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Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016
Journal of US-China Public Administration, August 2016, Vol. 13, No. 8, 499-517 doi: 10.17265/1548-6591/2016.08.001 D DAVID PUBLISHING Reviewing and Evaluating the Direct Elections to the Legislative Council and the Transformation of Political Parties in Hong Kong, 1991-2016 Chung Fun Steven Hung The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong After direct elections were instituted in Hong Kong, politicization inevitably followed democratization. This paper intends to evaluate how political parties’ politics happened in Hong Kong’s recent history. The research was conducted through historical comparative analysis, with the context of Hong Kong during the sovereignty transition and the interim period of democratization being crucial. For the implementation of “one country, two systems”, political democratization was hindered and distinct political scenarios of Hong Kong’s transformation were made. The democratic forces had no alternative but to seek more radicalized politics, which caused a decisive fragmentation of the local political parties where the establishment camp was inevitable and the democratic blocs were split into many more small groups individually. It is harmful. It is not conducive to unity and for the common interests of the publics. This paper explores and evaluates the political history of Hong Kong and the ways in which the limited democratization hinders the progress of Hong Kong’s transformation. Keywords: election politics, historical comparative, ruling, democratization The democratizing element of the Hong Kong political system was bounded within the Legislative Council under the principle of the separation of powers of the three governing branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. Popular elections for the Hong Kong legislature were introduced and implemented for 25 years (1991-2016) and there were eight terms of general elections for the Legislative Council. -
Hong Kong Public Opinion Program of Hong Kong Public Opinion Research Institute
Hong Kong Public Opinion Program of Hong Kong Public Opinion Research Institute “Opinion Survey on the Staying or Resignation of Democratic Camp Legislative Councillors” a.k.a. “Council Frontline, People’s Choice Survey” Survey Report 2020 9 21 26 Survey Date: 21 to 26 September 2020 2020 9 29 Release Date: 29 September 2020 ( ) ( ) Copyright of this report was generated by the Hong Kong Public Opinion Program (HKPOP) and opened to the world. HKPOP proactively promotes open data, open technology and the free flow of ideas, knowledge and information. The predecessor of HKPOP was the Public Opinion Programme at The University of Hong Kong (HKUPOP). “HKPOP” or “POP” in this publication may refer to HKPOP or HKUPOP as the case may be. HKPOP “Opinion Survey on the Staying or Resignation of Democratic Camp Legislative Councillors” Survey Report Contents Background ................................................................................................................... 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................. 3 Survey Result ................................................................................................................ 4 Core Findings ........................................................................................................ 5 Reference Findings ............................................................................................... 6 Appendixes ........................................................................................................................ -
2014-2015 Report on Police Violence in the Umbrella Movement
! ! ! ! ! 2014-2015 Report on Police Violence in the Umbrella Movement A report of the State Violence Database Project in Hong Kong Compiled by The Professional Commons and Hong Kong In-Media ! ! ! Table!of!Contents! ! About!us! ! About!the!research! ! Maps!/!Glossary! ! Executive!Summary! ! 1.! Report!on!physical!injury!and!mental!trauma!...........................................................................................!13! 1.1! Physical!injury!....................................................................................................................................!13! 1.1.1! Injury!caused!by!police’s!direct!smacking,!beating!and!disperse!actions!..................................!14! 