Use Report for 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran (HHCB) (CAS RN 1222-05-5)

January 2020

Contains no TSCA CBI

Economic and Policy Analysis Branch Chemistry, Economics & Sustainable Strategies Division Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue Washington, DC 20460 Acknowledgment and Disclaimer

EPA acknowledges the analytical and draft preparation support of Abt Associates Inc. of Cambridge, Massachusetts, provided under Contract No. EP-W-16-009 in the preparation of this report.

This document provides publicly available information as of the date of this document on the manufacturing (including importing), processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of HHCB and is used to inform decisions regarding conditions of use. The document does not reflect information received directly from other sources such as manufacturers, processors, etc., which has further informed the conditions of use in the draft Scope Document. As such, the uses described in this document may differ from the conditions of use in the draft Scope Document.

HHCB Use Report

Table of Contents

Introduction ...... 1-1

Uses and Production Volume ...... 2-1 Domestic Manufacture and Import (CDR) ...... 2-1 Chemical Data Reporting ...... 2-1

National Production Volume Trends ...... 2-2

Manufacturers and Importers (CDR and Datamyne) ...... 2-3

Toxic Release Inventory Information (TRI) ...... 2-5 Uses Information ...... 2-5 Summary of Use Information ...... 2-5

Tier 1 Uses ...... 2-7

Products Containing HHCB ...... 2-18

Waste, Disposal, and Recycling ...... 3-1 National Emissions Inventory Data (NEI) ...... 3-1 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Data (RCRA) ...... 3-1

References ...... 4-1

HHCB Use Report Contents ▌pg. i

Introduction

In December 2019, EPA published a list of 20 chemical substances that have been designated high priority substances for risk evaluations (84 FR 71924), as required by TSCA § 6(b)(2)(B). 1,3,4,6,7,8- Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran (CAS RN 1222-05-5), also known as HHCB or Galaxolide, was one of these chemicals. In performing risk evaluations for existing chemicals, EPA is directed to “determine whether a chemical substance presents an unreasonable risk of injury to health or the environment, without consideration of costs or other non-risk factors, including an unreasonable risk to a potentially exposed or susceptible subpopulation identified as relevant to the risk evaluation by the Administrator under the conditions of use.” Condition of use is legally defined under TSCA § 3(4) as “the circumstances, as determined by the Administrator, under which a chemical substance is intended, known, or reasonably foreseen to be manufactured, processed, distributed in commerce, used, or disposed of”. This document provides publicly available information as of the date of this document on the manufacturing (including importing), processing, distribution in commerce, use, and disposal of HHCB and is used to inform decisions regarding conditions of use. The document does not reflect information received directly from other sources such as manufacturers, processors, etc., which has further informed the conditions of use in the draft Scope Document. As such, the uses described in this document may differ from the conditions of use in the draft Scope Document.

EPA consulted a variety of sources to identify uses of HHCB. This included EPA’s review of published literature and online databases including the most recent data available from EPA’s Chemical Data Reporting program (CDR) and Safety Data Sheets (SDSs). EPA also conducted online research by reviewing company websites of potential manufacturers, importers, distributors, retailers, or other users of HHCB and queried government and commercial trade databases. Sources included information reported to EPA (including National Emissions Inventory and the Toxics Release Inventory when appropriate), literature searches, proprietary reports, trade publications, and reports developed for prior EPA and international sources. To identify formulated products containing HHCB, EPA searched for (material) safety data sheets (M)SDS using internet searches, EPA Chemical and Product Categories (CPCat) data, the National Institute for Health's (NIH) Household Product Database, and other resources in which (M)SDS could be found. Each (M)SDS was then cross-checked with company websites to make sure that each product (M)SDS was current. EPA also makes use of communications with companies, industry groups, environmental organizations, and public comments to supplement the information when possible.

HHCB, is an organic heterotricyclic compound used primarily as a fragrance and masking agent (EPA 2017a). First synthesized at International Flavors and Fragrances in 1965, HHCB is a polycyclic aromatic musk primarily used as a synthetic musk for a list of cosmetics and household products that includes fragrances, soaps, detergents, household cleaners, and air fresheners. Utilization by domestic markets of HHCB has stayed at a relatively constant level since 1990, where in general, production volume has ranged between 1 million and 10 million pounds per annum.

The following table includes basic information about HHCB.

HHCB Use Report Introduction ▌pg. 1-1

Table 1-1: Chemical Name, Synonyms, and CASRN for HHCB. Chemical Name 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran CASRN 1222-05-5 4,6,6,7,8,8-Hexamethyl-1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene; Cyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran, 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-; Hexahydrohexamethyl cyclopentabenzopyran; 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- Synonyms hexamethyl-cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran; indeno[5,6-c]pyran, 1,3,4,6,7,8- hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-; Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta- gamma-2-benzopyran; 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno(5,6- c)pyran; Hexamethylindanopyran Trade Name(s) Galoxolide; Galaxolide; Abbalide; Pearlide Astrolide; Cyclopenta; Musk G Source(s): Kim et al. (2016); Synapse Information Resources 2009

HHCB Use Report Introduction ▌pg. 1-2

Uses and Production Volume

Domestic Manufacture and Import (CDR) Domestic manufacture and import data used in this report are primarily sourced from EPA’s Chemical Data Reporting (CDR). Note that Appendix A presents a list of the sources searched and used.

Chemical Data Reporting The CDR rule under TSCA requires manufacturers (including importers) to provide information to EPA every four years on the chemicals they manufacture or import into the United States. Table 2-1 presents the various conditions under which a facility subject to TSCA must report to CDR. For chemicals such as HHCB which are not subject to specific TSCA actions, a manufacturer is required to report any volume above 25,000 pounds, while small manufacturers are only required to report any volume above 100,000 pounds. Data collected for each chemical include the company name, volume of each chemical manufactured/imported, the number of workers at each site, and information on whether the chemical is used in the industrial, commercial, and/or consumer sector. Exemptions apply to small manufacturers. The definition of a small manufacturer varies depending on the sector in which it operates, but generally, CDR requires manufacturers (including importers) to report information on the chemicals they produce domestically or import into the U.S. generally above 25,000 lbs. per site per year.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-1

Table 2-1: Conditions under Which a Company Must Report to CDR (shaded area applies to HHCB)1 Obligation to Report to CDR Information When Subject to TSCA Action as Indicated in Left column Not eligible Subject to Subject to for certain Not eligible TSCA Action 25,000 lb. 2,500 lb. full or partial for small reporting reporting exemptions manufacturer threshold threshold from exemption reporting Not subject to TSCA action  TSCA section 4 rules (proposed or    promulgated) Enforceable Consent Agreements   (ECAs) TSCA section 5(a)(2) SNURs   (proposed or promulgated) TSCA section 5(b)(4) rules    (proposed or promulgated) TSCA section 5(e) orders    TSCA section 5(f) orders   TSCA section 5    civil actions TSCA section 6 rules (proposed or    promulgated) TSCA section 7 civil actions    1 Over time, the requirements for reporting frequency, production volume thresholds, and chemicals under the Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) rule have changed. CDR was formerly known as the Inventory Update Rule (IUR). The first IUR collection occurred in 1986 and continued every four years through 2006. As part of two rulemakings in 2003 and 2005, EPA made a variety of changes to the IUR, including to change the reporting frequency to every five years to address burden associated with new reporting requirements. Additional changes to reporting requirements were made in 2011, including to suspend and replace the 2011 submission period with a 2012 submission period, return to reporting every four years, and require the reporting of all years beginning with 2011 production volumes. The reporting of production volumes for all years was added because of the mounting evidence that many chemical substances, even larger production volume chemical substances, often experience wide fluctuations in production volume from year to year. In addition, also as part of the 2011 IUR Modifications final rule (76 FR 50816, Aug 16, 2011), EPA changed the name of the regulation from IUR to CDR to better reflect the distinction between this data collection (which includes exposure-related data) and the TSCA Inventory itself (which only involves chemical identification information).

National Production Volume Trends Table 2-2 presents the historic production volume of HHCB from the CDR (previously known as the Inventory Update Rule, or IUR) from 1986 to 2015. In the 1986 reporting year, aggregate production volume for HHCB was between 500 thousand lbs. and 1 million lbs., and in 2006 was less than 1 million lbs. of HHCB. From the 1990 to 2002 and 2012 to 2015 reporting years, aggregate production volume for HHCB was 1 million lbs. to 10 million lbs. The exact amount is available for one year, 2011, in which 3,126,728 lbs. of HHCB was produced or imported.

According to CDR data, the production volume has remained steadily in the 1M lbs. to 10M lbs. range since the 1990s. This implies that there have not likely been significant changes in the use of HHCB over this time period and suggests that, all else equal, HHCB use in aggregate will neither increase nor decrease in the immediate future. However, one processor of HHCB, SC Johnson Inc., announced in a 2018 press release that it would phase-out the use of HHCB in fragrances for 50% of

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-2

its products over the next 3 years, presumably for 2021 (Chemicalwatch.com 2018). Though there are no other publicized phase-outs that EPA is aware of, this indicates the possibility that HHCB use may be trending downward.

