DOCSLIB.ORG

Pmrs in Western Crete

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pmrs in Western Crete PMRs in Western Crete Costas A. THANOS1, Christini FOURNARAKI2, Kyriacos GEORGHIOU1 & 3 3 Panayotis DIMOPOULOS 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiop- olis, Athens 15784, Greece 2 Mediterranean Plant Conservation Unit, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh), 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece 3 Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, 2 Seferi str., 30100 Agrinio, Greece I. Introduction The objective of the Project CRETAPLANT (LIFE04NAT_GR_000104, Fig. 3.1) has been the creation of a pilot Plant Micro-Reserves Network in Western Crete (Chania Prefecture), on the trail of the pioneering experience of the Valencia Re- gion (Spain). The network is comprised by 7 reserves of an area less than 20 hectares each (Fig. 3.2, Table 3.1). Each reserve has been established on pub- lic land, within 4 NATURA 2000 sites and includes a signi cant part of (if not all) the population of the following targeted species of European Community priority: *Androcymbium rechingeri, *Anthemis glaberrima, *Bupleurum kakiskalae, *Cephalan- thera cucullata, *Hypericum aciferum, *Nepeta sphaciotica and the priority habitat 9370, *Palm groves of Phoenix. The Habitat and Species Directive 92/43/ EEC includes 28 plant species of Community priority for Greece: 8 of them grow in Crete, 6 in the Chania Prefecture (of which 5 ONLY in Cha- nia and nowhere else on the planet). Addition- ally, 4 habitat types of Community priority are found in Chania as well as 13 (out of a total of 239 for Greece) designated SITES OF COMMUNITY IM- Figure 3.1 The CRETAPLANT PORTANCE (SCI) within the framework of the Euro- logo: detail of a golden jewel pean Network NATURA 2000 (with a total area from the Early Minoan era (3rd millennium BC), resembling the corresponding to around 40% of the total land ower of Anthemis glaberrima, surface of the Chania Prefecture). It is therefore one of the project plants. 26 PLANT MICRO-RESERVES: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE Figure 3.2 The PMR network in Western Crete. Table 3.1 The network of Plant Micro-Reserves in Western Crete. (SF: surface, AL: altitude, NI: number of individuals of the plant-target, FL: number of plant taxa within the PMR, EN: number of endemic taxa in the PMR, HAB: number of habitat types, CS: Conservation Status of PMR, FV: Favourable, U2: Unfavourable - bad). obvious that Chania is privileged to host a signi cant biodiversity treasure of the Greek and European nature. The project was implemented in the period of 1.9.2004 - 31.12.2007 by the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens CHAPTER 3 PMRs in Western Crete 27 (Bene ciary), the Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania (MAICh), the Forest Directorate of Chania and the Regional Development Fund of Crete. The following short overview of the CRETAPLANT Project is mainly based on several previous publications and reports (Kargiolaki et al., 2007; Thanos et al., 2007; Di- mopoulos et al., 2008; Thanos, 2008). II. Preparatory Actions In the framework of the preparatory actions: (1) a detailed inventorying of the localities (more than 20) for the target species/habitats has taken place, the size of the population, the threats and the general ecotypic characteristics were es- timated and identi ed and the precise sites of the Plant Micro-Reserves have been proposed and subsequently adopted by the Scienti c Committee (e.g. Figs 3.3 & 3.4), (2) afterwards the detailed maps of the PMRs were drawn in a GIS digital system (e.g. Fig. 3.5), (3) in parallel, the monitoring plans were elabo- rated and included baseline reference data for every PMR as well as the fore- seen monitoring actions concerning the population size and its variation, the monitoring programmes and the speci c localities for the permanent monitor- ing plots, the ecotypic and meteorological conditions and the evaluation of the conservation status of the species, (4) nally, the management plans for every PMR were scrutinised and nalised, comprising the management measures and timing, for each case. In addition, two additional issues were pursued: (5) a mo- lecular, laboratory study for the determination of the genetic variability and the population structure of the target plants (which o ered original but preliminary data and points towards the necessity for a more detailed investigation) and (6) a study about the legal tools for the conservation and protection of nature in Figure 3.3 A general, outlined view of the Hypericum aciferum PMR, at the Fournoti beach, Libyan Sea. 28 PLANT