Conservation

Gardener SPRING & Summer 2016

the university of AT CHAPEL HILL in this issue

ON THE COVER Past, present and future 3 Transformation 4 Meet Northern rattlesnake-master 5 Northern Celebrating 50 Years 6 10 rattlesnake-master Pollinator 14 Thank you! 15

Eryngium yuccifolium

Illustration by Dot Wilbur-Brooks

4 5

6 10

To inspire understanding, appreciation, and conservation of and to advance a sustainable relationship between people and nature. Special Thanks

There is so much to be thankful for as I reflect back on my first year as Director. Past, present We belong to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the finest public research university in the nation. We and future have an amazing and dedicated staff with expertise and institutional knowledge that by Damon Waitt, NCBG Director would be the envy of any public garden. We delight in the fellowship of hundreds of volunteers whose time and talent is vital Dear Members and Friends, to our operation. And we benefit from the wisdom and support of the Botanical Welcome to this first issue of the workshops and classes. We serve over Garden Foundation (also celebrating its 50th Conservation Gardener, the North 8,000 children each year through field anniversary) and 3,200 members like you. Carolina Botanical Garden’s new trips and school outreach and offer magazine for members. By the time this more than 40 on site programs inaugural issue reaches your mailbox, designed to connect children and the Garden will be celebrating its 50th families to the natural world through anniversary and I will have completed summer camps, early childhood classes, my first year as the Garden’s first full- afterschool and homeschool programs. time director. Past, present and future is our theme this year and how fitting There is no question we are doing it is to launch a new vehicle to share all the right things to inspire information about what it means to understanding, appreciation and Lastly, we provide you with step-by- be a conservation gardener with our conservation of plants and to advance step instructions to create a beautiful members and friends. a sustainable relationship between pollinator garden and recommend people and nature. The real question is, specific native plants that will support Since opening its first trail in 1966, the what can you do to better understand, pollinator health. North Carolina Botanical Garden has appreciate and conserve North been a leader in botanical education, Carolina’s natural heritage and build a And, there is one more thing you can conservation and research in the more sustainable relationship with the do. A week or two ago you received state of North Carolina and beyond. natural world? our Spring Appeal asking you to renew We maintain and protect more your membership and take advantage than 1,100 acres of land in , Enter the Conservation Gardener. In the of a new member benefit that gives parks, preserves and conservation pages of this issue you will meet North you special admission privileges and easements. We offer a remarkable Carolina’s 2016 Wildflower of the Year, discounts at 300 gardens and arboreta natural environment to more than Northern rattlesnake-master, discover throughout North America. Please show 100,000 visitors each year. We offer how to order seeds, and put this your support for the Garden by making extensive educational programming to use in your landscape. We also a gift and renewing your membership. focused on North Carolina’s native introduce you to Emerald Ash Borer, We have planned special exhibits, flora, , ecology, conservation an invasive exotic , and how you events and programs all year long and and botanical art to over 9,000 people can help prevent the spread of this we hope you will join us in celebrating annually in more than 120 lectures, major threat to our nation’s ash trees. this milestone in the Garden’s history.

IN THE Pressed Wildflower Jewelry GARDEN By Sunshine Design. Real North Carolina flowers, hand-collected, dried and carefully mounted on a SHOP hand-painted background. Jewelry $12-26

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 3 Transformation by Jennifer Peterson, Managing editor

I find that working at the Garden compels And perhaps one of our biggest and most me to tune in to the seasons and obvious changes is our new logo system! appreciate how the landscape changes You might recognize the image as a thoughout the year. From the excitement dogwood (Cornus ). We chose the North Carolina of the first spring ephemerals in the dogwood because it is North Carolina’s Mountain Habitat, to the brilliant yellows state flower and we are the state garden in the Coastal Plain Habitat each fall, and of North Carolina. There are some other Botanical Garden all of the other botanical anniversaries interesting features included in this logo, throughout each year, I delight in the too. If you want to find out more about constant transformation. the logo go to ncbg.unc.edu/logo. Damon Waitt Director This past year has been filled with a The rebranding process took a lot of Nancy Easterling Education lot of change at the North Carolina work and help from a variety of people. A Botanical Garden, too. A year ago, we big thank you goes out to Rivers Agency Charlotte Jones-Roe Development were welcoming our new director to the and UNC Creative for their professional Garden family. With Dr. Waitt’s leadership, design expertise. We also had an Johnny Randall Conservation we are embarking on several new internal group of staff whose insight was adventures and making some subtle invaluable. The group included Allison Jim Ward Horticulture changes to how we communicate with Essen, Chris Liloia, Geoffrey Neal, Cricket you, our members. Taylor, Elisha Taylor and Damon Waitt.

Alan Weakley Herbarium Thank you! One of the obvious changes is this, the first edition of theConservation While change is exciting, it is also Gardener! As editor, I especially hope comforting to know some things never Botanical Garden you enjoy our new magazine. Twice each change. Here at the Garden, you will year, we will fill the pages with the latest always find the Paul Green Cabin, the Foundation conservation news and information you Storyteller’s Chair, and of course, North can use at home. Carolina flora in all its beauty. And, as Officers our communication methods transform, We have also launched a new electronic you can rest assured that our first priority newsletter. This is where you will find is still to serve the southeastern United updates on events, programs, and more. States as a leading conservation garden. Greg Fitch President If you aren’t receiving these messages, sign up! You can do so at ncbg.unc.edu/ Missy Rankin Vice President enewsletter.

Stephen A. Rich Treasurer

Jan Dean Secretary

Conservation Gardener

Jennifer Peterson Managing Editor

4 Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 Meet Northern rattlesnake-master North Carolina’s 2016 Wildflower of the Year by Heather Summer, NCBG Seed Program Coordinator

Northern rattlesnake-master (Eryngium flowers and persistent seed heads can Use Northern rattlesnake-master as an yuccifolium), an unusual prairie species be interesting additions to cut flower accent plant or dramatic focal point native to the eastern and central United arrangements, and the tough leaves in a sunny perennial bed or pollinator States, has been named the 2016 North and flowers are fairly deer and rabbit garden with butterfly milkweed Carolina Wildflower of the Year. resistant. (Asclepias tuberosa), black-eyed susan (Rudbeckia hirta) and asters With a basal clump of leathery strap-like, Northern rattlesnake-master has a long (Symphyotrichum spp.). blueish green leaves and a single upright and interesting history of human use. flowering stalk, this distinctive species Perhaps the earliest known use of this For a Wildflower of the Year brochure more closely resembles a plant species dates back 8,000 years, when and packet of Northern rattlesnake- than its closest relatives in the carrot prehistoric North Americans used the master seeds, send a stamped, self- family (Apiaceae). Northern rattlesnake- fiber from its thick leaves to make shoes addressed, business envelope with master is a great garden plant for the and sandals. The common name of this attention to NCWFOY 2016 to North interesting form and texture provided by species comes from early 18th century Carolina Botanical Garden, UNC–Chapel its leaves, flower clusters and seed heads. accounts of Native Americans applying Hill, CB 3375, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3375. a root preparation to their hands and In mid- to late-summer, a single stiff arms to protect them while handling The North Carolina Botanical Garden stem topped with round, spikey flower rattlesnakes, and brewing a root tea to and the Garden Club of North Carolina clusters rises two to four feet from use as rattlesnake antivenin. work together to promote the use of the clump of yucca-like leaves. Each native plants in home gardens. Each year cluster is composed of many small, Northern rattlesnake-master occurs since 1982, a showy ­native perennial tightly arranged flowers with white to throughout North Carolina along sandy has been chosen and seeds of that pale green petals and pointy bracts, roadsides, prairies and open woods, and wildflower are distributed to interested giving the appearance of small, bristly prefers open, sunny sites with dry to gardeners. To view a list of the past golf balls. The flowers attract a steady average, well-drained soil. It will become North Carolina Wildflowers of the Year, abundance of incredibly diverse spindly in the shade and will decline visit the Garden’s website: ncbg.unc. pollinators including native bees, wasps, rapidly if planted in poorly drained soils. edu/north-carolina-wildflower-of-the- flies, butterflies, moths and beetles. Upon Given the right conditions, this species year. ripening in the fall, the seed heads look will produce a sturdy taproot and nearly identical to the flower clusters, become a tough, long-lived, drought- except they are brown in color. Both the resistant perennial.

