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Here Is a Direct Connection Between the Two Formalisms TALK CONTRIBUTIONS Author: Francesco Becattini (University of Florence & FIAS Frankfurt) Title: Chemical equilibrium and chemical freeze-out Abstract: I will present a reanalysis of hadron production in relativistic nuclear collisions in view of recent measurements of proton and antiproton multiplicities at SPS and LHC. The low values of such multiplicities with respect to statistical model predictions can be accounted for by inelastic rescattering after hadronization. This phenomenon implies a correction to the concept of equilibrium chemical freeze-out. Using corrections from transport models, such as UrQMD, it is possible to reconstruct the primordial hadronization conditions, which occur at chemical equilibrium and nicely overlap with lattice QCD extrapolations at finite µB. NOTES: 1 Author: Sanjin Benić (University of Zagreb) Title: Hybrid stars from lattice constrained non-local PNJL model Abstract: Existing lattice data on the QCD phase diagram in the finite chemical potential region suggests that a strong vector channel interaction is present between quarks in the medium. This leads to a dramatic change of the cold quark Equation of State, in the sense that quark matter always appears as a state of lower pressure for a range of modern nuclear Equations of State. We will present some results of an ongoing study to reconcile this peculiar property in favor of quark matter at high densities, as is required by the property of asymptotic freedom. This will allow us to build hybrid Equations of State and test the model against new observations of heavy neutron stars. NOTES: 2 Author: Georg Bergner (ITP University Frankfurt) Title: Finite temperature analysis with effective Polyakov loop actions derived from a strong coupling expansion Abstract: Effective Polyakov loop models are a useful tool for an investigation of pure Yang-Mills theory and full QCD. A systematic derivation of the effective action can be done in a strong coupling expansion. Quite accurate predictions for phase transition have been obtained with this approach. In a hopping parameter expansion this approach can be extended to full QCD, even at finite chemical potential. Besides the phase transition also other observables are accessible within the framework of these effective theories. As a further test of this approach the free energy of the static quark-antiquark pair in the effective theory is compared with the results in full Yang-Mills theory. NOTES: 3 Author: Marcus Bleicher (University of Frankfurt) Title: Hybrid modelling of heavy ion collisions Abstract: We present a review on the latest developments within the framework of coupled Boltzmann-hydrodynamics hybrid approaches to relativistic heavy ion collisions. We will start from global observables, and discuss initial state fluctuations, and heavy quark dy- namics. Then we will present potential technical and physical improvements to the present simulations. NOTES: 4 Author: Michael Buballa (TU Darmstadt) Title: Inhomogeneous chiral-symmetry breaking phases Abstract: I discuss inhomogenous chiral symmetry breaking, focusing on new developments since the XXVIII Max Born Symposium 2011 (see Acta Phys. Polon. Supp. 5 641 (2012)). This includes an improved treatment of vector interactions, two-dimensional modulations, and a study of chiral density waves with Dyson-Schwinger equations. NOTES: 5 Author: Margaret Carrington (Brandon University) Title: Renormalization group flow equations connected to the nPI effective action Abstract: I discuss two non-perturbative techniques, the nPI effective action and the exact renor- malization group. At lowest order, it is known that the renormalization group flow equa- tions can be truncated using using the 4-point Bethe-Salpeter vertex obtained from the 2PI effective action. I show that one can truncate at the level of the second renormaliza- tion group flow equation using a coupled pair of Bethe-Salpeter type integral equations obtained from the 4PI effective action. Furthermore, the resulting flow equations for the 2- and 4-point functions are total derivatives whose integrals give the 4PI eom’s. This result indicates that there is a direct connection between the two formalisms. There may be practical advantages in reformulating the nPI integral equations as flow equations, since solving initial value problems is usually easier than solving non-linear integral equations. NOTES: 6 Author: Jean Cleymans (University of Cape Town) Title: The Tsallis distribution at the LHC Abstract: The Tsallis distribution was introduced in 1988 by Constantin Tsallis and has been used in many fields of physics. It has been widely used in high energy physics by the large experimental collaborations (PHENIX, STAR, ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, ...) mainly to describe transverse momentum distributions. Despite this, it has not received much attention from the theoretical high energy physics community. In this talk we will present a short review of the Tsallis distribution focusing on the use in high energy physics. A proposal will be considered to bring consistency to the values of the Tsallis