E4142 REPÚBLICA DE MOÇAMBIQUE Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTÉRIO DA PLANIFICAÇÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DIRECÇÃO NACIONAL DE SERVIÇOS DE PLANEAMENTO Public Disclosure Authorized Mozambique Integrated Growth Poles Project (P127303) ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) Public Disclosure Authorized Draft Final Public Disclosure Authorized Maputo, February 2013 0 LIST OF ACRONYMS ANE National Roads Administration CBNRM Community-Based Natural Resource Management DA District Administration DCC District Consultative Council DNA National Directorate for Water DNE National Directorate for Energy DNPO National Directorate for Planning DNAPOT National Directorate for Land Planning DNPA National Directorate for Environmental Promotion and Education DPA Provincial Directorate of Agriculture DPCA Provincial Directorate for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs DPOPH Provincial Directorate of Public Works and Housing EA Environmental Assessment EDM Electricidade de Moçambique EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMP Environmental Management Plan ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FIPAG Water Supply Investment and Asset Management Fund GAZEDA Special Economic Zones Office GDP Gross Domestic Product GOM Government of Mozambique IDA International Development Association IDCF Innovation and Demonstration Catalytic Fun MAE Ministry of State Administration MCA Millennium Challenge Account MCC Millennium Challenge Corporation MDP Municipal Development Project MICOA Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs MINAGRI Ministry of Agriculture MISAU Ministry of Health MOF Ministry of Finance MOPH Ministry of Public Works and Housing MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprises NCSD National Commission for Sustainable Development NEMP National Environmental Management Programme NGO Non-Governmental Organization PARPA Action Plan for the Reduction of Absolute Poverty PCU Project Coordination Unit PDD District Development Plans (Plano Distrital de Desenvolvimento) PDPF Provincial Directorate of Planning and Finance PDUT District Land Use Plan PEPA Environmental Quality Standards of Mozambique Projects PLPP Provincial level project personnel (with monitoring responsibilities) PPU Provincial Project Unit PRS Poverty Reduction Strategy RAP Resettlement Action Plan RPF Resettlement Policy Framework SDAE District Services of Economic Activities SDMAS District Services of Women, Social Affairs and Health SDPI District Services of Planning and Infrastructure i ToR Terms of Reference UCA Coordination and Support Unit UNDP United Nations Development Program WB World Bank WHO World Health Organization ZVDA Zambezi Valley Development Agency ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The preparation of the ESMF comes under the Integrated Growth Poles Project (Project), which is the World Bank (WB) support to the Government of Mozambique (GOM) strategy for inclusive and broad-based growth. The ESMF is meant to ensure that relevant World Bank Safeguards Policies and GOM environmental and social regulations are strictly adhered to in the design and implementation of specific subprojects. The author, Mario Souto, wishes to thank all those who offered their valuable time to provide all kinds of information and data including in-depth perspectives during interviews and discussions and those who shared documents prior to and during the preparation of this document. Special words of appreciation and acknowledgement go to managers and technical staff of government institutions and public companies who are the main stakeholders of this Project. They were committed and worked tirelessly to ensure that they gave their outmost feedback such that issues and concerns were conveyed adequately during the long and fruitful discussions. Reference is made to institutions such as MICOA, MINAGRI, CFM, FIPAG, GAZEDA, ZVDA, Provincial and District Governments. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS III TABLE OF CONTENTS IV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY VIII SUMÁRIO EXECUTIVO XIV 1- INTRODUCTION 1 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 3 2.1 Project Development Objectives and Principles 3 2.2 Project Components 3 2.3 Anticipated sub-Project types under the Project 10 2.4 Sub-project activities ineligible for funding 11 3 PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 12 3.1 Implementation by Component 12 4 DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT IN MOZAMBIQUE AND THE PROJECT AREA 15 4.1 General Country Development Context and Project Relevance 15 5 - PROJECT TARGETED AREAS 18 5.1 Location 18 5.2 Physical Environment 20 5.2.1 The Zambezi Valley (Tete, Manica, Zambezia and Sofala Provinces) and Angonia Growth Pole 20 5.2.2 Nacala Development