Almost 200 years ago, the 2016 North Carolina Wildflower of the Year was being cultivated in England under the name “Yucca-leaved Eryngo.”

The color image to the right appeared in The Botanical Register, Vol. V, 1819, drawn from a plant growing in the Frasers’ Nursery in Sloane Square, London, England.

The Botanical Register, later known as Edward’s Botanical Register, was an illustrated botanical magazine that ran from 1815 to 1847. Botanical Li brary I N TH E illustrator Sydenham Edwards was the primary illustrator of the earlier The Botanical Magazine (Curtis’s Botanical Magazine) until he left in dispute with the editors to begin his own publication which ran for 33 volumes.

In England, the early horticultural magazines were published in sturdy book form with beautiful images of hand-colored engravings from noted botanical illustrators of the period. The North Carolina Botanical Garden is fortunate that The Botanical Garden Foundation’s William L. Hunt Library contains all 33 volumes.

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 5 Celebrating 50 Years of Conservation

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6 Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 Fifty years ago, on April 10, 1966, the been at the core of its work. In 1961, C. Through Propagation,” advocating for North Carolina Botanical Garden Ritchie Bell, a professor of botany and native plants to be grown from seeds opened its first offering to the public, the tireless promoter of the flora of North and cuttings rather than collected from Piedmont Nature Trails. Carolina, was appointed the Garden’s their natural habitats. first director, and work to open a public However, the vision for the Garden site for the appreciation of North The Garden also became a steward of started much earlier. William Chambers Carolina’s plants began in earnest. natural areas in partnership with the Coker and his student Henry Roland Botanical Garden Foundation. They Totten proposed a botanical garden As the Garden grew beyond the nature currently care for over 1,000 acres of south of the main UNC campus in the trails, students, volunteers and a growing land, including display gardens and late 1920s. Although some plantings staff constructed “habitat gardens,” nature preserves. were made by the 1940s, it was in displays representing the major plant Through demonstration, forward- thinking policies, and its own conservation projects, the North Carolina Botanical Garden became known as a Conservation Garden, coining the term and setting an example for other public gardens across the country.

In addition to a focus on conservation, the Garden has acquired responsibility for other major sites during the past 50 years: Coker Arboretum, a beloved garden on the central campus of UNC- Chapel Hill; Mason Farm Biological Reserve, a tract of old farmland and ancient woodlands that provides wildlife Coker Arboretum in the 1920s. Photo by Persons Name habitat and research facilities for diverse projects; Battle Park and Forest Theatre, a well-loved, longstanding natural area bordering the UNC-Chapel Hill Henry Totten with students in 1958 campus; the University of North Carolina Herbarium, home to more than 800,000 plant specimens; and the Carolina Campus Community Garden, a vegetable 1952 that the university Board of communities of the state and illustrating garden that provides fresh vegetables to Trustees dedicated 70 forested acres the theme of botanist B. W. Wells’s book UNC-Chapel Hill housekeeping staff. for botanical garden development. The Natural Gardens of North Carolina. William Lanier Hunt, a horticulturist In addition to promoting native Today the North Carolina Botanical and former student of Coker and Totten, plants through display, the Garden Garden is nationally known for its added 103 acres of dramatic creek gorge sought to help gardeners across the conservation practices, educational and rhododendron bluffs to this tract. state understand the importance of programs and display gardens. Join Hunt also helped to found the Garden’s conserving these plants. the Garden during 2016 for a variety membership support organization, the of events celebrating 50 years as a Botanical Garden Foundation, in 1966. Encouraged by the North Carolina Wild conservation garden. Find out more at Flower Preservation Society (now the ncbg.unc.edu/ncbg50. Throughout the Garden’s history, North Carolina Native Plant Society), conservation and native plants have the Garden promoted “Conservation

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 7 1961 1903 C. Ritchie Bell William Chambers Coker becomes first begins Coker Arboretum director

1952 1966 Trustees approve Piedmont Nature creation of the North Trails open, the Carolina Botanical Garden’s first Garden offering; Botanical Garden Foundation incorporated 50th celebration

Join us for a variety of programs and celebrations in honor of our 50th anniversary! And be sure to stop by mid-May through mid-August for an exhibit about our history.

Details at ncbg.unc.edu/NCBG50 Mark your calendars for a big 50th anniversary celebration in Chapel Hill on October 22!

Calling all shutterbugs! Grab your camera and take some photos of North Carolina’s native birds! Cash Bird prizes will be awarded in adult and youth categories. Photo Photos are due October 16. Photo by Mike Dunn.

Contest Details at & Show ncbg.unc.edu/photocontest

8 Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 1982 NC Wildflower of the Year program begins; 2004 2015 management of Coker Management of Battle Damon Waitt Arboretum and Mason Park and Forest Theatre becomes third Farm Biological Reserve moved to NCBG director moved to NCBG

1976 1986 1998 2009 Totten Center Peter White becomes NCBG becomes the James & Delight Allen dedicated second director; first botanical garden to Education Center Coastal Plain establish an exotic plant opens boardwalk installed policy

On display through April - Stunning film DeBerry photographs by Jennifer Parker welcome you into a timeless universe of elegance, drama and Gallery unexpected mystery. Deep Focus captures a place Exhibits where the commotion of everyday life ceases and one can pause in the natural flow of beauty.

Coming in May...oil paintings by Sally Sutton

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 9 Invasive Exotic Threatening Our Native Forests Emerald Ash Borer in North Carolina