Table 2-2: 1986-2015 National Production Volume Data for HHCB (Non-Confidential Production Volume in Pounds) 1986 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 >500K - >1M - >1M - >1M - >1M - 1 to 1M – 1M – 1M – 1M – 3,126,728 1M 10M 10M 10M 10M <1M 10M 10M 10M 10M Source(s): EPA (2018a; 2017b; 2006; 2002) Note(s): K = Thousand; M = Million; NDR = No data reported

A 2004 Report by the OSPAR Commission contains some data on the use of fragrance oils across product categories (OSPAR Commission 2004). This data is displayed in Table 2-3.

Table 2-3: HHCB Use per Product Category Fragrance Use per Product Category Product Category Fine Fragrances 5% Personal Care 13% Hair Care 10% Industrial and Household Cleaners 8% Bath and Shower 10% Soaps 9% Fabric Softeners 14% Detergents 25% Other 6% Total: 100%

Manufacturers and Importers (CDR and Datamyne) According to the 2016 Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) database, nine companies reported manufacturing or import of HHCB, three of which are not disclosed. Four of the nine companies reported importing HHCB, none reported manufacturing HHCB, and five did not disclose whether they imported or manufactured HHCB. Table 2-4 presents the company information and manufacture and import information where available. Individual production volumes were withheld, but may be available in later releases of the 2016 CDR.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-3

Table 2-4: 2016 CDR U.S. Manufacturers and Importers of HHCB Past U.S. Manufactured Imported Production Site Manufacture Parent Site Volume (lbs. Volume Volume Address or Import Company /yr.) (lbs. /yr.) (2014) (lbs. /yr.) 14825 Northwest AlEn USA ALEN USA CBI Withheld Withheld Withheld Fwy, Houston, TX 77040 700 Blair Berje Inc Berje Inc Road, Carteret, Import Withheld Withheld Withheld NJ 07008 International Givaudan Trade Center, CBI Fragrances CBI Withheld Withheld Withheld Mount Olive, Corporation NJ 07828-1384 CBI CBI CBI CBI Withheld Withheld Withheld 170-180 Industrial CBI Symrise Inc Parkway, Import Withheld Withheld Withheld Branchburg, NJ 08876-3452 250 Plainsboro Firmenich Firmenich Rd, Plainsboro, CBI Withheld Withheld Withheld Inc. Inc NJ 08543 International International 600 Highway Flavors & Flavors & #36, Hazlet, Import Withheld Withheld Withheld Fragrances Fragrances NJ 07730-1797 Inc Inc John D 25 Executive Walsh Co John D Walsh Pkwy, Inc @ Import Withheld Withheld Withheld Co Inc Ringwood, NJ Ringwood 07456 Ind Pk SC Johnson 8311 16th St, SC Johnson & Son Inc Sturtevant, WI CBI Withheld Withheld Withheld & Son Inc Waxdale 53177 Facility Source(s): EPA (2017b)

Another potential source is the Datamyne database. Datamyne collects import data on shipments into the United States and provides information on each shipment. Datamyne is a commercial searchable trade database that covers the import and export data and global commerce of more than 50 countries across 5 continents (approximately 76% of the world’s import trade by value) and includes the cross- border commerce of the United States with over 230 trading partners.

Datamyne did not collect import data related to HHCB.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-4

Toxic Release Inventory Information (TRI) TRI is used by EPA to learn about toxic chemical releases above certain reporting thresholds (generally 10,000 pounds), and pollution prevention activities from industrial and federal facilities. Annual reporting is required by facilities that are in specific industry sectors, employ 10 or more full- time equivalent employees, and manufacture, process, or otherwise use a TRI-listed chemical in quantities above a threshold level in a given year (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2018e).The approximately 600 chemicals listed by the TRI program cause cancer or other chronic human health effects, significant adverse acute human health effects, or significant adverse environmental effects. The TRI chemical list does not include all toxic chemicals used in the United States.

HHCB is not reported under TRI.

Uses Information This section presents information on the uses of HHCB in the market. Section 2.3.1 summarizes the uses of HHCB while Section 2.3.2 presents more details in a table.

Summary of Use Information This subsection summarizes the uses of HHCB. See Table 2-5 in Section 2.3.2 and Table B-1 in Appendix B: for a more comprehensive review of HHCB uses. See Appendix A for a description of sources used in this report in addition to CDR.

2.3.1 (A) Cleaning Products HHCB is used as an odor agent in a variety of cleaning products, including cleaning and furniture care products as well as laundry and dishwashing products.

Generally, expected users include both consumers and commercial establishments. However, in some cases cleaning products containing HHCB may be used in industrial settings. For example, one product identified, Triton Non-Acid Washroom Cleaner from Amano Pioneer Eclipse Corporation, is intended for industrial or commercial use according to its SDS (Pioneer Eclipse Corp. 2016).

CDR indicates that HHCB is incorporated as an odor agent into formulations, mixtures, or reactions products in soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing. CDR also reports the use of HHCB in laundry and dishwashing products specifically.

The list of likely ongoing uses of HHCB in cleaning products includes, specifically, bathroom cleaners, including mold and mildew cleaners; carpet deodorizers; floor cleaners; glass cleaners; hard- surface cleaners; professional detergents and maintenance products; and laundry detergent.

At detailed in Table 2-5 and Table B-1, use information comes from primary sources such as CDR and product SDS’s found to contain HHCB, as well as secondary sources such as the Chemical and Product Categories Database (CPCat), the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), Consumer Product Information Database (CPID), and DeLima Associates.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-5

Many of the cleaning products found to contain HHCB in the researching of this report are manufactured by SC Johnson, who announced in 2018 that over the next 3 years they intended to phase out HHCB from half of their products (Chemicalwatch.com 2018).

HHCB comprises a small to medium part of the cleaning products that contain it. According to 2016 CDR, the use of HHCB in consumer and commercial cleaning, furnishing care, laundry, and dishwashing products falls between <1% and 30% concentration of HHCB by weight (EPA 2017b).

2.3.1 (B) Fresheners, Scented, and Deodorizing Uses HHCB is also used as an odor agent in fresheners, scented, and deodorizing uses. EPA has found a number of products available for these uses that contain HHCB. HHCB has been found in aroma fragrances intended for commercial and consumer use, as well as in industrial fragrance mixtures. Notably, HHCB comprises a larger percent of the industrial fragrance mixtures (often more than 50% concentration).

CDR reports HHCB in air care products and aroma products. In addition, there are available products confirming the use of HHCB in air fresheners, including aerosols and solid-room air fresheners; aroma chemicals; scented candles; carpet and room deodorizers; and pet odor spray.

2.3.1 (C) Manufacturing, Processing, and Industrial Uses HHCB is primarily used as an odor agent in manufacturing, processing, and industrial settings. 2016 CDR confirms that HHCB was imported into the United States. However, due to CBI claims, it does not indicate whether HHCB was manufactured domestically or not (EPA 2017b).

HHCB has been processed at industrial sites for chemical product and preparation manufacturing; fragrance mixtures; plastic and resin manufacturing; and soap, cleaning compound, and toilet preparation manufacturing where it functions as an odor agent. HHCB has been processed by way of incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction products and by way of repackaging. Wholesale retail trade also reported use in non-incorporation activities as a surfactant (EPA 2017b), however, an email from Alen USA confirms that HHCB is used as a fragrance ingredient, not as a surfactant ((EPA-HQ-OPPT-2018-0430-0018).

CPCat also highlights a selection of industrial uses of HHCB. HHCB was used in automotive care, in the maintenance and repairs of motor vehicles, bodywork repairs, and motor vehicle paints. It may also be used in industrial construction; industrial dry cleaning; machinery and equipment manufacturing; and motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-trailer manufacturing (CPCat 2015).

2.3.1 (D) Other Uses and Products Miscellaneous Uses CPCat reports use of HHCB in restaurants, cafeterias, and community centers for food production and service, and beverage service activities (CPCat 2015). However, HHCB use in restaurants and other food service establishments is expected to be as a component of a cleaning agent and not as an intentional additive to food products. HHCB is also used, likely as an odor agent, in consumer and commercial plastic and rubber products. According to 2016 CDR, it is also used in paper products (EPA 2017b).

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-6

Non-TSCA Uses HHCB is used in cosmetics and personal care products, in biocides, and in pharmaceuticals. One of the companies that uses HHCB under for uses not covered by TSCA is International Flavors & Fragrances. They listed the use of HHCB in children’s product in 2016 CDR under the personal care products category. Based on a review of the company’s website, the product intended for children’s use is most likely a cosmetic and therefore, not regulated by EPA.

