Ghent puts knowledge to work Tom Dhaenens ©

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4 Ghent puts

Knowledge, knowledge a driver for to work prosperity p 7

A dense network Investing in the of knowledge Ghent knowledge actors region

p 17 p 39

Living and working in Ghent

p 57

4 5 6 The importance of knowledge as a The City of Ghent has therefore set Knowledge, resource for social development and itself the goal of joining forces and is economic activity is huge. Knowledge is turning the conurbation into a powerful a driver for gaining more and more importance in knowledge region. both the industry and services sectors. prosperity

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8 Knowledge, a driver for A smart growth prosperity strategy p 11

From efficiency to Get to know innovation through Ghent knowledge

p 11 p 12

A never-ending Working in a influx of new talent knowledge- intensive city p 14 p 14

Room for innovation

p 14

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10 Knowledge, a driver for prosperity From efficiency to innovation A smart growth strategy through knowledge

Life is good in Flanders. Having paid great Flanders has chosen to switch to an In Flanders, we therefore spare no effort to find attention to efficiency and increased productivity innovation-driven economy, based on the ways to translate R&D results into concrete levels, over the past decades we have produced valorization of the available knowledge. market applications. In this process, we also seek to involve as many foreign companies and knowledge more wealth than the other Belgian regions, In this growth strategy, creativity and workers as possible, because we believe that neighboring countries and the rest of Europe. entrepreneurship are important conditions for competitiveness. Investing in the application of working together leads to a win-win situation for all. On a global scale, our high labor productivity has knowledge and innovation, in the broadest sense, The location of Flanders in the heart of even elevated Flanders to the status of productivity is required to ensure sustainable growth and job European decision-making centers certainly makes champion, while explaining, to a large extent, creation. our region the ideal hub from which foreign our high standard of living. Furthermore, our partners can tap new markets. multilingualism and our eagerness to learn have allowed us to look beyond our borders for economies of scale to reduce the cost of our industrial processes.

However, due to the rapid emergence of a number of new players in the world economy such as China and India, unprecedented competition has been raging in Europe for a number of years. This means that cost competitiveness remains a growing challenge for Flanders. In fact, the new economic players enjoy significant cost advantages, which puts pressure on the prices VIB © of the traditional European industries. If we are to maintain the competitiveness of Flemish companies, we must fully invest in a smarter way to create added value. Knowledge and innovation must be the basic ingredients in this recipe for success. Given our high level of training and education, our central location and our well-established talent for constantly looking for synergies and partnerships, we already have a lot of assets to turn the tide of new economic challenges in our favor.

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10 11 Get to know Ghent

Thanks to its leading position in basic research and During the last century, the port was a major Ghent is a wonderful and compact city, knowledge acquisition, Ghent is a strong economic economic hub for Belgium and Europe; it is complete with medieval castles. Ghent driver for growth in Flanders. The city has placed now poised to act as a vital link in the emerging people are very friendly, polite,and the development of the knowledge economy on knowledge industry. With a workforce of over little reserved. I find it always difficult its agenda as a valuable area of policy, aimed at 70,000 people, it handles around 48 million tons of to choose from the wide variety fostering innovation and supporting entrepreneurs freight annually. of breads, beers and chocolate. with expert guidance. Amir-Behzad Samii (Iran), Professor of In addition, Ghent has managed to strengthen Operations Management, Vlerick Leuven Gent Ghent is the birthplace of biotechnology in the its economic assets in recent decades with a very Management School. region. In recent years the city of Artevelde has strong reputation for hospitality, open-mindedness emerged as the pivot of the Flemish biotech. and quality of life. Ghent is a young city with a The clustering of high-tech bio-business (including vibrant cultural life that pays tribute to its rich Innogenetics, Devgen, CropDesign), in synergy with history. the laboratories of the Ghent University Association and VIB in the Ardoyen Science Park has played a major part in this development.

Alongside advanced industrial biotech companies, Ghent Bio-Energy Valley (GBEV) also accommodates service providers and public partners. GBEV will expand the Port of Ghent, among others, into an internationally recognized growth area of industrial bio-energy products and activities.

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12 13 A never-ending influx of new Working in a knowledge- Room for innovation talent intensive city

Due to the wide variety of third-level institutions in In Ghent, paid employment is characterized by Ghent’s local government is well aware that its Ghent, the city has the largest student population a specialization in knowledge-intensive sectors. ambition to see the region grow into an economic in Flanders. Every year, as many as 67,000 92,000 workers are employed by companies which area of knowledge and innovation at international students prepare themselves here for the working use knowledge as their main raw material. That’s level is only possibly through cooperation. It is life. Each college offers a broad range of social 60% of the total number of wage earners. This ratio imperative that all actors in the city join forces. services, allowing students to blossom in optimum is well above the average in Flanders. Furthermore, The City of Ghent has therefore entered key conditions. 12,000 self-employed professionals are also active partnerships. Young people will flock en masse to Ghent, mainly in knowledge-intensive sectors. to attend its renowned university. Ghent University A significant portion of knowledge workers are In 2006, for example, an agreement was is recognized worldwide as one of the best scientific employed in the high and medium tech production concluded with the university to work closely on research institutes. sectors, where the automotive sector and its the development of a favorable environment for The university was honored in the scientific suppliers in particular would play a major role. The the further development of knowledge activity. magazine The Scientist, specifically for its strong presence of biotech companies in the Ghent This involved, among other things, putting more achievements in the field of life sciences. In region is also crucial. emphasis on increasing the supply of infrastructure addition to the University, Ghent also boasts The wealth creation in the Ghent region (based on for the establishment of knowledge-intensive firms. several colleges and a high number of other gross domestic product per capita) is among the It goes without saying that the availability, today research institutes. The large influx of students not highest in Flanders. This is particularly good news and in the future, of space for knowledge activity only has an important rejuvenating effect on the for a prosperous future. Indeed, it is necessary to in science parks, sites earmarked for knowledge demographic pyramid of the City, it also ensures ensure significant wealth creation to structurally companies and incubators is certainly crucial for a that the knowledge pool is constantly supplied with improve competitiveness and guarantee city that embraces the knowledge economy. fresh talent. The knowledge companies that come employment with full-fledged, quality jobs. to Ghent to set up activities are assured of a smooth cooperation with various universities. For instance, this is illustrated by the growing numbers of PhD Science is everywhere in this university students and of doctorates awarded, the number town, and is supported by the government. of publications, and the number of patents that are As a researcher I have access to a large granted each year within the city limits. range of facilities such as libraries, different faculties, conferences and seminars. Dmitriy Borodin (Russia), Postdoctoral Researcher at Production Information Systems Laboratory, Ghent University

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16 The dense network of research collaboration and networking between institutes in Ghent is unique in Europe. the various research institutes can In specific domains, the City has been also be quickly translated and applied gathering knowledge for centuries, in in the existing sectors – sometimes the steel and textile industries erroneously called traditional – such as for instance. Thanks to their dynamism health care and metallurgy. and innovation, these two sectors continue to bring a significant A strong interaction between a great contribution to the region. variety of academic programs, on the one hand, and business on the other, In other areas, we have made great creates a dynamic that thrives on strides over recent years. Thus, innovation. The mutual cooperation Ghent is now known worldwide as the between knowledge actors and birthplace of biotechnology. And our business creates a crucial synergy. knowledge of broadband technology This also ensures a fruitful cross- and ICT is gaining importance. fertilization which brings about new knowledge centers and businesses These new knowledge domains are – the ultimate guarantee for the A dense not necessarily new industrial sectors; continuous development of the Ghent network of many new developments through knowledge network. knowledge actors

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18 Ghent BC Ghent University Vlerick Leuven Gent Management A dense p 20 p 21 Schoolp 23 network of

knowledge Hogeschool Gent Arteveldehogeschool KaHo Sint-Lieven University College University College Ghent Technology actors Campus p 24 p 24 p 26

Interdisciplinary Ghent University Research Center for Center for Institute for Hospital the Application of Research in Broadband Steel (OCAS) Metallurgy (CRM) Technology (IBBT) p 26 p 27 p 29 p 29

Clusta Belgian Welding Strategic Initiative Flanders Materials Centexbel Institute Materials (SIM) Center (Flamac, a division of SIM) p 30 p 30 p 30 p 31 p 32

Flanders Institute for Ghent Bio­Energy Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) Valley Agriculture and Fisheries Research (ILVO) p 34 p 36 p 36

19 A dense network of knowledge actors Ghent BC

The agreement concluded in 2006 between the City specific workshops and conferences are held to of Ghent and Ghent University not only focuses on speed up the transfer of knowledge from research collaboration on “Space for a knowledge economy”. institutions to industrial applications. it also entails the promotion of entrepreneurship As a knowledge platform, Ghent BC is supported and innovation in the Ghent region and raising the and partly financed by the European Regional profile of Ghent as a knowledge region. Development Fund (ERDF).

One of the actions toward this goal was to launch www.gentbc.be the Ghent Big in Creativity (Ghent BC) knowledge platform. Ghent BC is an online and real-life Gent BC © network that brings together all the actors in the field of technological entrepreneurship Dribbling with Science in 2009 The and innovation and provides information on event was attended by over 180 partici- entrepreneurship and innovation. pants (athletes, trainers, physiotherapists, coaches, physicians, researchers). Its objective: bring together those involved in The Ghent region has secured a significant lead soccer in Flanders and the Netherlands to in terms of technological knowledge. The aim inform them on how research can con- of the knowledge platform is to build on to that tribute in the world of football. Renowned advance by combining and reinforcing the efforts researchers from Ghent University, the University of Groningen and VU Univer- of the actors in the Ghent knowledge economy, sity Amsterdam presented recent scientific boosting technological entrepreneurship in the findings and practical tips on talent identi- Gent BC © Ghent knowledge region and promoting the Ghent fication, injury prevention, the analysis of knowledge region in Flanders and abroad. training and competition and technologi- Once a month, Ghent BC organizes a Business cal developments in that sport. Café where researchers and entrepreneurs Exchange for Feed, Food and Health can exchange views on technology, innovation International conference with over 150 and entrepreneurship. In addition, often in participants from research institutes in collaboration with partners in the region as well, Flanders and from the industry (food, feed and health sector).