MICRO-RESERVES: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE Figure 3.4 A partial view of the Phoenix theophrasti PMR, at the locality Aspri Limni, near Chryssoskalitissa Monastery. Figure 3.5 Map of the Nepeta sphaciotica PMR; contour is shown in red and population density values in a gradient of green shades. CHAPTER 3 PMRs in Western Crete 29 Greece, which resulted in the proposal of utilising the legal entity of the Wildlife Refuges. In the framework of the non-recurring management actions: (1) a prompt purchase of basic monitoring equipment took place – 4-wheel drive vehicle, 53 dataloggers of various meteorological parameters, 9 micro-stations of record- ing digital data, digital video camera and additional eld micro-equipment, (2) the permanent monitoring plots and meteorological micro-stations were estab- lished according to the Monitoring Plan, adapted in each case to the particu- larities of each PMR, (3) at the same time the establishment of the Plant Micro- Reserves took place in the eld, by placing borderline signs, fencing (only in the PMRs of Cephalanthera and Bupleurum, Fig. 3.6) and establishment of direction boards and information panels. Figure 3.7 The meteorological microsta- Figure 3.6 A caged Cephalanthera cucullata tion located in the open, scree part of the individual in ower. Cephalanthera cucullata PMR. III. Monitoring and Management In the framework of the recurring management actions: (1) monitoring activi- ties and mild management actions - micro-station maintenance and down- loading-elaboration of meteorological data (Fig. 3.7), population and habitat measurements in the permanent monitoring plots (Fig. 3.8), phytosociological and oristic recordings, small-scale activities such as individual fencing, arti cial pollination and outplanting of new plants) were implemented for the period 2006-7, (2) seeds from all plant-targets have been collected and consequently stored at the Seed Bank of MAICh (ex situ conservation) while protocols for seed germination and seedling cultivation were produced, (3) wardening of Plant Mi- cro-Reserves was implemented for the period 2006-7, by hiring and educating wardens from nearby villages. Table 3.1 shows important data for each PMR as well as the evaluation of their Conservation Status. CS for 6 of the plant species is favourable despite the 30 PLANT MICRO-RESERVES: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE Figure 3.8 Partial view of the Bupleurum kakiskalae PMR; the numbered yellow rectan- gles represent permanent, monitoring plots. threats faced. The only exception is the PMR Phoenix theophrasti; the popula- tion of this latter species is particularly small and excessively stressed as well; moreover, no production of fertile fruits and seeds has been observed so far and neither has any sign of natural regeneration. Population size for each of the 7 PMR plants clearly falls into two groups: (Α) Androcymbium rechingeri, An- themis glaberrima and Nepeta sphaciotica with considerably high numbers (and densities) of individuals and (Β) Bupleurum kakiskalae, Cephalanthera cucullata, Hypericum aciferum και Phoenix theophrasti with quite low numbers. Concern- ing the latter group, the extinction danger for these species is immediate while the high-numbered plants do face di culties, as well: Anthemis glaberrima, be- ing an annual, is expected (and found indeed) to exhibit large uctuations of its yearly seed production; Nepeta sphaciotica grows in adverse climatic conditions and, even worse, confronts a strong grazing pressure. Threats faced by the target plants and their PMRs are compiled and evaluat- ed in Table 3.2: grazing (or not unusually overgrazing), tourist development and the accompanying land use change (and loss of habitats), other human activities (trampling, plant over collection, vandalism etc), wild res and climatic change. These threats and pressures are considerably enhanced when combined either with the small size of certain populations, that may potentially lead to genetic erosion and species extinction (e.g. the cases of Bupleurum kakiskalae, Cepha- lanthera cucullata and Phoenix theophrasti) or with the biological characteristics of the target plants. As far as the latter issue is concerned, the annual Anthemis glaberrima has an expected (and recorded as well) inter-annual uctuation of population size; the monocarpic perennial Bupleurum kakiskalae owers and sets seeds only once during its lifetime (and then dies), thus a certain degree of natural regeneration (production of new seedlings) is of paramount importance CHAPTER 3 PMRs in Western Crete 31 TABLE 3.2 Threats faced by the PMRs of Western Crete. for the survival of the species; the orchid Cephalanthera cucullata owers only erratically (i.e. not yearly) and its regeneration is similarly problematical; nally, Phoenix theophrasti, at the Chrysoskalitissa area, has not been observed to pro- duce sound seeds or seedlings. The most serious threat of all is grazing and it a ects almost all target plants. Unfortunately, in the case of Nepeta sphaciotica it cannot be eliminated due to the exceptionally di cult access to the PMR area and both the adverse climatic conditions (snow cover, strong winds) and soil morphology that do not permit any long-lasting fencing construction works. On the other hand, however, in the cases of Bupleurum kakiskalae and Cephalanthera cucullata, fencing yielded spectacular results. In the former species, 83 young plants were recorded within a fenced enclosure, after only 2 years, which corresponds to almost doubling of its population.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • What Is a Tree in the Mediterranean Basin Hotspot? a Critical Analysis
    Médail et al. Forest Ecosystems (2019) 6:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40663-019-0170-6 RESEARCH Open Access What is a tree in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot? A critical analysis Frédéric Médail1* , Anne-Christine Monnet1, Daniel Pavon1, Toni Nikolic2, Panayotis Dimopoulos3, Gianluigi Bacchetta4, Juan Arroyo5, Zoltán Barina6, Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh7, Gianniantonio Domina8, Bruno Fady9, Vlado Matevski10, Stephen Mifsud11 and Agathe Leriche1 Abstract Background: Tree species represent 20% of the vascular plant species worldwide and they play a crucial role in the global functioning of the biosphere. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 world biodiversity hotspots, and it is estimated that forests covered 82% of the landscape before the first human impacts, thousands of years ago. However, the spatial distribution of the Mediterranean biodiversity is still imperfectly known, and a focus on tree species constitutes a key issue for understanding forest functioning and develop conservation strategies. Methods: We provide the first comprehensive checklist of all native tree taxa (species and subspecies) present in the Mediterranean-European region (from Portugal to Cyprus). We identified some cases of woody species difficult to categorize as trees that we further called “cryptic trees”. We collected the occurrences of tree taxa by “administrative regions”, i.e. country or large island, and by biogeographical provinces. We studied the species-area relationship, and evaluated the conservation issues for threatened taxa following IUCN criteria. Results: We identified 245 tree taxa that included 210 species and 35 subspecies, belonging to 33 families and 64 genera. It included 46 endemic tree taxa (30 species and 16 subspecies), mainly distributed within a single biogeographical unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Visa & Residence Permit Guide for Students
    Ministry of Interior & Administrative Reconstruction Ministry of Foreign Affairs Directorate General for Citizenship & C GEN. DIRECTORATE FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS Immigration Policy C4 Directorate Justice, Home Affairs & Directorate for Immigration Policy Schengen Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www.ypes.gr www.mfa.gr Visa & Residence Permit guide for students Index 1. EU/EEA Nationals 2. Non EU/EEA Nationals 2.a Mobility of Non EU/EEA Students - Moving between EU countries during my short-term visit – less than three months - Moving between EU countries during my long-term stay – more than three months 2.b Short courses in Greek Universities, not exceeding three months. 2.c Admission for studies in Greek Universities or for participation in exchange programs, under bilateral agreements or in projects funded by the European Union i.e “ERASMUS + (placement)” program for long-term stay (more than three months). - Studies in Greek universities (undergraduate, master and doctoral level - Participation in exchange programs, under interstate agreements, in cooperation projects funded by the European Union including «ERASMUS+ placement program» 3. Refusal of a National Visa (type D)/Rights of the applicant. 4. Right to appeal against the decision of the Consular Authority 5. Annex I - Application form for National Visa (sample) Annex II - Application form for Residence Permit Annex III - Refusal Form Annex IV - Photo specifications for a national visa application Annex V - Aliens and Immigration Departments Contacts 1 1. Students EU/EEA Nationals You will not require a visa for studies to enter Greece if you possess a valid passport from an EU Member State, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.