Tier 1 Uses Uses are divided into Tier 1 and Tier 2 uses. Those in Tier 1 generally have more information to support the accuracy of the use. For instance, these uses may be identified from sources where manufacturers and producers self- report the information or have been confirmed by identification of the chemical on a product SDS. They are found in Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information. Tier 2 uses are other uses that may be historic, non-TSCA use, or more anecdotal are found in the table in Appendix B.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-7

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users Manufacturing Several companies report manufacture/import of HHCB, but the nature of production is Manufacture/Import Industrial claimed as CBI so may be either manufacturing or import.

Import Industrial The 2016 CDR reports imports from four firms of the HHCB.

Processing

EPA (2017b)

The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in processing (incorporation into formulation, All other chemical product and Industrial mixture, or reaction product, or repackaging) as an odor agent in all other chemical preparation manufacturing product and preparation manufacturing.

Expected users are industrial based on CDR’s industrial user classification.

EPA (2017b); NLM (2018); Panten and Surburg (2016); Givaudan (2009); IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. 2015a; IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. 2015b; IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. 2015c; Incorporating into CPL Aromas (Far East) Limited 2018; Aire Creations 2018 formulation, mixture or reaction product The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB as an odor agent in fragrance mixtures at one facility site. According to CDR, it is processed by incorporation into a formulation, mixture, or reaction product. HHCB is reportedly a synthetic and an artificial musk fragrance. HHCB is also used to make longer lasting fragrances and balance its smell. Fragrances mixtures Industrial HHCB, also known as its trade name Galaxolide, is not only used as a synthetic musk producing a clean, but also as a “musky flowery-woody odor with a sweet, powdery nuance.”

A number of products intended as industrial fragrance mixtures were found to contain HHCB in their SDS’s.

Expected users are industrial based on CDR’s industrial user classification.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-8

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users

EPA (2017b)

According to CDR, is incorporated into formulations, mixtures or reaction products in Miscellaneous manufacturing Industrial miscellaneous manufacturing uses.

Expected users are industrial.

EPA (2017b); ECHA (2019)

The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in processing (incorporation into formulation, mixture, or reaction product) as an odor agent in soap, cleaning compound, and toilet Soap, cleaning compound, and Industrial preparation manufacturing, at three facility sites. The ECHA registration dossier for toilet preparation manufacturing HHCB reports its use in European countries in industrial detergents and maintenance products, as well as in industrial end-use washing and cleaning products.

Expected users are industrial based on CDR’s industrial user classification. EPA (2017b)

Plastic material and resin Incorporation into articles Industrial According to CDR, acts as odor agent in plastics material and resin manufacturing manufacturing

Expected users are industrial.

EPA (2017b)

All other chemical product and Repackaging Industrial According to CDR, is repackaged in chemical product and preparation manufacturing. preparation manufacturing

Expected users are industrial.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-9

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users Consumer/Commercial/Industrial Uses

EPA (2017b); ECHA (2019)

The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in consumer and commercial air care products, at Consumer, Air care products <1% to 60% concentration by weight. The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its Commercial use in consumer end-use of air care products, in European countries.

Expected users are based on CDR’s consumer and commercial user classifications.

DeLima Associates (2016b)2; DeLima Associates (2015b) 2; DeLima Associates (2016d) 2; DeLima Associates (2016c) 2; Candlewic 2017a; Candlewic 2017b; Claire Manufacturing Company 2019a; Claire Manufacturing Company 2019b; Claire Air Care Products Manufacturing Company 2019c; Claire Manufacturing Company 2019d; Claire Manufacturing Company 2019e; Spartan Chemical Company 2019a; Spartan Chemical Company 2019b; Spartan Chemical Company 2019c; Air-Scent Int'l 2014

Air fresheners, include aerosol Consumer, The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in several aerosol air spray products, including air freshener (automatic and non- Commercial, automated and non-automated, and in scented candle products. These products are automatic and solid room air Industrial currently available for consumer use. The CPID also lists HHCB in solid room air fresheners1, and scented candles) freshener, in the form of wax melts and gels. This report has located a number of SDS’s of air freshener products that contain HHCB from Claire Manufacturing Company, Spartan Chemical Company and Air-Scent International.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. Spartan Chemical Company notes on their product’s SDS’s that their products are intended for institutional or industrial use.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-10

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users

EPA (2017b); Indigo Fragrance (2017); Natures Garden Fragrances n.d.; Majestic Mountain Sage n.d.; Rustic Escentuals 2017

Consumer, The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in consumer and commercial aroma chemicals. Aroma chemicals Commercial HHCB is listed as an ingredient for a consumer and commercially available fragrance oil product. Multiple fragrance oil products have been found to contain HHCB.

Expected users are based on CDR’s consumer and commercial user classifications.

CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use the maintenance and repairs of motor vehicles, bodywork repairs, and motor vehicle paints. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used Automotive care Industrial in this capacity in Nordic countries. It is unknown whether this use involves processing of the chemical or if it is used in automotive care. Evidence of this use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are listed as industrial according to CPCat. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019 Automotive

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in the manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic Motor vehicles, trailers, and Industrial countries. No further information could be found to determine if this use is ongoing. It is semi-trailer manufacturing unknown whether this use involves processing. Evidence of use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are assumed to be industrial for manufacturing of motor vehicles, trailers, and semi-trailer manufacturing Consumer, Meguiars (2015)1; ECHA (2019) Polishes and wax blends Commercial

1 The SDS for product containing HHCB is for a product available in the UK. The SDS for a similar product available in the U.S. does not currently contain HHCB (Meguiars, 2018).

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-11

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users HHCB is listed as an ingredient in a wax and washing product that is currently available for consumer and commercial use. The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its use in consumer and professional end-use of polishes and wax blends, in European countries.

Expected users are consumer and commercial based on inclusion in ECHA’s consumer uses and uses by professional workers. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in windscreen washing agents. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. No further information Consumer, Windscreen washing agents could be found on this use or if it is ongoing. It is unknown whether this use occurs in the Commercial U.S. Evidence of use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are not listed but are assumed to be consumer and commercial for windscreen washing agents. DeLima Associates 2015g2; Pioneer Eclipse Corp. 2016; Spartan Chemical Company 2019g; Spartan Chemical Company 2019i

Consumer, Bathroom cleaners, including The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in a bathroom and bath mold and mildew cleaner Commercial, mold and mildew cleaner1 currently available for consumer use. A washroom cleaning product from Amano Pioneer Industrial Eclipse Corporation is intended for commercial and industrial use only. A bathroom clear was found

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. DeLima Associates 2015a2; Church & Dwight 2015b Cleaning and Furniture Care Products The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in carpet and room deodorizer products. These Carpet and room deodorizer Consumer products are currently available for consumer use. An Arm & Hammer carpet deodorizer was found to contain HHCB in its SDS.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. DeLima Associates (2015c)2; European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) 2019

Floor cleaner1 Consumer The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in multi-surface floor cleaner products, currently available for consumer use in the U.S. and Canada. ECHA lists as use in Europe.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-12

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users Expected users are consumers CPID lists this use for consumers. DeLima Associates (2015h) 2; European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) 2019

Glass cleaner1 Consumer The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in a glass cleaning product that is currently available for consumer use. ECHA lists as use in Europe.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. DeLima Associates (2015e) 2; European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) 2019

Hard-surface cleaner1 Consumer The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in hard surface cleaners that are currently available for consumer use. ECHA lists as use in Europe.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in lime deposit removers, used in water treatment. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. No Consumer, Lime deposit remover further information could be found on this use or if it is ongoing. Evidence of use has only Commercial been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are not explicitly stated, but are expected to be consumer or commercial for lime deposit remover. ECHA (2019); Spartan Chemical Company 2019d; Spartan Chemical Company 2019e

The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its use in professional indoor and outdoor Professional detergents and end-use of detergents and maintenance products in European countries. Two disinfectants Commercial maintenance products marketed by Spartan Chemical Company lists HHCB on their SDS’s.

Expected users are commercial based on inclusion in ECHA’s uses by professional workers. Washing and cleaning products Consumer, ECHA (2019) not otherwise included Commercial

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-13

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its use in consumer and professional end- use of washing and cleaning products, in European countries. Specific uses ECHA names include laundry and dishwashing products, fabric conditioners, laundry additives (i.e. bleaches), hand dishwashing, machine dishwashing, ironing aids, liquid cleaners (i.e. all- purpose cleaners, glass cleaners), carpet cleaners, wipes, high pressure washers, automotive care, and spray cleaners. Evidence of use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are consumer and commercial based on inclusion in ECHA’s consumer uses and uses by professional workers.

CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in industrial construction. No further information could be found to determine if this use is ongoing. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may Construction Construction Industrial be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. It is unknown whether this use involves processing by incorporation into an article. Evidence of use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.

Expected users are listed on industrial on CPCat. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in restaurants, cafeterias, and community centers for food production and service, and beverage service activities. Since CPCat cites SPIN, Food products and service Food products and service Commercial HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. No further specific information could be found on this use. Evidence of use has only been found in Europe, not the U.S.3

Expected users are not listed but assumed to be consumers. Freshener, Scented and Commercial, Spartan Chemical Company 2019j Fragrant Disposable Floor Mat Deodorizing Products Industrial

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-14

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users A fragrant disposable floor mat from Spartan Chemical Company was found to contain HHCB in its SDS.