20 Ghent University At Ghent University more than 130 research groups in disciplines such as history, biotechnology, Because of the high concentration of research spread across 11 departments offer high quality aquaculture and microelectronics have attained groups from the university and the presence of research-based courses in all scientific disciplines. international recognition and even world fame. VIB (biotech), IMEC (nanotechnology), IBBT The campuses are scattered across the city, from Moreover, many innovative companies are rooted in (broadband and ICT) and SIM (materials), the the historical center to the green suburbs. research stemming from Ghent. Ardoyen science park in Ghent (Zwijnaarde) is an ideal location for high-technology, R&D-based Renowned research centers and specialized A very strong international presence companies. In Ostend, about 60 km from Ghent, on laboratories attached to the university are active in The active internationalization policy is, on the the North Sea coast, the Greenbridge Science Park a variety of scientific fields. A number of projects one hand, reinforced by strategic alliances with facilitates research into and applications of new Gent BC © universities in neighboring countries and, on the energy technologies. other, by a targeted commitment towards growth poles such as China and India. The university A university with global ambitions boasts a long-standing tradition when it comes to Five multi-disciplinary research platforms were cooperating in research and development. Many selected over the past years in order to take collaborative development projects are based the lead at international level. On average, they on research work in the Bioscience Engineering receive 2.5 million Euro in research funding and and Science faculties. The number of doctorates 5 additional professor positions. This research awarded by the university has been growing is directed at the areas of inflammation and steadily in recent years. As many as 20% of the 438 immunity, neurosciences, nano- and biophotonics, doctoral theses in 2009 were defended by foreign bioinformatics, and biotechnology for a sustainable Gent BC © Ugent © PhD students. Meanwhile, the number of spin-offs economy. Ghent University is conducting continues to rise year after year: in 2008 there were other projects ranking it among the world top 5, in 2009 already 7. institutions. These include building a new data center with a high-performance supercomputer for Close ties with the industry scientific research and the creation of five doctoral Approximately 30% of research funds come from training centers. The relaunch of TechTransfer, the private sector, a figure that clearly illustrates which detects opportunities for technological the close interdependency between the university innovation and is responsible for the development and industry. Research-based companies and commercialization of knowledge and seeking infrastructure and support can establish technologies out of university research, is bound to themselves in two purpose-built science parks. reinforce the university’s activities. Ugent ©

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22 Ghent University in short research work. Its campuses are located in Leuven, networks that they develop fruitful collaborations. Ghent University is one of the leading Ghent and St Petersburg (Russia). The School has They present the knowledge in their specific field universities in the Dutch speaking also entered partnerships with Beijing University at leading world conferences. For many foreign region. It is an open, socially committed (China) and the University of Stellenbosch Business workers, the attraction of the business school lies and pluralistic university with a broad School (South Africa). The school’s researchers in the widely available financial and technological international perspective. are in contact with many international research resources it offers and its exceptional reputation in With over 33,000 students, Ghent centers. In this context, it is mainly through peer research. University is one the largest universities in Flanders and Belgium. Many of its research groups are world-famous. A research position there is appealing, also due to the Ghent is a wonderful city for expats to available research budgets and relatively live in. The rich history and tradition, low teaching load. combined with the lively atmosphere of a Vlerick Leuven Gent Management college town offer an academic like me a School in short • Staff: 7,500 employees, including 67% stimulating environment for my stay here. The Vlerick Leuven Gent Management researchers (more than 80 nationalities) There are no typical urban problems here; School offers three accreditations: • R&D budget in 2009: 212 million Euro AACSB, Equis and AMBA. It is also mak- instead there are loads of great places to ing its way up business school rankings, discover. www.UGent.be such as those established by the Finan- Deva Rangarajan (India), Associate Professor, cial Times or the Economist. Every year, Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School. some 800 students follow master’s and MBA studies, while approximately 6,000 executives attend management develop- Vlerick Leuven Gent ment programs.

Management School • Staff: 180 employees, including 116 researchers With the Vlerick Leuven Gent Management • R&D budget in 2009: 6 million Euro School, Ghent boasts an international academic business school with international standing. The research into and training in management, www.vlerick.be entrepreneurship and leadership development began back in 1953 under the auspices of Ghent Ugent © University. Today, the autonomous business school enjoys a unique partnership with the two largest Belgian universities, Ghent and Leuven, and involves more than 250 organizations in its

23 Hogeschool Gent University Arteveldehogeschool University College College

The wide range of professional bachelor and Arteveldehogeschool University College provides academic bachelor studies, as well as master’s education, research and services in health, social programs in various disciplines, from Engineering community work, education, commercial sciences to arts, offered at the Hogeschool Gent University and business administration, industrial sciences College creates a strong added value for research and technology. It offers a comprehensive choice of and potential collaborations. Some 450 researchers courses with 15 professional bachelor’s programs. participate in more than 300 national and The largest Catholic university college in Flanders international research projects. with 9,600 students, Arteveldehogeschool puts specific emphasis on projects relating to These focus mainly on applied training and sustainability and entrepreneurship. It boasts research aimed at the social, economic and many achievements as regards the development cultural fabric of the region. Drawing from of methodologies and materials for practical immediately applicable expertise, Hogeschool applications. Gent is increasingly profiling itself as a partner in innovation for SMEs and nonprofit organizations.

On the international scene, the university college has recently been in the limelight following:

-- The making of the short film Candy Darling by Sylvia Defrance, which has won many international awards; -- The optimization of the cultivation of the kiwi berry; -- The development of an equipment bag for NASA, premiered by Ghent born astronaut ISS commander Frank De Winne. Ugent ©

24 Hogeschool Gent in short Arteveldehogeschool in short Education, research and the provision of Not only is Arteveldehogeschool social services are the key objectives of University College deeply embedded in the Hogeschool Gent University College. Ghent network regrouping the University, It seeks to promote a critical, creative and knowledge centers and industry, it has open society through the expertise of its also concluded strategic alliances with staff and graduates, and the valorization organizations in Canada, Ecuador, Turkey, of its research. Hogeschool Gent has Vietnam and South Africa. Under the a strong research profile and, with its Sixth European Framework Programme, 17,000 students, 22 professional bachelor it is pioneering ‘ALADDIN’, a Specific courses, 14 academic bachelor courses Targeted Research Project in e-health, and 25 master’s programs is the largest with 10 partners from Belgium, Hungary, university college in Belgium. Slovenia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy and Greece. • Staff: 2,300 employees, including 487 • Staff: 1,050 employees, including 53 researchers (72 international staff, researchers including 26 researchers • R&D budget in 2009: 1.7 million Euro • R&D budget in 2009: 16 million Euro in 2007 (the last years: 5% of operating income from projects)

www.hogent.be www.arteveldehs.be Stad Gent ©

25 KaHo Sint­Lieven Interdisciplinary Institute for Ghent Technology Campus Broadband Technology (IBBT)

The Ghent Technology Campus of the Catholic Yet, through its direct link to basic research To achieve economic and social impact through University College Hogeschool Sint-Lieven (KaHo on the one hand and business experience and innovation in ICT, that is the IBBT’s mission. Sint-Lieven) offers courses in industrial engineering entrepreneurship on the other, it constitutes Maintaining a close cooperation with industrial and a variety of bachelor’s programs in fields an ideal breeding ground for innovation. 3,300 partners, nonprofit organizations and government such as agriculture and biotechnology, business students attend KaHo Sint-Lieven. In 20 years’ time is key in this respect. This ensures that research management, biomedical laboratory technology, KaHo Sint-Lieven Ghent Technology Campus has findings are translated smoothly into marketable chemistry, electromechanics and electronics-ICT. grown into a renowned research center involved products and services. To that end, the research The education-related technological research is in regional, national and international R&D institute also participates in many ICT related highly focused on implementation. partnerships. consultation structures and network organizations in Flanders and Europe. Since its inception in 2005, the IBBT has given birth to six spin-offs. Because of their close link with IBBT, some of them are housed KaHo Sint­-Lieven Ghent in iCubes, the IBBT’s business center in the heart of Technology Campus in short Ghent. VRT-medialab, the technology research unit Together with companies and/or the Three spin-offs were born out of the of the Flemish public TV broadcasting company, Flemish agency for Innovation by Science KaHo campus: Indurium Engineering and other innovative starter enterprises are also and Technology (IWT), KaHo Sint-Lieven Services, which analyzes the influence of established there. conducts basic research in the fields of mechanical and thermal loads on complex sustainable building and geomatics; meat structures and products; the biotech technology; enzyme, fermentation and company Fugeia, which (together with brewing technology; materials mechanics; K.U.Leuven) has developed a method products and processes; mechanics to extract fiber from wheat bran; and and control of drive systems; electrical Engineering and Solutions in Transport Ghent looks like a fairytale city with energy, data mining and process control; and Logistics (ESTL), which develops gingerbread houses and two rivers that wireless & mobile communications and solutions for cargo lost during transport. seem to lap quietly along the streets. But security; automated planning, scheduling • Staff: 500 employees, including 180 underneath this facade, Ghent is bubbling and timetabling (IT). Collective research researchers like a steamy research and education is carried out into scent and flavor • R&D budget in 2009: 4.5 million Euro factory, which challenges you to look technology, as well as energy saving using further, to ask questions and dare to think. light (lighting technology). www.kahosl.be Nora Srzentic (Croatia), Research Assistant in Financial Economics, Ghent University