1.1.2! Excessive!use!of!force!during!the!arrest!process!.......................................................................!24! 1.1.3! Connivance!at!violence,!causing!injury!to!many!.......................................................................!28! 1.1.4! Delay!of!rescue!and!assault!on!medical!volunteers!..................................................................!33! 1.1.5! Police’s!use!of!violence!or!connivance!at!violence!against!journalists!......................................!35! 1.2! Psychological!trauma!.........................................................................................................................!39! 1.2.1! Psychological!trauma!caused!by!use!of!tear!gas!by!the!police!..................................................!39! 1.2.2! Psychological!trauma!resulting!from!violence!...........................................................................!41! -
Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong: China’S Response to Occupy Central and the Future of “One Country, Two Systems”∗
Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong: China’s Response to Occupy Central and the Future of “One Country, Two Systems”∗ Carole J. Petersen† and Alvin Y.H. Cheung†† I.!!!!!!Introduction .............................................................................. 2! II.!!!!The “One Country, Two Systems” Model: Formal Autonomy but with an Executive-Led System ...................... 8! III. Legal Protections for Academic Freedom and Critical Speech in Hong Kong’s Constitutional Framework ............ 13! IV. University Governance: The Impact of Increased Centralization and Control ................................................... 20! V. !Conflicts between The Academic Community and the Hong Kong and Central Governments ................................ 28! VI. Beijing’s Retribution: Increased Interference in Hong Kong Universities ................................................................ 40! VII. The Disapearing Booksellers ............................................... 53! VIII. Conclusion ........................................................................... 58! *Copyright © 2016 Carole J. Petersen and Alvin Y.H. Cheung. The authors thank the academics who agreed to be interviewed for this article and research assistants Jasmine Dave, Jason Jutz, and Jai Keep-Barnes for their assistance with research and editing. This is an updated version of a paper presented at a roundtable organized by the Council on Foreign Relations on December 15, 2015, and the authors thank the chair of the roundtable, Professor Jerome A. Cohen, and other participants for their comments. The William S. Richardson School of Law at the University of Hawai’i at Manoa supported Professor Petersen’s travel to Hong Kong to conduct interviews for this article. † Carole J. Petersen is a Professor at the William S. Richardson School of Law and Director of the Matsunaga Institute for Peace and Conflict Resolution, University of Hawai’i at Manoa. She taught law at the University of Hong Kong from 1991–2006 and at the City University of Hong Kong from 1989-1991. -
Response to Charles
LC Paper No. CB(2)238/13-14(01) LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL Panel on Constitutional Affairs Written Response to Hon Charles MOK’s letter dated 18 October 2013 proposing to introduce a public domain exemption under the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance Introduction In his letter dated 18 October 2013, Hon Charles MOK proposed to review the Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (“Ordinance”) with a view to introducing an exemption from use limitation for personal data available in the public domain. Attached with the letter are the results of an online survey (the “Survey”) conducted by Hon Charles MOK and the Hong Kong Wireless Technology Industry Association (“WTIA”) to collect industry opinion. This paper serves to provide background information to the issues in question and the response of the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (“Commissioner”). Investigation Report on Smartphone Application “Do No Evil” published on 13 August 2013 2. The Commissioner published an investigation report 1 on 13 August 2013 regarding the Smartphone Application “Do No Evil” (“App”). The App was launched in 2012. It was supported by the database of Glorious Destiny Investments Limited (“GDI”), which reportedly