Expected users are commercial and industrial according to the product’s SDS. DeLima Associates 2019

The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in pet odor spray for upholstery and fabric. These Pet odor spray Consumer products are currently available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. Spartan Chemical Company 2019h

Commercial, Urinal Screen A Urinal Screen from Spartan Chemical Company SDS was found to contain HHCB. Industrial

Expected users are Commercial and Industrial Toronto Research Chemicals 2017

Toronto Research Chemicals sells a Galaxolide Mixture that, according to the product’s Laboratory Chemicals Laboratory Chemicals Industrial SDS, is intended for use in laboratory settings.

Expected users are industrial. DeLima Associates (2016e); CPCat 2015; European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) 2019; Givaudan (2009); Spartan Chemical Company 2019f

The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in a liquid laundry detergent product that is currently available for consumer use. ECHA lists as use in Europe. The CPCat lists Laundry and textile HHCB’s reported use in washing agents for textiles. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may Laundry and textile detergent Consumer products be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. ECHA lists as use in Europe. HHCB, as Galaxolide, has reportedly been used, at concentration of up to 40%, in fabric softeners. Givaudan also suggests that HHCB ends up in fabric softeners. A fabric softener from Spartan Chemical Company was found to contain HHCB.

Expected users are not listed but are assumed to be consumer and commercial for laundry and textile detergents. Industrial CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-15

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in the manufacture of machinery and equipment. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. It is unknown whether this use involves processing by incorporation into an article. No further information could be found to determine if this use is ongoing. Evidence of use Machinery and equipment Machinery and equipment has only been found in Europe, not the U.S. manufacturing manufacturing Expected users are assumed to be industrial for manufacturing of machinery and equipment.

EPA (2017b)

The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in consumer paper products. No further information Paper products Paper products Consumer is available on this use.

Expected users are based on CDR’s consumer user classification. EPA (2017b)

Plastic and rubber The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in consumer and commercial plastic and rubber Plastic and rubber products Consumer products products, not covered elsewhere, at <1% concentration by weight.

Expected users are based on CDR’s consumer user classification. EPA (2017b)

The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB as a surface active agent in wholesale and retail trade, at one facility site, however an email from Alen USA confirmed that they do not Wholesale and retail trade Wholesale and retail trade Industrial use HHCB as a surface active agent but as a fragrance ingredient (Reyes 2019). It is there a non-incorporative use

Expected users are industrial based on CDR’s industrial user classification.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-16

Table 2-5: Tier 1 Use Information Activity or Chemical Expected Sector or Product Type Comments and References Function Users Recycling/Disposal/Emissions Uses EPA (2017b) Recycling In CDR, four sites claim recycling as CBI. Note(s): 1. In a 2018 press release, SC Johnson Inc. announced that it would phase-out the use of HHCB in fragrances for 50% of its products over the next 3 years, presumably for 2021 (Chemicalwatch.com 2018). The product categories that will be part of the phase-out were not listed, and it is possible that some uses of HHCB may no longer be ongoing after the phase-out. 2. Product was listed in the CPID database as containing HHCB. However, the associated SDS did not list HHCB. In three of the air fresheners (DeLima Associates 2016b, DeLima Associates 2016c, DeLima Associates 2016d), the SDS noted the present of proprietary fragrance mixtures, which could potentially contain HHCB. 3. It is possible that HHCB use in restaurants and other food service establishments is solely as a cleaning agent and not as an intentional additive to food products.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-17

Products Containing HHCB This section includes a sample of products containing HHCB. When EPA identified a product though its search for market and use information, the product was added to following table. This is not a comprehensive list of products containing HHCB. In addition, some manufacturers may appear over- represented in this table. This may mean that they are more likely to disclose product ingredients online than other manufacturers, but does not imply anything about use of the chemical compared to other manufacturers in this sector.

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-18

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) TSCA Products Aerosol air freshener Glade Premium Room Spray – Sheer (automatic and non- Consumer SC Johnson Inc. 1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019c) White Cotton automatic) Consumer/ Aroma chemicals Barber Shop Fragrance Oil Indigo Fragrance 15-40% Unknown Indigo Fragrance (2017) Commercial Bathroom mold and Scrubbing Bubbles Bathroom Grime Consumer SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019d) mildew cleaner Fighter Carpet and room Glade Carpet & Room – Hawaiian Consumer SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019d) deodorizer Breeze Pledge FloorCare Multi-Surface Floor cleaner Consumer SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019b) Concentrated Cleaner Floor polish Consumer Pledge FloorCare Multi Surface Finish SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019b) DeLima Associates Furniture cleaner Consumer Pledge Orange Clean, Aerosol SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown (2015f) Glass cleaner Consumer Windex Crystal Rain SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019d) Pledge Multi Surface Everyday Cleaner Hard-surface cleaner Consumer SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019b) with Glade Cashmere Woods OxiClean Preserve Liquid Laundry Laundry detergent Consumer Church & Dwight ≤0.1 Unknown Church & Dwight (2015a) Detergent Arm & Hammer™ Plus OxiClean™ Church and Dwight Laundry detergent Consumer Stain Fighters 3 Church & Dwight 0.04 - 0.07% Unknown (2018a) in 1 Power Paks - ODOR BLASTERS Laundry Stain and Odor OxiCleanTM Odor Blasters Versatile Church and Dwight Consumer Church & Dwight <0.1% Unknown Eliminator Stain & Odor Remover (2018b) Fresh House Automatic Spray – Fresh Pet odor spray Consumer Sprayway Inc. 0.1-1% Unknown Sprayway Retail (2018) Scent Consumer/ Polishes and wax blends Meguiar’s Ultimate Wash-N-Wax 3M Company 0.1-1% Unknown Meguiars (2015) Commercial Glade Candle – Jubilant Rose & Scented candle Consumer SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019a) Lavender & Peach Blossom Industrial/ Airlift Ultra Fragrant Commode Clips Spartan Chemical Spartan Chemical Air Freshener 1-5% Unknown Commercial NABC Fresh Scent Company, Inc. Company Inc 2017

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-19

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) Industrial/ Airlift Ultra Fragrant Urinal Screen Spartan Chemical Spartan Chemical Urinal Freshener 1-5% Unknown Commercial NABC Fresh Scent Company, Inc. Company Inc 2017} Industrial, Natures Garden Nature's Garden Fragrance Mixtures Almond Marzipan Fragrance Oil 5-10% Unknown Commercial Fragrances Fragrances n.d. Consumer/ Balev Corporation Air Freshener Areon Fresh Wave Black Crystal <0.5% Unknown Baley Corporation 2015a Commercial [Bulgaria] Consumer/ Balev Corporation Air Freshener Areon Smile No Smoking 1-2.5% Unknown Baley Corporation 2015b Commercial [Bulgaria] Waypoint Toilet Bowl Deodorizer Corporation, Waypoint Corporation Commercial Bowl Clip (Spiced Apple) 0.3-3% Unknown (clip) manufactured for 2015 [UK] Consumer/ Claire CL 192 Red Delicious Apple Dry Air Claire Manufacturing Co. Air Freshener Commercial Manufacturing 0.1 - <1% Unknown Freshener 2016 Company Consumer/ KG Spray-Pak Inc Air Freshener Cool Linen Air Freshener 0.1-1% Unknown KG Spray-Pak Inc. 2019 Commercial [Canada] Consumer/ Air Freshener Commercial Cool Linen Spray Uline, Inc. 0.1-1% Unknown Uline Inc. 2018 Consumer/ Scented Candle Commercial Downtown Bourbon Candlewic 2-5% Unknown Candlewic 2017a Industrial/ Wellington Wellington Fragrance Fragrance Mixtures Egyptian Musk 40-50% Unknown Commercial Fragrance 2014a Deodorant for Industrial/ Pro-Lab Diagnostics Pro-Lab Diagnostics autoclaved laboratory Envirobead - Apple ≥10 - ≤16% Unknown Commercial [Canada] 2017a waste Deodorant for Industrial/ Pro-Lab Diagnostics Pro-Lab Diagnostics autoclaved laboratory Envirobead - Peach ≥5 - ≤10% Unknown Commercial [Canada] 2017b waste Industrial/ Gentil Sayre Gentil Sayre Limited Fragrance Mixtures Escentscia 4Bonbon 5.5-7.5% Unknown Commercial Limited [UK] 2018a Industrial/ Gentil Sayre Gentil Sayre Limited Fragrance Mixtures Escentscia 4Good Girl 3.62-5.62% Unknown Commercial Limited [UK] 2018b