26 Ghent University Hospital

IBBT in short Ghent University Hospital is a leading care and nurses and other health experts there. IBBT stimulates innovation in ICT research center in Flanders. With more than 1,000 As a teaching hospital, Ghent University Hospital through over 100 projects with more than beds and over 5,600 employees it stands for highly also plays an important part in scientific research 300 organizations. Its goal? The joint specialized, quality and patient-friendly care. Every and training. It therefore works in close cooperation development of innovative applications by day about 3,000 patients are diagnosed, monitored with the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences of interdisciplinary teams in a whole range or treated in a wide range of specialties. Ghent University. Over 400 medical specialists are of areas: from healthcare, mobility and The provision of optimum care and comfort to trained at Ghent University Hospital. logistics, culture and media to green ICT. patients is the number one priority of all physicians, As a research center, Ghent University Hospital In addition to technology, at every stage of accounts for more than 1,000 A1 publications each the research consideration is given to such issues as usability, policy, legislation and year based on translational and clinical research business models. in several laboratories and directly in the clinic. • Staff: 120 employees, including 90 Ghent University Hospital in short The research focuses on genetics, immunology/ researchers (9 nationalities) The hospital’s annual budget is approxi- inflammation, neurosciences and oncology among • R&D budget in 2009: 23.2 million Euro mately 500 million Euro. The hospital other fields. has state-of-the-art technology at its dis- posal, both for care and research: 3 CT www.ibbt.be scans, 4 CAT labs, 2 angiography rooms, 3 MRI scanners (1 Tesla, 1.5 Tesla and 3 Tesla), 4 linear accelerators, 1 EP exam room, 1 PET scanner, 1 PET-CT scanner, and 1 cyclotron.

Each year, there are about 500,000 out- patients at the hospital, while 30,000 procedures are carried out in the operating theaters. • Staff: 5,600 employees • Budget: 500 million Euro

www.uzgent.be

Christophe Vander Eecken©

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28 The Ghent area has traditionally been home to a thriving steel industry. It has produced a rich knowledge network over the years. Ghent may look like a medieval city, but by contrast, it is mainly populated Research Center for the by young people. Application of Steel (OCAS) For me it is the most vibrant and livable city in Belgium. Farhan Azmat Ali (Pakistan), student, Ghent OCAS was set up to develop skills and knowledge University in the areas of steel and metal. On this basis, the research center works together with its customers on steel applications and solutions. OCAS valorizes its knowledge through spin- offs, joint ventures and licensing. OCAS employs researchers representing 16 different nationalities to answer research questions from all over the world. It collaborates closely with ArcelorMittal and other companies in the industry, with non-profit OCAS in short CRM in short organizations and several Belgian and international universities. OCAS, the high-tech, market-oriented CRM carries out demand driven research research center for steel applications is for the metals industry. The emphasis located in the Port of Ghent. It is a joint is on developing new products whose Center for Research in venture between the Flemish government mechanical properties are improved Metallurgy (CRM) and ArcelorMittal that is very active through new compositions and process in Ghent. It offers strong expertise in innovation, and on the optimization of CRM studies the synergy between process and metallurgy, coating development and steel rolling processes (improved productivity, product aspects of the steel industry. It has a applications research. lower energy consumption, less modern laboratory equipped with state-of-the- • Staff: 140 employees, including 75 maintenance, etc.). art simulators used to optimize products and researchers (16 nationalities) • Staff: 21 employees, including 10 processes. Enjoying an excellent reputation, the • R&D budget in 2009: 17 million Euro researchers (4 from abroad) research center maintains close ties with industrial • Locations: Headquartered in Zelzate, • R&D budget in 2009: 2.6 million Euro metallurgical lab in Zwijnaarde with an partners at home and abroad and participates (for the Zwijnaarde department) extension under construction also in actively in European projects. A recent partnership Zwijnaarde (opening planned in 2011) with OCAS and the establishment of the joint venture Metal Processing Center with ArcelorMittal will allow the center to expand further its expertise www.ocas.be www.crm­eur.com internationally. Stad Gent ©

29 Clusta Belgian Welding Institute

Clusta is the recognized umbrella organization for the pulse, Clusta is a member of regional, Flemish The Belgian Welding Institute (BWI) conducts the steel plating industry. The organization strives and European innovation networks. In the short research on welding and joining of metals and to raise knowledge among the Flemish metal SMEs term, the local network is set to become even alloys. It focuses on new processes, test capabilities by conducting R&D with them and hence creating stronger through an intensive collaboration with and applications. The BWI is planning to set a lever for innovation. Based on its own research, OCAS, BWI (Belgian Welding Institute) and SIM up a Metal Structures Center in Zwijnaarde, in Clusta also organizes training and seminars to (Strategic Initiative Materials). collaboration with OCAS and Ghent University. promote innovation. Wanting to keep its finger on Bringing together 200 researchers, the center will work on durable metal constructions for the energy market.

Strategic Initiative Materials (SIM)

Clusta in short BWI in short SIM is a virtual research organization grouping Thanks to its scale and knowledge of the The BWI conducts highly specialized existing research centers on materials in Flanders. Flemish market, Clusta is able to meet research and is affiliated to a network Its primary goal is to conduct theme-based strategic new needs rapidly. The experienced of global exchange laboratories. The research within international partnerships for Clusta consultants focus mainly on small organization is also an active member the benefit of Flemish companies. All the Flemish businesses, as they can best use the of the International Institute of Welding universities and companies from the Flemish support offered by organization. (IIW) and the European Federation for materials industries are represented on the SIM Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF). management board. • Staff: 7 employees including 4 FTE The open innovation structure was designed to researchers) • Staff: 24 employees, including 18 re- allow a maximum of Flemish companies, especially • R&D budget in 2009: 500,000 Euro searchers SMEs, to market the knowledge thus developed. • R&D budget in 2009: 2.8 million Euro Research centers involved in SIM projects are fully reimbursed. Participating companies are directly www.clusta.be www.bil­ibs.be subsidized by the IWT (agency for Innovation by Science and Technology).

30 Flanders Materials Center (Flamac, a division of SIM)

SIM is headquartered in the Zwijnaarde Flamac specializes in developing high-throughput Technology Park, where in 2011 a number technologies for accelerated materials research and of materials-related research centers (e.g. in conducting research based on these technologies. OCAS, Sirris, Clusta, BWI, CRM, Ghent To this end Flamac has established a number of University’s Department of Metallurgy and unique automated systems. Flamac belongs to an Materials Science, and Ghent University’s international network of universities, collective Magnel Laboratory for Concrete Research) centers and industrial partners. Every year, will be united under one roof. the research center organizes an international Stad Gent © conference on high-throughput materials research involving many researchers and industry representatives.

SIM in short Flamac in short

SIM is the virtual research organization As a department within the Strategic grouping all existing Flemish knowledge Initiative Materials (SIM), Flamac focuses centers on materials. The three central on high-throughput technologies. research themes are Materials for Light Its aim is to significantly accelerate and and Energy, Sustainable Structural broaden innovative research on new Materials and Nanomaterials. materials. With this in mind, it employs Within each of these areas, sustainability purpose-designed equipment and its and ‘cradle-to-cradle’ constitute the strong expertise towards the high- priority issues and constraints. throughput development of coatings, inks, cosmetics, detergents, alloys and ceramic • R&D budget for the period May 2009 to materials to name but a few. December 2011: 14.47 million Euro • Staff: 9 employees, including 8 re- www.sim­flanders.be searchers • R&D budget in 2009: 1 million Euro

www.flamac.be VIB ©

31 Already back in the 13th century, Ghent was renowned technical textiles, a niche market with huge growth in Europe for its textile industry. Today the city still potential. The close collaboration with Flamac and holds extensive textile know-how that has been the Composites laboratory of Ghent University aims successfully applied in areas such as agriculture, to increase the cooperation between the fields of industry, construction, road building, transport, sports composites and textiles and promote it as a growth and composites. sector.