holds 2 million records of civil and criminal litigation as well as bankruptcy cases. After installing the App, users could search if such records existed for a target person. The search results could show the target person’s name, partial identity card numbers, address, court type, action number, nature of civil case, criminal charge, company directors’ data and more. 3. The App’s publicised use was to conduct due diligence review and background check for decisions involving the offer of a job to a potential 1 Available at http://www.pcpd.org.hk/english/publications/files/R13_9744_e.pdf 1 employee, including a private tutor and a domestic helper; signing of tenancy agreements with prospective tenants; or signing contracts with business partners. -
Minutes Have Been Cleared with the Chairman)
立法會 Legislative Council Ref : CB2/PL/CA LC Paper No. CB(2)260/19-20 (These minutes have been cleared with the Chairman) Panel on Constitutional Affairs Minutes of special meeting held on Tuesday, 5 November 2019, at 4:30 pm in Conference Room 1 of the Legislative Council Complex Members : Hon CHEUNG Kwok-kwan, JP (Chairman) present Hon Tommy CHEUNG Yu-yan, GBS, JP Prof Hon Joseph LEE Kok-long, SBS, JP Hon Jeffrey LAM Kin-fung, GBS, JP Hon WONG Ting-kwong, GBS, JP Hon Starry LEE Wai-king, SBS, JP Hon CHAN Kin-por, GBS, JP Dr Hon Priscilla LEUNG Mei-fun, SBS, JP Hon WONG Kwok-kin, SBS, JP Hon Paul TSE Wai-chun, JP Hon Claudia MO Hon Steven HO Chun-yin, BBS Hon WU Chi-wai, MH Hon MA Fung-kwok, SBS, JP Hon Charles Peter MOK, JP Hon CHAN Chi-chuen Hon LEUNG Che-cheung, SBS, MH, JP Hon Alice MAK Mei-kuen, BBS, JP Hon KWOK Wai-keung, JP Hon Dennis KWOK Wing-hang Hon Christopher CHEUNG Wah-fung, SBS, JP Dr Hon Helena WONG Pik-wan Hon IP Kin-yuen Hon Martin LIAO Cheung-kong, SBS, JP Dr Hon CHIANG Lai-wan, SBS, JP Ir Dr Hon LO Wai-kwok, SBS, MH, JP Hon Alvin YEUNG Hon Jimmy NG Wing-ka, BBS, JP Hon Junius HO Kwan-yiu, JP Hon HO Kai-ming - 2 - Hon LAM Cheuk-ting Hon Holden CHOW Ho-ding Hon SHIU Ka-chun Hon Tanya CHAN Hon LUK Chung-hung, JP Hon LAU Kwok-fan, MH Hon Kenneth LAU Ip-keung, BBS, MH, JP Dr Hon CHENG Chung-tai Hon Jeremy TAM Man-ho Hon Gary FAN Kwok-wai Hon AU Nok-hin Hon Tony TSE Wai-chuen, BBS Members : Hon James TO Kun-sun absent Hon Abraham SHEK Lai-him, GBS, JP Hon Mrs Regina IP LAU Suk-yee, GBS, JP Hon CHAN Han-pan, BBS, JP Dr Hon KWOK Ka-ki Dr Hon Fernando CHEUNG Chiu-hung Hon CHUNG Kwok-pan Hon CHU Hoi-dick Hon HUI Chi-fung Hon KWONG Chun-yu Clerk in : Ms Joanne MAK attendance Chief Council Secretary (2) 3 Staff in : Miss Flora TAI attendance Assistant Secretary General 2 Ms Jasmine TAM Senior Council Secretary (2) 3 Miss Connie AU Senior Council Secretary (2) 6 Mr Dennis HO Council Secretary (2) 3 Mrs Fonny TSANG Legislative Assistant (2) 3 - 3 - I. -
OFFICIAL RECORD of PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 25
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ― 25 March 2020 5187 OFFICIAL RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Wednesday, 25 March 2020 The Council met at Eleven o'clock MEMBERS PRESENT: THE PRESIDENT THE HONOURABLE ANDREW LEUNG KWAN-YUEN, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE JAMES TO KUN-SUN THE HONOURABLE LEUNG YIU-CHUNG THE HONOURABLE ABRAHAM SHEK LAI-HIM, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE TOMMY CHEUNG YU-YAN, G.B.S., J.P. PROF THE HONOURABLE JOSEPH LEE KOK-LONG, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE JEFFREY LAM KIN-FUNG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE WONG TING-KWONG, G.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE STARRY LEE WAI-KING, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN HAK-KAN, B.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN KIN-POR, G.B.S., J.P. DR THE HONOURABLE PRISCILLA LEUNG MEI-FUN, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE WONG KWOK-KIN, S.B.S., J.P. 5188 LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ― 25 March 2020 THE HONOURABLE PAUL TSE WAI-CHUN, J.P. THE HONOURABLE CLAUDIA MO THE HONOURABLE MICHAEL TIEN PUK-SUN, B.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE STEVEN HO CHUN-YIN, B.B.S. THE HONOURABLE FRANKIE YICK CHI-MING, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE WU CHI-WAI, M.H. THE HONOURABLE YIU SI-WING, B.B.S. THE HONOURABLE MA FUNG-KWOK, S.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHARLES PETER MOK, J.P. THE HONOURABLE CHAN CHI-CHUEN THE HONOURABLE CHAN HAN-PAN, B.B.S., J.P. THE HONOURABLE LEUNG CHE-CHEUNG, S.B.S., M.H., J.P. -