by Catherine Bollinger

Emerald Ash Borer (Agrilus planipennis) 10 Eric R. Day, PolytechnicConservation Institute Gardener and State SPRING/Summe University,r 2016 Bugwood.org It doesn’t look like a dangerous alien, distributed ash species in the United does it – this tiny iridescent green States – flourishes in a variety of soil insect? But since June 2002, this invader types and is often abundant along A Few Definitions from Asia, the Emerald Ash Borer (EAB), waterways and in wetlands. Large gaps has already killed almost every ash tree in the canopy are left when all the ash Exotic: Any plant//fungus/ species ( spp.) in the Ontario trees in local ecosystems die. bacterium not indigenous to the and Quebec provinces in Canada and southeastern US. Synonyms for the term is at least present in most US states Affected Southeastern US Ash exotic include non-native, alien, non- east of the Mississippi from Minnesota Species indigenous and introduced. Invasive exotic: Any exotic species that threatens the survival or reproduction of native plants or , or threatens to reduce biological diversity. Overstory: The uppermost level of vegetation in a forest, usually forming the canopy. Southeastern US Native: An indigenous, regionally native plant/animal/fungus/ bacterium. Systemic insecticide: A water-soluble Aerial photo of EAB-induced ash tree mortality in Wisconsin, August 2013 poison that can be absorbed by a plant Photo by Bill McNee, Wisconsin Dept. of Natural Resources, Bugwood.org and moved around in its tissues. Such pesticides are usually either injected into a plant or applied to its root system, to . It was confirmed to be In the southeastern United States, four where they are absorbed. present in North Carolina in 2013 and is species of ash are native. Three are currently moving north to south across wetland species: Weed: A plant growing in the wrong the state. •• Green Ash (Fraxinus place. Most weeds are annual or biennial pennsylvanica) herbaceous plants and may be native Female EABs lay their eggs in bark •• Carolina Ash (F. caroliniana) or exotic in origin. Although weeds are considered to be troublesome crevices of ash trees. Tiny larvae hatch •• Pumpkin Ash (F. profunda) or unsightly, they do not threaten in mid-summer and chew their way biological diversity. through the outer bark to the inner bark Green Ash is the most common species and into the sapwood. These tree tissues and is often a dominant overstory transport food and water between component of wetland ecosystems. roots and leaves. Feeding larvae create winding tunnels, called galleries, which White Ash (F. americana) is the other completely disrupt the food and water species commonly found in the transport systems of the tree. Deprived southeastern United States. It naturally of food and water, branches begin occurs on deep, well-drained soils, and For further reading dying until the entire tree is dead. Once its wood has been used for centuries to an infestation arrives, most – often make fine furniture, baseball bats and nearly all – ash tree species die within any other wooden item required to be For more information about invasive insects, a few years. strong and lasting. Additionally, it has including Laurel Wilt, Gypsy Moth and been used extensively as a landscape Hemlock Wooly Adelgid, please go to: The potential ecological and economic tree in urban and suburban settings. impacts of the obliteration of North ncbg.unc.edu/emerald-ash-borer American ash tree species are almost Southeastern US Animals that too enormous to contemplate. Rely on Ash Trees According to national inventory Humans aren’t the only living creatures data, the United States contains who have relied on ash trees for more than eight billion ash trees of centuries. According to Dr. Douglas W. 16 different species in its eastern Tallamy in his book Bringing Nature forests. Additionally, certain ash Home: How You Can Sustain Wildlife species and their cultivars are planted with Native Plants, ash trees support routinely to enhance urban/suburban at least 150 species of moths and landscapes. Several ash species are butterflies – more than hazelnut, walnut, key components of the overstory of beech or chestnut. These include forest ecosystems in which they occur. Promethea and Apple Sphinx Moths, For example, Green Ash (Fraxinus and Eastern Tiger Swallowtail and pennsylvanica) – the most widely Mourning Cloak butterflies. NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 11 Carolina is the gypsy moth, which is now Ash trees are important sources of controlled to minimize damage, Oten browse and cover for deer. Seeds are notes. consumed by wood ducks, northern bobwhites, purple finches, pine Until controls are developed, Oten says grosbeaks, fox squirrels, mice and our best bet is to buy scientists as much many other birds and small mammals. time as possible to study the EAB by: Because of their tendency to form • tracking its progress by using trunk cavities when their tops are strategically placed traps and via broken, mature ashes are highly valued reports from scientists and citizens as nesting sites by woodpeckers, who can provide information about wood ducks, owls, nuthatches and confirmed sightings. gray squirrels. Green Ash woodlands • encouraging all North Carolinians often shelter the highest numbers of to use only local firewood. These bark-foraging and ground-nesting bird pests can be inadvertently moved species. hundreds of miles by hitchhiking on or in untreated firewood. What will happen to these animals if • introducing beneficial wasp almost every ash tree in North America species that attack and kill EAB. dies? No one can predict the future This tactic is in the experimental with certainty, but we can look at what stage now. But if it works, it will has already happened in southeastern serve in the short term to slow , where massive gaps in forest the spread of EAB, and perhaps cover have favored the invasion of eventually help control the pest in invasive exotic plant species. Japanese the long term. honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), for • strategically using systemic Emerald Ash Borer larval galleries Art Wagner, USDA-APHIS, Bugwood.org example, is starting to overwhelm insecticides to protect ash trees woodlands the way kudzu (Pueraria in urban and home landscapes as lobata) does in the Southeast. Soil well as parks and near trailheads. those are years that trees could put on chemistries are changing, as are water valuable growth or continue to provide cycling patterns, making it more difficult Oten notes, “Not only do [protected] shade and aesthetic value. On the flip for remaining native species to maintain trees add aesthetic value, but they could side, EAB has shown us that it can show themselves. As ash-feeding insects become a hazard to property and/or up suddenly in new areas hundreds disappeared, so did the birds that fed on people if they begin to die.” She adds of miles from the nearest known those insects. that estimates for some chemicals infestation, so frequent monitoring is a indicate that trees can be protected must.”

Individuals can aid scientists by using “Currently, there is not much only locally harvested firewood, by reporting any sightings of EAB, and by we are able to do to prevent staying informed about the status of EAB and any emerging controls for it in widespread ash mortality. But I their area. Public gardens, such as the North Carolina Botanical Garden, that am also optimistic that are members of the American Public Gardens Association have access to its things will change.” Sentinel Plant Network which provides training, equipment and educational outreach materials to help gardens What is Being Done to from EAB for 20-30 years for the same keep their members informed about Save Our Ash Trees? amount of money it would cost to emerging pests and diseases. “Research is ongoing,” says Kelly Oten, remove them. Forest Health Monitoring Coordinator Saving for Tomorrow for the North Carolina Forest Service. “Our hope,” Oten notes, “is that we can Scientists throughout North America She notes, “Currently, there is not much provide landowners with the knowledge are studying ash species native to Asia, we are able to do to prevent widespread needed to make management decisions ash mortality. But I am also optimistic themselves, as each decision is not only that things will change.” personal, but will be based on many factors ... One of the key things we’re Oten notes that when a new invading urging landowners to consider is the species attacks our forests, there is speed at which EAB is spreading in NC. always a learning curve as scientists The natural spread of EAB is relatively study the new threat and devise ways to slow. For many areas in NC, it will likely Seeds of Green Ash counteract it. A great example in North be years before EAB reaches them, and ( Fraxinus pennsylvanica) Catherine Bollinger, piedmontgardener.com

12 Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 which is also the home of the EAB. Asian ashes appear to be resistant to EAB devastation, and the hope is that this genetic resistance can be incorporated into North American ash species in the future. To ensure they have viable ash tree seeds to work with, the USDA Forest Service’s National Seed Laboratory (NSL) is coordinating the collection of ash tree seeds from as many species and locations as possible. Landowners with healthy ash tree populations can contribute seeds collected from their trees by following instructions provided on the NSL’s Web site.

Other Imminent Invasive Exotic Species Threats to Our Forests Unfortunately, Emerald Ash Borer is not the only invasive exotic species threatening the health of our native forests. When asked to list what she considers to be the top five invasive exotic species threats to our native southeastern forests, Kelly Oten lists: • Emerald Ash Borer • Laurel Wilt – a disease introduced by a non-native insect (Redbay Ambrosia Beetle) that is destroying key coastal wetland species including redbay (Persea borbonia) and spicebush species (Lindera spp.). • Thousand Cankers Disease – introduced by the Walnut Twig Beetle, this fungal disease is devastating Black Walnuts and related species. • Gypsy Moth – The caterpillars of this invader defoliated trees in the Northeast before controls were developed to moderate its impacts. NC Forest Service Emerald Ash Borer monitoring trap • Hemlock Wooly Adelgid – This Kelly Oten, North Carolina Forest Service, Bugwood.org tiny insect that has killed Landowners and other interested hemlock forests throughout A writer and editor for over 30 years, individuals are advised to remain North Carolina came from Catherine Bollinger prefers to write informed about these threats and Japan. Populations are now about botanical subjects whenever she additional ones that may emerge in established from northeastern can. For the last six years, she has been the future via information provided by to southeastern Maine blogging about her landscape at www. government agencies and other interested piedmontgardener.com. and as far west as eastern organizations, such as public gardens. Kentucky and Tennessee.

Native A celebration of native plants A festival celebrating native plants and highlighting our Plant display gardens and habitats. Featuring the sale of native plants from NCBG and local nurseries, as well as live Sale music, food trucks, tree climbing and a raffle. Admission is & Festival free and all are invited. May 21, 4-8 p.m.