Corridor (Niassa and Nampula provinces) and Nacala Growth Pole 22 5.3 Biological Environment 24 5.3.1 The Zambezi Valley (Tete, Manica, Zambezia and Sofala Provinces) and Angonia Growth Pole 24 5.3.2 Nacala Development Corridor (Niassa and Nampula Provinces) and Nacala Growth Pole 25 5.4 Socio-economic Situation 27 5.4.1 The Zambezi Valey (Tete, Manica, Zambezia and Sofala Provinces) and Angonia Growth Pole 27 5.4.2 Nacala Corridor (Tete, Niassa and Nampula Provinces) and Nacala Growth Pole 31 6- WORLD BANK SAFEGUARDS POLICIES 33 iv 6.1 Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01) 33 6.2 Pest Management (OP 4.09) 35 6.3 Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12) 35 6.4 Natural Habitats (OP/BP 4.04) 36 6.5 Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11) 36 7 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT IN MOZAMBIQUE 37 7.1 Legal Framework 37 7.1.1 Adherence to International and Regional Conventions and Protocols 37 7.1.2 Approval of Domestic Policy and Legal Instruments 38 7.2 Institutional Framework 43 8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONCERNS OF TARGETED AREAS 45 9 POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 47 9.1 Potential adverse environmental and social impacts 47 9.2 Other potential adverse socio-economic impacts 51 9.3 Potential positive impacts 52 9.4 Measures to mitigate negative impacts 53 10 GUIDELINES FOR SUB-PROJECT SCREENING, PREPARATION, APPRAISAL, APPROVAL AND MONITORING 61 10.1 Screening of Project Activities and Sites 62 10.2 Assigning the Appropriate Environmental and Social Categories 62 10.3 Carrying out Environmental and Social Work 63 10.4 Environmental and Social Checklist: 63 10.5 Environmental and Social Impacts Assessment (ESIA) 63 10.6 Subproject Review and Approval 64 10.7 Participatory Public Consultation and Disclosure 64 10.8 Annual Monitoring Reports and review 66 10.9 Environmental and Social Audit 66 10.10 Other Important Issues 67 v 10.10.1 Integration and harmonization with the district land use plans 67 11 GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 68 11.1 Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) 68 11.2 Pest Management Plan 69 11.3 Involuntary Resettlement (Resettlement Action Plan) 69 12 TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING REQUIREMENTS 71 12.1 Institutional Capacity Assessment and Analysis 71 12.2 Proposed Training and Awareness Programs 72 12.3. Technical Assistance (TA) 72 13 ESMF MONITORING REQUIREMENTS 73 14 PROPOSED ESTIMATED IMPLEMENTATION BUDGET. 74 REFERENCES 75 List of Figures Figure 1: Overview of the Project Area (Zambezi Valley and Nacala Corridor)............... viii Figure 2: The main development corridors in Mozambique ............................................. 15 Figure 3: The Districts of the Zambezi Valley .................................................................. 18 Figure 4: The Project districts in Nacala Corridor ............................................................ 19 Figure 5: Angonia growth pole ......................................................................................... 19 Figure 6: Nacala growth pole ........................................................................................... 20 Figure 7: Various water uses in the Zambezi Valley (Shire River) ..................................... 28 Figure 8: Men and women selling maize in the informal markets of Tete City .................. 33 Figure 9: Land use planning session in Morrumbala District (Zambezia Province) ........... 30 List of Tables Table 1: Population of the Zambezi Valley by districts..................................................... 30 Table 2: Population of Nacala Corridor by districts.......................................................... 31 Table 3: Safeguard Policies Triggered by the Project ........................................................ 33 Table 4: Measures to mitigate negative impacts ................................................................ 54 Table 5: Estimated budget for ESMF implementation ..................................................... 74 List of Annexes vi Annex 1: Status Quo of Preparation of District Land Use Plans in the Project Area (provinces) .......................................................................................................................................... B Annex 2: Environmental and Social Screening Form for subprojects ....................................... I Annex 3: Preliminary Environmental Information Sheet .......................................................... K Annex 4: Checklist for environmental and social impacts ......................................................... N Annex 5: Environmental and Social Clauses ...................................................................... O Annex 6: Summary of Main Issues from