aromatic compounds that react only with OH, and have kOH between 2.5 x 103 and 5 x 103 ppm-1 ALK3 min-1. 58.61 Alkanes and other non-aromatic compounds that react only with OH, and have kOH between 5 x 103 and 1 x 104 ppm-1 ALK4 min-1. 77.6 Alkanes and other non-aromatic compounds that react only ALK5 with OH, and have kOH greater than 1 x 104 ppm-1 min-1. 118.89 SAPRC07T Mechanism Species Molecular Species Definition weight SOA precursor compounds products from largest alkanes ALK5RXN (ALK5) 118.9 APIN -pinene 136.23 ARO1 Aromatics with kOH < 2x104 ppm-1 min-1. 95.16 ARO2 Aromatics with kOH > 2x104 ppm-1 min-1. 118.72 BACL Biacetyl 86.09 BALD Aromatic aldehydes (e.g., benzaldehyde) 106.13 BENZENE Benzene 78.11 SOA precursor compounds from benzene via peroxy radical BNZHRXN reaction with HO2 127 SOA precursor compounds from benzene via peroxy radical BNZNRXN reaction with NO 127 BNZRO2 SOA precursor surrogate from benzene 127 BUTADIENE13 1,3-butadiene 54.09 BZCO3 Peroxyacyl radical formed from Aromatic Aldehydes 137.11 BZO Phenoxy Radicals 93 CCHO Acetaldehyde 44.05 CCHO_PRIMARY Acetaldehyde Emissions Tracer 44.05 CCOOH Acetic Acid. -
An Approach to Interpreting Restrictive Spirometric Pattern Results In
Med Lav 2016; 107, 6: 419-436 An approach to interpreting restrictive spirometric pattern results in occupational settings Federica Tafuro, Massimo Corradi Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy KEY WORDS Diagnostic algorithm; FEV1; FVC; FEV6; FEV1/FVC; interpretative criteria; lung function testing; occupa- tional exposure PAROLE CHIAVE Algoritmi diagnostici; FEV1; FVC; FEV6; FEV1/FVC; criteri interpretativi; test di funzionalità polmonare; esposizione occupazionale SUMMARY Objectives: The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview of definition, epidemiology, diagnostic algo- rithm and occupational exposures related to abnormal restrictive spirometrical pattern (RSP) in order to improve the correct interpretation of spirometry test results by occupational healthcare providers. Methods: A review of the scien- tific English literature of the last 25 years was carried out with MEDLINE and related keywords [(restricti* AND spirometr*) AND occupational]. The first step analysis covered 40 studies and the second step the reference list. Results are presented in four major aims and subquestions. Results: A spirometrical pattern of reduced VC (Vital Capacity), together with a normal FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second)/VC ratio, is suggestive, though not diagnostic of restrictive ventilatory defect (RVD). The prevalence of RSP is high in some studies, comparable to obstructive pat- tern, and could be associated to chronic medical conditions (diabetes, congestive heart failure, obesity, hypertension) as well as to increased risk of mortality and lung cancer. In order to predict true restrictive defect [TLC-(Total Lung Capacity) <LLN (Lower Limit of Normality) gold-standard for diagnosing restrictive lung diseases (RLD)] from spirometrical data, mathematical models have been developed, but more studies in occupational setting are necessary to clarify the accuracy of such approaches in health surveillance programmes. -
Silicosis: Pathogenesis and Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand; Tel: 66 53 276364; Fax: 66 53 273590; E-Mail
Central Annals of Clinical Pathology Bringing Excellence in Open Access Review Article *Corresponding author Attapon Cheepsattayakorn, 10th Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, 143 Sridornchai Road Silicosis: Pathogenesis and Changklan Muang Chiang Mai 50100 Thailand; Tel: 66 53 276364; Fax: 66 53 273590; E-mail: Biomarkers Submitted: 04 October 2018 Accepted: 31 October 2018 1,2 3 Attapon Cheepsattayakorn * and Ruangrong Cheepsattayakorn Published: 31 October 2018 1 10 Zonal Tuberculosis and Chest Disease Center, Chiang Mai, Thailand ISSN: 2373-9282 2 Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand Copyright 3 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand © 2018 Cheepsattayakorn et al. OPEN ACCESS Abstract Ramazzini first described this disease, namely “Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis” Keywords and then was changed according to the types of exposed dust. No reliable figures on the silica- • Silicosis inhalation exposed individuals are officially documented. How silica particles stimulate pulmonary • Biomarkers response and the exact path physiology of silicosis are still not known and urgently require further • Pathogenesis research. Nevertheless, many researchers hypothesized that pulmonary alveolar macrophages play a major role by secreting fibroblast-stimulating factor and re-ingesting these ingested silica particles by the pulmonary alveolar macrophage with progressive magnification. Finally, ending up of the death of the pulmonary alveolar macrophages and the development of pulmonary fibrosis appear. Various mediators, such as CTGF, FBRS, FGF2/bFGF, and TNFα play a major role in the development of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. A hypothesis of silicosis-associated abnormal immunoglobulins has been postulated. In conclusion, novel studies on pathogenesis and biomarkers of silicosis are urgently needed for precise prevention and control of this silently threaten disease of the world. -