Centexbel With over 800 member companies Centexbel embodies the vast knowledge of the Belgian textile Stad Gent © industry. Centexbel, a research center with 140 highly skilled employees, carries out collective or demand-driven research, having at its disposal advanced laboratories to test the chemical, physical, microbiological, and fire behavior of all kinds of textile. It also provides technology Centexbel in short consulting, stimulates innovation and provides In addition to its 800 member It is also recognized as a ‘notified body’ support to companies, with patent applications, companies from the Belgian textile for product certification including the standardization and product certification for industry, Centexbel has about 130 CE labeling of protective textiles, carpet, instance. Due to the large involvement of the associate member companies. These toys and bus upholstery. Furthermore, it textile producers , which, on such a scale is unique are European companies involved in is an accredited laboratory for labels such in Europe, many Belgian companies are active in research and services. Members mainly as Oeko-Tex, Ecoflower, made in Green, European research and Centexbel itself is a valued include companies from the textile, GUT, Ecopur and Cradle to Cradle. scientific partner in many international private engineering and chemistry sectors, as research projects. well as major textile customers such as • Staff: 140 employees, including 90 automobile, garment and distribution university-trained researchers A global network with many companies. More than 1,450 customers • R&D budget in 2009: 11 million Euro ramifications in 35 countries rely on the expertise of Centexbel is part of numerous local, national and Centexbel’s accredited testing laboratory. www.centexbel.be European innovation and technology networks and professional associations. Truly, networks are essential for the applied research carried out there, usually at European level. Centexbel is a driving force behind textiles innovation. This research is heavily applied to

32 VIB ©

33 Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB)

As a research institute, VIB has carried out Work leads to major economic activity groundbreaking research in life sciences. VIB VIB’s innovative basic knowledge is a continuous researchers explore the molecular mechanisms that source of new technologies and discoveries. control the functions of the human body, plants and These can form the basis for new social and microorganisms. VIB then draws new conclusions industrial applications such as diagnostics and out of these studies on normal and abnormal or pharmaceuticals. VIB aims to translate its scientific pathological life processes. discoveries and conclusions into applications that will benefit society and lead to a better quality of A constant supply of fresh blood life. Consequently, VIB’s inventions are protected VIB works closely with four Flemish universities by patents. These patents are actively licensed to and has forged many ties, both nationally and companies at home and abroad which are eager internationally, leading to a high staff rotation of to convert the inventions into useful products or about 17% a year. This ensures a constant supply of applications. Alternatively, VIB may develop new fresh blood into the organization. findings into technology platforms that form the This high turnover is largely due to the outflow of basis for a new biotech company. doctoral students, as a further step in their career, When establishing a new biotech company, VIB either in the biotech industry or in academia. builds technology platforms in close consultation VIB is very keen to attract new talent at all levels, with the researchers. Following a concept stage, especially when it comes to group leaders. VIB draws up a business plan. This is followed VIB © by a search for experienced managers to run the VIB strives to give young scientists with only company, and for domestic or foreign investors a few years postdoctoral experience, but with likely to invest in the start-up. extraordinary potential, the chance to start and develop their own group as an independent junior group leader. In 2009, 13 new group leaders were Vibrant and relaxing. Dynamic and appointed, some below the age of 35. romantic. Historical and ultramodern. As a result, the level of internationalization Whatever you want, you can find it in within VIB has now increased dramatically. Ghent. The famous French fries, beer For instance, the internationalization rate of all and chocolate do the rest! scientific positions is currently 40%, spread over Massimo Marzorati (Italy), PhD, Ghent 56 nationalities. There are 20% foreigners among University the group leaders and experts, 45% among the postdocs, and 42% among the PhD students.

34 VV

THE PORTFOLIO OF VIB START-UPS CropDesign: is a plant biotechnology and life-threatening human diseases. Ablynx INCLUDES: company focused on identifying genes that was set up in 2001 in Ghent and currently improve the development, production and has over 230 employees. Devgen: develops high yielding seeds and yield of crops. CropDesign started in 1998 environmentally friendly crop protection as a spin-off from VIB and is part of BASF Pronota: a high-tech biomarker company, it technology by using a portfolio of advanced Plant Science since 2006. is developing a new generation of diagnostic biotechnology and molecular breeding products. Pronota employs 28 people. techniques. Devgen was established in Ablynx: is a biopharmaceutical company 1997 and has offices in Ghent (Belgium), focused on the research into and Actogenix: is a biopharmaceutical Singapore, Hyderabad (India), General development of Nanobodies, a new kind of company focused on the development Santos (The Philippines) and Delaware (USA); therapeutic proteins based on single-domain and commercialization of ActoBiotics™, it employs over 280 people worldwide. antibody fragments, for a range of serious a new class of orally administered biopharmaceuticals for the targeted treatment of severe diseases with high medical need. VIB in short the number of publications in the highest VIB embraces a unique concept in which ranking journals such as Nature, Cell and the strong partnership with the four Science has grown exponentially in recent Flemish universities of Ghent, Leuven, years. For the first time in its history, Antwerp and Brussels plays a key role. VIB achieved more than 100 scientific In cooperation with these institutions, breakthroughs in 2009. VIB employs over 1,200 scientists and VIB also implements an active technology technicians organized in 72 research transfer policy. The creation of new jobs groups. These are located on the campus is an important objective of technology of either of the four partner universities transfer within VIB. In 2009, the number and are structured into eight departments. of positions for highly skilled workers in Through this unique collaboration, VIB VIB start-ups rose by 30 to 460. brings together a broad expertise and scientific experience in the field of life • Staff: 1,200 employees, including 723 sciences. researchers from 56 nationalities In 2009, VIB published 470 papers in • Revenues in 2009: 68.1 million Euro international journals, 282 of which in • Expenditure in 2009: 61.9 million Euro high ranking journals. 106 were even published in top journals. Furthermore, www.vib.be VIB ©

35 Ghent Bio­Energy Valley Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries Research (ILVO)

Ghent Bio-Energy Valley is a public-private The Institute for Agriculture and Fisheries partnership set up to develop sustainable bio- Research (ILVO) carries out high quality research energy activities and support t he ensuing and provides services to both policy-makers economic growth in the Ghent region. and the sector. The research is divided into nine The non-profit association promotes the programs: Sustainable Plant Production; Innovative development of the bio-based economy through Agriculture, Fisheries and Product Processing; close cooperation programs and the creation Quality Animal Husbandry; Sustainable of synergy between the partners involved in Exploitation of Marine Resources; Agriculture R&D, logistics, structural measures and policy. and Fisheries in a Changing Climate; Agriculture Communication with the general public is also part and the Natural Surroundings; Agriculture and of its remit. Fisheries for Safe and High-Quality Food; Dynamic In addition, Ghent Bio-Energy Valley brings Rural Areas; and Competitive Agricultural together scientific expertise from nine research Systems. To that end, the institute enjoys a unique groups at Ghent University. This expertise infrastructure: over 200 hectares (494 acres) of encompasses knowledge on the entire production experimental fields, 5,000 m² of stables, 20,000 chains of bio-based products, ranging from the m² of greenhouses, accredited laboratories, improvement of crops, the transformation of the a pilot plant... ILVO also runs internationally agricultural raw material through green chemistry recognized reference laboratories for GMOs and and industrial biotechnology, to bio-based end plant pathogens. What’s more, the Fisheries Unit is products. unique in Belgium and neighboring countries. Recently Flanders, the Netherlands and Europe invested 21 million Euro in the construction of Bio Base Europe. This pilot plant in the Port of Ghent focuses on scaling up bio-based technologies and processes to semi-industrial production levels. Read more about Bio Base Europe on page 55.

GBEV ©

36 Ghent Bio­Energy Valley in short With Bio Base Europe, which seamlessly ILVO in short Ghent Bio-Energy Valley is the result of a integrates the supply of raw materials in ILVO researchers are working together collaboration between Ghent University, the production chain, the cluster has a with Flemish and Walloon universities, the City of Ghent, the Port of Ghent, the pilot plant for Industrial Biotechnology colleges and research centers. Provincial Development Agency of East and Biorefining that is unique in the They are also involved in a number of Flanders and local businesses. world. European funded research projects with The organization is also strongly European partners. embedded in a regional network. In • Staff: 8 employees Europe, Ghent Bio-Energy Valley is one • More than 200 researchers • Staff: 550 employees, 50% of whom of the leading clusters and the largest • R&D budget in 2009: approx. 50 researchers from 56 nationalities port-cluster for the production of biofuels. million Euro • R&D budget in 2009: 31.1 million Euro

www.gbev.org www.ilvo.vlaanderen.be

GBEV ©

VIB © 37 38 Tom Dhaenens © From a historical viewpoint, Ghent has these assets. How? With a strategically always held an important cultural and located port, a sizeable knowledge economic place in Flanders. pool with the university as a hub, and Today, the region is still creating the excellent cooperation with local and perfect conditions to strengthen international knowledge companies the city’s position as an attractive which are given enough space to location for investment. The city of develop. Investing in Ghent intends to further enhance the Ghent knowledge region

39 Stad Gent © Tom Dhaenens © 40 Investing in the Ghent knowledge region Flanders: an attractive investment region

p 42

Ghent on the Why – as a Flemish map knowledge-intensive company – invest in Ghent? p 45 p 46

Ghent offers room for development

p 51

41 Investing in the Ghent knowledge region Flanders: an attractive investment region Flanders is likely to be well positioned whenever a Flanders is easily accessible through ports and What makes Ghent a perfect city for business? A large pool of skilled and professional people, ranking is made of the most attractive investment airports. It also features a dense and extensive and authorities that work for local companies regions in the world. And we don’t owe this merely network of roads, waterways and railways. As a in a both supportive and flexible way. And to our strategic location, in the heart of the most result, we traditionally rank among the best in if you add the friendly nature of Ghent’s prosperous part of Europe. Nor is it simply because Europe for logistical operations. Flemings also inhabitants, the rich culture and beauty of the Brussels, the European nerve center, adds to the enjoy a good reputation: not only are we hard city and the cozy restaurants and cafés, you attraction. Our logistical strength, too, is an asset workers and productive – in 2009 we ranked third will feel right at home here in no time. for many investors: in the Global Productivity Index –, we easily speak Jens Holtinger (Sweden), Managing Director, several languages and we are eager to learn. These Volvo Europa Truck. qualities are underscored by our high quality education, whose strength is reflected in numerous international comparative studies. These important aspects of human capital are the deciding factors in At the top in Europe many investing cases. In addition, the fiscal and financial policy in our Flanders ranks 7th in the overall country is business friendly. The notional interest classification established in the biannual deduction, for example, decreases the tax burden to study “European Cities & Regions of an attractive level. And the government also creates the Future 2010/11” of the Financial a favorable environment for the knowledge society Times’ fDi magazine. Flanders was with a whole range of measures. Innovation and also recognized as the European region research are also backed by an extensive network with the best strategy to attract foreign of universities, research centers, incubators and investment. knowledge clusters. Different sectors are therefore well represented: automotive, chemicals and According to the study, the City of Ghent plastics, life sciences, environmental technology, did very well. It actually ranked among logistics, ICT, food, and lifestyle. Europe’s top 10 most attractive microci- This picture would not be complete without the ties (fewer than 250,000 inhabitants) for high quality of life, so valued by the Flemings: foreign investment. our region is known for its ‘Burgundian lifestyle’, for its excellent medical facilities, and for its excellent and diverse study programs. Advantages that every expatriate and his or her family will no Tom Dhaenens © doubt appreciate...