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-20

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) Industrial, Wellington Wellington Fragrance Fragrance Mixtures Freesia 1-2% Unknown Commercial Fragrance 2014b Sheild Chemicals Consumer/ Shield Chemicals (Pty) Air Freshener Fresh 24 Air Freshener (Pty) Ltd [South 5-25% Unknown Commercial Ltd. 2010 Africa] Industrial, IFF (Great Britain) International Flavors & Fragrance Mixtures Galaxolide 50 PCT IPM 50-100% Unknown Commercial Ltd. [UK] Fragrances Inc. 2016 Consumer/ Truck Shop B.V. TRUCK SHOP B.V. Air Freshener Gracemate Poppy - Jasmin 0.05-0.1% Unknown Commercial [Netherlands] 2017

Aroma Fragrance Consumer Juicy Couture Viva La Juicy 5-10% Unknown Viva La Juicy 2015 Kimberly-Clark Kimberly Clark Professional* Joy Kimberly-Clark Europe Aroma Fragrance Consumer Europe Limited ≥0.1 - <0.25% Unknown Fragrance Refill Limited 2017 [UK] Georgia-Pacific Georgia-Pacific Industrial/ Fragrance Mixtures Lavendar Refill Cartridge Consumer Products 1-5% Unknown Consumer Products LP Commercial LP 2015 Consumer/ Scented Candle Commercial Love Spell Victoria's Secret Type Candlewic 2-5% Unknown Candlewic 2017b Consumer/ Air Freshener Commercial Mango Burst San Jamar 0.5-1.5% Unknown San Jamar 2015 Industrial/ International Flavors & Fragrance Mixtures Musk Ketone (Ketonex M) IFF Inc. 10-30% Unknown Commercial Fragrances Inc. 2015a Industrial/ International Flavors & Fragrance Mixtures Nepalva 0912 IFF Inc. 30-60% Unknown Commercial Fragrances Inc. 2015b Industrial/ Amano Pioneer Pioneer Eclipse Corp. Deodorizer Neutrazene Malodor Counteractant 0.1-0.3% Unknown Commercial Eclipse Corporation 2015 Antari Lighting and ANTARI LIGHTING Industrial/ Fragrance Mixtures P-1 Rose Effects Ltd 0.25-1% Unknown AND EFFECTS LTD. Commercial [Taiwan] 2016 Unknown [appears Consumer/ Rustic Ramble Wildlife Woodwick Unknown Manufacturer Scented Candle to be outside of the 0.075%-0.3% Unknown Commercial Candle 2015 U.S.]

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-21

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) Consumer/ Prestige d.o.o. Air Freshener Shake Air Freshener Gentleman ≥7 - <10% Unknown PRESTIGE d.o.o. n.d.-a Commercial [Croatia] Consumer/ Prestige d.o.o. Air Freshener Shake Air Freshener White Musk ≥10 - <12.5% Unknown PRESTIGE d.o.o. n.d.-b Commercial [Croatia] International Flavors & Industrial/ IFF (Nederland) BV Fragrance Mixtures Shangralide Oliffac 1010 50-100% Unknown Fragrances Inc. Commercial [Netherlands] (NEDERLAND) BV 2012 Consumer/ Air Scent International Air Freshener Solid Square Wafer - Laundry Fresh Air-Scent Int'l 1-5% Unknown Commercial 2014a Consumer/ Air Scent International Air Freshener Solid Square Wafer - Ocean Breeze Air-Scent Int'l 5-10% Unknown Commercial 2014b Consumer/ Strawberries & Champagne Fragrance Majestic Mountain Majestic Mountain Sage Scented Candle 10 - <20% Unknown Commercial Oil Sage Inc Inc. 2015 Consumer/ Tork Premium Airfreshener Aerosol - Asaleo Care Aerosol air freshener <1% Unknown ASALEO CARE 2013 Commercial Fruit A1 [Australia] Washroom (bathroom) Commercial/ Amano Pioneer Pioneer Eclipse Corp. Triton Non-Acid Washroom Cleaner 0.1-0.3% Unknown cleaner Industrial Eclipse Corporation 2016 Consumer/ Wellington Wellington Fragrance Scented Candle Warm Vanilla Sugar BBW Type 2-5% Unknown Commercial Fragrance 2014c Solid room air freshener Consumer Glade Wax Melts – Cashmere Woods SC Johnson Inc.1 Unknown Unknown SC Johnson (2019a) Consumer, Claire 9000 Shot 9K Fresh Linen Metered AIr 0.1 - <1%, by Claire Manufacturing Air Fresheners Commercial, Manufacturing Unknown Freshener weight Company 2019a Industrial Company Consumer, Airlift Cranberry Ice (RTU Handi Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Air Fresheners Commercial, Unknown Spray) Company, Inc. weight Company 2019a Industrial Consumer, Airlift Fresh Scent (RTU Handi Spray Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Air Fresheners Commercial, Unknown Ready to Use) Company, Inc. weight Company 2019b Industrial Consumer, Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Air Fresheners Commercial, Airlift Tropical (RTU Handi Spray) Unknown Company, Inc. weight Company 2019c Industrial

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-22

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) Arm & Hammer Fabric & Carpet Foam Deodorizer, Arm & Hammer Carpet & Carpet and Room Room Odor Eliminator Vacuum-Free ≤0.1%, by Consumer Church & Dwight Unknown Church & Dwight 2015b Deodorizer Foam, Arm & Hammer Healthy Home weight Solutions Odor Eliminator Foam, Arm & Hammer Max Odor Eliminator Foam CPL Aromas (Far 2.5-10%, CPL Aromas (Far East) Fragrance Mixtures Industrial Black Lily Mod AF East) Limited [Hong Unknown unspecified Limited 2018 Kong] Fragrance Mixtures Industrial Blue Wave Belle Aire Creations <1%, by weight Unknown Aire Creations 2018 Professional detergents Commercial, Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical and maintenance BNC-15 Unknown Industrial Company, Inc. weight Company 2019d products Professional detergents Commercial, Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical and maintenance Clean on the Go NABC Concentrate [1] Unknown Industrial Company, Inc. weight Company 2019e products Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Laundry Fabric Softener Consumer Clothesline Fresh Fabric Softener [6] Unknown Company, Inc. weight Company 2019f Consumer, Claire Fresh Linen Air Freshener and 0.1 - <1%, by Claire Manufacturing Air Fresheners Commercial, Manufacturing Unknown Deodorizer weight Company 2019b Industrial Company Consumer, Claire 0.1 - <1%, by Claire Manufacturing Air Fresheners Commercial, Fresh Linen Micro Meter Air Freshener Manufacturing Unknown weight Company 2019c Industrial Company Toronto Research Unknown Toronto Research Laboratory Chemical Industrial Galaxolide (Mixture of Diastereomers) Unknown Chemicals [Canada] (assumed 100%) Chemicals 2017 IFF (Great Britain) 60-100%, IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. Fragrance Mixtures Industrial Galaxolide 50 BB Unknown Ltd [UK] unspecified 2015a IFF (Great Britain) 60-100%, IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. Fragrance Mixtures Industrial Galaxolide 50 DEP Unknown Ltd [UK] unspecified 2015b IFF (Great Britain) Unknown IFF (Great Britain), Ltd. Fragrance Mixtures Industrial Galaxolide Undiluted Unknown Ltd [UK] (assumed 100%) 2015c Consumer, Natures Garden 30-40%, Natures Garden Aroma Chemicals Commercial, Honey Bunny Fragrance Oil Unknown Fragrances unspecified Fragrances n.d. Industrial

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-23

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) Consumer, Majestic Mountain Majestic Mountain Sage Aroma Chemicals Commercial, Lilikoi Fragrance Oil Unknown Unknown Sage n.d. Industrial Consumer, Claire Mega Mango Air Freshener & 0.1 - <1%, by Claire Manufacturing Air Fresheners Commercial, Manufacturing Unknown Deodorizer weight Company 2019d Industrial Company Consumer, Claire 0.1 - <1%, by Claire Manufacturing Air Fresheners Commercial, Mega Mango Metered Air Freshener Manufacturing Unknown weight Company 2019e Industrial Company Commercial, NABC Non-Acid Disinfectant Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Bathroom Cleaner Unknown Industrial Bathroom Cleaner Company, Inc. weight Company 2019g Commercial, NABC Urinal Screen with Deodorizing Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Urinal Screen Unknown Industrial Block & Blue Dye Indicator Company, Inc. weight Company 2019h Consumer, 10-30%, Aroma Chemicals Commercial, Patchouli Rain Rustic Escentuals Unknown Rustic Escentuals 2017 unspecified Industrial Professional detergents Commercial, Peroxy II FBC Antibacterial Foaming Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical and maintenance Unknown Industrial Bath & Surface Cleaner Company, Inc. weight Company 2019i products Consumer, 1-5%, Air Fresheners Commercial, Solid Square Wafer - White Tea Air-Scent Int'l Unknown Air-Scent Int'l 2014 unspecified Industrial Fragrant Disposable Commercial, Spartan Chemical <0.1%, by Spartan Chemical Urigard C Unknown Floor Mat Industrial Company, Inc. weight Company 2019j Non-TSCA Products Arm & Hammer Essentials Natural Unknown Antiperspirant/deodorant Consumer Church & Dwight 0.1-0.2% Church & Dwight (2015a) Deodorant Moroccanoil Israel Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. Body Oil Consumer Moroccanoil - Cleansing Bar ≤1%, by weight Unknown Ltd [Israel] 2012 Moroccanoil Israel ≤0.5%, by Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. Body Oil Consumer Moroccanoil - Shimmering Body Oil Unknown Ltd [Israel] weight 2013 The Art of Shaving Cologne Intense Unknown Cologne Consumer Procter and Gamble 0.1-1% P&G (2017) Bourbon Amber

