Opposite Shell-Coiling Morphs of the Tropical Land Snail Amphidromus Martensi Show No Spatial-Scale Effects
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Balea Perversa (L.), Un Escargot Peu Courant Et En Raréfaction Photo Pierre-Olivier COCHARD
Balea perversa (L.), un escargot peu courant et en raréfaction Photo Pierre-Olivier COCHARD Description de l’espèce Balea perversa (LINNAEUS, 1758) est un escargot terrestre de taille modeste, 8 à 10 mm de long pour 2,2 mm de large (KERNEY & CAMERON, 1999). Il fait partie de la famille des Clausiliidae. Les Clausiliidae se reconnaissent à leurs coquilles beaucoup plus longues que larges, généralement fusiformes, et leur enroulement sénestre (enroulement vers la gauche), phénomène très peu courant chez les mollusques. Cette famille est très diversifiée dans l’Est de l’Europe, les zones de montagnes en France, et n’est plus représentée dans l’Ouest de la France que par quelques espèces. En Normandie, environ 5 espèces sont actuellement connues, une ou deux autres signalées Photo Pierre-Olivier COCHARD Contrefort de Torigni 48 L’Argiope n°50 anciennement. La détermination du genre Clausilia, le genre le plus distribué dans la région, est un véritable casse-tête. Si tous les autres Clausiliidae de la Manche ont une coquille fusiforme, qui a son tour le plus large un peu au-dessous du milieu, B. perversa est une exception. Sa coquille est étroitement conique (sa partie la plus large se situe à la base). Autres exceptions, l’ouverture (la « bouche ») est sans dents (les Clausilia et Macrogastra en ont plusieurs), l’intérieur de la coquille ne présente pas de clausilium, sorte de lame calcaire en forme de cuillière. Enfin précision importante : l’épithète spécifique ne sous-entend rien d’autre de pervers chez cette espèce, que sa particularité inhabituelle d’être enroulée vers la gauche. -
EAZA Best Practice Guidelines for Polynesian Tree Snails (Partula Spp)
EAZA Best Practice Guidelines for Polynesian tree snails (Partula spp) Edition 1.0 Publication date June 2019 Partula Snail EEP Species Committee Editor Dave Clarke, ZSL 2019_Partula sp_EAZA Best Practice Guidelines EAZA Best Practice Guidelines for Polynesian tree snails (Partula spp) Terrestrial Invertebrate Taxon Advisory Group TITAG Chair: Mark Bushell, Bristol Zoo Gardens, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 3HA [email protected] TITAG Vice-Chairs: Tamás Papp, Chester Zoo, Moston Rd, Upton, Chester CH2 1EU. [email protected] & Vítek Lukáš, Zoo Praha, U Trojského zámku 3/120, 171 00 Praha 7, Czechia. [email protected] EEP Co-ordinator: Paul Pearce-Kelly, ZSL [email protected] EEP Studbook keeper: Sam Aberdeen, ZSL [email protected] Edition 1.0 Publication date June 2019 (based on global Management Guidelines document Nov 2007 eds Pearce-Kelly, Blake, Goellner & Snider) Editor Dave Clarke, ZSL [email protected] Citation - Clarke, D., EAZA Best Practice Guidelines for Partula snails. EAZA 2019 We acknowledge the invaluable input of all Partula snail EEP Species Committee members, SSP colleagues and global participating Partula collections. EAZA Best Practice Guidelines disclaimer Copyright (June 2019) by EAZA Executive Office, Amsterdam. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in hard copy, machine-readable or other forms without advance written permission from the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA). Members of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) may copy this information for their own use as needed. The information contained in these EAZA Best Practice Guidelines has been obtained from numerous sources believed to be reliable. -
A New Species and New Genus of Clausiliidae (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora) from South-Eastern Hubei, China
