Chief Examiners' Evaluation Report Form
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Level 6 - Unit 5 – Equity & Trusts Suggested Answers – January 2011
LEVEL 6 - UNIT 5 – EQUITY & TRUSTS SUGGESTED ANSWERS – JANUARY 2011 Note to Candidates and Tutors: The purpose of the suggested answers is to provide students and tutors with guidance as to the key points students should have included in their answers to the January 2011 examinations. The suggested answers set out a response that a good (merit/distinction) candidate would have provided. The suggested answers do not for all questions set out all the points which students may have included in their responses to the questions. Students will have received credit, where applicable, for other points not addressed by the suggested answers. Students and tutors should review the suggested answers in conjunction with the question papers and the Chief Examiners’ reports which provide feedback on student performance in the examination. SECTION A 1(a) A decree of specific performance is a court order instructing a party to a contract to perform their obligations under that contract. Failure to comply is contempt of court. It is a precondition of a decree of specific performance that the remedy at law is inadequate. That remedy is generally damages. This is consistent with the role of equity within our legal system, as it developed to provide remedies for those who could not receive the assistance they required through the common law courts. Whether damages are an adequate remedy will depend on the subject matter of the contract. If a contract is for the sale and purchase of an item that is unique, no amount of damages will be able to make up for the fact that the purchaser will no longer receive the item they contracted for. -
Text, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts
TEXT, CASES AND MATERIALS ON EQUITY AND TRUSTS Fourth Edition Text, Cases and Materials on Equity and Trusts has been considerably revised to broaden the focus of the text in line with most LLB core courses to encompass equity, remedies and injunctions and to take account of recent major statutory and case law developments. The new edition features increased pedagogical support to outline key points and principles and improve navigation; ‘notes’ to encourage students to reflect on areas of complexity or controversy; and self-test questions to consolidate learning at the end of each chapter. New to this edition: • Detailed examination of The Civil Partnership Act 2004 and the Charities Act 2006. • Important case law developments such as Stack v Dowden (constructive trusts and family assets), Oxley v Hiscock (quantification of family assets), Barlow Clowes v Eurotrust (review of the test for dishonesty), Abou-Ramah v Abacha (dishonest assistance and change of position defence), AG for Zambia v Meer Care & Desai (review of the test for dishonesty), Re Horley Town Football Club (gifts to unincorporated association), Re Loftus (defences of limitation, estoppel and laches), Templeton Insurance v Penningtons Solicitors (Quistclose trust and damages), Sempra Metals Ltd v HM Comm of Inland Revenue (compound interest on restitution claims) and many more. • New chapters on the equitable remedies of specific performance, injunctions, rectification, rescission and account. • Now incorporates extracts from the Law Commission’s Reports and consultation papers on ‘Sharing Homes’ and ‘Trustee Exemption Clauses’ as well as key academic literature and debates. The structure and style of previous editions have been retained, with an emphasis on introduc- tory text and case extracts of sufficient length to allow students to develop analytical and critical skills in reading legal judgments. -
6FFLK003: Law of Trusts | King's College London
09/25/21 6FFLK003: Law of Trusts | King's College London 6FFLK003: Law of Trusts View Online 1. Mitchell, C., Hayton, D. J., Hayton, D. J., Marshall, O. R. & Marshall, O. R. Hayton and Mitchell commentary and cases on the law of trusts and equitable remedies. (Sweet & Maxwell, 2010). 2. Penner, J. E. The law of trusts. vol. Core text series (Oxford University Press, 2014). 3. Penner, J. E. The law of trusts. vol. Core text series (Oxford University Press, 2012). 4. Mitchell, C., Hayton, D. J., Hayton, D. J., Marshall, O. R. & Marshall, O. R. Hayton and Mitchell commentary and cases on the law of trusts and equitable remedies. (Sweet & Maxwell, 2010). 5. Senior Courts Act 1981. 6. Judicature Acts 1873-1875. 1/36 09/25/21 6FFLK003: Law of Trusts | King's College London 7. Mason, Anthony. Equity’s Role in the Twentieth Century. King’s College Law Journal 8, (1997). 8. Mitchell, C., Hayton, D. J., Hayton, D. J., Marshall, O. R. & Marshall, O. R. Hayton and Mitchell commentary and cases on the law of trusts and equitable remedies. (Sweet & Maxwell, 2010). 9. Andrew Burrows. We Do This at Common Law but That in Equity. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 22, 1–16 (2002). 10. Smith, L. Fusion and Tradition. in Equity in commercial law (Lawbook Co, 2005). 11. Penner, J. E. The law of trusts. vol. Core text series (Oxford University Press, 2012). 12. Mitchell, C., Hayton, D. J., Hayton, D. J., Marshall, O. R. & Marshall, O. R. Hayton and Mitchell commentary and cases on the law of trusts and equitable remedies. -