42 What do surveys on research expats tell us? A survey carried out by Ghent University (2008) -- Flanders’ central location in Europe also -- Since many foreign researchers come to on 50 foreign researchers working in Flemish makes it a very attractive region for foreign Flanders with their partners, the presence of universities and research centers shows that they researchers to travel or stay in touch with international business gives Flanders a major are very satisfied with the quality of life that our family (especially for European researchers). advantage. It increases the chances of finding a region has to offer, both for themselves and for -- The multilingualism of the Flemings is often job for the partner. their families. They mention, however, many other mentioned by researchers as an important -- The accessibility of the high quality Flemish positive aspects: asset. The fact that foreigners can express health system is also seen as very positive. -- The attractiveness of a number of research themselves in English in everyday life (in shops positions (BOF-ZAP and Odysseus) is often for example) facilitates their integration. mentioned. Through Odysseus, for example, top researchers can take up a position with a Flemish ‘guest research center’. The FWO (Research Foundation - Flanders) earmarks Innovation, life sciences & 12 million Euro – over five years – to provide • Companies in Flanders have to pay up pharmaceuticals: preferential to 75% less social security contributions start-up funding for the research projects of treatment in Flanders for highly skilled staff, engineers and Odysseus Researchers. researchers. -- Many researchers choose a specific research In our knowledge society, research group based on its scientific reputation. In fact, and innovation take a central place. Flanders is also one of Europe’s top many research groups in Flanders have built a Flanders has developed a variety of regions for the number of companies reputation that gives them great appeal on the incentives to encourage research staff, conducting (pre)clinical trials. international scene. investments directed at R&D and The close cooperation between hospitals, income from patents. universities, research centers and pharmaceutical players has created an • Those companies which submitted ideal environment for this vital stage or purchased a patent after a 2007 in the development of any innovative are able to deduct from their taxable therapy. National legislation provides earnings 80% of the income gener- for very short approval times in ated out of it. This allows them to experiments on humans: 15 days for Phase quickly recover their investment in I, and 28 days for Phases II to IV. R&D. • Investment in patents and R&D This gives a significant competitive edge are eligible for a higher investment to life sciences companies conducting allowance. trials in Flanders. Stad Gent ©

43 Haven van Gent - Tom Dhaenens ©

44 Easily available R&D funds Ghent on the Flemish map on a daily basis; extension work has now begun on The Flemish Government set up the IWT, the Sint-Pieters railway station to make it the largest in Flemish agency for Innovation by Science and Flanders is the economic heart of the European Flanders. Once completed, commuter traffic is set Technology (www.iwt.be) in a bid to sustain pentagon linking Milan, Paris, London, Munich to rise to 60,000. innovation by industry in Flanders. Any company and Hamburg. Approximately 50% of the European that is active within the Flemish territory can call GDP is generated in this pentagon. Ghent holds a Ghent records over 610,000 hotel overnight stays on the IWT’s support, whether in the form of advice strategic position within the pentagon, as it lies each year: 71% are for holiday purposes, and 29% or grants for research and innovative activities. between several powerful economic regions: the for conferences, seminars and business. The fact In 2009, IWT awarded almost 300 million Euro Netherlands Randstad (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, that Ghent is a city with growing appeal for foreign to projects run by companies and/or knowledge The Hague and Utrecht) in the north, the German investors is demonstrated by the recent biennial centers. IWT promotes networking and cooperation Ruhr region in the east, London in the west and survey conducted by the Financial Times’ fDi among all innovative actors in Flanders and the French cities of Paris and the Lille-Roubaix- Magazine. In the 2010/2011 survey of attractive throughout the European Union. Tourcoing conurbation in the south. Its strategic European regions and cities for investors, Ghent location gives Ghent huge potential. Other ranks in the top 10 in the category of cities with Before a company sets up a business in Flanders, large cities such as Brussels and Antwerp and fewer than 250,000 inhabitants. An excellent it can consult with the IWT over possible support. neighboring France and the Netherlands are a performance that perfectly reflects the city’s If the IWT decides not to support a given project, mere one hour’s drive from the city. While Brussels ambitions. the applicant receives a detailed explanation and International Airport is only 60 km away, Brussels advice as to why and where the application file falls and Antwerp are hubs of the European HST Zoom in on the Port of Ghent short. IWT also knows how to offer added value to network. The socioeconomic importance of the Port of Ghent innovative players. for the Ghent and Flemish region as a whole should The Port of Ghent is an ideal gateway for logistical not be overstated . 70,000 people are employed in The next stage: helpful venture capital operations. It lies at the intersection of busy inland or around the port by over 300 companies. 70,000 Flanders also has a lot of business angels and waterways and occupies a central place in the people are employed in or around the port by over venture capitalists that help innovative businesses important transport corridor between Ghent and 300 companies. With an annual throughput of grow. With 30 years of experience, Gimv Paris. The ambitious Seine-Nord canal project is more than 48 million tons of cargo, the Port of (www.gimv.com), for example, is the most planned for this high-capacity waterway link. This Ghent is the third largest in the country. It is a important venture capital provider in our will improve inland access via the Upper Scheldt, medium, congestion-free port with 28 km of quay country and a major player on the European and the Canal Seine-Nord and Seine River. walls and 220 km of railway tracks, spread over international investment market. 4,700 hectares (about 11,610 acres). The seaport Listed on Euronext Brussels, Gimv manages a The City of Ghent has 243,155 inhabitants and has of Ghent offers a perfect balance between sailing portfolio of 1.7 billion Euro in assets, including seen its population increase by 8% over the past time and feeder traffic. 17 km inland, only a few third party funds. Besides Gimv, there are dozens of eight years. The ever-growing number of students hours’ sailing from the North Sea, it helps save other venture capitalists in the Flemish landscape and schoolchildren in Ghent – currently over many kilometers and hours of road transport to the who provide local and international companies with 100,000 – makes investing even more appealing. hinterland. Furthermore, the harbor is also located start-up funding. Nowadays, the city welcomes 38,000 commuters behind a sea-lock, creating calm, tide free access.

45 The Port Authority (www.havengent.be) seeks to diversify its activities, choosing to strengthen existing industries, and focuses heavily on markets with growth potential. As a result, by 2020 the Port aims to achieve an annual maritime cargo traffic of

30 million tons and 20 million tons through inland Stad Gent © waterways.

While preserving existing industrial activities, the Port Authority intends to further expand the harbor The famous slogan “Large enough to into a logistics platform. cope, small enough to care”, fits the Port of Ghent like a glove. Ghent is not Providing fast sea access to Panamax ro-ro affected by the congestion problems that ships, the Ghent seaport is a preferred location many major European ports are facing. for industrial groups in the steel, automotive A smooth connection to various manufacturing, food, paper production, energy and European highways is a plus. chemical sectors. Ghent is a renowned seaport for handling grain, coal, cars, chemicals, steel, timber, Stad Gent © petroleum products, and building materials.

The Port of Ghent also offers room for further Why – as a knowledge-intensive expansion. With the new Kluizendok terminal and company – invest in Ghent? surrounding business parks where 600 hectares of students of the second largest university in (close to 1,500 acres) remain available, Ghent Ghent offers a lot of advantages for international Flanders has dramatically increased by 22% over certainly holds yet another asset for investors who knowledge-intensive firms. As a large knowledge the past four years. Thanks to the University, are keen to develop new activities in the harbor pool, the city offers a strong network in which Ghent has a large, steadily growing knowledge pool area. As a medium sized harbor, the Port of Ghent companies and research institutions collaborate to at its disposal. For instance, 3,198 PhD students is strategically located in the logistics heart of push back the boundaries of innovation. registered at Ghent University for the academic Europe: a unique location therefore for investors year 2010/2011: a 46% increase over the past 5 looking for new, ready-to-build lots within the The biggest and fastest growing years. The University launched Doctoral Schools port area. The Port of Ghent intends to maintain knowledge pool in order to deliver a high level and internationally its position as the seaport with the largest biofuel The third-level education population of over recognized education and scientific training to cluster in Europe. At the Kluizendok terminal, 80 67,000 students makes Ghent by far the largest these students. The development of these schools is hectares (198 acres) have been reserved for the bio- student city in Flanders. With 33,000 students, set to help recruit researchers from the four corners based chemical industry. Ghent University plays a leading role. The number of the world.