    [Show full text]
  • Androcymbium Rechingeri Greuter (1842) in Greece Androcymbium Rechingeri by Funding: Green Fund
    Project title: Management actions to achieve You can also contribute Favourable Conservation Status for the priority plant to the conservation of species of the Habitats Directive Androcymbium rechingeri Greuter (1842) in Greece Androcymbium rechingeri by Funding: Green Fund respecting the environment National Funding Programme: “NATURAL and the law ENVIRONMENT & INNOVATIVE ACTIONS 2020”, Priority Axis 1 «BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACTIONS» parking your vehicles outside the Budget: € 80.000 protected area Project implementation / Benefi ciary: CIHEAM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania keeping to the designated pathways (CIHEAM-MAICh) not removing or cutting wild plants Project duration: April 2020 - May 2022 Androcymbium rechingeri Acknowledgements: We thank the Municipalities of paper on recycled - Printing (CIHEAM-MAICh) of Chania Institute Agronomic Mediterranean Layout: not destroying the sand dunes Kissamos and Kantanos – Selino for their cooperation. We also thank the business owners at Falasarna beach for their A rare plant not leaving rubbish behind contribution to the conservation of the plant. in danger of extinction! informing others about this rare plant and how they can contribute to its conservation Decentralised Administration of Crete Forest Directorate of Chania By protecting the habitat Information of Androcymbium rechingeri we also protect other rare and threatened species found in the same Mediterranean Plant Conservation Unit, CIHEAM- MAICh, tel.: +30 28210 35053, e-mail: fl [email protected] fragile ecosystem. Management Body of Samaria National Park – West Crete, tel.: +30 28210 45570, e-mail: [email protected] Decentralised Administration of Crete – Forest Did you know? Directorate of Chania, tel.: +30 28210 84209, Gramvousa e-mail: [email protected] In Greece it is found Falasarna The leafl et can be downloaded from the project page on the website of CIHEAM-MAICh only on the west www.iamc.ciheam.org Bellevalia brevipedicellata Centaurea pumilio coast of Crete.
    [Show full text]
  • Phytochemical Investigation of Phoenix Canariensis Hort. Ex Chabaud Leaves and Pollen Grains
    Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 6 (12), pp. 103-109, December, 2016 Available online at http://www.japsonline.com DOI: 10.7324/JAPS.2016.601214 ISSN 2231-3354 Phytochemical investigation of Phoenix canariensis Hort. ex Chabaud leaves and pollen grains Mohamed S. Hifnawy, Amr M. K. Mahrous, Rehab M. S. Ashour* Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini 11562, Egypt. ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO Article history: Phoenix canariensis is a commonly grown, yet understudied, palm plant. The phytochemical screening of leaves Received on: 08/09/2016 and pollens revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, sterols and/or triterpenes. Quantitative Revised on: 09/10/2016 estimation of constituents, revealed that the total polyphenolics were higher in the leaves (69.9) than in pollens Accepted on: 22/11/2016 (29.98) expressed in mg gallic acid equivalent/g d.wt, the total flavonoids calculated as rutin equivalent were Available online: 28/12/2016 (23.86 mg/g) in leaves and (17.20 mg/g) in pollens, the total tannins content were 55.18 and 3.31 mg tannic acid equivalent/g fresh wt, while the total steroids content were 2.6 and 12.4 mg β-sitosterol equivalent/g d.wt, in Key words: leaves and pollens, respectively. Eighteen phenolic compounds and ten flavonoids were identified by HPLC. Phoenix canariensis, Lipids, GLC analysis of lipids, revealed the identification of phytosterols (4.93 and 28.90%), saturated (35.35 and Headspace volatiles, 40.56%) and unsaturated (62.42 and 59.01%) fatty acids in leaves and pollens, respectively. Proximate analysis Flavonoids, Phenolics, revealed a total moisture content of (6.4 and 7.7 %), crude fiber (32.22 and 39.50%), total ash (12.1 and 8.1%) Steroids.