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-24

Table 2-6: Sample of Products Containing HHCB Percent in Product Volume of Use Expected Use Product Manufacturer (weight, and Frequency of Source Users volume, or Use unspecified) ROUX Rejuvenating Keratin Repair Unknown Hair conditioner Consumer Revlon <1% Revlon (2015) Conditioner Herbal Essences Bio: Renew Golden Unknown Hair shampoo Consumer Procter and Gamble 0.1-1% P&G (2018) Moringa Oil Smooth Shampoo Note(s): 1. In 2018, SC Johnson announced that it would phase-out the use of HHCB from half of its products over the next 3 years, presumably by 2021. It is unclear which product categories will be affected by this phase-out (Chemicalwatch.com 2018)

HHCB Use Report Uses and Production Volume ▌pg. 2-25

Waste, Disposal, and Recycling

National Emissions Inventory Data (NEI) The National Emissions Inventory (NEI) is a comprehensive and detailed estimate of air emissions of criteria pollutants, criteria precursors, and hazardous air pollutants from air emissions sources. The NEI is released every three years based primarily upon data provided by State, Local, and Tribal air agencies for sources in their jurisdictions and supplemented by data developed by the US EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2019).

HHCB is not reported to the National Emissions Inventory.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Data (RCRA) The RCRA Biennial Report (BR) contains information on generation, transportation, treatment, storage, and disposal of hazardous waste.

HHCB is not reported to RCRA.

HHCB Use Report Waste, Disposal, and Recycling ▌pg. 3-1

References

Air-Scent Int'l. (2014). SDS - Solid Square Wafer - White Tea.

Air Scent International. (2014a). SDS - SOLID SQUARE WAFER - LAUNDRY FRESH.

Air Scent International. (2014b). SDS - SOLID SQUARE WAFER - OCEAN BREEZE AIR- SCENT.

Aire Creations. (2018). SDS - Blue Wave Belle Aire Creations 2018.

ANTARI LIGHTING AND EFFECTS LTD. (2016). SDS - P-1 Rose.

ASALEO CARE. (2013). SDS - TORK PREMIUM AIRFRESHENER AEROSOL - FRUIT A1.

Baley Corporation. (2015a). SDS - Areon Fresh Wave Black Crystal.

Baley Corporation. (2015b). SDS - Areon Smile No Smoking.

California Dept of Pesticide Regulation. (2013). DPR Databases. Retrieved from https://www.cdpr.ca.gov/dprdatabase.htm

Candlewic. (2017a). SDS - Downtown Bourbon.

Candlewic. (2017b). SDS - Love Spell Victoria's Secret Type.

Chemicalwatch.com. (2018). SC Johnson sets galaxolide phase-out plan for products. Retrieved from https://chemicalwatch.com/72171/sc-johnson-sets-galaxolide-phase-out-plan-for- products

Church & Dwight. (2015a). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/files/brands_pdf/1469485742.PDF

Church & Dwight. (2015b). SDS - Arm & Hammer Fabric & Carpet Foam Deodorizer...

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Claire Manufacturing Company. (2019a). SDS - 9000 Shot 9K Fresh Linen Metered Air Freshener.

Claire Manufacturing Company. (2019b). SDS - Fresh Linen Air Freshener and Deodorizer.

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CPCat. (2015). Exploring consumer exposure pathways and patterns of use for chemicals in the environment. Toxicology Reports, 2, 228-237. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.12.009

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-1

CPL Aromas (Far East) Limited. (2018). SDS - Black Lily Mod AF.

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DeLima Associates. (2015a). Glade Carpet and Room Refresher, Hawaiian Breeze-02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16639/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EGlade%20Carpet%20and%20Room%20Refresher,%20Hawaiian%20Breeze- 02/24/2015/p%3E/19-001-662

DeLima Associates. (2015b). Glade Premium Room Spray, Sheer White Cotton, Aerosol-02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16648/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EGlade%20Premium%20Room%20Spray,%20Sheer%20White%20Cotton,%20Aerosol- 02/24/2015/p%3E/19-001-671

DeLima Associates. (2015c). Pledge FloorCare Multi-Surface Concentrated Cleaner-02/25/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16566/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EPledge%20FloorCare%20Multi-Surface%20Concentrated%20Cleaner- 02/25/2015/p%3E/19-001-584

DeLima Associates. (2015d). Pledge FloorCare Multi-Surface Finish-02/25/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16567/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EPledge%20FloorCare%20Multi-Surface%20Finish-02/25/2015/p%3E/19-001-585

DeLima Associates. (2015e). Pledge Multi Surface Everyday Cleaner with Glade, Cashmere Woods, Aerosol-02/25/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16571/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EPledge%20Multi%20Surface%20Everyday%20Cleaner%20with%20Glade,%20Cashm ere%20Woods,%20Aerosol-02/25/2015/p%3E/19-001-589

DeLima Associates. (2015f). Pledge Orange Clean, Aerosol-02/25/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16576/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EPledge%20Orange%20Clean,%20Aerosol-02/25/2015/p%3E/19-001-594

DeLima Associates. (2015g). Scrubbing Bubbles Bathroom Cleaner with Color Power Technology, Aerosol-02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16601/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EScrubbing%20Bubbles%20Bathroom%20Cleaner%20with%20Color%20Power%20Te chnology,%20Aerosol-02/24/2015/p%3E/19-001-619

DeLima Associates. (2015h). Windex Crystal Rain, Pump Spray-02/25/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16609/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EWindex%20Crystal%20Rain,%20Pump%20Spray-02/25/2015/p%3E/19-001-629

DeLima Associates. (2016a). Arm & Hammer Essentials Natural Deodorant, Fresh-11/19/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/17172/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-2

2%3EArm%20&%20Hammer%20Essentials%20Natural%20Deodorant,%20Fresh- 11/19/2015/p%3E/03-005-162

DeLima Associates. (2016b). Glade Candle 2-IN-1, Jubilant Rose and Lavender and Peach Blossom- 02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16676/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EGlade%20Candle%202-IN- 1,%20Jubilant%20Rose%20and%20Lavender%20and%20Peach%20Blossom- 02/24/2015/p%3E/19-001-699

DeLima Associates. (2016c). Glade Solid Air Freshener, Crisp Waters-02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16711/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EGlade%20Solid%20Air%20Freshener,%20Crisp%20Waters-02/24/2015/p%3E/19- 001-735

DeLima Associates. (2016d). Glade Wax Melts, Clean Linen-02/24/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/16723/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EGlade%20Wax%20Melts,%20 Clean%20Linen-02/24/2015/p%3E/19-001-747

DeLima Associates. (2016e). OxiClean Liquid Laundry Detergent, Preserve-12/08/2015. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/17262/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EOxiClean%20Liquid%20Laundry%20Detergent,%20Preserve-12/08/2015/p%3E/03- 005-254

DeLima Associates. (2018a). Consumer Product Information Database. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/

DeLima Associates. (2018b). Herbal Essences, Bio Renew, Smooth Shampoo, Golden Moringa Oil- 05/24/2018. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/21643/standard/p%20class=%22p1%2 2%3EHerbal%20Essences,%20Bio%20Renew,%20Smooth%20Shampoo,%20Golden%20M oringa%20Oil-05/24/2018/p%3E/16-033-558

DeLima Associates. (2019). Fresh House Automatic Spray Refill, Fresh Scent, Aerosol02/16/2018. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/types/type_detail/1/22127/standard/p%3EFresh%20House %20Automatic%20Spray%20Refill,%20Fresh%20Scent,%20Aerosol-02/16/2018/p%3E/19- 038-144

Dionisio, K. L., Frame, A. M., Goldsmith, M.-R., Wambaugh, J. F., Liddell, A., Cathey, T., . . . Judson, R. S. (2015). Exploring consumer exposure pathways and patterns of use for chemicals in the environment. Toxicology Reports, 2, 228-237. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.12.009

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European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). (2019). 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyran. Retrieved from https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/- /registered-dossier/14504

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-3

EWG. (2019). StriVectin-SD Instant Retexturizing Scrub. Retrieved from https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/product/690653/StriVectin-SD_Instant_Retexturizing_Scrub/

Gentil Sayre Limited. (2018a). SDS - ESCENTSCIA 4BONBON.

Gentil Sayre Limited. (2018b). SDS - ESCENTSCIA 4GOOD GIRL.

Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products LP. (2015). SDS - Lavendar Refill Cartridge.

Givaudan. (2009). Musk Series 2: The Natural and Everything about Synthetic Musks.