Clarendon Law Series
Clarendon law SerieS Edited by PaUl CRAIG Clarendon law SerieS The Anthropology of Law Philosophy of Private Law FERNANDA PIRIE WILLIAM LUCY Law and Gender Law in Modern Society JOANNE CONAGHAN DENIS GALLIGAN The Conflict of Laws (3rd edition) An Introduction to Tort Law ADRIAN BRIGGS (2nd edition) TONY WEIR The Concept of Law (3rd edition) H.L.A. HART Equity (2nd edition) With a Postscript edited by Penelope SARAH WORTHINGTON A. Bulloch and Joseph Raz Atiyah’s Introduction to the Law of With an Introduction and Notes by Contract (6th edition) Leslie Green STEPHEN A. SMITH, P.S. ATIYAH Land Law (2nd edition) Unjust Enrichment (2nd edition) ELIZABETH COOKE PETER BIRKS Administrative Law (5th edition) An Introduction to Family Law PETER CANE (2nd edition) Discrimination Law (2nd edition) GILLIAN DOUGLAS SANDRA FREDMAN Criminal Justice An Introduction to the Law of Trusts LUCIA ZEDNER (3rd edition) Contract Theory SIMON GARDNER STEPHEN A. SMITH Natural Law and Natural Rights Public Law (2nd edition) ADAM TOMKINS JOHN FINNIS Personal Property Law (3rd edition) Introduction to Company Law MICHAEL BRIDGE (2nd edition) PAUL DAVIES Law of Property (3rd edition) F.H. LAWSON AND Employment Law (2nd edition) BERNARD RUDDEN HUGH COLLINS An Introduction to Constitutional Law International Law ERIC BARENDT VAUGHAN LOWE Resulting Trusts Civil Liberties ROBERT CHAMBERS CONOR GEARTY Legal Reasoning and Legal Theory Intellectual Property NEIL MACCORMICK MICHAEL SPENCE Labour Legislation and Public Policy Policies and Perceptions of Insurance Law A Contemporary History in the Twenty-First Century (2nd edition) PAUL DAVIES AND MALCOLM CLARKE MARK FREEDLAND PerSonal ProPerty law FoUrth edition MiCHAEL BRIDGe FBa Bencher of the Middle Temple, Cassel Professor of Commercial Law, London School of Economics, and Professor of Law National University of Singapore Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. -
Moffat's Trusts Law Text and Materials Seventh Edition
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-79644-6 — Moffat's Trusts Law 7th Edition Frontmatter More Information Moffat’s Trusts Law Text and Materials Seventh Edition Always the serious student’s choice for a Trusts Law textbook, the new seventh edition of Moffat’s Trusts Law once again provides a clear examination of the rules of Trusts, retaining its hallmark combination of a contextualised approach and a commercial focus. The impact of statutory developments and a wealth of new cases – including the Supreme Court and Privy Council decisions in Patel v. Mirza [2016] UKSC 42, PJS v. News Group Newspapers Ltd [2016] UKSC, Burnden Holdings v. Fielding [2018] UKSC 14, and Federal Republic of Brazil v. Durant [2015] UKPC 35 – is explored. A streamlining of the chapters on charitable Trusts, better to align the book with the typical Trusts Law course, helps students understand the new directions being taken in the areas of Trust Law and equitable remedies. Jonathan Garton is a professor of Law at the University of Warwick. His main research interests are in the law of Trusts, with a particular focus on charities. Rebecca Probert is a professor of Law at the University of Exeter. She has published widely on both modern family law and its history. Gerry Bean is a partner at DLA Piper, one of the largest global law firms, where he practices in corporate law and M&A. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-79644-6 — Moffat's Trusts Law 7th Edition Frontmatter More Information The Law in Context Series Editors: William Twining (University College London), Maksymilian Del Mar (Queen Mary, University of London) and Bronwen Morgan (University of New South Wales). -
Proprietary Consequences in Defective Transfers of Ownership
PROPRIETARY CONSEQUENCES IN DEFECTIVE TRANSFERS OF OWNERSHIP PROPRIETARY CONSEQUENCES IN DEFECTIVE TRANSFERS OF OWNERSHIP S a m u e l Z o g g Cambridge – Antwerp – Chicago Intersentia Ltd 8 Wellington Mews Wellington Street | Cambridge CB1 1HW | United Kingdom Tel: +44 1223 736 170 Email: [email protected] www.intersentia.com | www.intersentia.co.uk Distribution for the UK and Rest of the World (incl. Eastern Europe) NBN International 1 Deltic Avenue, Rooksley Milton Keynes MK13 8LD United Kingdom Tel: +44 1752 202 301 | Fax: +44 1752 202 331 Email: [email protected] Distribution for Europe Intersentia Publishing nv Groenstraat 31 2640 Mortsel Belgium Tel: +32 3 680 15 50 Email: [email protected] Distribution for the USA and Canada Independent Publishers Group Order Department 814 North Franklin Street Chicago, IL 60610 USA Tel: +1 800 888 4741 (toll free) | Fax: +1 312 337 5985 Email: [email protected] Proprietary Consequences in Defective Transfers of Ownership © Samuel Zogg 2020 Th e author has asserted the right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, to be identifi ed as author of this work. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, without prior written permission from Intersentia, or as expressly permitted by law or under the terms agreed with the appropriate reprographic rights organisation. Enquiries concerning reproduction which may not be covered by the above should be addressed to Intersentia at the address above. Artwork on cover: El Lissitzky, Proun 30 t © bpk / Sprengel Museum Hannover / Michael Herling / Benedikt Werner ISBN 978-1-78068-824-4 D/2020/7849/44 NUR 822 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. -