Folia Malacol. 29(1): 38–42 https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.029.004 A NEW SPECIES AND NEW GENUS OF CLAUSILIIDAE (GASTROPODA: STYLOMMATOPHORA) FROM SOUTH-EASTERN HUBEI, CHINA ZHE-YU CHEN1*, KAI-CHEN OUYANG2 1School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, China (e-mail: [email protected]); https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-8906 2College of Horticulture & Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, China *corresponding author ABSTRACT: A new clausiliid species, in a newly proposed genus, Probosciphaedusa mulini gen. et sp. nov. is described from south-eastern Hubei, China. The new taxon is characterised by having thick and cylindrical apical whorls, a strongly expanded lamella inferior and a lamella subcolumellaris that together form a tubular structure at the base of the peristome, and a dorsal lunella connected to both the upper and the lower palatal plicae. Illustrations of the new species are provided. KEY WORDS: new species, new genus, systematics, Phaedusinae, central China INTRODUCTION In the past decades, quite a few authors have con- south-eastern Hubei, which is rarely visited by mala- ducted research on the systematics of the Chinese cologists or collectors, and collected some terrestrial Clausiliidae. Their research hotspots were mostly molluscs. Among them, a clausiliid was identified located in southern China, namely the provinces as a new genus and new species, and its respective Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi descriptions and illustrations are presented herein. and parts of Guangdong and Hubei, which have a Although some molecular phylogenetic studies have rich malacofauna (GREGO & SZEKERES 2011, 2017, focused on the Phaedusinae in East Asia (MOTOCHIN 2019, 2020, HUNYADI & SZEKERES 2016, NORDSIECK et al. -
Presencia De Balea Heydeni Von Maltzan, 1881 (Gastropoda
Spira 6 (2016) 91–93 http://www.molluscat.com/spira.html Presencia de Balea heydeni von Maltzan, 1881 (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) en Cantabria Jesús Ruiz Cobo1 & Sergio Quiñonero Salgado2,* 1Grupo de Espeleología e Investigaciones Subterráneas CarballoRaba, c/ Alcalde Arche s/n, 39600 Muriedas, Cantabria, Spain; 2Associació Catalana de Malacologia, Museu Blau, Plaça Leonardo da Vinci 45, 08019 Barcelona, Spain. Rebut el 5 de juliol de 2016 Acceptat el 2 d’octubre de 2016 © Associació Catalana de Malacologia (2016) Balea heydeni von Maltzan, 1881 es un molusco gasterópodo guignat, 1857 como un sinónimo de B. heydeni que tendría priori terrestre, perteneciente a la familia Clausiliidae, distribuido por dad. Sin embargo, por las razones aducidas por Gittenberger (2010) y buena parte del suroeste de Europa (Cadevall & Orozco, 2016). En Bank (2011), consideramos que el nombre correcto es Balea lucifuga España se conoce su presencia en Galicia y Asturias (Gittenberger Gray, 1824 (con distinta autoría), y que éste debe considerarse un et al., 2006; MartinezOrtí, 2006; Cadevall & Orozco, 2016). Aunque sinónimo posterior de Balea perversa. en Cantabria se ha citado Balea perversa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Altonaga Damos a conocer aquí la presencia de B. heydeni en las siguien et al., 1994; Cadevall & Orozco, 2016), a pesar de disponerse de un tes 18 localidades de Cantabria (Figuras 1–2). En todas ellas se en buen número de muestreos distribuidos por Cantabria, no hemos lo contraron conchas vacías en buen estado de conservación. Son las calizado esta especie. Todos los ejemplares del género Balea J.E Gray, siguientes, ordenadas aproximadamente de oeste a este: 1824 recolectados corresponden a B. -
Status of Tree Snails (Gastropoda: Partulidae) on Guam, with a Resurvey of Sites Studied by H
Pacific Science (1992), vol. 46, no. 1: 77-85 © 1992 by University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved Status of Tree Snails (Gastropoda: Partulidae) on Guam, with a Resurvey of Sites Studied by H. E. Crampton in 19201 DAVID R. HOPPER 2 AND BARRY D. SMITH 2 ABSTRACT: Tree snails of the family Partulidae have declined on Guam since World War II. One species, indigenous to the western Pacific, Partu/a radio/ata, is still locally common along stream courses in southern areas of the island. The Mariana Island endemic Samoanajragilis is present but not found in abundance anywhere on Guam. Partu/a gibba, another Mariana endemic, is currently known only from one isolated coastal valley along the northwestern coast, and appears to be in a state ofdecline. The Guam endemic Partu/a sa/ifana was not found in areas where it had been previously collected by earlier researchers, and is thus believed to be extinct. The decline and extinction ofthese snails are related to human activities. The single most important factor is likely predation by snails that were introduced as biological control agents for the giant African snail, Achatina ju/ica. The current, most serious threat is probably the introduced flatworm P/atydemus manokwari. This flatworm is also the likely cause of extinctions ofother native and introduced gastropods on Guam and may be the most important threat to the Mariana Partulidae. TREE SNAILS OF TROPICAL PACIFIC islands have 1970). With the exception of the partulids of been of interest since early exploration of the Society Islands, all are lacking study. -