46 • Pfizer also chose Ghent for the establishment involve other companies and universities and/or of a research center: PARC or Pfizer Analytical colleges, and, to a lesser extent, public or private Research Center. This ‘Center of Excellence’ research institutes. combines the expertise of the research group The many research institutes also generate spin- on separation techniques in organic chemistry offs. Thus, Ghent University, together with VIB,

Gent BC © at Ghent University with Pfizer’s expertise. The creates two or three spin-offs every year and the center aims to develop rapid techniques for number of spin-offs is expected to increase in the pharmaceutical analysis and the discovery of coming years. new drugs. For me, Ghent is the Burgundian version of Silicon Valley. The convivial atmosphere of the gourmet restaurants, beautiful squares and Flourishing cooperation between great pubs. But there’s something even greater businesses, universities and colleges than that: the innovative start-ups, the huge Ghent University scores high in terms of concentration of interesting people and an cooperation between industry and business as the almost Dutch entrepreneurial spirit! level of services and collaborative research ranks Polle de Maagt (Netherlands), Marketing relatively high. Indeed, many research groups Consultant, InSites Consulting conduct applied research. This is also felt by the knowledge-intensive firms in Ghent; they indicate Life sciences focusing on biotech that close partnerships have to be forged in matters 27 life sciences companies are currently of innovation.These collaborations primarily established in Ghent. The presence of a Foreign companies involved in research technology park and two bioincubators activities certainly explains this. Furthermore, In recent years, Ghent has succeeded in convincing the biotech sector benefits tremendously a number of major foreign companies to start from the close proximity of Ghent research activities within its boundaries. University Hospital, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB) and Ghent University. The presence of Ghent Bio- • As a result, it is in Ghent that Yakult set up its Energy Valley (and the Bio Base Europe first European scientific research center. Yakult project) for the further development of is a global pioneer and innovator in preventive white biotechnology is equally important. healthcare and probiotics, and plans to expand its scientific platforms in this European center. To that end the Japanese company has decided

to establish itself at the VIB bio incubator in Ugent © Ghent.

47 Huge IWT support to the Ghent region Companies and research centers and institutions Ghent. The non-profit association Ghent Web Valley can rely on government assistance for the was founded in 2010. It seeks to market Ghent development of new knowledge. In Flanders, the as the ‘online knowledge center’, and thus attract IWT awards project grants for R&D. In the period international investors and new talent to jointly from 2007 to 2009, 240 different companies from expand the online event. The Waalse Krook center the Ghent district received funding from IWT as of knowledge and culture, scheduled for completion sole applicants or partners in a project. Concretely, in 2015, will reinforce this movement even more. this resulted in 1272 IWT projects in that period.

Strong patent position in technology areas such as biotech, chemicals, pharmaceuticals and telecoms The annual number of patents from Ghent University has risen steadily from 2002 to 2008. If the patents in the portfolio are linked to their technology domain based on their International Patent Classification, over one third seems to be linked to biotechnology. Emeritus Professor Marc Van Montagu: the birth of Developing Countries (IPBO) at the Still, Ghent does not rely solely on the university plant biotechnology University of Ghent. The mission of the for its patents. Large companies and knowledge institute includes training, technology institutions like Innogenetics and VIB have Ghent is the birthplace of biotechnology. transfer and research in plant developed and patented new technologies and Indeed, it was Professor Marc Van biotechnology aimed at meeting the processes. Taking this into account, the patent Montagu who along with his colleague needs of less developed countries. He is position in biotechnology is even better. Joseph Schell discovered the mechanism chairman of the PRRI (Public Research of “gene transfer”, which is paramount and Regulation Initiative) and EFB Ghent also ranks high in the field of for the genetic modification of plants. (European Federation of Biotechnology). telecommunications, a situation that is certainly Van Montagu is the founder of two Marc Van Montagu has received six attributable to the presence of IBBT. In addition to spin-offs: Plant Genetic Systems (PGS) honorary doctorates and several awards, big names like TomTom and Netlog, many fledgling and CropDesign. In 2000 he founded including the prestigious Japan Prize. ICT companies choose to establish themselves in the Institute of Plant Biotechnology for

48 49 Stad Gent ©

Focus on some of the foreign and chemicals manufacturers. The knowledge companies in Ghent: group holds more than 2,200 patents. • ArcelorMittal Gent is part of • TomTom took over the Ghent-based the steel giant ArcelorMittal. It is company TeleAtlas in June 2008. a maritime and integrated steel Since then, TeleAtlas is part of the company and one of the most market leader in GPS and navigation integrated steel producers within the applications. group. • Bayer Bioscience was founded • Kronos Europe is part of Kronos in 1982. The company is the Worldwide and produces titanium biggest innovation center in plant dioxide pigments on an industrial biotechnology of Bayer CropScience. scale. • Yakult Belgium, expert in the field • Esko Graphics is a world leader in of health products and probiotics, innovative software and hardware introduced in 1995 in Belgium solutions for the design, production, the probiotic dairy drink Yakult, communication and management containing the Lactobacillus casei stages of the full graphics and Shirota (LcS) bacteria. The LcS packaging chains. bacterium in Yakult is a lactic acid • Milliken Europe is part of Milliken bacterium that helps support the & Company, one of the largest textile immune system.

Stad Gent ©

50 Ghent offers room for development

A vision was developed to accommodate in and Actually, most of the knowledge firms are located Science Park for example. Rijvissche will offer around the city the often fast growing knowledge- in the southern mosaic, primarily in the Zwijnaarde 65,000 m² of gross floor area to knowledge-based based companies. This vision is bearing fruit today Technology Park. In the field of biotechnology, but companies that have close links with knowledge as international companies find the necessary also in other areas such as ICT and new materials, institutions. This park will have a direct link with infrastructure for sustainable growth in the Ghent is a magnet for high-tech companies. the nearby Technology Park. incubation centers and industrial parks. And since each year a number spin-offs see the light, additional space is being provided. From 2014, the Eiland Zwijnaarde ‘smart logistics The Ghent office market is the largest in Flanders park’ will be completed with a total allocable area after Antwerp. Today, the bulk of the office space In addition to the specific area dedicated to covering some 35 hectares (86 acres), over a total is in the center and in the southern part of the City. knowledge companies, the area earmarked for area of 60 hectares (148 acres). other businesses, whether or not international is The large urban economic projects in the pipeline also expanding. Moreover, the office space is set also provide for offices and office-like premises to increase by almost 300,000 m2 in the coming to a large extent. For an overview on urban years. development, see also: www.agsob.be and www.investingent.be. -- 82,000 m² of new offices are planned within IBBT incubation center for ICT walking distance from the Ghent Sint-Pieters The Interdisciplinary Institute for railway station. Broadband Technology (IBBT) manages -- The Loop project provides space for 155,000 an incubator, iCubes, in the Zuiderpoort m² of new offices. I find that Ghent is a big city that nonetheless office complex. Here innovative ICT -- The Old Docklands (“Oude Dokken”) urban feels like a small town, because everything is companies rent work space, close to their renewal project will not only make it possible to easily accessible by bike, bus or tram. peers. The incubator not only aims to live but also work on the waterfront. 23,000 m² The old town is extremely beautiful and very provide companies with logistical support, of new office facilities are planned there. cozy, with lots of shops, restaurants and nice but also to bring them together to bring -- Almost 30,000 m² of new offices are to be built brown cafes where you can enjoy the glorious about cross-fertilization, leading to new around the new Artevelde stadium. local beers. innovations. Niels Sluijs (Netherlands), PhD student, Ghent In addition, there are many private initiatives to University www.icubes.be build business centers and office premises in the Ghent region. The master plan of the City of Ghent provides for considerable space for knowledge- based activity, multipurpose buildings, incubators, etc. Ghent is planning to develop the Rijvissche

51 Zwijnaarde Technology Park Rijvissche Science Park The Technology Park in Zwijnaarde is employing 1,500 people in total, in the Ardoyen The City of Ghent has plans to develope the strategically located near the junction of the E40 Science Park. Most of these companies, especially Rijvissche Science Park. Rijvissche provides space Ostend-Brussels motorway with the E17 Antwerp- in biotech and ICT, are spin-offs from Ghent for new or established businesses that focus on Kortrijk motorway. The park covers an area of 52 University and start-ups from VIB (Flanders fundamental or applied research and development, hectares (128 acres) and consists of the Ardoyen Institute for Biotechnology). in conjunction with education and/or training Campus (30 hectares or 74 acres) and the Ardoyen The VIB bioincubator and the Innovation and activities. The total project area covers 13.47 Science Park (22 hectares or 54 acres). Incubation Center (IIC) at the Ardoyen Science hectares (33.28 acres), 10.88 hectares (26.88 acres) Various buildings of the Faculty of Engineering Park are ideal locations for young R&D intensive of which is earmarked as a science park. and the Faculty of Sciences of Ghent University start-ups. The concentration of biotech companies A gross floor area of 65,000 m² is available. are located on the Ardoyen campus. There are in the Ardoyen Science Park plays an important role currently about forty research-oriented companies, in the development of the Flemish biotech cluster.