Equity & Trusts
Equity & Trusts Family Property There is no concept of community of family property in English law. Husband and wife, and civil partners, do not automatically own half each of the family home and other assets. In determining whether property has been transferred or a trust created, we firstly consider whether an express trust has been created, failing that we look at a resulting trust and a constructive trust. Resulting Trust Resulting trusts are implied where a person transfers property or money to another in circumstances where it is unclear who owns the beneficial interest. The transferee holds the property or money on a resulting trust for the transferor. Lord Browne-Wilkinson confirmed that resulting trusts will arise only in certain cases (Westdeutsche): a)! Voluntary transfer/purchase money resulting trusts b)! Incomplete disposal of trust’s equitable interest Presumptions Presumption of a resulting trust: a)! Voluntary Transfer of Property: Where a person transfers property to another without consideration and no evidence as to the transferor’s intention, there will be a presumption of a resulting trust created in favour of the transferor (Thavorn). This does not apply to land (S60(3) LPA 1925) b)! Voluntary Transfer of Purchase Money: Where a person has made direct contributions to the purchase price of a property (e.g. deposit), it will be presumed that the transferee holds it (or part of it) on resulting trust for the transferor. Only payments at the time of acquisition give rise to a resulting trust (Curley v Parkes) 1 Equity & Trusts →! Curley v Parkes – Contribution to purchase price cannot just be legal fees or stamp duty →! Abrahams – Also applies to lottery syndicates →! Parrott v Parkin – Can be over chattels e.g. -
Rule of Law Symposium 2012
Finance, Property and Business Litigation in a Changing World 25-26 April 2013 Supreme Court Auditorium Organisers: Finance, Property and Business Litigation in a Changing World Plenary Session 2 Trusts and Proprietary Remedies Chairperson Mr Timothy Fancourt QC, Falcon Chambers Speakers The Honourable Judicial Commissioner Vinodh Coomaraswamy, Supreme Court of Singapore Professor Yeo Tiong Min SC, School of Law, Singapore Management University Mr Paul McGrath QC, Essex Court Chambers PROPRIETARY REMEDIES AFTER SINCLAIR V VERSAILLES PAUL McGRATH Q.C. Essex Court Chambers PROPRIETARY REMEDIES IN FRAUD • Litigation about commercial fraud increases in downturn in markets: Madoff, Stanford etc • Availability of proprietary remedies crucial part of armoury of litigator • In seeking to impose restrictions, CA decision in Sinclair v Versailles is disappointing • Also sets English law on a different path Paul McGrath Q.C. Essex Court Chambers FINANCE, PROPERTY AND BUSINESS LITIGATION IN A CHANGING WORLD What did it decide? • Rejected PC in A-G of Hong Kong v Reid in favour of CA in Lister v Stubbs • 䇾…a beneficiary of a fiduciary䇻s duties cannot claim a proprietary interest, but is entitled to an equitable account, in respect of any money or asset acquired by a fiduciary in breach of his duties to the beneficiary, unless the asset or money [A] is or [B] has been beneficially the property of the beneficiary or [C] the trustee acquired the asset or money by taking advantage of an opportunity or right which was properly that of the beneficiary.䇿 per Lord Neuberger MR • Need [A], [B] or [C] to be present for proprietary relief. -
Resulting Trusts
8 Resulting trusts 1 Introduction to resulting trusts (1) What are resulting trusts?1 The previous two chapters have examined the circumstances in which a trust relation- ship may be created by the deliberate intention and act of the settlor. Such trusts are known as ‘express trusts’. However, in some situations property will be regarded as subject to a trust despite the absence of any express intention on the part of the settlor. In English law ‘resulting trusts’ are one of the two main categories of such informal trusts, the other being that of ‘constructive trusts’. The circumstances in which prop- erty will become subject to a resulting trust were recently examined by the House of Lords in Westdeutsche Landesbank Girozentrale v Islington London Borough Council.2 Lord Browne-Wilkinson identified two circumstances in which a resulting trust would arise: ‘Under existing law a resulting trust arises in two sets of circumstances: (A) where A makes a voluntary payment to B or pays (wholly or in part) for the purchase of property which is vested either in B alone or in the joint names of A and B, there is a presumption that A did not intend to make a gift to B; the money or property is held on trust for A (if he is the sole provider of the money) or in the case of a joint purchaser by A and B in shares proportionate to their contributions. It is important to stress that this is only a presumption, which presumption is easily rebutted either by the counter presumption of advancement or by direct evidence of A’s intention to make an outright transfer . -