Comparative Analysis of Chromosome Counts Infers Three Paleopolyploidies in the Mollusca
GBE Comparative Analysis of Chromosome Counts Infers Three Paleopolyploidies in the Mollusca Nathaniel M. Hallinan* and David R. Lindberg Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. Accepted: 8 August 2011 Abstract The study of paleopolyploidies requires the comparison of multiple whole genome sequences. If the branches of a phylogeny on which a whole-genome duplication (WGD) occurred could be identified before genome sequencing, taxa could be selected that provided a better assessment of that genome duplication. Here, we describe a likelihood model in which the number of chromosomes in a genome evolves according to a Markov process with one rate of chromosome duplication and loss that is proportional to the number of chromosomes in the genome and another stochastic rate at which every chromosome in the genome could duplicate in a single event. We compare the maximum likelihoods of a model in which the genome duplication rate varies to one in which it is fixed at zero using the Akaike information criterion, to determine if a model with WGDs is a good fit for the data. Once it has been determined that the data does fit the WGD model, we infer the phylogenetic position of paleopolyploidies by calculating the posterior probability that a WGD occurred on each branch of the taxon tree. Here, we apply this model to a molluscan tree represented by 124 taxa and infer three putative WGD events. In the Gastropoda, we identify a single branch within the Hypsogastropoda and one of two branches at the base of the Stylommatophora. -
The Importance of Itaboraí Basin (Paleocene) As the Home to Early Records of Many Pulmonate Snail Families
THE IMPORTANCE OF ITABORAÍ BASIN (PALEOCENE) AS THE HOME TO EARLY RECORDS OF MANY PULMONATE SNAIL FAMILIES Rodrigo Brincalepe Salvador¹ ^$:C0:RQ`8`QR`1$Q8G$I:1C8HQI_ , Luiz Ricardo Lopes de Simone¹ ^C`$1IQJV%$]8G`_ ¹Universidade de São Paulo, Museu de Zoologia (MZUSP) RESUMO INTRODUCTION Os calcários da Bacia de Itaboraí The limestone formation of the Itaboraí (Paleoceno Médio a Superior), Rio de Janeiro, Basin at São José de Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, são famosos por sua abundante fauna ,4#&65#-5..,5%()1(535#.-5/((.5'''&#(5 de mamíferos, mas também possuem uma rica fauna (Bergqvist et al 865hfflC85)10,65."#-5.#(35 fauna de 17 espécies de gastrópodes pulmonados. -#(5&-)5",),-55,#"5 /(5) 51&&7*,-,05 Os registros fósseis mais antigos das famílias pulmonate snails: 18 species have been described Orthalicidae e Strophocheilidae são de Itaboraí. .)5 .65 '#(&35 #(5 /&#'/&#I,."&##5 Cerionidae, Clausiliidae, Ellobiidae e Urocoptidae B#!85 g:5 #')(5 ;5 44&#,65 goojC85 )&&)1#(!5 não possuem representantes vivos que chegam tão mammal correlations, the Itaboraí limestones are ao sul da América do Sul como no Rio de Janeiro; ()15 !,5 .)5 5 ) 5 **,5 &)(5 &.")/!"5 além disso, os registros de Charopidae, Clausiliidae, the S1 stratigraphic sequence sensu Medeiros Cerionidae, Urocoptidae e Vertiginidae estão ;5 ,!+0#-.5 BgoooC65 1",5 &&5 ')&&/--5 (5 5 entre os mais antigos conhecidos no mundo. found, has been considered as Middle Paleocene Considerando esse registro tão diverso, é estranho (Medeiros & Bergqvist, 1999). Some of the que essa fauna seja pouco conhecida, já que pode molluscan species found in sequence S1 can also ajudar a responder diversas perguntas sobre 5 )/(5#(5-+/(5h651",5."5'$),#.35) 5 biogeografia e sistemática. -
Zootaxa, New Orthalicidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from Venezuelan