    [Show full text]
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management of Water Resources in the Island of Crete, Greece
    water Review Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Management of Water Resources in the Island of Crete, Greece V. A. Tzanakakis 1,2,*, A. N. Angelakis 3,4 , N. V. Paranychianakis 5, Y. G. Dialynas 6 and G. Tchobanoglous 7 1 Hellenic Agricultural Organization Demeter (HAO-Demeter), Soil and Water Resources Institute, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece 2 Department of Agriculture, School of Agricultural Science, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Iraklion, 71410 Crete, Greece 3 HAO-Demeter, Agricultural Research Institution of Crete, 71300 Iraklion, Greece 4 Union of Water Supply and Sewerage Enterprises, 41222 Larissa, Greece; [email protected] 5 School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece; [email protected] 6 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 1678, Cyprus; [email protected] 7 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 12 April 2020; Accepted: 16 May 2020; Published: 28 May 2020 Abstract: Crete, located in the South Mediterranean Sea, is characterized by long coastal areas, varied terrain relief and geology, and great spatial and inter-annual variations in precipitation. Under average meteorological conditions, the island is water-sufficient (969 mm precipitation; theoretical water potential 3284 hm3; and total water use 610 hm3). Agriculture is by far the greatest user of water (78% of total water use), followed by domestic use (21%). Despite the high average water availability, water scarcity events commonly occur, particularly in the eastern-south part of the island, driven by local climatic conditions and seasonal or geographical mismatches between water availability and demand.
    [Show full text]
  • Chamaerops Humilis Chamaerops Is a Genus of Flowering Plants in the Palm Family Arecaceae
    Chamaerops humilis Chamaerops is a genus of flowering plants in the palm family Arecaceae. The only currently fully accepted species is Chamaerops humilis, variously called European fan palm or the Mediterranean dwarf palm. It is one of the most cold-hardy palms and is used in landscaping in temperate climates. Taxonomy Apart from the fully accepted Chamaerops humilis, there are a few taxa of unresolved status plus numerous species synonymised under Chamaerops humilis. The genus Chamaerops is closely related to the genus Trachycarpus. The genera differ in that Trachycarpus lacks the clumping habit only forms single stems without basal suckers), the spiny leaf stems (spineless in Trachycarpus), and in small details of the flower anatomy. Description Chamaerops humilis is a shrub-like clumping palm, with several stems growing from a single base. It has an underground rhizome which produces shoots with palmate, sclerophyllous leaves. The stems grow slowly and often tightly together, eventually reaching 2–5 m (10–20 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of 20–25 cm (8–10 in). The petioles are armed with numerous sharp, needle-like spines; these may protect the stem growing point from browsing animals. The flowers are borne in dense, short inflorescences at the tops of the stems. The plants usually, but not invariably, are dioecious with male and female flowers on separate plants. The number of flowers per inflorescence is highly variable for both male and female plants, depending on the size of the inflorescence. The seed (usually 0.6–0.8 g) contains a small cylindrical embryo, which is surrounded by several layers, from inner to outer as follows: a nutritious endosperm, a wide woody layer or endocarp, a fleshy and fibrous mesocarp (the pulp), and the thin outer layer or exocarp.