Of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’S Republic of China to Be Moved by Hon Alvin YEUNG
Appendix 6 Motion under Article 73(5) and (10) of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China to be moved by Hon Alvin YEUNG Wording of the Motion That, pursuant to Article 73(5) and (10) of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, this Council summons the Commissioner of Police, Director of Fire Services, Chairman of the MTR Corporation Limited (“MTRCL”) and Operations Director of MTRCL to attend before the Council at its earliest meeting after the passage of this motion to produce all relevant papers, books, incident logs, voice communication records, textual communication logs, closed-circuit television footage, footage captured by the Police during the operation, duty logs of police officers, inventory records of police equipment, duty logs of fire personnel, inventory records of fire services equipment and other relevant documents and to testify or give evidence on the law enforcement operation conducted by the Police inside Prince Edward Station of MTRCL and the compartments of a train at the station on 31 August 2019, the casualties caused by the operation, the relevant rescue operation of the Fire Services Department, and other related matters. Appendix 7 Motion under Article 73(5) and (10) of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China to be moved by Dr Hon KWOK Ka-ki Wording of the Motion That, pursuant to Article 73(5) and (10) of the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special -
Minutes Have Been Cleared with the Chairman) Ref: CB4/SS/2/20
立法會 Legislative Council LC Paper No. CB(4)104/20-21 (These minutes have been cleared with the Chairman) Ref: CB4/SS/2/20 Subcommittee on Five Pieces of Subsidiary Legislation Relating to the Extension of Waivers of Government Fees and Charges to Support the Maritime and Logistics Sectors Minutes of the first meeting held on Monday, 2 November 2020, at 11:15 am in Conference Room 2A of the Legislative Council Complex Members present : Hon Jeremy TAM Man-ho (Chairman) Hon James TO Kun-sun Hon LEUNG Yiu-chung Hon Abraham SHEK Lai-him, GBS, JP Prof Hon Joseph LEE Kok-long, SBS, JP Hon Frankie YICK Chi-ming, SBS, JP Dr Hon KWOK Ka-ki Dr Hon Fernando CHEUNG Chiu-hung Dr Hon Helena WONG Pik-wan Hon IP Kin-yuen Hon Alvin YEUNG Hon Andrew WAN Siu-kin Hon LAM Cheuk-ting Hon SHIU Ka-chun Member attending : Hon Claudia MO Members absent : Hon WU Chi-wai, MH Hon Dennis KWOK Wing-hang Hon HUI Chi-fung Hon KWONG Chun-yu - 2 - Clerk in attendance : Ms Shirley CHAN Chief Council Secretary (4)5 Staff in attendance : Miss Rachel DAI Assistant Legal Adviser 2 Ms Shirley TAM Senior Council Secretary (4)5 Ms Lauren LI Council Secretary (4)5 Ms Zoe TONG Legislative Assistant (4)5 Miss Mandy LUI Clerical Assistant (4)5 Action I. Election of Chairman Election of Chairman Mr James TO, the member of the highest precedence among those present at the meeting, presided over the election of Chairman. He invited nominations for the chairmanship of the Subcommittee. -
Cloud Financial Services
23RD - 24TH FEBRUARY 2016 | CORDIS HONG KONG, LANGHAM PLACE CLOUD FINANCIAL SERVICES ACCELERATING TRANSFORMATION ACROSS BANKING, INSURANCE AND CAPITAL MARKET ENVIRONMENTS SHOWGUIDE WWW.CLOUDFSASIA.COM EXECUTIVE PARTNERS ASSOCIATE PARTNERS ORGANISED BY: SUPPORTING PARTNERS CLOUD FINANCIAL WELCOME SERVICES Dear Attendee, I would like to start by wishing you a very Happy Chinese New Year and I hope the year of the Monkey Page proves a fruitful one for you! CONTENTS Secondly thanks for coming to the first edition of the Cloud Financial Services Asia event and joining Day 1 Agenda 3 the thought leading discussions we have on show. Day 2 Agenda 5 Cloud computing applications are gaining popularity among financial institutions very quickly with adoption doubling in the past year. This is due to several factors; providers of cloud solutions have Social Networking @ Cloud bolstered the security and reliability of their offerings which makes it a more viable option for financial institutions to adopt. Financeial Services Asia 2016 6 Not only this but spiralling costs and regulator requirements on the amount of capital reserves financial Speakers 7 – 11 institutions must hold have meant that substantial upfront investments in capital intensive data centres are no longer viable. This has meant that slowly a paradigm shift is taking place towards an outsourced Partners 12 - 13 model of IT capability. This transformation isn’t only cost driven but there is a need for large financial institutions to become more agile and flexible institutions in order to appeal to the new generation of customers and compete with the emerging Fintech industry. I hope that you find the event beneficial in aiding you in your goals of learning more about this emerging technology and how it can help your business in developing new IT capabilities while cutting costs. -