Zootaxa 2065: 25–50 (2009) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2009 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) New Orthalicidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from Venezuelan Guayana: unravelling secrets from the Lost World ABRAHAM S.H. BREURE National Museum of Natural History / Naturalis, P.O. Box 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Land snails of the family Orthalicidae from Venezuelan Guayana are revised and the following new species are described: Drymaeus (D.) rex, Plekocheilus (Eurytus) huberi, P. (E.) nebulosus, P. (E.) sophiae, and P. (E.) tepuiensis. Drymaeus (D.) griffini Haas, 1955 is now placed in the synonymy of D. (D.) extraneus (Haas, 1955). In addition, the genitalia of Plekocheilus (Eurytus) tatei Haas, 1955 are described for the first time. Plekocheilus (Eudolichotis) gibber (Oberwimmer, 1931) is now considered a member of P. (Eurytus). As a consequence, Antitragus Oberwimmer, 1931 is now regarded a junior synonym of Eurytus Albers, 1850. Of the 16 taxa treated here, 14 are endemic to the table-top mountains (‘tepuis’) of this area. A Principal Component Analysis has been used to study the biotic and abiotic factors that may influence species diversity and distributions. Habitat diversity explained 65% of the variability and was mainly influenced by plant diversity, number of forest types, elevation and slope area of the tepuis. Key words: Mollusca, Orthalicidae, Bulimulinae, Plekocheilus, Drymaeus, systematics, new species, new synonymy, endemism, distribution, Venezuela Introduction Venezuelan Guayana has long been a mysterious area, their table-top mountains (‘tepuis’) considered sacred places by the indigenous Pemon communities (Huber 1995b). -
The Status of the Endemic Snails of the Genus Partula (Gastropoda: Partulidae) on Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia
Micronesica 41(2):253–262, 2011 The status of the endemic snails of the genus Partula (Gastropoda: Partulidae) on Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Peltin Olter Pelep and Michael G. Hadfield Kewalo Marine Laboratory Pacific Biosciences Research Center; University of Hawaii at Manoa 41 Ahui Street; Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA Abstract—Approximately 21 terrestrial snail species are endemic to Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM). The only extensive sur- veys for terrestrial snails on the island were carried out by Y. Kondo in 1936. Subsequently, forests have been destroyed and non-native preda- tors have taken their toll on the gastropod fauna, and its current status is unknown. The present study focused on Partula guamensis and P. emersoni, two of approximately 120 species in the family Partulidae dis- persed across the tropical Pacific Islands. Over 40 different localities on Pohnpei were extensively searched between August 2005 and May 2006 and between May and July 2008 to assess the status of the two Partula species. The habitats searched were mixed agro-forest, disturbed forest, rain forest and cloud forest, ranging from sea level to the highest peaks and ridges on the island. No living partulid snails were found, and the only shells collected, those of Partula guamensis, were old and eroded. The absence of living partulid snails, once apparently very abundant, is a warning of the possible extinction of the entire terrestrial snail fauna of Pohnpei. Introduction The snail family Partulidae includes approximately 120 species scattered DFURVV WKH LVODQGV RI WKH WURSLFDO 3DFLILF 2FHDQ 7KH YDVW PDMRULW\ a IDOO within the genus Partula and are distributed from the Northern Mariana Islands and Palau, in the west, to the Society Islands in the eastern tropical Pacific (Cowie 1992). -
Investigating Causes of Population Decline in Captive Partula Clara And
Investigating causes of population decline in captive Partula clara and Partula tohiveana Polynesian snails Ana Gouveia, Roamin Pizzi, Paul Pearce-Kelly, Donald MacFarlane, Dave Clarke, Shaheed MacGregor, Belinda Clark and Wayne Boardman. Zoological Society of London Abstract Partula species Polynesian tree snails are small Molluscs belonging to the class Gastropoda, order Stylommatophora, family Partulidae. They are a unique genus endemic to the Pacific region and more specifically to the Society Islands. There are over one hundred species of Partula snails described with 79 species on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. Fifty species are currently classified as extinct, 14 as extinct in the wild and 15 as critically endangered. Wild populations have declined since the introduction of a predatory snail, Euglandina rosea, introduced to control the also introduced Giant African land snail (Achatina fulica) which had become an agricultural pest. The London Zoo co-ordinates a worldwide captive breeding programme for Partula snails and occasional high mortality rates have occurred in a variety of species. While the extinction of Partula turgida in captivity has been postulated to have been due to a Microsoridian infection investigations in to the majority of other captive Partula species population declines have failed to identify causative diseases. A study of the population dynamics of a habitat generalist and a habitat specialist Partula species and the daily minimum and maximum temperature and humidly over a three year period was performed. At the same time histopathology of dead snails was performed to help eliminate the possibility of infectious diseases playing a role in the population declines. -
