Use and Protection of Archaeological Sites in Greece: Policies and Practices 1975–2018
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Military Entrepreneurship in the Shadow of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949)
JPR Men of the Gun and Men of the State: Military Entrepreneurship in the Shadow of the Greek Civil War (1946–1949) Spyros Tsoutsoumpis Abstract: The article explores the intersection between paramilitarism, organized crime, and nation-building during the Greek Civil War. Nation-building has been described in terms of a centralized state extending its writ through a process of modernisation of institutions and monopolisation of violence. Accordingly, the presence and contribution of private actors has been a sign of and a contributive factor to state-weakness. This article demonstrates a more nuanced image wherein nation-building was characterised by pervasive accommodations between, and interlacing of, state and non-state violence. This approach problematises divisions between legal (state-sanctioned) and illegal (private) violence in the making of the modern nation state and sheds new light into the complex way in which the ‘men of the gun’ interacted with the ‘men of the state’ in this process, and how these alliances impacted the nation-building process at the local and national levels. Keywords: Greece, Civil War, Paramilitaries, Organized Crime, Nation-Building Introduction n March 1945, Theodoros Sarantis, the head of the army’s intelligence bureau (A2) in north-western Greece had a clandestine meeting with Zois Padazis, a brigand-chief who operated in this area. Sarantis asked Padazis’s help in ‘cleansing’ the border area from I‘unwanted’ elements: leftists, trade-unionists, and local Muslims. In exchange he promised to provide him with political cover for his illegal activities.1 This relationship that extended well into the 1950s was often contentious. -
Speakers' Bios
Sandra Ghandi Al Azzeh, Education for Employment alumnus Sandra Ghandi Al Azzeh is an alumnus of Education for Employment (EFE). She graduated from Bethlehem University in 2012 with a degree in Hotel Management. Despite the challenging job market in Palestine she was able to find a receptionist position in the hostel of a local Lutheran Church. After three years there, she realized that there was no opportunity for advancement and felt that she was being exploited as a young worker. Looking to advance her career, in 2013 she applied for the hospitality training program at Palestine Education for Employment (PEFE). PEFE had partnered with Ararat Hotel, a luxury hotel and the second largest in Bethlehem, to help the hotel source entry-level employees with strong time management, customer service and communications skills needed for positions in the hospitality agency. After the month- long training course, Sandra was placed into a job at Ararat and has quickly moved up in the ranks, becoming a front office supervisor. She aims to become the general manager of a hotel, and wants to focus specifically on recruiting young, entry-level employees. Orestis Andreadakis, Artistic Director, Athens International Film Festival Orestis Andreadakis was born in Herakleion in Crete, studied cinema in Athens and Paris, lived and worked in Geneva and southern France. He has provided articles and reviews on film to the newspapers Eleftheros Typos, Avgi and Ethnos, and to various monthly and weekly magazines. These last few years, he has been the director of CINEMA magazine, the Artistic Director of the Athens International Film Festival and the Athens Open Air Film Festival, and film journalist for MEGA TV. -
Greece: Media Concentration and Independent Journalism Between