    [Show full text]
  • A Brief History of the Origin of Domesticated Date Palms
    A brief history of the origin of domesticated date palms Gros-Balthazard, Muriel 1 & Flowers, Jonathan M.1 1 Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Abstract The study of the origins of crops is of interest from both a fundamental evolutionary understanding viewpoint, and from an applied agricultural technology perspective. The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the iconic fruit crop of hot and arid regions of North Africa and the Middle East, producing sugar-rich fruits, known as dates. There are many different cultivars each with distinctive fruit traits, and there are many wild Phoenix species too, which in total form a complex of related species. The understanding of plant domestication involves multiple disciplines, including phylogeography, population genetics and archaeology. In the past decade, they have prompted new discoveries on the evolutionary history of date palm, but a complete understanding of its origins remains to be elucidated, along with the genetic architecture of its domestication syndrome. In this chapter, we review the current state of the art regarding the origins of the domesticated date palm. We first discuss whether date palms are domesticated, and highlight how they diverge from their wild Phoenix relatives. We then outline patterns in the population genetic and archaeobotanical data, and review different models for the origins of domesticated date palms by highlighting sources of evidence that are either consistent or inconsistent with each model. We then review the process of date palm domestication, and emphasize the human activities that have prompted its domestication. We particularly focus on the evolution of fruit traits.
    [Show full text]
  • Hellenic Plant Protection Journal -10465
    Hellenic Plant Protection Journal 10: 46-50, 2017 DOI 10.1515/hppj-2017-0005 SHORT COMMUNICATION Can high pest pressure of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus beat the defense of Phoenix theophrasti? O. Melita, V. Gkounti, D. Kontodimas, D. Papachristos and F. Karamaouna* Summary The Cretan date palm, Phoenix theophrasti, is a less susceptible and suitable host for the red palm weevil compared to the Canary palm, P. canariensis, even at high pest pressure. Nevertheless, P. theophrasti is not invulnerable to the red palm weevil, hence under continuous and high pest pres- sure young off shoots/palms can be deadly infested. The slow development of the insect in the Cretan date palm should probably allow a larger ‘window of time’ for an eff ective plant protection manage- ment against the pest. Additional keywords: Cretan palm, pest density, suitability, susceptibility Introduction that a gummy secretion observed in infest- ed palms indicates the existence of antibio- The red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrug- sis in this species. Kontodimas et al. (2006) ineus (Olivier) was recorded for the fi rst time reported that development of R. ferrugineus in Greece in November 2005 in the island of adults and their emergence was possible at Crete (Kontodimas et al., 2007). Since then, P. theophrasti seedlings after exposure to 6 the pest was established all over the coun- females/palm (simultaneous presence of try, causing severe damage to ornamen- 6 males) in laboratory conditions 26oC and tal palm trees occurring in urban and natu- 16:8 L:D. The current study aimed at assess- ral landscape areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Ornithogalum Insulare (Hyacinthaceae): a New Species from the Cretan Area (S
    42 (1): (2018) 117-122 Original Scientific Paper Ornithogalum insulare (Hyacinthaceae): A new species from the Cretan area (S. Aegean, Greece) Zacharias Kypriotakis1, Eleftheria Antaloudaki2✳ and Dimitris Tzanoudakis3 1 Technological Education Institute of Heraklion, School of Agricultural Technology, Stavromenos, P. O. Box 140, GR-71004 Heraklion, Greece 2 Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Crete, GR-70013 Heraklion, Greece 3 Division of Plant Biology, Department of Biology, University of Patras, GR-2650 Patras, Greece ABSTRacT: Ornithogalum insulare collected from three offshore islets of Crete is described as a species new to science. It is illustrated and compared with other related species of the genus. Information regarding its chromosome number (2n = 44) and karyotype is also provided. Keywords: Ornithogalum subg. Beryllis, Aegean flora, chromosome number, conservation, new species Received: 27 March 2017 Revision accepted: 07 July 2017 UDC: 38(495.9):581.96(582.52) DOI: INTRODUCTION shore islets of Crete, e.g., Anthemis glaberrima (Rech. f.) Greuter, Prospero talosii (Tzanoud. & Kypr.) Speta, and The Aegean archipelago is one of the largest archipela- Allium platakisii Tzanoud. & Kypriotakis. gos in the world, since it hosts more than 7000 islands The material of Ornithogalum described here as a and islets (Triantis & Mylonas 2009). Large islands species new to science was first collected from the small and small islets form a labyrinthine mosaic strongly af- islet of Psira, off the north coast of eastern Crete. Based fecting plant distribution patterns in this area. The flo- on its morphology, the collected material showed af- ristic composition of small islets is characterised, and finities with taxa of Ornithogalum subg.