GoodGuide. (2011). Scorecard: The Pollution Information Site. Retrieved from http://scorecard.goodguide.com/chemical-profiles/index.tcl

Government of Canada. (2018). Chemical Substances: Services and Information. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/chemical-substances.html

Human & Environmental Risk Assessment (HERA). (2004). HHCB.

IFF (Great Britain), L. (2015a). SDS - Galaxolide 50 BB.

IFF (Great Britain), L. (2015b). SDS - Galaxolide 50 DEP.

IFF (Great Britain), L. (2015c). SDS - Galaxolide Undiluted.

Indigo Fragrance. (2017). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.indigofragrance.com/pdf/barbershopsds.pdf

International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (2015a). SDS - MUSK KETONE (KETONEX M).

International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (2015b). SDS - NEPALVA 0912.

International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (2016). SDS - GALAXOLIDE 50 PCT IPM.

International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. (NEDERLAND) BV. (2012). SDS - SHANGRALIDE OLIFFAC 1010.

KG Spray-Pak Inc. (2019). SDS- COOL LINEN AIR FRESHENER.

Kim, S., Thiessen, P. A., Bolton, E. E., Chen, J., Fu, G., Gindulyte, A., . . . Bryant, S. H. (2016). PubChem Substance and Compound databases. Nucleic Acids Research, 44(Database issue), D1202-D1213. doi:10.1093/nar/gkv951

Kimberly-Clark Europe Limited. (2017). SDS - KIMBERLY-CLARK PROFESSIONAL Joy Fragrance Refill.

Kirk-Othmer. (2006). Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.

Lu, Y., Yuan, T., Wenhua, W., & Kannan, K. (2011). Concentrations and assessment of exposure to siloxanes and synthetic musks in personal care products from China. Environmental Pollution, 159, 3522-3528. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.08.015

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-4

Majestic Mountain Sage. (n.d.). SDS - Lilikoi Fragrance Oil.

Majestic Mountain Sage Inc. (2015). SDS - Strawberries & Champagne Fragrance Oil.

Meguiars. (2015). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.meguiars.co.uk/wp- content/uploads/2015/03/31-9366-1_UK1.pdf

Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. (2012). SDS - Moroccanoil - Cleansing Bar, Moroccanoil - Shimmering Body Oil.

Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. (2013). SDS - Moroccanoil - Shimmering Body Oil.

Nature's Garden Fragrances. (n.d.). SDS - Almond Marzipan Fragrance Oil.

Natures Garden Fragrances. (n.d.). SDS - Honey Bunny Fragrance Oil.

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2018). eChemPortal: Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances. Retrieved from https://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index.action

OSPAR Commission. (2004). Hazardous Substances Series: Musk xylene and other musks.

P&G. (2017). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.pg.com/productsafety/sds/SDS_2017/The_Art_of_Shaving_Cologne_Bourbon_ Amber.pdf

P&G. (2018). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinproducts.com/brands/show_msds/1/21474

Panten, J., & Surburg, H. (2016). Flavors and Fragrances, 3. Aromatic and Heterocyclic Compounds. Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. doi:10.1002/14356007.t11_t02

Pioneer Eclipse Corp. (2015). SDS - Neutrazene Malodor Counteractant Amano.

Pioneer Eclipse Corp. (2016). SDS - Triton Non-Acid Washroom Cleaner Amano.

PRESTIGE d.o.o. (n.d.-a). SDS - SHAKE AIR FRESHENER GENTLEMAN.

PRESTIGE d.o.o. (n.d.-b). SDS - SHAKE AIR FRESHENER WHITE MUSK.

Pro-Lab Diagnostics. (2017a). SDS - Envirobead - Apple.

Pro-Lab Diagnostics. (2017b). SDS - Envirobead - Peach.

Reiner, J. L., & Kannan, K. (2006). A survey of polycyclic musks in selected household commodities from the United States. Chemosphere, 62, 867-873. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.10.006

Revlon. (2015). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.marlobeauty.com/images/graphics/pro2pro_article_image/6595.pdf

Rustic Escentuals. (2017). SDS - Patchouli Rain.

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-5

San Jamar. (2015). SDS - MANGO BURST.

SC Johnson. (2019a). Glade. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/glade/candle---jubilant-rose-and- lavender-and-peach-blossom

SC Johnson. (2019b). Pledge. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/pledge/pledge-floorcare-multi-surface- concentrated-cleaner

SC Johnson. (2019c). Scrubbing Bubbles. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/scrubbing-bubbles/scrubbing-bubbles- bathroom-grime-fighter

SC Johnson. (2019d). Windex. Retrieved from https://www.whatsinsidescjohnson.com/us/en/brands/windex/windex-crystal-rain

Shield Chemicals (Pty) Ltd. (2010). SDS - Fresh 24 Air Freshener.

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019a). SDS - Airlift Cranberry Ice (RTU Handi Spray).

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019b). SDS - Airlift Fresh Scent (RTU Handi Spray Ready to Use).

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019c). SDS - Airlift Tropical (RTU Handi Spray).

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019d). SDS - BNC-15.

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019e). SDS - Clean on the Go NABC Concentrate [1].

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019f). SDS - Clothesline Fresh Fabric Softener [6].

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019g). SDS - NABC Non-Acid Disinfectant Bathroom Cleaner.

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019h). SDS - NABC Urinal Screen with Deodorizing Block & Blue Dye Indicator.

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019i). SDS - Peroxy II FBC Antibacterial Foaming Bath & Surface Cleaner.

Spartan Chemical Company, I. (2019j). SDS - Urigard C.

Spartan Chemical Company Inc. (2017). SDS - AIRLIFT ULTRA FRAGRANT COMMODE CLIPS.

SPIN. (2019). Substances Prepared in Nordic Countries: 1,2-Dichlorobenzene. Retrieved from http://www.spin2000.net/spinmyphp/?pid=95501

Sprayway Retail. (2018). Safety Data Sheet. Retrieved from https://www.spraywayretail.com/wp- content/uploads/0584_SDS_US_en_1000036033_Fresh-House_6.17-OZ-100040-FH- FRESH-SCENT-PET-TW-12PK.pdf

Synapse Information Resources. (2009). Specialty Chemicals Source Book. Fourth Edition. Volume 1.

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-6

Toronto Research Chemicals. (2017). SDS - Galaxolide (Mixture of Diastereomers).

TRUCK SHOP B.V. (2017). SDS - GRACEMATE POPPY JASMIN

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2002). 1986-2002 Historical IUR Data. Retrieved from Excel File

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2006). 2006 IUR Public Database.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2014a). 2014 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) Data. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/2014-national- emissions-inventory-nei-data

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2014b). Non-Confidential 2012 Chemical Data Reporting (CDR).

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2017a). Functional Use Database (FUse). Retrieved from: https://catalog.data.gov/dataset/functional-use-database-fuse

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2017b). Non-Confidential 2016 Chemical Data Reporting (CDR). Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/chemical-data-reporting

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2018a). ChemView. Retrieved from https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2018b). Envirofacts Multisystem Search. Retrieved from https://www3.epa.gov/enviro/facts/multisystem.html

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2018c). Look up table for BR Waste Code (National Biennial RCRA Hazardous Waste Report). Retrieved from https://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/brs_codes_v2.waste_lookup

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2018d). Safer Chemical Ingredients List. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/saferchoice/safer-ingredients

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2018e). TRI-Listed Chemicals. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/toxics-release-inventory-tri-program/tri-listed-chemicals

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2019). National Emissions Inventory (NEI), Air Emissions Inventory.

U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). (2018). HSDB: GALAXOLIDE. Retrieved from https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search2/f?./temp/~s16gor:1

Uline Inc. (2018). SDS - COOL LINEN SPRAY.

Unknown Manufacturer. (2015). SDS - Rustic Ramble Wildlife.

Viva La Juicy. (2015). SDS - Juicy Couture.

Washington State Dept. of Ecology. (2018). Children's Safe Product Act Reported Data. Retrieved from https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/cspareporting/

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-7

Waypoint Corporation. (2015). SDS - BOWL CLIP (SPICED APPLE).

Wellington Fragrance. (2014a). SDS - Egyptian Musk.

Wellington Fragrance. (2014b). SDS - Freesia.

Wellington Fragrance. (2014c). SDS - Warm Vanilla Sugar BBW Type.

HHCB Use Report References ▌pg. 4-8

Appendix A: Methods and Sources Table To compile the uses, EPA searched publicly available databases listed in the following table and conducted additional Google searches to clarify uses or find current products in commerce.