Argonne Report.Pdf
CONTENTS NOTATION ........................................................................................................................... xi ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... 1 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 5 1.1 Overview of the Emergency Response Guidebook ................................................ 5 1.2 Organization of this Report ..................................................................................... 7 2 GENERAL METHODOLOGY ....................................................................................... 9 2.1 TIH List ................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.1 Background ................................................................................................. 10 2.1.2 Changes in the TIH List for the ERG2012 ................................................. 11 2.2 Shipment and Release Scenarios ............................................................................ 11 2.2.1 Shipment Profiles ........................................................................................ 12 2.2.2 Treatment of Chemical Agents ................................................................... 14 2.3 Generics, Mixtures, and Solutions .......................................................................... 17 2.4 Analysis of Water-Reactive -
"Fluorine Compounds, Organic," In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia Of
Article No : a11_349 Fluorine Compounds, Organic GU¨ NTER SIEGEMUND, Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany WERNER SCHWERTFEGER, Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany ANDREW FEIRING, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States BRUCE SMART, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States FRED BEHR, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States HERWARD VOGEL, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States BLAINE MCKUSICK, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States 1. Introduction....................... 444 8. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids and 2. Production Processes ................ 445 Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids ...... 470 2.1. Substitution of Hydrogen............. 445 8.1. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids ......... 470 2.2. Halogen – Fluorine Exchange ......... 446 8.1.1. Fluorinated Acetic Acids .............. 470 2.3. Synthesis from Fluorinated Synthons ... 447 8.1.2. Long-Chain Perfluorocarboxylic Acids .... 470 2.4. Addition of Hydrogen Fluoride to 8.1.3. Fluorinated Dicarboxylic Acids ......... 472 Unsaturated Bonds ................. 447 8.1.4. Tetrafluoroethylene – Perfluorovinyl Ether 2.5. Miscellaneous Methods .............. 447 Copolymers with Carboxylic Acid Groups . 472 2.6. Purification and Analysis ............. 447 8.2. Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids ...... 472 3. Fluorinated Alkanes................. 448 8.2.1. Perfluoroalkanesulfonic Acids -
A Short History of Occupational Disease: 2. Asbestos, Chemicals
Ulster Med J 2021;90(1):32-34 Medical History A SHORT HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: 2. ASBESTOS, CHEMICALS, RADIUM AND BEYOND Petts D, Wren MWD, Nation BR, Guthrie G, Kyle B, Peters L, Mortlock S, Clarke S, Burt C. ABSTRACT OCCUPATIONAL CANCER Historically, the weighing out and manipulation of dangerous Towards the end of the 18th century, a possible causal link chemicals frequently occurred without adequate protection between chemicals and cancer was reported by two London from inhalation or accidental ingestion. The use of gloves, surgeons. In 1761, John Hill reported an association between eye protection using goggles, masks or visors was scant. snuff, a tobacco product, and nasopharyngeal cancer, From Canary Girls and chimney sweeps to miners, stone and, in 1775, Percival Pott described a high incidence of cutters and silo fillers, these are classic exemplars of the subtle scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps. Pott, a surgeon at St (and in some cases not so subtle) effects that substances, Bartholomew’s Hospital in London, published his findings,6 environments and practices can have on individual health. which he attributed to contamination with soot. This excellent INTRODUCTION epidemiological study is considered to be the first report of a potential carcinogen. Pott’s work led to the foundation of It has been known for many centuries that certain diseases occupational medicine and to the Chimney Sweep Act of were associated with particular occupations (i.e. wool- 1788. In 1895, Ludwig Reyn reported that aromatic amines sorters disease in the textile industry, cowpox in milk maids used in certain dye industries in Germany were linked and respiratory problems in miners and stone workers).