Front Matter
Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47308-8 — A Student's Guide to Equity and Trusts Judith Bray Frontmatter More Information A Student’s Guide to EQUITY AND TRUSTS This engaging introduction explores the key principles of equity and trusts law and offers students effective learning features. By covering the essentials of each topic, it ensures students have the foundations for successful fur- ther study. The law is made relevant to current practice through chapters that dei ne and explain key legal principles. Examples set the law in context and make the subject interesting and dynamic by showing how these rules apply in real life. Key points sections and summaries help students remember the cru- cial points of each topic, and practical exercises offer students the opportunity to apply the law. Exploring clearly and concisely the subject’s key principles, this should be every equity student’s i rst port of call. Judith Bray is Professor of Law at the University of Buckingham. She has taught property law and family law for many years, having previously quali- i ed as a barrister. She is the author of several student texts on land law and also a short casebook on equity and trusts. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47308-8 — A Student's Guide to Equity and Trusts Judith Bray Frontmatter More Information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47308-8 — A Student's Guide to Equity and Trusts Judith Bray Frontmatter -
Level 6 - Unit 5 – Equity & Trusts Suggested Answers – June 2010
LEVEL 6 - UNIT 5 – EQUITY & TRUSTS SUGGESTED ANSWERS – JUNE 2010 Note to Candidates and Tutors: The purpose of the suggested answers is to provide students and tutors with guidance as to the key points students should have included in their answers to the June 2010 examinations. The suggested answers set out a response that a good (merit/distinction) candidate would have provided. The suggested answers do not for all questions set out all the points which students may have included in their responses to the questions. Students will have received credit, where applicable, for other points not addressed by the suggested answers. Students and tutors should review the suggested answers in conjunction with the question papers and the Chief Examiners’ reports which provide feedback on student performance in the examination. SECTION A Question 1 This essay will consider the guidelines for establishing the liability of a defendant accused of dishonest assistance in a breach of trust or knowing receipt of trust property. It will argue that the guidelines for liability are clearer for assistance than they are for receipt. Actions against third parties (or “strangers to a trust”) are popular where the trustees are insolvent. Beneficiaries of a trust may also choose to pursue a third party if the third party is in possession of trust property or the proceeds of trust property and the value of that trust property or its proceeds has increased. Although a stranger is said to be liable as a constructive trustee, it is not necessary in cases of dishonest assistance to show that the stranger received trust property. -
Chapter 2 Presumed Resulting Trusts
Durham E-Theses The basis of the resulting trust: Academic theory and the courts Ife, Mark A. How to cite: Ife, Mark A. (2000) The basis of the resulting trust: Academic theory and the courts, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4253/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk THE BASIS OF THE RESULTING TRUST: ACADEMIC THEORY AND THE COURTS MARK A. IFE LL B. Tlic copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should he published in any form, including Electronic and the Internet, without the author's prior written consent. All information derived from this thesis must he acknowledged appropriately. MASTER OF JURISPRUDENCE UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM DEPARTMENT OF LAW 2000 I 7 JAN im) Contents Abstract I Title Page a Contents Hi Acknowledgements iv Table of cases V Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Presumed Resulting Trusts 6 Chapter 3: Possible Development of the Presumed Resulting Trust 28 Chapter 4: The Decision in Westdeutsche 44 Chapter 5: Automatic Resulting Trusts 66 Chapter 6: The True Basis of the Automatic Resulting Trust 74 Chapter 7: The Quistclose Resulting Trust 93 Chapters: Conclusions 105 Bibliography 111 The copyright in this thesis rests with the author.