Now Is the Time to Give Civic Party Its Last Rites
8 | Wednesday, April21, 2021 HONG KONG EDITION | CHINA DAILY COMMENTHK Yang Sheng Now is the time to give Harris’ antics Civic Party its last rites threaten to bring Grenville Cross says the political group has done more harm HKBA down to Hong Kong than any other and its departure is long overdue aul Harris, a former British politician and current chair- man of the Hong Kong Bar Association (HKBA), spouted some uneducated theories that fully exposed his hypo- n November 11, 2020, the the national anthem law, both of which Hong critical self in a recent interview, in which he questioned National People’s Con- Kong was constitutionally obliged to enact. In Pthe legitimacy of the National People’s Congress’ (NPC) decision gress Standing Committee consequence, there was legislative gridlock, to improve Hong Kong’s electoral system, claiming that the vet- (NPCSC) adopted a resolu- with 14 bills and 89 items of subsidiary legisla- ting of candidates by a review committee may violate voter rights tion whereby members of tion being blocked, many a ecting people’s by limiting their choices. However, he failed to mention the fact the Hong Kong Legislative livelihoods. Although the deadlock was fi nally that vetting candidates is a common practice around the world to Council immediately lost Grenville Cross broken on May 18, no thanks to Kwok, his ensure national security or other national interests. Would Paul their seats if, in violation of their oaths of The author is a senior counsel, law professor was an unprecedented move to paralyze the Harris, who served as a councilor of Oxford city in the past, cast and criminal justice analyst, and was previ- o ce, they were deemed to have engaged in Legislative Council, and to prevent it from dis- the same human rights abuse suspicion over the relevant laws of O ously the director of public prosecutions of charging the legislative functions required of various nefarious activities. -
Chapter 6 Hong Kong
CHAPTER 6 HONG KONG Key Findings • The Hong Kong government’s proposal of a bill that would allow for extraditions to mainland China sparked the territory’s worst political crisis since its 1997 handover to the Mainland from the United Kingdom. China’s encroachment on Hong Kong’s auton- omy and its suppression of prodemocracy voices in recent years have fueled opposition, with many protesters now seeing the current demonstrations as Hong Kong’s last stand to preserve its freedoms. Protesters voiced five demands: (1) formal with- drawal of the bill; (2) establishing an independent inquiry into police brutality; (3) removing the designation of the protests as “riots;” (4) releasing all those arrested during the movement; and (5) instituting universal suffrage. • After unprecedented protests against the extradition bill, Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam suspended the measure in June 2019, dealing a blow to Beijing which had backed the legislation and crippling her political agenda. Her promise in September to formally withdraw the bill came after months of protests and escalation by the Hong Kong police seeking to quell demonstrations. The Hong Kong police used increasingly aggressive tactics against protesters, resulting in calls for an independent inquiry into police abuses. • Despite millions of demonstrators—spanning ages, religions, and professions—taking to the streets in largely peaceful pro- test, the Lam Administration continues to align itself with Bei- jing and only conceded to one of the five protester demands. In an attempt to conflate the bolder actions of a few with the largely peaceful protests, Chinese officials have compared the movement to “terrorism” and a “color revolution,” and have im- plicitly threatened to deploy its security forces from outside Hong Kong to suppress the demonstrations.