Chapter 5 Greece Media concentration and independent journalism between austerity and digital disruption Stylianos Papathanassopoulos, Achilleas Karadimitriou, Christos Kostopoulos, & Ioanna Archontaki Introduction The Greek media system reflects the geopolitical history of the country. Greece is a mediumsized European country located on the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula. By the middle of the nineteenth century, it had just emerged from over four centuries of Ottoman rule. Thus, for many decades, the country was confronted with the task of nationbuilding, which has had considerable consequences on the formation of the overextended character of the state (Mouzelis, 1980). The country measures a total of 132,000 square kilometres, with a population of nearly 11 million citizens. About 4 million people are concentrated in the wider metropolitan area of the capital, Athens, and about 1.2 million in the greater area of Thessaloniki. Unlike the population of many other European countries, almost all Greeks – about 98 per cent of the popu lation – speak the same language, modern Greek, as their mother tongue, and share the same Greek Orthodox religion. Politically, Greece is considered a parliamentary democracy with “vigorous competition between political par ties” (Freedom House 2020). Freedom in the World 2021: status “free” (Score: 87/100, up from 84 in 2017). Greece’s parliamentary democracy features vigorous competition between political parties […]. Ongoing concerns include corruption [and] discrimina- tion against immigrants and minorities. (Freedom House, 2021) Liberal Democracy Index 2020: Greece is placed in the Top 10–20% bracket – rank 27 of measured countries (Varieties of Democracy Institute, 2021). Freedom of Expression Index 2018: rank 47 of measured countries, down from 31 in 2016 (Varieties of Democracy Institute, 2017, 2019). -
The Far Right in Greece. Paramilitarism, Organized Crime and the Rise of ‘Golden Dawn’
Südosteuropa 66 (2018), no. 4, pp. 503-531 SPYRIDON TSOUTSOUMPIS The Far Right in Greece. Paramilitarism, Organized Crime and the Rise of ‘Golden Dawn’ Abstract. The article unravels the ties between conservatism, the state, and the far right in Greece. It explores the complex social and political reasons which facilitated the emergence of far-right groups in Greece during the civil war and have allowed them to survive for seven decades and to flourish from time to time. The author pays particular attention to paramilita- rism as a distinct component of the Greek far right. He follows the activities of ‘Golden Dawn’ and other far-right groups, in particular their paramilitary branches. To the wider public, among the most shocking aspects of the rise of ‘Golden Dawn’ was the use of violence by its paramilitary branch, tagmata efodou. The article examines the far right’s relationship to the state and the security services, and explores its overall role in Greek politics and society. He demonstrates how an understanding of the decades following the civil war are indispensable to making sense of recent developments. Spyridon Tsoutsoumpis is a Visiting Research Fellow at Wolverhampton University’s School of Social Historical and Political Studies and an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Manchester’s School of Arts, Languages and Cultures. In Greece’s national elections of 2012 the openly neofascist ‘Golden Dawn’ party (Xrysi Avgi) won an unprecedented 7% of the vote and sent a total of 18 of its members to parliament (MPs). That success created a flurry among scholars, experts, and politicians who rushed to explain the meteoric rise of the far right in Greece. -
The Coverage of Golden Dawn by Greek Online Media
Running head: GOLDEN DAWN AND MEDIA COVERAGE The coverage of Golden Dawn by Greek online media Eralda Agalliu Student ID: 10696865 Master’s Thesis University of Amsterdam Graduate School of Communication Master’s Programme in Communication Science / Political Communication Supervised by: Dr. Knut de Swert Amsterdam, 26 June 2015 GOLDEN DAWN AND MEDIA COVERAGE 1 Abstract The prosecution of the Greek far-right party, Golden Dawn in 28 September 2013 gave impetus to academics to start investigating the political course of this party. This paper focuses on the Greek media coverage of the party since it entered the Greek Parliament. In other words, it is an effort to investigate whether Greek media coverage can explain the ‘success’ of Golden Dawn. A content analysis of three online Greek newspapers (To Vima, Kathimerini and To Proto Thema) was conducted for investigating whether the use of threat and opportunity frames, the tone of coverage and the political affiliation of media can give a thorough insight of how Golden Dawn is perceived in a national level. The present study reveals that Golden Dawn is framed more as a threat by the Greek media over time and the partisanship of the newspapers determines the use of the relevant frames. Media coverage is a crucial factor for evaluating Golden Dawn’s political performance and the way it is perceived by Greeks. Keywords: Golden Dawn, far-right, online newspapers, threat frame, opportunity frame, partisan media The outbreak of the European economic crisis, in 2008, revealed a tremendous change in the European political field, namely, that of the massive rise of far-right parties. -