    [Show full text]
  • G2.5A South-Aegean Phoenix Grove
    European Red List of Habitats - Forests Habitat Group G2.5a South-Aegean Phoenix grove Summary The tertiary relict Phoenix theophrasti woods of Crete and south-western Anatolia are restricted to damp, mostly sandy coastal valleys below 250 m, either on the banks of fresh or brackish waters, or in seasonally or episodically flooded coastal valleys. The most significant threat is from manipulation of ground-water for irrigation of horticulture and there is some pressure by domestic animals and tourism. The naturalness of the Phoenix stands can also be affected by planted Eucalyptus and too frequent fires can be damaging. Control of all these threats is required for conservation. Synthesis The habitat, although having a very restricted range and area, is assessed at the Least Concern status, because no decline has been recorded to the extent and the quality characteristics of the habitat over the last 50 years and no threats are foreseen for the near future. Overall Category & Criteria EU 28 EU 28+ Red List Category Red List Criteria Red List Category Red List Criteria Least Concern - Least Concern - Sub-habitat types that may require further examination All the Aegean palm groves with Phoenix theophrasti have been assigned to the Nerio-Tamaricetea vegetation and are restricted to semiarid climate (generally with 400-600 mm annual precipitation). The habitat might be differentiated in two ecological subtypes: a) a riparian subtype (with the palm forming temporarily inundated gallery forest along permanent fresh or brackish waters), b) a subtype occuring on seasonally or episodically flooded coastal valleys. In the latter, the palm trees are generally more scattered, and they may be restricted to rocky low slopes.
    [Show full text]
  • Mortuary Variability in Early Iron Age Cretan Burials
    MORTUARY VARIABILITY IN EARLY IRON AGE CRETAN BURIALS Melissa Suzanne Eaby A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Classics. Chapel Hill 2007 Approved by: Donald C. Haggis Carla M. Antonaccio Jodi Magness G. Kenneth Sams Nicola Terrenato UMI Number: 3262626 Copyright 2007 by Eaby, Melissa Suzanne All rights reserved. UMI Microform 3262626 Copyright 2007 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1346 © 2007 Melissa Suzanne Eaby ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT MELISSA SUZANNE EABY: Mortuary Variability in Early Iron Age Cretan Burials (Under the direction of Donald C. Haggis) The Early Iron Age (c. 1200-700 B.C.) on Crete is a period of transition, comprising the years after the final collapse of the palatial system in Late Minoan IIIB up to the development of the polis, or city-state, by or during the Archaic period. Over the course of this period, significant changes occurred in settlement patterns, settlement forms, ritual contexts, and most strikingly, in burial practices. Early Iron Age burial practices varied extensively throughout the island, not only from region to region, but also often at a single site; for example, at least 12 distinct tomb types existed on Crete during this time, and both inhumation and cremation were used, as well as single and multiple burial.
    [Show full text]