E34

A selection from the list of • Academic knowledge companies and knowledge centers (Ghent University, VIB) institutions in the Technology Park: conducting world-class research on agricultural and medical 9 • Innogenetics, the first European biotech; biotech company listed on the • VIB’s head office and three research departments, two in red EASDAQ; R4 • World leaders in agricultural biotechnology and one in green biotechnology. Oostakker biotech such as Bayer BioScience Wondelgem and CropDesign; Sint-Amands- Mariakerke R4 • A mix of starter and established berg 4 biotech companies such as Ablynx Drongen Gent E17 Actogenix, AlgoNomics, BioMaric, 1. Technologiepark Ardoyen 8 Gentbrugge Devgen, etc.; 2. The Loop 3. Project Gent Sint-Pieters 3 Ledeberg • A biotech service center, which E40 4. Oude Dokken 2 R4 brings together companies 5. Artevelde Stadion St Denijs- Westrem 5 6 specialized in services (BIP, 6. Wetenschapspark Rijvissche 1 7. Eiland Zwijnaarde Zwijnaarde 7 Careers in Life Sciences, etc.); 8. Waalse Krook 9. Biobase Europe

E17

0 1.250 2.500 5.000 m ´

52 The science park is part of the Groenpool Parkbos area, and is located south of Ghent, near the University and Technology Park. Situated close to The role of FlandersBio the E40 motorway, it provides businesses with good access to the harbor, Antwerp and Brussels. Located near the future Rijvissche behind the sustained growth of Flemish Science Park, FlandersBio is the industry knowledge-based biotech business. Eiland Zwijnaarde organization for life sciences and Its main activities are networking, Bordered by three waterways, the Eiland biotechnology in Flanders. information and advocacy. Zwijnaarde area is being developed as a A non-profit association, FlandersBio sustainable regional business park. Not only will was founded in 2004 as a membership FlandersBio in figures: it accommodate offices, but also transportation, organization and currently has over 180 • 140 members, including 95 biotech logistics and distribution. The total allocable area members. “Building Biotech Bridges” is companies; covers some 35 hectares (86 acres), over a total area the slogan of FlandersBio. • 600 to 700 visitors at the annual of 60 hectares (148 acres). High quality natural and ‘Knowledge for Growth’ convention; Bridges between biotech companies, landscape framing is also taken into consideration • Represents about 10,000 workers government and academia. Between in the layout of the site. in life sciences in Flanders (the total Flanders and other countries. turnover of the biotech sector in Flan- The organization represents the industry, ders amounts to 2.9 billion Euro, with The site is being developed as a ‘smart logistics provides a positive working environment 0.5 billion Euro earmarked for R&D). park’, with: and seeks to be the driving force -- 14 hectares (34.5 acres) for knowledge- www.flandersbio.be based activity with room for the R&D of big companies or for knowledge companies with production and storage; -- 18.6 hectares (46 acres) for logistic and mixed activity, waterborne wherever possible; -- A flexible area of 3.1 hectares (7.66 acres), filled with either knowledge activity, or with logistics activities; this area is to be allocated last.

Eiland Zwijnaarde is accessible by highway, waterway and an extensive bicycle network; the industrial sites will also be accessible via public transport. The first companies will be able to open their doors in late 2014.

53 The Loop ‘Ghent The Loop’ is the public-private development The project also includes the restoration of the of a new district. Laid out over 145 hectares (358 former Winter Circus which is part of the site so acres), it is aiming for an international atmosphere. that it can accommodate the Flemish Institute It will provide a concentration of professional and for Archives and Access to Audiovisual Heritage retail activities, as well as leisure and residential (VIAA). The Center for new media will also offer amnenities in a high quality and stimulating space to young, innovative companies. environment. The first stage includes the construction of 336,500 m² of floor space out of a Furthermore, housing, thematically related retail, planned total of 552,500 m². In addition to 150.000 catering and leisure initiatives will get a place in m² dedicated to office-like premises, there is also and around the former circus. The construction room for 155.000 m² of new offices. work will start in 2012, with the opening of the The development is phased over a period of about Library of the Future and the Center for New Media 20 years. Furthermore, The Loop is located in the planned for late 2015. southern part of Ghent, near the E17/E40 motorway interchange.

The Waalse Krook The City of Ghent is planning to create the ‘Library of the Future’ and the ‘Center for new media’ on the “Waalse Krook” site. There, knowledge and culture will be collected, stored, accessed and used on both traditional (paper) and high-tech media. To keep up with the latest developments, the library will work with Ghent University and the IBBT. The IBBT and some departments of the University have expressed great interest in the possibility of establishing themselves on the site. This will allow a direct flow of innovations towards the library, where they will be available for every visitor. Researchers and users will also be able to meet there. As a result the Waalse Krook will be a living laboratory from which all parties can draw direct knowledge. Ugent ©

54 Bio Base Europe: Pilot Plant for Industrial Biotechnology and Biorefining

Bio Base Europe is a partnership between Ghent main paths toward industrial sustainability. pilot facilities that make it possible to develop new Bio-Energy Valley and Biopark Terneuzen in Bio Base Europe consists of two parts: a pilot bioprocesses to an industrial scale. the Netherlands. Both organizations have long plant and a training center. The Bio Base Europe The Pilot Plant (commissioned in the first half campaigned for the development of a bio-based Pilot Plant will focus mainly on second-generation of 2011) is located in the Port of Ghent, in the economy in the border region of Flanders and technologies. It will be used to convert agricultural Rodenhuizekaai area, right by the biorefinery. the Netherlands. This economy is not just byproducts and crops not intended for consumption about biofuels; it also involves the development such as wheat straw, corn cobs, wood chips, In addition, the Bio Base Europe initiative will of bio-based products such as natural dyes, Jatropha and algae oils into biofuels, bioplastics include a state-of-the-art training center, the Bio bioplastics, biochemicals and biological detergents. and other bio-based products. The Bio Base Europe Base Europe Training Center, in order to tackle Bio Base Europe is a progressive European pilot installation is a flexible and diverse pilot plant the industry-wide shortage of skilled process initiative aimed at developing the bio-based covering the entire value chain in a single location, operators and technical maintenance experts. economy of the future. from green sources to the final product. The Bio Base Europe Training Center will be It acts as an open innovation center for commercial located in Terneuzen, just across the border in the Bio Base Europe is the first initiative of this kind companies and research institutions that focus on Netherlands and 30 km from the Pilot Plant. in Europe. It seeks to develop a unique platform bio-based activities the world over. Even though for the promotion of sustainable bioprocesses, scientists have already demonstrated the potential www.biobaseeurope.org which facilitate the development of bio-energy and of these technologies in laboratory trials, bio-based products from renewable biomass the difficulty lies in scaling these processes up for resources and reduces the dependence on limited mass production. The Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant fossil fuels. This transition is considered one of the is designed to overcome this hurdle, by creating

55 56 National Geographic Traveler Magazine “combines brilliantly the past and a called Ghent the third most authentic modern, bustling city.” destination in the world. And in 2010 the Lonely Planet guide wondered And that’s exactly why the city and its aloud why Europe had kept Ghent inhabitants are so in tune with each hidden for so long. The biggest other. Ghent people are naturally travel guide in the world promptly progressive and open-minded. This ranked Artevelde’s city among the is certainly due to the presence of world’s top 10. the University and various colleges, totaling a population of 67,000 Both publications describe Ghent as students. In Ghent, we live to the full, an authentic destination, full of well work hard and know how to have a Living and preserved buildings and art treasures, good time. Day and night. but that is not always the main reason why they praise the city. Time after working in time, the authors reveal that Ghent has not become a living museum, Ghent despite its historical assets, but instead

56 57 Stad Gent © Tom Dhaenens ©

58 Great shopping Multimodal mobility Never-ending choice of delicious Living and food working in p 60 p 60 p 60

Ghent A school for Made for culture Attractive museums every child lovers

p 61 p 62 p 62

For (professional) Ready to come to sports and leisure Ghent?

p 63 p 63

Visa Work permit

p 65 p 65

And your family?

p 65

58 59 Living and working in Ghent Never-ending choice of Great shopping delicious food

Even though Ghent, with over 240,000 inhabitants, Ghent is a proud Flemish city. It is therefore the is the second largest city in Flanders, it never feels ideal place to find out why so many Flemings are overcrowded. A sophisticated traffic management described as ‘Burgundians’. It’s because good food plan respects both motorists and vulnerable road is part of our national DNA. The aromas and flavors users. As a result, the historic heart of the city wafting from the numerous eateries in the city are has turned a pedestrian area of approximately 36 a case in points. The traditional Flemish cuisine hectares (89 acres) into a lovely retail center. Next wins every battle, whether the appetite is large or a to an extensive choice of specialty food stores and small. Stad Gent © supermarkets, almost all popular clothing chains can be found near the pedestrian Veldstraat. All over the city, fans of top designer brands, original clothing, jewelry and home decoration items find what they are looking for in the many boutiques set up by local and creative entrepreneurs.

Multimodal mobility

In the city, cycling is a popular mode of transport. Stad Gent © Walking, too. Actually, the main services, the commercial center and tourist attractions are Ghent may well be a smaller version of Flanders, yet located in the city center, within walking distance there is ample room for the rest of the world. The of each other. The other side of town can also be hospitality of the city is reflected in the wide range reached in time via the dense public transport of restaurants and eateries serving international network of buses, trolleybuses and trams. Cars cuisine. Just name an exotic corner of the world can be parked in one of the many underground car and you will promptly be served its national dish. parks.

60 A school for every child

According to the OECD, for years now, the Flemish the suburbs of the city. Secondary establishments Some expatriates choose to send their children to education system ranks among the best in the in the city offer a wide range of courses, both international schools. A number of private schools world. This is reflected in the choice of schools in in mainstream and in technical and vocational in Flanders and around Brussels cater for this type Ghent. The city boasts a large number of schools education, thus giving every young person of education. The City of Ghent also has plans for an with a variety of courses, philosophies and the chance to reach their full potential. Even international school. methodologies. The urban education system alone non-Dutch speaking newcomers and young people includes about 30 primary schools (nursery and who want to work part-time and study can attend primary schools) with 44 locations in the center and secondary education. Stad Gent © There is always something to do in Ghent, both socially and culturally. It is large enough to offer a wide range of activities and small enough to keep everything within reach. The city’s cosmopolitan character makes me feel right at home here. Daniel Ruiz Romera (Spain), Research Engineer, OCAS NV/ArcelorMittal Global R&D Ghent.