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 13 Tiger swallowtail on Purple-Coneflower ( Echinacea purpurea) Barbara Driscoll

for Your Garden

Nectar-Providing Plants Perennials Aster (Symphyotrichum spp., Eurybia spp., Ionactus linariifolius and Ampelaster carolinianus) • Beebalm/ Bergamot (Monarda spp.) • Black-eyed- Plant a beautiful Susan (Rudbeckia spp.) • Blazing Star (Liatris spp.) • Boneset (Eupatorium spp.) • Green and gold (Chrysogonum virginianum) • pollinator garden Goldenrod (Solidago spp.) • Joe-pye weed (Eutrochium spp.) • Milkweed (Asclepias spp.) • Mountain-mint (Pycnanthemum Pollinators are vital to agriculture, host plants will regrow the foliage yet they are in decline for a variety that is lost. spp.) • Passionflower Passiflora( spp.) • of reasons. While this is a large-scale 4 . Cluster plants of the same species Pea family ( spp., Thermopsis problem, one solution can be found in ... this makes it easier for pollinators villosa, Centrosema virginianum) • Purple your backyard! By choosing plants that and caterpillars to feed and graze. coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) • help pollinators, you can make a real 5 . Include various colors of flowers ... Rattlesnake-master/Eryngo (Eryngium spp.) difference and support thousands of different pollinators prefer different • Skullcap (Scutellaria spp.) • Sunflower vital insects. colors. The greater diversity of flower (Helianthus spp.) • Tickseed (Coreopsis spp.) color you have, the more pollinators Here are some basic steps to ensure will visit your garden. Shrubs Beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) a wonderful garden for both you and 6 . Don’t use insecticides! ... even those • New Jersey-tea (Ceanothus americanus) native pollinators labeled “organic” are often deadly to • Ninebark (Physocarpus opulifolius) • 1 . Use native plants ... many native pollinators. Pollinators eat or graze Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea) • Sweet pollinators prefer them, and some on all parts of plants, so anything pepperbush (Clethra alnifolia) • Virginia rely solely on them. Avoid cultivars sprayed on any part of the plant can sweetspire (Itea virginica) as they often fail to produce nectar, kill pollinators. pollen, or seeds. 7 . Use native grasses ... grasses provide Host Plants 2 . Choose a variety of plants that will structure in the garden, and many Caterpillars need specific plants for food. bloom throughout the season ... this pollinators rely on grasses for makes for a more pleasing garden reproduction and food. Butterflies will lay their eggs on or near these plants and also ensures that you will have food for different pollinators. Some Keep in mind that you are creating Perennials Beardtongue (Penstemon pollinators are only active in early an ecosystem that will provide native spp.) – Buckeye and Checkerspots • spring, late summer, or fall, while insects with food, shelter and water. Pipevine (Isotrema spp.) – Pipevine others are active all season. Dead wood, flower stalks and leaf litter 3 . Use a mixture of nectar and host are a great habitat for insects. In fact, Swallowtail • Golden Alexanders (Zizia plants ... both types of plants are many insects, including lightning bugs aurea) – Black Swallowtail • Milkweed important, and some native plants and some butterflies, actually require (Asclepias spp.) – Monarch • Passion flower (Passiflora spp.) – Fritillaries, Hairstreaks fulfill both needs. Butterflies and leaf litter for their larvae. Rock and moths lay eggs on or near host water features also benefit pollinators Shrubs Spicebush (Lindera benzoin) – plants so the emerging caterpillars while enhancing the beauty of your can eat the leaves. You are growing garden. Spicebush Swallowtail • Winged Sumac (Rhus copallinum) – Red-banded Hairstreak food for the caterpillars, and the Trees Oak species (Quercus spp.) – Native Bumble Bee on multiple pollinators including several Butterfly milkweed (Asclepias tuberosa) species of hairstreaks and moths • Paw Photo by Barbara Driscoll Paw (Asmina triloba) – Zebra Swallowtail • Sassafras (Sassafras albidum) – Spicebush Swallowtail • Tulip-trees (Liriodendron tulipifera) – multiple pollinators including Eastern Tiger Swallowtail

Grasses Many pollinators rely on grasses for reproduction and food. • Hairgrass (Muhlenbergia capillaris) • Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) • Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) 14 for Your Garden Thank you!

to all who have supported the Garden from July 1, 2014 to June 30, 2015.

$250,000 and above Adele R. Ray Garden Gate Landscapes Melissa M. Cain The Soo Foundation Stephen and Sandra Rich David and Lallie Godschalk Challah for Hunger Catherine E. Nerantzis Ron Strom and Cathy Pascal Greenwood Neighborhood Chapel Hill Bird Club Jeffrey and Eileen Soo The Alben F. Bates & Association Myron S. Cohen Kenneth Soo Clara G. Bates Foundation Sandra Henson William and Julie Coleman Liang Y. and Dixie L. Soo The Burt’s Bees Sumeetha and Tanner Hock Janet and James Corcoran Michael Soo Greater Good Foundation Carol C. Hogue and Gordon DeFriese Jeff Dangl and Sarah Grant Sandy and Reaves Thompson Julie E. Irwin C. W. and Elizabeth Davis $100,000 - 249,999 Gale and E.L. Unterberg Charlotte Jones-Roe and Chuck Roe W. Kent Davis Estate of Karla Reed Raphe Kantor Carol and Francis DeYoung $2,500 - 4,999 Robert and Mary Beth Keiter Maryann Feldman $50,000 - 99,999 Betsy and Walter Bennett Thomas Krakauer Greg Fitch and John Sweet Marcella and Paul Grendler Cotton and May Bryan Randy and Cathy Lambe Galloway Ridge at Fearrington Syngenta Crop Protection, Inc. Tom Daly and Allison Savicz Nan and Edgar Lawton Gimghoul Area Jan and Jim Dean George and Judy Lockhart Homeowners Association $25,000 - 49,999 Arthur and Mignon DeBerry Cynthia Madden Leslie Guier Bill and Rosalie Olsen Julie and Matthew Ellis Jinny and John Marino Thomas W. Hardy Jayne Lane Gregory Mary and Elliott Wood Foundation Gail Henderson $10,000 - 24,999 Deborah L. Hill Mercedes Benz of Barbara B. Hiestand Anonymous Lawrence and Lu Howard Winston-Salem and Greensboro Susan Joseph Rebecca and Munroe Cobey Jonathan and Mary Howes Elston and Mike Miles John and Betty King Chicita Culberson Marguerite P. Hutchins Nell and C.L. Morton Lynn K. Knauff Rufus and Linda Edmisten Paula LaPoint Ed Neal and Iola Peed-Neal Barbara and Dale Koch Lucinda Gordon Learning Services Corporation Scottie and David Neill Anne H. Lindsey Grace Jones Richardson Trust Performance Automall Inc. Charles and Nancy Norwood Gayle P. Lloyd James and Dorthy Hardin Nancy and Ed Preston Charlotte L. Offerdahl Elizabeth Locke Glenda Parker Jones Dave Robert/Dead Mule Club Paperhand Puppet Intervention Hanson and Betsy Malpass Julia E. Irwin Charitable Jennifer and Alfonse Runquist Peter and Ona Pickens Paul Mampilly Lead Annuity Trust Damon and Sara Waitt Missy and Sam Rankin Carol E. Manzon Nolan D. Lovins Fran and Gary Whaley Kent and Nancy Raymond Marathon Petroleum Co LP Harriet and D.G. Martin Tamara and Joe Rice David L. Martin Florence and James Peacock $1,000 - 2,499 Linda and Al Rimer John and Alice May Janice C. Swab Anonymous (4) Mark and Jane May Ritchie Sandy and Bet McClamroch Linda and Matthew Arnold/ David L. Robert Sandra and Ned McClurg $5,000 - 9,999 Swearingen Foundation Wyndham G. Robertson Laurie E. McNeil and Patrick Wallace Anonymous (2) Jack and Charlene Bennett Bill Ross and Susan Gravely Thomas and Sandra Meyer Ann and Lex Alexander Larry Blanton and Candace Haigler Barbara Roth Cyrus L. Miller Bruce and Paula Alexander Brad and Cheryl Briner Jim and Arlenne Schmidt H. Clay Miller III James and Delight Allen Robert and Molly Broad Tom and Margaret Scott John and Kathryn Miller Pam and Bill Camp Sandra Brooks-Mathers and Patricia and Robert Spearman David and Polly Moreau Dorrie Casey and Archie Purcell Mike Mathers Janice D. Stratton Sue Morgan Center for Plant Conservation Grady W. Burgin The Burch-Safford Foundation, Inc. Gretchen and Michael Morrissey Challenge Fund C. J. and Lale Burk Sally Couch Vilas and Harry Gooder Morrissey Design LLC Cindy K. and Tom Cook Carolina Meadows Stephen and Charlotte Wainwright Robert and Beverly Murdock E. Craig Wall Sr. Foundation Chapel Hill Garden Club Barbara and Bob Wendell J. V. Nadler Fox Family Foundation Claire and Hudnall Christopher Carolyn and Peter White Paula D. Noell Joan H. Gillings June and Michael Clendenin John and Ashley Wilson Linda W. Norris Greater Horizons Foundation Gretchen Cozart Mark and Stacey Yusko North Carolina Native Plant Society James Joslin Nancy and Robert DeLong T. L. and Carmen Hooker Odom Anne F. Harris Elizabeth Dutton $500 - 999 Oliver H. Orr Thomas S. Kenan John and Marilyn Dutton Anonymous Palmer Page Paul and Mary MacDougal Muriel Y. Easterling Gordon M. Allen Earl N. and Kimberly Phillips Michael and Julia McVaugh Glen Elder and Sandy Turbeville Gerald A. Barrett Mia Pizzagalli Newman Catholic John and Pat Evans Catherine Bollinger and Mary L. Poe Student Center Parish Phyllis J. Evans Tom Scheitlin Carrie and Allan Porterfield Jennifer Parker and Pete Rosenburg Steven G. Feingold Ernest R. Braasch Harriet and Edwin Poston Margaret P. Parker Fine Feathers Harriett T. Brewer Dana and Erna Quade Catherine A. Pascal Carol L. Folt and David R. Peart Eleanor and Robert Broadus Miriam Rabkin Linda and Stuart Paynter Robert B. Fudge Eunice M. Brock and Sam Magill Joseph and Xiaomei Reckford Vikram Rao and Susan Henning Garden Club of North Carolina, Inc Clyde and Lois Browning Kenneth and Mary Redfoot