University of Birmingham Feeling the Pulse of the Greek Debt Crisis
University of Birmingham Feeling the pulse of the Greek Debt Crisis: Capelos, Tereza; Exadaktylos, Theofanis DOI: 10.1080/14608944.2015.1113241 License: None: All rights reserved Document Version Peer reviewed version Citation for published version (Harvard): Capelos, T & Exadaktylos, T 2016, 'Feeling the pulse of the Greek Debt Crisis: Affect on the web of blame', National Identities, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 73-90. https://doi.org/10.1080/14608944.2015.1113241 Link to publication on Research at Birmingham portal Publisher Rights Statement: This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in National Identities on 10th May 2016, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/14608944.2015.1113241 Checked 21/7/2016 General rights Unless a licence is specified above, all rights (including copyright and moral rights) in this document are retained by the authors and/or the copyright holders. The express permission of the copyright holder must be obtained for any use of this material other than for purposes permitted by law. •Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. •Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. •User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (?) •Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain. Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. -
Athens 2014 Conference Proceedings
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS Contents FOREWORD 1 PROGRAM 2 WELCOME AND INTRODUCTION Dimitri B. Papadimitriou 6 KEYNOTE SPEAKER Yannis Dragasakis 9 SESSIONS 1. European Monetary Policy and Market Flexibility 21 2. How to Build a Stable European Financial System: The Central Banker’s View 26 3. Can the Periphery Countries Return to Growth? 31 4. Threats to European Recovery 37 5. Responding to the Challenge of European Unemployment 43 6. Austerity and Growth: An Impossible Alliance? 47 7. The Ongoing Greek Crisis: What Is to Be Done? 52 PARTICIPANTS 57 These proceedings consist of edited transcripts of the speakers’ remarks and summaries of session participants’ presentations. Foreword I am delighted to welcome you to the conference “Europe at the Crossroads: A Union of Austerity or Growth Convergence?,” organized by the Levy Economics Institute and Economia Civile with support from the Ford Foundation, the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, and Marinopoulos AE. This conference is one of the public outreach activities of the joint Ford–Levy Institute Project on Financial Instability, which draws on Hyman Minsky’s extensive work on the structure of financial systems to ensure stability, and on the role of government in achieving a growing and equitable economy. Among other key topics, the conference will address the continuing debate surrounding the eurozone’s systemic instability; proposals for banking union; regulation and supervision of financial institutions; monetary, fiscal, and trade policy in Europe, and the spillover effects for the US and the global economy; the impact of austerity policies on US and European markets; and the sustainability of government deficits and debt. I trust you will enjoy the presentations that follow. -
Summary Is Published Three Times a Year (Winter, Spring, and Fall) and Is Intended to Keep the Aca Demic Community Informed About the Institute’S Research