Stad Gent © Stad Gent © Stad Gent ©

Stad Gent © Stad Gent © Stad Gent ©

60 61 Made for culture lovers

In Ghent culture lovers are never disappointed. people visit the Ghent Festival over the 10 days. The position in the international museum world. For each classical play, there must be at least five Ghent Film Festival has been attracting interest small theaters continuously showing independent every year since 1974. The festival focuses primarily It is housed in what used to be the psychiatric productions. For every commercial cinema complex on film music, which has given it a solid position institution. It describes life in psychiatry from 1860 there is a cinema showing art-house films and among Europe’s top film events. Every year, the up to the present and shows the evolution of the quality productions from around the world. And presentation of the World Soundtrack Awards and understanding of the mentally ill and people with the nightlife in Ghent offers both traditional pubs the traditional movie awards draw international disabilities. Outsider Art is another aspect of this and trendy, original events that draw young people movie stars and over 130,000 film buffs to the red fascinating museum. from across Europe. Ghent radiates art, culture and carpet in Ghent. entertainment. Ghent was a major textile center from the Middle Attractive museums Ages until the 19th century. The Museum of September and October are traditionally the Industrial Archaeology and Textiles, MIAT, gives months focusing on classical music. Flanders The city holds a number of renowned museums. a unique insight into the dramatic technological Festival then organizes a wide range of concerts The Municipal Museum of Contemporary Art, changes that our society has undergone over usually held in the numerous historic buildings S.M.A.K. in short, is perhaps the most famous or the past 250 years. The top floor of the museum and churches adorning the city. However, Ghent’s notorious. The collection features mostly modern building offers a magnificent view over the city. cultural season never stops. There is something for European art from 1950 up to now. The museum the culture lover all year round. covers art movements such as Cobra, Pop Art, Alijn House displays every-day life in Ghent from Minimal Art, Conceptual Art and Arte Povera, with 1880 to 1970. The Ghent Festival in July and the Flanders works by some of the world’s top artists. International Film Festival Ghent in October are Across the street, stands the Museum of Fine Since 2010, the story of the development of the two must-see events. The Ghent Festival seeks Arts. One of the oldest museums in the country, City is being told in the brand new STAM. It is to encompass all kinds of cultural events, and it gives a broad picture of Flemish art from the the perfect place to look at Ghent in its historical has succeeded admirably in doing so for decades. Middle Ages until the first half of the 20th century. context, as today’s real city reveals itself in an Music, theater, multicultural encounters, street Two paintings by Hieronymus Bosch feature among innovative and interactive way. theater, gourmet paradise, carnival, circus and the masterpieces of ancient art. unique folklore performances: because of this wonderful mix, this is an unmissable event for The permanent collection of the Ghent Design those looking for authentic art, endless fun and Museum does includes a number of important unpretentious entertainment. The old town is taken 17th and 18th century interiors, but the museum over by the festivities for ten days and activities are focuses on 20th century and contemporary design. planned around the clock. Every year half a million The Dr. Guislain Museum occupies a unique

62 For (professional) sports and leisure

In Ghent, you can keep moving. The city offers camping with its hikers’ cabins and on-site catering the many sports camps the city organizes for its a wide range of modern sports halls and fields. facilities offer an ideal setting for all kinds of sports residents: the possibilities for the active or passive In addition to an extensive sports infrastructure activities. enjoyment of sports are just as diverse as the people spread over the greater Ghent area, there is a Every athlete will find what they need in the wide of Ghent themselves. concentration of sports amenities in and around range of outdoor and indoor sports facilities, the Blaarmeersen nature and recreation park. This including Flanders Top Sports Hall, the Flemish Ready to come to Ghent? is where you will find the city’s sporting lung. The Eddy Merckx Cycling Center with the brand extensive sports and leisure infrastructure, the new BMX track, the Omnisport Hall, the Top If you plan to come and work in Ghent, you may lake with its beach and sunbathing meadow, the Gymnastics Hall and the Trampoline and find the following checklist useful. To ensure that Rythmics Hall. Rowers are well catered for in the you can get here stress-free, you might want to start Watersportbaan rowing race course. by giving yourself plenty of time to apply for certain And the choice of activities for sports lovers does documents. not stop there: go kayaking through the historic city; admire the Belgian top football club AA Gent 6 months beforehand or even play football in one of the many clubs -- Gather your tax assessments for the past around Ghent; experience the cycling madness few years. They will come in handy when during the Six Days of Ghent and the Flemish completing your first tax return in Belgium, classic “Omloop Het Nieuwsblad” cycle race, especially if you have worked part of the participate in the Ghent City Run, or take part in current year in another country.

Stad Gent ©

Useful websites:

www.gent.be

www.visitgent.be

www.delijn.be

www.nmbs.be

Stad Gent © Stad Gent ©

62 63 -- Collect your bank statements and credit card -- Make copies of your birth, marriage or divorce -- Collect your children’s school certificates. That documents, which may be useful for your will make it easier to find the right school in 2 months beforehand registration in Belgium. Belgium. -- Submit your visa application to the Belgian embassy or Belgian consulate in your country -- Notify your bank of your plans to come and 2 weeks beforehand (not for EU citizens and residents of the work in Belgium and ask what is the best way to -- At the local authority where you live, get a European Economic Area (EEA)). It takes about carry out your banking transactions. certificate of good conduct, a requirement to four weeks before you receive the document in obtain a residence permit. your mailbox. -- Open a non-resident bank account in Belgium which will provide limited financial -- Find out how your health insurance can -- Contact the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of your possibilities upon your arrival. support the transition to the Belgian social country to see if there are bilateral treaties that security system. apply to nationals working in Belgium.

-- Check that your passport is valid for 15 months.

-- Make sure all the pets you wish to bring to Belgium are vaccinated against rabies.

1 month beforehand -- If you don’t live in the EU, you have to request your work permit in time. To that end, you will need to contact your (future) employer in Belgium.

Stad Gent ©

Stad Gent © Stad Gent ©

64 1 week beforehand If you are not an EU national (except EEA homosexual partners of people who are legally in -- Pets must have a health certificate issued at nationals and citizens of Iceland, Norway the country. Obviously, their stay will also involve most one week before leaving for Belgium. and Liechtenstein) who intends to exercise a some paperwork. Your partner must be over 18 self-employed activity in Belgium, you need a years of age and in possession of a passport that -- Buy French and Dutch dictionaries or phrase professional card. You can apply for this card is valid for 15 months; a copy of your ID card; books to facilitate your first formalities in either with the Belgian diplomatic or consular documents that show that you are (not) married; Belgium. In Ghent, besides their mother tongue representation in the country of last residence or documents that show that you are in a stable (Dutch) and their second language (French), with the local authority of the municipality where relationship (photographs, letters, bills, etc.); people usually speak English quite fluently. you are already legally residing in Belgium. a birth certificate; proof that your partner has sufficient financial means to live in Belgium; -- Collect medical certificates and documents that Visa proof that you will be living together in Belgium; a can testify to your registration with a social declaration of good character; a medical certificate insurance fund in your country. If you come from a country outside the European and a declaration stating that you are financially Union, Iceland, Monaco, Norway, Liechtenstein responsible for your traveling partner. Once that Work permit or Switzerland and want to stay in Belgium for arrives in Belgium with a visa type D, he/she should more than three months, you are subject to visa register with the municipality where you will stay As a foreign worker, you must hold a valid work requirements. You must first have obtained together. permit to be able to work in Belgium. This a Schengen visa type D. You must submit the prerequisite does not apply if you are a national application to the Belgian diplomatic or consular Children under the age of 16 may stay in Belgium of an EEA State or Switzerland, and for some representation in your home country. without their own travel documents provided categories of workers. Belgian employers must they are accompanied by their parents. If you request a work permit type B if they want to employ If you want to come to Belgium to work, you must are divorced, you must be in possession of an a foreign worker. Based on this work permit you can hold a passport valid for at least one year, a recent admission certificate signed by your former partner then apply for a visa. certificate of good conduct covering the last five and that was authorized by the authorities of your years, a medical certificate and a work permit. place of residence. This work permit must be requested by a Belgian employer and is delivered together with the professional card type B. When the visa is issued and you arrive in Belgium as a foreign national, you must register with the municipal authority of your place of residence in order to further regularize your stay. And your family?

Belgium has a progressive legislation with flexible Stad Gent © Stad Gent © provisions for the long-term heterosexual or

64 65 Useful websites No part of this publication may be reproduced Contact: or published by print, photocopy, microfilm, +32 9 210 10 60 General information: electronically or by any other means, without [email protected] www.diplomatie.be the prior written consent of the City of Ghent. www.investingent.be [email protected] Visas and residence permits: website of Aliens’ Chief Editor www.gentbc.be Office –https://dofi.ibz.be Sofie Bracke, City of Ghent Deputy-Mayor for Innovation and Employment, Botermarkt 1, 9000 This publication is also available in English e-mail: [email protected] Ghent Cette publication est également disponible en français Work permits: website of Immigration and Photographic material Naturalization Services – www.werk.be Foto cover : Tom Dhaenens Issue date: March 2011 e-mail: [email protected] Project leader City of Ghent Register Online / Ghent City Council: Annemie De Tremerie www.gent.be – population/foreign nationals/ foreign students/ E counter Production Fishtank e-mail: [email protected] Coordination: Remi Maddens www.fishtank.be Studying in Ghent: www.studentingent.be Design & layout 6+1 Studio director: Philippe De Wulf Graphic designers: Karolien Pletinck, Jeison Malagon and Sophie Koch. www.sixplusone.be

Texts & translations Com&co Copy: Hans Vandenberghe www.comco.be

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