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 15 Jeannine and Mitchell Reese Alice C. Garfield Betsy B. Strandberg Alexandra A. Bokinsky Katharine L. Reid Peter F. Gelber Nancy Stronach Deborah Bolas Jim and Lynda Reimann David and Joan Guilkey Charles and Patricia Thompson Calhoun Bond Mary Reimann Joe and Betsy S. Hackney Don and Sue Tiedeman Gary and Carol Boos Dennis A. Revicki Jacquelyn D. Hall Jerry and Sondra Van Sant John J. Boren Anna L. Reynolds Judith H. Hallman Joan Walker and Ralph Costa Wayne Bosman Sylvianne Roberge Karen K. Henry Kirsten E. Walter Victoria and Scott Bouldin Tom and Susan Ross Robert S. Hogan James Ward and Lynne Wentworth Michelle S. Bouvette Frances E. Sample Bitty and Bill Holton Nick Ward/ Mary B. Bowers Kenneth N. Shelton Virginia S. Houk Native Sun Landscape Design Dilys M. Bowman Gwen Silver Betty B. James Deborah and M.H. West John and Elizabeth Bozeman Mark and Donna Simon Richard K. Johnson Harriett and Fielding Whipple Betty B. Bradley Stephanie Simon Justin Lord Coleman Foundation Charlie and Lydia Williams Alethea Bragg Sarah and Claude Snow Stephen Keith and Lisa Glover Pauline H. Williams William and Anne Brashear Phyllis and Mel Snyder Lewis and Susan Kellogg D. J. Wilson Sherry Brennan and Capel States John R. Staelin James and Sharon Kirkman Richard and Anita Wolfenden Jim and Mary Brewer Diana W. Steele Gary and Carolyn Koch Joe and Dana Woody Paul and Evelin Brinich Barbara L. Stiles Elin C. Kondrad JoAnn Yates Kathryn and Edward Britton Preston Stockton Katherine and Vincent Kopp David and Heather Yeowell Brenda and Keith Brodie David and Terri Swanson Robert R. Korstad Valerie B. Zamora David R. Brooks Swanson & Associates, P.A. Tina Labunski Nancy and Charlie Zimmerli Patricia and Edwin Brooks The FA Bartlett Tree Expert Co. Eleanor Lamb Kenneth and Marjorie Broun Douglas and Roberta Tilden Susan Lamb $100 - 249 Kendal Brown Robert and Melissa Tolbert W. F. and Jane Lamm Anonymous (8) Nils and Irena Brubaker Tony Hall & Associates John and Ione Coker Lee Angelo Abbate Steven D. Brunson Carol Tresolini and Tom Fiori Jeffrey and Sally Leinicke Brigitte B. Abrams Charlie and Lou Bryan UNC Center for Excellence in Kathleen Leutze Todd and Blisse Adams Jim and Betsy Bryan Community Mental Health Mack and Susan Little David and Judith Adamson Diane E. Buchanan James W. Vernon Joanne and John Lott Frank Adler Kathleen and John Bucher Bernice S. Wade D. Grier and Louise Martin Kaye D. Aikins Donald R. Burke William and Margaret Walker Thomas and Lorraine Masters Anne Albright Sophie and Graham Burkheimer Patrick W. Wallace Karen M. and E.G. McDougal Jim and Rebecca Alderman Laurinda Q. Burleson B. P. and Effie Watson Nancy and Moran McLendon Susan and Jeremy Aldworth William V. Burlingame Joseph and Ramona Westmoreland Jim and Ruth McVea Dorothy Allard and Bill Martin Phyllis H. Burns Clarence E. Whitefield Elizabeth L. Moore Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity Maurice and Joan Bursey Cathy and Turner Whitted Gregory A. Mu George N. Altshuller and John and Asa Butts Michael P. Wilder Native Sun Landscape Design LLC Miao-Fang Lin Leigh F. Callahan J. M. Woods Mark and Leslie Nelson Dennis and Marianne Alwon Chip Callaway Carly Zimmerman Neuro Community Care, LLC Anthony and P.M. Amitrano Kenneth M. Cameron William and Katherine Nolan Christopher I. Amos Molly Cameron $250 - 499 North Carolina Unit of HSA Inc Melinda and Douglas Anderson Elizabeth Campbell and Anonymous Abraham M. Nussbaum Richard G. Andrew James Godwin Michael D. Aitken Optimist Foundation of Chapel Hill Martha S. Arnold Robert L. Campbell Frances M. Allen Ariana Pancaldo Tami and Tim Atkins Margaret and Edmund Campion Cristin and Cutler Andrews Robert K. Peet Tony Avent Carol Candler E. Reid Bahnson Wayne E. Pein Katherine B. Baer Robert S. Cantwell Angelia G. Beasley Brian and Mary Beth Phillips Ingrid and Guy Baird Mary Clara Capel Bernice I. Bergup Chris and Bill Piscitello Sally and Rex Baird Tim Carey and Kathleen Dalton James B. Borden Rich and Marilyn Preyer Christopher and Suzanne Baker Philip and Linda Carl Bill Bracey John and Betsy Pringle Keith R. Baldwin Barbara D. Carman Joel S. Bulkley Karen L. Prus Edward C. Balinsky Carolina Brewery, Inc. W. W. Burns Heather N. Ramsey Virginia Q. Banks Andrea L. Carpenter Allen W. Bush Elisabeth A. Reid Gary and Barbara Barnes Elizabeth Carroll Cliff and Linda Butler Lynn Richardson Thomas and Katherine Barrett Deborah and George Carter Susan and Alvis Bynum Gary I. Richman and Gail Wood Charlotte Timberlake Battle Victoria and Mark Castor Robert and Jeanne Chamberlin David L. Roach Barbara T. and Edward S. Beason Christine A. Cato Kathryn and Reece Chambers Tommy T. Roach Frederick O. Behrends Center for Creative Balance Colony Woods Garden Club Nancy Howes Robinson Christine and Gerald Bell Center Studio Architecture, PLLC Ralph Costa Sallie S. Robinson Larry and Sheila Benninger John and Mary Chandler Linda and Lawrence Curcio Barbara N. Rodriguez Donna A. Bergholz Katharine M. Chapman Van W. Daniel Joseph and Barbara Rodriguez Stephen and Shulamit Bernard Jeffrey S. Chase Linda C. Davis Frances P. Rollins Robert and Christine Berndt Nancy and Neal Cheek Rob Davis Gloria and James Rolls John and Virginia Bethea Tom and Nancy Chewning Lisa Day William and Maryann Roper Rachel and Alec Bethune Laura Chomiuk Martha J. Diefendorf Coleman and Carol Ross Thad and Pat Beyle Lynch and Melanie Fort Christian John and Priscilla Dodge Betsy B. Rudolph Frederick Bisbee Brenda and Ross Clark Peter and Susan Dorsey Michael K. Salemi Josephine Bisbee and Margaret and Tony Clark Tom and Barbara Driscoll Erica J. Sanchez Martin Schweitzer Patricia E. Clark and John Bryson Susan T. Ennett Rene J. Sanchez Donald A. Black Louise M. Clifford J. K. Fawcett James R. Schreiber Stanley and Roberta Black Kathryn M. Cloughly Jean S. and James Coker Fort Robert and Alethea Segal Susan Blackford Charles and Diana Coble John R. Fowle Stephen Shafroth Bland Landscaping Company, Inc. Patrick Coin Frank Harmon Architect Charles and Linda Smith Patricia Blanton and Jill Coleman James and Dianne Frazier David and Judy H. Smith Robert McConnaughey Amelia and Michael Collins Patricia Friedman and Blair Levin Nancy S. Spencer M. R. Blum Sharon S. Coop Susan and Stephen Frye Alan and Maxine Stern Jack and Jennifer Boger Linda Y. Cooper