Table A-1: Sources Searched for Uses of HHCB Title Author and Year Search Term(s) Found Use Information? 1 Sources searched for all use reports California Dept of California Links to Pesticides Data Pesticide Regulation 1222-05-5 No (2013) HHCB; 1,3,4,6,7,8- Canada Chemicals Management Plan Government of Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- No information sheets Canada (2018) hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran Chemical and Product Categories CPCat 2015 1222-05-5 Yes (CPCat) ChemView 2 EPA (2018a) 1222-05-5 Yes Washington State Children’s Safe Product Act Dept. of Ecology 1222-05-5 No Reported Data (2018) Consumer Product Information DeLima Associates 1222-05-5 Yes Database (CPID) (2018a) N/A, There is no search but report titles were Danish surveys on chemicals in Danish EPA (2018) checked for possible No consumer products information on the chemical DrugBank DrugBank (2018) 1222-05-5 No European Chemicals Agency ECHA (2019) 1222-05-5 Yes (ECHA) Registration Dossier eChemPortal 2 OECD (2018) 1222-05-5 Yes Envirofacts 2 EPA (2018b) 1222-05-5 No Functional Use Database (FUse) EPA (2017a) 1222-05-5 Yes HHCB; 1,3,4,6,7,8- Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- Kirk-Othmer (2006) No Chemical Technology hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran National Emissions Inventory EPA (2014a) 1222-05-5 No Non-Confidential 2012 Chemical EPA (2014b) 1222-05-5 Yes Data Reporting (CDR) Non-Confidential 2016 CDR EPA (2017b) 1222-05-5 Yes PubChem Compound Kim et al. (2016) 1222-05-5 Yes Safer Chemical Ingredients List EPA (2018d) 1222-05-5 No (SCIL) Synapse Information Synapse Information Resources 2 1222-05-5 Yes Resources 2009) Resource Conservation and Recovery EPA (2018c) 1222-05-5 No Act (RCRA) Scorecard: The Pollution Information GoodGuide (2011) 1222-05-5 No Site Skin Deep Cosmetics Database EWG (2019) 1222-05-5 Yes Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) EPA (2018e) 1222-05-5 No

HHCB Use Report Appendix A ▌pg. A-1

Table A-1: Sources Searched for Uses of HHCB Title Author and Year Search Term(s) Found Use Information? 1 TOXNET 2 NLM (2018) 1222-05-5 Yes HHCB; 1,3,4,6,7,8- Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Panten and Surburg Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8- Yes Chemistry (2016) hexamethylcyclopenta [g]-2-benzopyran Additional sources identified from reasonably available information Human & Environmental Risk HERA (2004) Assessment (HERA) Church & Dwight (2015a); Meguiars (2015); Revlon (2015); Indigo Incidentally identified Manufacturer Safety Data Sheets Fragrance (2017); while researching into P&G (2017, 2018); details of this Yes Sprayway Retail chemical’s uses and (2018) products. Reiner and Kannan Research articles (2006); Lu et al. (2011) SC Johnson (2019c, SC Johnson 2019d, 2019a, 2019b) Note(s): 1. If use information was found in the resource, it will appear in either the Tier 1 or Tier 2 table unless otherwise noted. 2. This source is a group of databases; thus the exact resource(s) it led to will be cited instead of the database as whole.

HHCB Use Report Appendix A ▌pg. A-2

Appendix B: Tier 2 Uses

This appendix contains uses classified as Tier 2. As stated in Section 2.3, these may be historic, non- TSCA use, or more anecdotal.

Table B-1: Tier 2 Use Information Use or Expected Description of Use or Process and References Process Users Uses with Minimal Substantiation DeLima Associates (2015d)2

The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in a floor finish/ polish product that is currently Floor polish Consumer available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. DeLima Associates (2015f) 2

Furniture The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in aerosol furniture cleaning product that is Consumer cleaner1 currently available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. Non-TSCA Use: Personal Care Products The 2016 CDR lists the use of HHCB in consumer and commercial personal care products, at <1% to 30% concentrations by weight (EPA 2017b). DeLima Associates 2016a

The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in several aerosol air spray products, including Antiperspirant/ Consumer automated and non-automated. These products are currently available for consumer deodorant use.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. Reiner and Kannan (2006)

HHCB is reportedly found in consumer-available body creams/lotions and after sun Body cream/ Consumer lotions at concentrations ranging from <5 to 3,740,000 ng/g. It is unknown if this use lotion is ongoing.

Expected users are consumer for body cream/lotion. Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. 2013; Moroccanoil Israel Ltd. 2012

There are two Isreali products product by Moroccanoil that were found to contain Body Oil Consumer HHBC according to their SDS’s.

Expected users are consumers. Lu et al. (2011); Reiner and Kannan (2006)

HHCB has been reportedly used as a synthetic musk in body washes available for Body washes/ consumer uses, at concentrations of up to 63.3 µg g-1. It us unknown if this use is Consumer gels ongoing in the U.S. HHCB is reportedly found in shower gels and bath soaps at concentrations ranging from <5 to 456,000 ng/g of HHCB.

Expected users are consumer for consumer available body washes and shower gels

HHCB Use Report Appendix B ▌pg. B-1

Table B-1: Tier 2 Use Information Use or Expected Description of Use or Process and References Process Users P&G (2017); Givaudan (2009)

HHCB is listed as an ingredient in cologne product that is currently available for Cologne and Consumer consumer use. HHCB, as Galaxolide, has been used in fine fragrance perfumes at perfumes concentrations ranging from 13-21.4%.

Expected users are consumer for cologne. ECHA (2019);

The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its use in consumer end-use of Cosmetics Consumer cosmetics, in European countries. The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in personal care cosmetics. No further information is provided on this use.

Expected users are consumer, based on inclusion in ECHA’s consumer uses. EWG (2019).

The EWG Skin Deep Cosmetics database list HHCB as an ingredient in a facial scrub, Facial scrub Consumer which is currently available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer as EWG is a consumer database. Revlon (2015)

Hair HHCB is listed as an ingredient in a hair conditioner products that is currently Consumer conditioner available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer for hair conditioner. DeLima Associates 2018b

The CPID lists HHCB as an ingredient in one hair shampoo product that is currently Hair shampoo Consumer available for consumer use.

Expected users are consumer as CPID lists this use for consumers. Lu et al. (2011)

HHCB has been reportedly used as a synthetic musk in makeup available for consumer Makeup Consumer uses, at concentrations up to 72.8 µg g-1. It us unknown if this use is ongoing in the U.S.

Expected users are consumer for consumer available makeups. Reiner and Kannan (2006)

HHCB is reportedly used in consumer available shaving cream at concentrations Shaving cream Consumer ranging from <5 to 1,230,000 ng/g of HHCB. It is unknown if this use is ongoing.

Expected users are consumer for shaving creams. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in skin cleaners, including soaps, shower gels, Skin cleaner Consumer and hand cleaning creams. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries.

Expected users are assumed to be consumer for skin cleaner.

HHCB Use Report Appendix B ▌pg. B-2

Table B-1: Tier 2 Use Information Use or Expected Description of Use or Process and References Process Users Lu et al. (2011)

HHCB has been reportedly used as a synthetic musk in skin lotions available for Skin lotions Consumer consumer uses, at concentrations up to 732 µg g-1. It us unknown if this use is ongoing in the U.S.

Expected users are consumer for consumer available skin lotions. Lu et al. (2011)

HHCB has been reportedly used as a synthetic musk in toilet soaps available for Toilet soaps Consumer consumer uses, at concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 38.7 µg g-1. It us unknown if this use is ongoing in the U.S.

Expected users are consumer for consumer available toilet soaps. Lu et al. (2011)

HHCB has been reportedly used as a synthetic musk in toothpastes available for Toothpastes Consumer consumer uses, at concentrations of up to 0.02 µg g-1. It us unknown if this use is ongoing in the U.S.

Expected users are consumer for consumer available toothpastes. Non-TSCA Use: Other Products and Uses ECHA (2019); CPCat 2015; Dionisio et al. (2015)

The ECHA registration dossier for HHCB lists its use in consumer end-use of biocides, which may include disinfectants, pest control, in European countries. The CPCat lists Biocides Consumer HHCB’s reported use in biocides for non-agricultural uses and as an inert ingredient in pesticides. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries. No further information could be found on this use.

Expected users are consumer based on inclusion in ECHA’s consumer uses. CPCat 2015 ; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in sanitation agents used “for cleaning up liquids and other materials” and in disinfectants used for “private area and public Disinfectant Consumer, health area.” The CPCat also lists HHCB’s reported use in sanitation agents for toilets. and sanitation Commercial, No further information could be found to determine if this use is ongoing. ECHA lists agents1 Industrial as use in Europe. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries.

Expected users are not listed but could be consumer, commercial, or industrial. CPCat 2015; SPIN 2019

The CPCat lists HHCB’s reported use in pharmaceuticals and in the manufacture of Pharmaceutical Industrial basic pharmaceutical products. No further information could be found on this use. Since CPCat cites SPIN, HHCB may be used in this capacity in Nordic countries.

Expected users are not listed but expected to be industrial. Note(s): 1 Likely a Non-TSCA Use. Covered by FIFRA. 2 Product was listed in the CPID database as containing HHCB. However, the associated SDS did not list HHCB. Since there has not been another source located corroborating this use, it is listed as unconfirmed.

HHCB Use Report Appendix B ▌pg. B-3