parameter q and the corresponding temperature T. NOTES: 7 Author: Katarzyna Deja (National Centre for Nuclear Research) Title: Parton’s energy loss in unstable plasmas Abstract: Quark-gluon plasma produced at the early stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions is unstable due to anisotropic parton’s momentum distribution. We develop a formalism to compute an energy loss of a fast parton traversing the unstable plasma. A magnitude of the energy loss per unit length, which is obtained as a solution of initial value problem, is shown to exponentially grow in time. References: Parton Energy Loss in the Extremely Prolate Quark-Gluon Plasma, e-Print: arXiv:1301.4563 [hep-ph] Parton Energy Loss in an Unstable Quark-Gluon Plasma, published in: Acta Phys.Polon.Supp. 5 (2012) 947 Parton Energy Loss in Two-Stream Plasma System, published in: Acta Phys.Polon.Supp. 5 (2012) 343-348 NOTES: 8 Author: Alexander Dubinin (JINR, Dubna) Title: Diquarks in the effective QCD Abstract: We consider diquarks in the effective QCD at finite temperature and density. Temper- ature dependence of the diquark masses are obtained. The results are compared with the existing calculations. NOTES: 9 Author: Tobias Fischer (GSI/TU Darmstadt) Title: Deconfinement phase transition to strange quark matter in core-collapse supernova simulations Abstract: Current heavy-ion collider facilities such as the LHC at CERN in Geneva (Switzerland), RHIC in Brookhaven (US), and RIKEN in Tokyo (Japan) are mainly devoted to probe the state of matter with respect to a possible signal from the de-confinement (phase) transition, where the possibly de-confined quarks recombine to form the bound-state baryons. They mainly explore high temperatures on the order of several 100 MeV and low densities, a state of matter at high entropy per baryon which represents the early universe. On the other hand, NICA in Dubna (Russia) and, still under construction, FAIR at the GSI in Darmstadt (Germany) may be able to access the possible de-confinement (phase) transition at high densities and temperatures on the order of several tens of MeV. It corresponds to a state of matter at low and intermediate entropy per baryon, which in astrophysics represents neutron-star matter as well as supernova matter. In addition, simulations of astronomical objects and astrophysical phenomena can be used as powerful laboratories to probe conditions that are inaccessible for the currently operating heavy-ion collider facilities. In this talk I review the latter aspect, starting with a brief introduction to core-collapse supernova phenomenology, I will then summarize the past and recent efforts to study the possible impact of the de-confinement (phase) transition on the supernova dynamics. Special emphasis will be given to extract possible observables, e.g., the neutrino signal from such event. I will also discuss current constraints from heavy-ion collision experiments and astrophysics. Both of which must be considered when constructing an equation of state valid for astrophysical applications, independent from the structures contained, e.g., baryons, de-confined quarks, or both. NOTES: 10 Author: Bengt Friman (GSI) Title: Fluctuations on the phase boundary Abstract: I explore the relevance of higher order cumulants of net baryon number fluctuations for the analysis of freeze-out and critical conditions in heavy ion collisions at LHC and RHIC. The generic structure of these higher cumulants at vanishing baryon chemical potential are related to the O(4) scaling functions. Chiral model calculations are used to explore their properties at non-zero baryon chemical potential. I argue that the higher order cumulants of baryon number and electric charge offer the possibility to probe the proximity of the thermal freeze-out to the crossover line. NOTES: 11 Author: Ernst-Michael Ilgenfritz (VBLHEP JINR, Dubna) Title: The thermal crossover with two flavors of twisted mass quarks Abstract: I will report about a finite-temperature study with two flavors of twisted mass Wilson fermions. This fermion formulation for lattice gauge theory simulations is not much used in this context, but it adds to the various types of fermions that need to be compared with respect to the phase structure. Results of the tmfT Collaboration concerning the thermal crossover for zero baryonic density (for a set of would-be pion masses) and their chiral extrapolation will be presented, as well as the status of the equation of state (EoS). Studies of the gluon propagator in Landau gauge have been extended to finite tem- perature, both in gluodynamics and to full QCD as represented by the tmfT simulations. Although the temperature dependence is not dramatic (even in the case of gluodynamics across the first order transition), the two cases can be related through Schwinger-Dyson equations with an appropriate quark mass. NOTES: 12 Author: Jakub Jankowski (University of Wrocław) Title: Chiral condensate and the structure of hadrons Abstract: A model of hadron masses based on quark structure of hadrons combined with effects of chiral dynamics is used to calculate 2+1 quark flavour chiral condensate in the hadron resonance gas framework.
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