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Malawi HIV Fact Sheet.Indd

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Malawi HIV Fact Sheet.Indd For additional information on the results of the ()60REVALENCEIN#OUPLES 2004 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey, 2004 Malawi please contact: "OTHPARTNERS "OTHPARTNERS()6 ()6NEGATIVE POSITIVE Demographic and In Malawi: -ANPOSITIVE National Statistical Offi ce Health Survey WOMANNEGATIVE Demography and Social Statistics Division 7OMANPOSITIVE MANNEGATIVE Chimbiya Road P.O. Box 333 Zomba, Malawi The HIV status of 10 percent of couples is discor- Telephone: 265-1-524-377/111; dant, meaning that one partner is infected and the Fax: 265-1-525-130; E-mail: [email protected] other is not. This indicates a need for couple-ori- web: www.nso.malawi.net ented voluntary counseling and testing, as most of these couples do not know their status. In USA: MEASURE DHS ORC Macro 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300 HIV/AIDS ()60REVALENCEAND34)S Calverton, MD 20705 USA (AD34)OR34)SYMPTOMS .O34) NOSYMPTOMS Telephone: 301-572-0200 Fax: 301-572-0999 Prevalence E-mail: [email protected] web: www.measuredhs.com The 2004 MDHS was conducted by the National Statistical Offi ce. Most of the funds for the local costs of the survey 0ERCENT()6POSITIVE were provided by multiple donors through the National 7OMEN -EN 4OTAL AIDS Commission. The United States Agency for Men and women with a history of sexually trans- International Development (USAID) provided additional mitted infection (STI) or STI symptoms have higher funds for the technical assistance through ORC Macro. rates of HIV infection than those with none. The Department for International Development (DfID) of the British Government, UNICEF, and UNFPA also provided funds for the survey. The Centers for Disease Response Rates and Methods Control and Prevention provided technical assistance in HIV prevalence data were obtained from fi ngerstick dried blood spots vol- HIV testing. untarily provided by women age 15-49 and men age 15-54 who were in- terviewed in the 2004 MDHS. Of the 7,868 eligible subjects, 67% provided blood spots. Response rates were higher in rural than urban areas (68% vs. 60%). Prevalence in this fact sheet refers to the overall observed prevealence of HIV 1 among women and men age 15-49. Key Findings from the 2004 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) The 2004 Malawi Demographic and Health Sur- ()60REVALENCEBY$ISTRICT ()60REVALENCEBY-ARITAL3TATUS vey included HIV testing of close to 8,000 men and HIV prevalence among women. Results show that 12 percent of Malawian women and men is 20 7OMEN adults age 15-49 are HIV positive. percent or higher in Blan- -EN tyre, Mangochi, Thyolo ()60REVALENCE 7OMEN and Mulanje. HIV preva- Mzimba 0ERCENT -EN 5% lence is 5 percent or less 4OTAL in Kasungu and Mzimba. #URRENTLYMARRIED &ORMERLY .EVER Kasungu Salima 9% INUNION MARRIED INUNION 4% Women who are separated, divorced or widowed 0ERCENT Mangochi 21% have a signifi cantly higher rate of HIV infection than men in the same marital status. Currently married -ALAWI 5RBAN 2URAL Lilongwe* Machinga women and married men have a similar prevalence 12% (13% and 14% , respectively). HIV prevalence is higher among women than men in both urban and rural areas. Urban residents have Blantyre 22% Zomba 18% considerably higher infection levels than rural resi- * The HIV prevalence data for Mulanje 20% Lilongwe is not presented dents (17% vs. 11%). due to low overall response Thyolo 21% rates in that district. ()60REVALENCEBY7EALTH1UINTILE ()60REVALENCEBY!GE 7OMEN -EN 7OMEN ()60REVALENCEBY%DUCATION -EN 7OMEN -EN 0ERCENT 0ERCENT 0ERCENT ,OWEST 3ECOND -IDDLE &OURTH (IGHEST 0OOREST 2ICHEST .O 0RIMARY 0RIMARY 3ECONDARY !GE EDUCATION HIV prevalence increases with the household’s eco- nomic status. Infection rates among men in the Women get infected earlier than men. Prevalence HIV prevalence does not have a direct relationship wealthiest households are more than three times for both women and men increases with age until with the woman’s education. For men, the risk of higher than those living in households in the lowest it reaches a peak at age 30-34 (18% for women and infection increases with education. wealth quintile. 20% for men)..
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