16 Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 Brian Copenhaver Leonard and Ann Gettes Mary and William Joyner Barbara McLean Alexander and Marie Coucoulas Donna and Gary Gilleskie Susan Joyner and Brian Peters John A. McLendon Phyllis S. Cowell Peter and Tona Gilmer Margaret and Kuno Juergenson William and Anne McLendon Hugh and Regina Craft Geoffrey E. Gledhill William and Mary Kaiser Robert and Daphne McLeod Quinn W. Craughwell Danny and Sally Glover Virginia and Kenneth Karb Dave and Elizabeth Meador Cyndy Cromwell Jean Goeppinger David and Susan Keesee Melissa Meager Jonathon and Rachel Cummings Thomas Golding Elizabeth and Daniel Kelliher Mellow Marsh Farm, Inc. Rufus M. Dalton Alex and Ann Gordon Ann Kendall Metalcraft Fabricating Company, Inc. Lane and Cheryl Davis Roger and Nancy Gorham Diane Kent Estelle Metzger Patricia L. Davis Yolande and Robert Gottfried Charles Kidder Claire and John Miller R. P. Stephen Davis Sr. Chris and Brooks Graebner Jeanette C. Kimmel Richard Miller Thomas F. Davis Jr. Russell and Mary Graves Phebe and Paul Kirkman Thomas M. Miller Linda J. Dawson Thomas W. Graves Christopher and Cheryl Klein Tonya and Michael Miller John and Shelley Day George-Ann Greth Ronald C. Knight Donald and Jane Misch Sharon L. Day Janine and Frank Griffin Linda Koffenberger Will Mitchell Donna Deal Helle K. Griffiss Bradley E Kosiba Karen Mohlke Patsy and Eric Decker John M. Griffiss Lucile M. Kossodo Gus and Joan Montana Andrew S. Deemer Edward E. Gross Timothy A. Kuhn Don and Barbara Moore Amy Denham and Jonathan Simmons Henry and Naoko Grossberg Lady Slipper Garden Club Ken Moore and Kathy Buck Robert and Janet Des Jardins Perry Haaland and Pam Timmons Diana and Robert Lafferty William C. Moore Barbara and Douglass Dewey Daniel Hadley Linda Lafferty Susan M. and George F. Moose Amy Diamond John and Joann Haggerty G. L. and Lynn Lail Kathryn and Rua Mordecai Virginia and Ray Dickie Dorothy A. Hammett Lake Forest Garden Club of Chapel Hill Sherry Morgan Andrew W. Dobelstein Sara K. Hamrick Lake Trace Garden Club Kent and Miriam Mullikin Paul Donis Jan Hansen Ellen Lambeth Sally M. Murray Kathleen Donohue Nancy Hardin Joan Langenderfer Annie Nashold Jack and Nickie Donovan Merel H. Harmel Christina L. Larson Linda and Paul Naylor Mary A. Dorton Elizabeth and Albert Harris Joel I. Laskey Anne W. Nielsen Gregory and Lisa Doyle Karen Harrison Jeanette C. Lea MaryAnn and Edwin Nirdlinger Helen Drivas G. J. Harry Philip and Nancy Leinbach Jesse and Mary Ann Noland Jackson E. Dube Donna S. Hart James H. Lesher Gail W. Norwood Jim and Peggy Ann Duke Tom and Sarah Harville Francis Lethem Anthony and Wendy Oakes Noel and Shelby Dunivant Sarah and Paul Haskell Bill and Jean Leuchtenburg James and Melinda Ogburn Jane C. Dunlap Lark Hayes Christine M. Levesque Julia and Brian O’Grady Beverly and Samuel Dyer Carol J. Hazard and Winston Liao Elizabeth L. Ley Elise Olsen Tom Earnhardt and Dana Jennings Kindra M. Heilpern Page and Allan Life Thomas D. O’Neal Jo Anne and H.S. Earp Sally A. Heiney and Kirk Ross Jim and Christy Lilley Sherri R. Ontjes Bob Eaves and Beverly Eaves Perdue Robert Hellwig Robert and Margaret Liloia Michael and Angela O’Rand Chris and Pam Edwards Aron T. Helser Paul and Caroline Lindsay David A. Otto Susannah and C.H. Efird Matthew P. Herman John and Kathy Lindsey Michael and Julie Papay Joseph G. Eisen Susan Hester and Howard M. DuBose Elsa C. Liner Lynette and John Parker Wendy Elliott Virginia E. Hester Dell H. Little Linda Passman Kate and Peter Enchelmayer Ford G. Hibbits Mary Lou and Bert Liverance Bill and Rosemary Pate Allison L. Essen Richard L. Hibbits Ken and Cathy Lohmann Bettina Patterson Susan and Allan Eure Shayna A. Hill Anne Loustau Josephine W. Patton Vann and Laura Evans Loren Hintz and Margaret Vimmerstedt Eleanor and David Lowry Brian and Heather Payne Sarah and Richard Evans Anna Ho Andrew and Jess L’Roe David and Cary R. Paynter John and Linda Falconer Larry Hodges James E. Luebchow Sam and Linda Pearsall Shauna and Thomas Farmer Merle S. Hofmann Fred and Lynne Mabry Lee and Barbara Pedersen J. D. Fassett Harriet T. Holderness Alan MacIntyre Stanley and Carolyn Peele Jim and Mary Fickle Jane D. Hollingsworth Lynn and Melanie MacIntyre John W. Pelosi Martin and Karin Fitzpatrick Edward S. Holmes Ann H. Mack Ann M. Penrose Mary F. Flanagan Jeffrey and Lisa Holmsen Robert Mackintosh Karen Perizzolo Lawrence M. Fleishman Max and Haru Hommersand Leigh W. MacQueen Margaret and Kenneth Perkins John and Pam Floyd Hope Horton Gus and Geary Mandrapilias Rebecca L. Perritt Jerry and Linda Folda Sylvia and Paul Hubbard Lisa Marcusson Merrill Petrow Nina and Milton Forsyth Mary Elizabeth S. Huey Stephen W. Marshall John and Judith Philpot Gene G. Foster Eugene and Joyce Huguelet Barclay and Nancy Martin , Inc. James and Amelia Fountain MaryJane F. Hunt Diane S. Martin Ed and Nancy Pleasants Virginia and Tom Foxx Hunt Electric Supply Company Mary M. Martorella Daniel and Irmgard Plyler Bree Franklin Tom Hunter and Carolyn Felton William and Laura Mason Edward and Robeson Plyler Kim and Stephen Fraser Joan C. Huntley Ann G. Matrone David and Louise Poer Diane Frazier David and Sarah Huppert Joel D. Mattox Louise and Harold Pollard Frank and Virginia French Kani Hurow Kathy Mauney Janice D. Pope and Janet Clark Patricia A. French Shepard and Margretta Hurwitz Brian Mawby Frances and Stephen Porter Floyd A. Fried Lynn and Carolyn Ikenberry Catherine J. Maxwell and Ben Fewel Dakota Powell and Matthew Knight Ernestine Friedl Irregardless Cafe Celeste Mayer Jeff and Cheryl Prather Sharon Funderburk Bethy and Robert Jackle Andrew T. Maynard Ted and Margaret Pratt Garden Club Council of Orange County Marion E. Jackson and Jeffrey S. Clark Marcia and Michael Mayo John Presley and Charles Childs Garden Club Council of Ann L. Jamerson Brenda McAdams Motsinger Jane B. Preyer Winston-Salem & Forsyth County Betty B. Jean Karen and Robert McCall Forrest and Stewart Priddy Joanne K. Gardner Marti and David Jenkins Julie E. McCashin Elizabeth Pullman Julie and Pete Gaskell Alan Johnson and Laurie Mettam Carol Ann McCormick and Mark Peifer David and Clare Pulman Shirley and Ladnor Geissinger Benton Johnson R. F. and Mary McCoy Philip and Natalie Purcell Patricia G. Gensel Susan C. Johnson Eugenie and Matthew McDonald Anne Pusey Martha L. Gentry Thomas H. Jones Geraldine A. McDowell Milo Pyne and Alexa McKerrow Kip and Susan Gerard Nell Joslin Margaret and Ross McKinney Raleigh Garden Club