Euglandina Rosea Global Invasive
FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Euglandina rosea Euglandina rosea System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Mollusca Gastropoda Stylommatophora Spiraxidae Common name Rosige Wolfsschnecke (German), rosy wolf snail (English), cannibal snail (English) Synonym Similar species Summary The carnivorous rosy wolfsnail Euglandina rosea was introduced to Indian and Pacific Ocean Islands from the 1950s onwards as a biological control agent for the giant African snail (Achatina fulica). E. rosea is not host specific meaning that native molluscs species are at risk of expatriatioin or even extinction if this mollusc-eating snail is introduced. Partulid tree snails of the French Polynesian Islands were particularly affected; having evolved separately from each other in isolated valleys, many Partulid tree snails have been lost and today almost all the survivors exist only in zoos. view this species on IUCN Red List Species Description The shell is large (up to 76 mm in height, 27.5 mm in diameter), thick and has prominent growth lines (University of Florida 2009). The shape of the shell is fusiform with a narrow ovate-lunate aperture and a truncated columella; typically, the shell color is brownish-pink (University of Florida 2009). Adult Euglandina grow from about seven to 10 cm long (Clifford et al. 2003). Habitat Description Euglandina rosea is usually found singly in hardwood forests, roadsides and urban gardens in its native range in Florida (Hubricht 1985, University of Florida 2009). Reproduction Euglandina rosea is a cross-fertilising egg-laying hermaphrodite. Chiu and Chou (1962, in Univeristy of Florida 2009) gave details of the biology of Euglandina in Taiwan. Individuals live up to 24 months. -
The Tree Snail on Rota Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Long Identified As Partula Gibba (Partulidae), Is a Different Species
ZooKeys 1037: 105–118 (2021) A peer-reviewed open-access journal doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1037.56303 RESEARCH ARTICLE https://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The tree snail on Rota Island, Northern Mariana Islands, long identified as Partula gibba (Partulidae), is a different species David R. Sischo1,2, Michael G. Hadfield1 1 Kewalo Marine Laboratory, Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, 41 Ahui St., Honolulu, 96813 Hawai‘i, USA 2 Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, State of Hawai‘i, 1151 Punchbowl St. Rm. 325, Honolulu, 96813 Hawai‘i, USA Corresponding author: David R. Sischo ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Backeljau | Received 8 July 2020 | Accepted 13 March 2021 | Published 17 May 2021 http://zoobank.org/CE4FE521-0DEC-485F-863E-32CB91BAAA67 Citation: Sischo DR, Hadfield MG (2021) The tree snail on Rota Island, Northern Mariana Islands, long identified as Partula gibba (Partulidae), is a different species. ZooKeys 1037: 105–118.https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1037.56303 Abstract Tree snails in the family Partulidae are widespread across the tropical Pacific, with endemic species oc- curring on most high islands. Partulid species have faced catastrophic range reductions and extinctions due primarily to introduced predators. Consequently, most extant species are threatened with imminent extinction. The U.S. administered Mariana Islands, consisting of Guam in the South and the Com- monwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) in the north, historically harbored six endemic partulid species, half of which are thought to be extinct. While conducting a phylogenetic assessment of Partula gibba, an extant tree-snail with a range spanning at least seven islands within the archipelago, it was discovered that what has been identified as P.