Levy Economics Institute of Bard College Levy Economics Institute Summa ry of Bard College Fall 2014 Vol. 23, No. 3 Contents INSTITUTE RESEARCH Program: The State of the US and World Economies Strategic Analysis 5 . , , , , Is Rising Inequality a Hindrance to the US Economic Recovery? 7 . , Dead Economic Dogmas Trump Recovery: The Continuing Crisis in the Eurozone Periphery 8 , A Sustainable Monetary Framework for an Independent Scotland 9 , Structural Asymmetries at the Roots of the Eurozone Crisis: What’s New for Industrial Policy in the EU? 10 and , The Political Economy of Shadow Banking: Debt, Finance, and Distributive Politics under a Kalecki-Goodwin-Minsky SFC Framework Program: Monetary Policy and Financial Structure 11 , Minsky and Dynamic Macroprudential Regulation 12 . , Central Bank Independence: Myth and Misunderstanding 13 . , From the State Theory of Money to Modern Money Theory: An Alternative to Economic Orthodoxy 14 , Minsky and the Subprime Mortgage Crisis: The Financial Instability Hypothesis in the Era of Financialization 15 , Monetary Mechanics: A Financial View 16 , Shadow Banking: Policy Challenges for Central Banks Program: The Distribution of Income and Wealth 17 , , and ş, How Poor Is Turkey? And What Can Be Done About It? 18 - and . , A Decade of Flat Wages? 19 , Quality of Statistical Match and Employment Simulations Used in the Estimation of the Levy Institute Measure of Time and Income Poverty (LIMTIP) for South Korea, 2009 20 - , Quality of Match for Statistical Matches Using the American Time Use Survey 2010, the Survey of Consumer Finances 2010, and the Annual Social and Economic Supplement 2011 Continued on page 3 > Scholars by Program , Research Associate , Research Associate The State of the US and World Economies , Research Associate . -
News Engl 11-07
PICUM Newsletter November 2007 Finalized on 31 October 2007 This newsletter focuses on news items and policy developments concerning the basic social rights of undocumented migrants in Europe. It is currently available in Word format and on the PICUM website (www.picum.org) in the following languages: English, German, Dutch, Spanish, French, Italian and Portuguese. You are invited to distribute this newsletter widely. Do you want to contribute to a humane policy of respect of human rights of undocumented migrants? DONATE TO PICUM! Your contribution means we can continue to fight the marginalisation and exploitation of undocumented migrants. You are invited to donate to PICUM by transferring your singular or regular contribution to account number 001-3666785-67 (Fortisbank, Schepdaal (B), IBAN: BE93 001366678567, SWIFT: GEBABEBB). Please mention your name and address, and reference: “donation”. THANK YOU ! Index 1. Death at the Border 2. News from EU Member States + Switzerland + U.S.A. 3. European Policy Developments 4. Undocumented Children 5. Upcoming Events 6. Publications 7. PICUM News 8. Miscellaneous 1. Death at the Border • The Coastguard of the Canary Islands reported on 7 September that a vessel carrying North African migrants had capsized off the island of Grand Canary and 10 bodies had been recovered from the sea. (Source: Migration News Sheet, October 2007) • On 21 September Chulan Zhang Liu died after climbing out of a window trying to escape a police control on Boulevard de la Villette in Paris. This was the fifth incident of this kind within 2 months. The organization GISTI (Groupe d’information et de soutien des immigrés) has linked these events PICUM Newsletter November 2007 to the tightening of immigration policies by the current French government and has called on the French Minister of Immigration to stop setting target quotas for the expulsion of immigrants. -
“Who Are They & Why Are They Here?”
IMER Master Thesis 1 year Spring 2015 GP501 “Who are they & Why are they here?” A media analysis of the negative portrayal of immigrants in the mainstream Greek press. Author: Eleni-Ioanna Malafouri 890301T289 Supervisor: Christian Fernandez Examiner: Margareta Popoola Aknowledgements I would like to seize the opportunity to thank the department of Global & Political Studies of the University of Malmö for providing the most fostering environment for my academic development. Special thanks to Christian Fernandez for his constant guidance that has been proven of immeasurable importance during the conduct of this dissertation and Joanna Tsoni for her advice and support. Many thanks to all my Master's colleagues, especially Charlotte Rasmussen, Kyle Campbell, Rennato Johnsson and Nara Farias who enriched my knowledge of the IMER field. I would also like to extend my gratitude to my parents for their undivided support and caring. To my close friend Chryssa for cultivating, day by day in our friendship, my sensitivity towards matters of migration and last but not least my fiancé, Socrates, for his unconditional love, company and support during the conduct of this thesis and in every aspect of my life. Abstract Eleni-Ioanna Malafouri, International Migration and Ethnic Relations, University of Malmö. Abstract of Master's Thesis, Submitted 22 May 2015: Who are they and why are they here? A media analysis of the negative portrayal of immigrants in the mainstream Greek press. This study is an initial attempt to investigate the negative depiction of immigrants in the mainstream Greek press of the 2000s. Our goal is to identify the dimensions of negative image-making and discuss the dichotomy of the ''identity'' and the ''otherness'' projected in the contemporary press. -