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 17 Thomas L. Ramsey Fred and Amanda Stipe Tribute Gifts received in the Lynn Koss Knauff Ramsey Land Surveying Josephine W. Stipe period from August 28, 2015 to Susan K. Kreiner Michael Ray Olympia Stone and Sims Preston March 22, 2016. Harriet and D.G. Martin Peter W. Redfield Sue S. Stoudemire Stephen and Frances Porter Sylvia N. Redwine Jay Strader IN HONOR OF Donna Ann and Robert Reece Louise C. Strauss Alice and John May Rachel Rempel Robert and Sabrina Sulgrove Maura E. Baldiga Kathryn E. Bell, for Battle Park Endowment Christie and James Rice Bruce Sullenger Alexandra Kowalski, for Friends of UNC Nell Hatley Morton Thomas and Diana Ricketts Banks and Louise Wooten Talley Herbarium Jim and Libba Wells Lucian V. Rinando Elizabeth L. Tate Edgar and Deborah Roach Priscilla P. Taylor Mary Bates Edward Murray IV Todd and Charlotte Battle Robbins Dwight and Judith Tedford Hannah E. Gavin, for Coker Arboretum Allison Essen, for Living Plant Fund Endowment Jack and Constance Robinson Joseph and Claudia Templeton My Cat Angel Hendrik J. Rodenburg The Country Vintner Chelsea Block and Paul Nguyen Susan Shevach Sally Rohrdanz The Fresh Market Martha Johnson, for Forest Theatre Fund Margaret A. Rook Christy E. Thomas North Carolina Botanical Garden Jessica Bodford Kirk M. Ross Hugh A. Tilson Tour Guides Hannah E. Gavin, for Coker Arboretum Benjamin Rotenburg Mary B. Todd Grant and Leslie Parkins Endowment William and Elizabeth Rouse Silvia Tomaskova Grant Parkins Robert and Louise Row Charlie and Jessica Tomberlin Cathy Bollinger Nell and C.L. Morton Barbara Rowland Town & Country Garden Club - Durham Jerree Scheitlin Joseph H. Roycroft Ginger R. Travis Elliot Oliver Phillips Cathy Bollinger and Tom Scheitlin Abbie J. Royster Miriam and Norman Tripp Cheryl M. Eagle, for Horticultural Therapy David and Susan Bollinger, for Carolyn Royster Anna and Craig Troutman Program Horticultural Therapy Program J. Preston Ruddell and George A. Truskey Frances Wallace Rankin Janet Spaulding-Ruddell Camilla Tulloch and Don Liner Amanda Briggs Nina Wallace Bruce and Cynthia Runberg John M. Turner Michael and Maria Topal, for Carolina Katharine L. Reid Eleanor S. Rutledge Caroline and George Unick Campus Community Garden Carolyn B. Goldfinch Wendy E. Sarratt Antonia M. Valakas Eunice M. Brock Evelyn R. Savitzky Laura C. Van Sant Naomi Slifkin and Glenn Withrow, for Tom and Margaret Scott James H. Scatliff Diane B. Vannais Battle Park Endowment Abby Royster Nidia T. Scharlock Grant and Vivian Varner Robin M. Schectman Paul M. Vernon Andrew Bryan Blaine and Susan Short Lars G. Schoultz Paul Voss Michael and Wendy Maxwell Anne Loustau George and Zsuzsi Schroeder Hendrik J. Vreman W. Woodrow Burns Jr. Ginny Smith Iris E. Schwintzer Anne R. Wade Lucinda Holderness Virginia Smith Ellison Cynthia K. Scott Lisa K. Wagner Robin G. Scott James and Paula Wald Wayne E. Cash Barbara L. Stiles and Richard and Emily Scoville Charles A. Waldren Linda G. Cash Bernice S. Wade Ross and Karen Scroggs Susan Burress Wall Cristin Colford Roy and Faye Martin Alan D. Seiferheld Susan E. Wallace Cam and Carol Enarson, for Carolina Anne R. Wade, for Battle Park Endowment Marion and Christopher Sekerak Anna E. Waller Campus Community Garden Nancy Thomas James Senter Katherine M. Walters Gretchen Cozart Cam and Carol Enarson, for Carolina Robert E. Seymour Cynthia Walukewicz Campus Community Garden Robert L. Shaw Mac and Carol Wansley Sallie and Thomas Cozart James M. Sheehan Steven A. Warner Mike Dunn Sally Couch Vilas Neal Shepherd Rebecca D. Warren John Gerwin and Kathy Lagana, for Larry Fleishman, for NCBG Director’s Fund Ann Sherman Alfred and Elizabeth J. Waters Horticulture Therapy Program Jason and Tracy Walser Rusty and Janet Sherrill Celeste and John Watts Tom Earnhardt Dwight and Deborah Messinger Susan Shevach Alan S. Weakley Anson and Debra Ives Headley Shouse Jean Weakley Roy Williams Jade Shutes Paulette Webb Muriel Y. Easterling R. Michael Childs Caroline G. Sikorsky Adam and Lysandra Gibbs Weber Charlotte Jones-Roe and Chuck Roe, John and Ashley Wilson John and Kim Simmons Lydia N. Wegman for NCBG Director’s Fund Daniel E. James Susan and Steven Skolsky Judith and Warren Wegner Paul and Barbara Nettesheim Eleanor Lamb Nonna Skumanich JoAnn Weissman-Fried Nancy L. Easterling Marion and Harry Sledge Elizabeth and James Wells Susan Slatkoff and Ronald Strauss Adaline C. Smith and Gene Liau Sarah M. Welna IN MEMORY OF Lee Smith and Hal Crowther Nancy and Monty White Ken and Laura Frazier Peter B. Smith Diane E. Wickland Steven and Susan Skolsky, for Battle Park Charlotte Anne Ruffead Abbate Holmes B. Smoot Sara and G. J. Wilds Endowment Angelo Abbate Marianne and Robert Smythe Haven and Minna Wiley Michael and Mary Gavin Ross Andrews Margaret and John Sockwell Susan J. Williams Hannah E. Gavin, for Horticultural Therapy Wendy E. Sarratt, for Mason Farm Nancy and S.C. Sommer Thomas C. Wills Program Endowment Nancy and Jerry Sparrow Janet H. Wilson Timothy Spira Kevin Wilson Sally Heiney, Chris Liloia, Ray E. Ashton, Jr. Jim and Linda Srebro Noah and Susan Wilson Matt Gocke and Mixon Elizabeth Lord Mary P. Stephenson Wine Without Borders Ginger Travis, for Horticulture Fund Catherine Ayscue Daniel B. Stern and Rosemary M. Byrnes John B. Winfield Dale Herman William Watts and Carol Basnight, for Jean C. Stewart Joyce and Steven Winterbottom Margaretha Herman Coker Arboretum Endowment Sandy and Tin-Lup Wong Josef and Vanessa Woodman Mary Cook Howes Mr. and Mrs. Kemp D. Battle Alexander and Drena Worth Ken Moore and Kathy Buck Henry Grossberg Leave A Robert E. Wray Nancy H. Robinson Thomas Braswell Battle John and Joan Wrede Legacy Charlotte Jones-Roe Todd and Charlotte Robbins Walter and Wendy Wright Andrew and Jess L’Roe C. Ritchie Bell If you would like to speak with Anna A. Wu Fred W. Kiger Laurence J. Dorr someone about making a special Marion Youngblood Myra and Charles Cain Billy Kirkland gift to the Garden, call Charlotte Alice Zawadzki Harriet and D.G. Martin David and Elizabeth Wells, for UNC Jones-Roe at 919-962-9458 or We appreciate all memberships and Herbarium Endowment UNC’s gift planning experts at Fred and Mary Kiger additional gifts to the Garden! Fred W. Kiger, for Battle Park Endowment 800-994-8803. The Conservation Gardener SPRING/Summer 2016 Dan Bishop Mitchell Dale Hardison Priscilla Otto Martha and William Lamb Dianne and Andrew Nicholas, for David A. Otto Horticulture Therapy Program Barbara and William Bloom Kai Mei Parks Paolo and Deborah Fulghieri Albert D. Hawkins Phillip W. Liles Jennifer and Thomas Slusser Melinda Kellner Brock David Passman Mark Your Calendar Eunice M. Brock, for Melinda Andrew C. Henley Linda Passman Kellner Brock Terrace Maeda J. Galinsky John Perdue Thomas and Sandra Henley Sandy Burnett Patrice and Matthew McDermott Katie Smillie April 28 Jamie Burnett and Harvey Himberg Larry and Sandy Martin Nancy Margaret Pruden Step into Spring Prelude Party Mary Jane Mayhew Burns Connie McAdams Edward and Yvonne Funk W. Woodrow Burns, Jr. and for the Chapel Hill Garden Tour Day H. McLaughlin Albert and Laurie Radford Catharine Gilliam Burns, for NCBG Barbara Nettles-Carlson and David and Jean Radford Director’s Fund Curtis McLaughlin Seth Robert Reice April 30 & May 1 Gordon Butler Robert Phillips and Sheila R. Evans Chapel Hill Garden Tour Carolyn J. Tyson, for Botanical Anne B. Winfield Garden Conservation Fund David and Marsha Warren Bill Rhymes Jim and Mary Jo Fickle Cordelia Penn Cannon Lois T. Herring May 15 Cordelia and W. Chandler Robert N. Herring Freida Stiles Richardson Coker Arboretum and Battle Park Thompson Michael Hooker Lynn Richardson, for Mason Farm Endowment fundraiser at The Dead Mule Glenna Marie Lake Chapin Carmen Hooker Odom Donna Chapin Bergholz, for Mason Frederick Johnston Houk, Jr. Charles Rohloff Farm Endowment Virginia S. Houk, for Fred and Beverly and Samuel Dyer, for May 21 Mason Farm Endowment Bill “Big”Conway Virginia Houk Sustainability Native Plant Sale & Festival Lucinda Holderness Internship Tyrrell C. Sharp Thomas A. Sharp B. J. Cooper Jonathan Howes September 17 Jay and Denise Morton Marian and Bill Broome Clarice Shininger Sculpture in the Garden James and Roberta Copeland Lisa A. Herman Hazel Fischer Craige Shelton and Jo Anne Earp Preview Event Viney and Poonam Aneja Maeda J. Galinsky Anne McBride Smith William Bystrynski and Kitty Harrison Timothy and Mary Smith, for Coker Celia Marie Hartnett Lucinda Holderness Arboretum Endowment September 23 & 24 Lorna Grenadier Ken Moore and Kathy Buck J. Mitchell Sorrow Fall Plant Sale Jeffrey and Alexandra Jones Katherine and Tobin Savage, for Alice and Dewey Dorsett Thomas S. Kenan Battle Park Endowment Moyra and Brian Kileff Barbara Schutz Nancy “Teeny” Stronach October 15 Christopher and Jennifer Olson Mary Davis and Thomas Betts Family Fun Festival Claudia C. Prose Tom Jones Wortley and Vance Forbes Wyndham G. Robertson Kirby Spicer Josephine and Frank Harrison Reid and Laura Russell William Joslin Robert and Alison Heath October 22 Jean C. Stewart, Nell Joslin Louise Clark Strauss for Battle Park Fund 50th Anniversary Gala Norman Kane Jim Todd Triangle Securities, LLC Tamsie and Staples Hughes Mary B. Todd Nancy L. Vernon November 6 Linda Winski Rebecca “Becky” Norman Leager Byron & Kate Taylor Mary Joslin Hal S. Porter Jenny Elder Fitch Lecture Doreen Daniels Nell Joslin Victoria L. Bautch, for NCBG Page Vernon featuring Thomas Rainer, RLA Edward R. Leager, for Mason Farm Director’s Fund Jim Vernon, for Endowment Children’s Wonder Garden Jean Dreesen November 18 Pam Ledford Friends of Elizabeth Jane Carter Walker Donna S. Reilly Botanical Garden Foundation Dreesen Deborah Jordan Sam McGee Membership Meeting Janice Jurczak Evans Finley T. White Sandy and Reaves Thompson Kurt M. Evans, for Coker Arboretum Gilbert and Judy White Endowment Scott “Scotty” McLean Jr. David Whittington December 11 Mary Clara Capel Rebecca Frazier Kathryn and Peter Enchelmayer, for Botanical Garden Foundation Eleanor and Jim Ferguson, for Battle Dianne and James Frazier, for Battle Park Endowment Park Endowment Holiday Party Educational Outreach James and Nancy Jennings, for Edward and Yvonne Funk Battle Park Endowment John Robert Fickle Katherine B. Nolan, for Battle Park For more information: Robert L. Campbell Endowment Nancy Gray Winslow Nina Gray Wallace ncbg.unc.edu/2016-events Alvera H. Frauenheim David Robert, for Battle Park Betty P. Hafton Endowment Debra Yancey Nancy P. Unger Mike the Dog Braxton and Barbara Foushee, for Stella E. Waugh Living Plant Fund Robert K. Gardner Dough Hastings and Vann and Laura Evans Carol Lasher Miller Virginia Joslin-Hastings Amy Gitelman Cyrus L. Miller Orange Water & Sewer Authority Clay Miller, for Living Plant Fund Honré F. Gitelman Alice Zawadzki Hillel J. Gitelman Grover E. Murray Charlotte Jones-Roe and Chuck Roe Natalie L. Schwartz, for Sally M. Murray, for Carolina Margaret S. Perkins Campus Community Garden Horticulture Fund John Wallace Zimmerman Graham D. Green Arline Olsen Lillian Israel Zimmerman Carol Bossen, for Horticulture Fund Elise Olsen, for the NCBG Director’s Gordon Israel Fund

NORTH CAROLINA BOTANICAL GARDEN 19 North Carolina Botanical Garden The University of North Carolina Campus Box 3375 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3375 Phone: 919-962-0522 ncbg.unc.edu · [email protected] ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

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