Press Release
PRESS RELEASE European Heritage Awards Ceremony / Europa Nostra Awards 2013 Print Clippings KATHIMERINI TIS KYRIAKIS 02.06.2013 OPERA ‘FEEDS’ MY PASSION FOR LIFE ELEFTHEROS TYPOS (daily newspaper) 18.06.2013 AWARD FOR THE CONSERVATION OF THE ACROPOLIS CITY PRESS (daily free newspaper) 20.06.2013 TWO AWARDS FOR GREECE AT THE EURPA NOSTRA AWARDS Ν SYN (daily magazine inside “TA NEA” newspaper) 22.06.2013 PLACIDO DOMINGO: “TAKE GOOD CARE OF YOUR HERITAGE!” HELLO (daily magazine) 26.06.2013 CULTURAL NIGHT CSR REVIEW (bimonthly magazine) 12.07.2013 ODE TO EUROPE AND CULTURE PRESS RELEASE European Heritage Awards Ceremony / Europa Nostra Awards 2013 Internet Clippings Ethnos.gr 17.06.2013 http://www.ethnos.gr/article.asp?catid=22784&subid=2&pubid=63844052 PROPYLAEA WON THE PUBLIC CHOICE AWARD Naftemporiki.gr 17.06.2013 http://www.naftemporiki.gr/story/665686 GREECE WON TWO CULTURAL HERITAGE AWARDS Euronews.com 17.06.2013 http://www.euronews.com/2013/06/17/europe-celebrates-its-cultural-heritage-in-a-time-of-crisis/ kathimerini.gr 18.06.2013 http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_civ_2_18/06/2013_523902 CULTURE – A TOOL FOR DEVELOPMENT Kala-nea.gr 18.06.2013 http://www.kala-nea.gr/archives/43840 GREECE WON TWO CULTURAL HERITAGE AWARDS Athensvoice.gr 18.06.2013 http://www.athensvoice.gr/article/city-news-voices/eco-voice/europa-nostra-awards-2013 EU PRIZE FOR CULTURAL HERITAGE EUROPA NOSTRA AWARDS 2013 Tovima.gr 20.06.2013 http://www.tovima.gr/flash/article/?aid=518623 MOMENTS FROM THE EUROPEAN HERITAGE AWARDS CEREMONY Real.gr 21.06.2013 http://www.real.gr/DefaultArthro.aspx?page=arthro&id=242149&catID=3 TWO AWARDS FOR GREECE AT THE EUROPEAN HERITAGE AWARDS CEREMONY Euro2day.gr 21.06.2013 http://www.euro2day.gr/news/highlights/article-news/1109688/diplh-vravefsh-gia-thn-ellada-sthn-teleth- aponomhs.html TWO AWARDS FOR GREECE AT THE EUROPEAN HERITAGE AWARDS CEREMONY . -
Rinτ and Ονιινε Ε Spapers Ιν Europe
RINΤ AND ΟΝΙΙΝΕ Ε SPAPERS ΙΝ EUROPE Α comparatiνe anaIysis ίη 16 countries RICHARD νΑΝ DER WURFF &: EDMUND LAUF (EDS) Het Spinhuis 2005 Chapter 11 GREECE Identical Contents, Lack of Sophistication DIMITRA DIMITRAKOPOULOU & EUGENIA SIAPERA Media cross-ownership and concentration ίπ the Greek media market are high. Τhe main publishers not only own newspapers, but also television and radio stations. Ιπ addition, they have expanded considerably online, developing their own news sites and web portals. Τhis shows that the Internet is considered as a new medium worthy of further exploration and investment by Greek media companies. At the same time, Internet penetration leνels ίπ Greece are low and online activities are expected to generate low revenues. It is against this background that the development of online news sites and portals by publishers is impeding the development of online editions of print newspapers. Α comparison of print and online editions of the main Greek newspapers ίπ October 2003 reveals few significant differences. C1early the role played by online newspapers is one of merely reflecting their print editions. Τhere are πο differences ίπ content, and online newspapers do not take Internet-specific attributes and features into account. Hence, the limited use of interactivity, hypertextuality and graphics renders the online newspa- pers a mere synonym for their print counterparts. Arguably, this lack of online sophistication of Greek newspapers may be the result of publishers' efforts to increase the attractiveness of their newspaper-independent online news sites. Τhese are differentiated from the online newspapers, while the latter retain and reflect their offline identity. Ιπ this situation, the development of online newspapers, as separate and attractive online products, becomes redundant.