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Home , Aspidiotus nerii, Diaspidiotus, Melanaspis, Parlatoria, Parlatoria blanchardi, Phoenicococcidae

41 92 2 36 ( )

( Hem.: Coccoidea )

4 3 *2 1 1 ([email protected] ) : *2 3 4 92 24/1/ : 91 27/1/ : 1389 90 21 . Eriococcidae )2( Coccidae )4( Pseudococcidae )6( 8( ) : . Phoenicococcidae )1( Paracoccus Ezzat . . 9 Acanthococcus aceris (Signoret) and McConnell ( * ) : . DIASPIDIDAE: nerii* (Bouche), Diaspidiotus armenicus* (Borchsenius), Lepidosaphes malicola* Borchsenius, Melanaspis inopinata* (Leonardi), blanchardi (Targioni-Tozzetti) P. crypta (McKenzie), P. oleae (Colvee) and Salicicola ?kermanensis Lindinger. PSEUDOCOCCIDAE: Chorizococcus sp. *, Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead), Paracoccus sp., Phenacoccus sp. *, Planococcus citri (Risso) and Trabutina serpentina (Green). COCCIDAE: Coccus hesperidum (Linnaeus) , Eulecanium tiliae* (Linnaeus) , Parthenolecanium corni* (Borchsenius) and Saissetia oleae* (Olivier). ERIOCOCCIDAE: Acanthococcus aceris (Signoret) and Eriococcus spurius (Modeer). PHOENICOCOCCIDAE: Ph oenicococcus marlatti (Cockerell).

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8 1991 7 ) 6 1 .(1995 9 2003 - 4 3 2 - 5

1- Coccoidea 6- 2- Aphidoidea (= Aphidomorpha) 7- Carver 3- Aleyrodoidea 8- Gullan & Martin 4- Psyllioidea 9- Maddison 5- Phylogeny 42 ... :

62 ) . (. 2005 2 2010 1 : ( 1335 ) 32 9 3 53 93 10 ( 1359 ) ( Cynodon dactylon ) 41 107 ) 196 ( 1382 ) - (. 1374 ( 1996 ) 12 4 . (. 1947 11 ) . ( 1374 ) 6 29 - ( 2010 12 ) . 15 . ( 1390 ) 4 5 400 2650 13 6 281 2468 36 ( 1390 ) 5 170 1605 ( 1998 13 ) 21 . (. 2012 7 ) 67 - (. 1372 1370 ) ( 1333 ) (. 1324 ) Planococcus Ferris ( 1999 14 ) - ( 1944 ) 8 . Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) 1- Ben-Dov et al. 2- Miller et al . 9- Diaspidioidea 3- Margarodidae 10- Phoenicococcidae 4- Diaspididae 11- Kiriukhin 5- Psudococcidae 12- Torabi et al . 6- Coccidae 13- Moghadam 7- zipcodezoo 14- Williams & Moghadam 8- Bodenheimer 43 92 2 36 ( )

. Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Col.: Coccinellidae) ( 1371 ) - 89 90 35 100 1 . ( 2006 ) - ( ) . - . % 75 Pseudococcus filamentosus (Fernald) ) . Nipaecoccus ( 2000 2 filamentosus (Cockerell) . ( 1367 ) ( 2006 ) . 1342 1324 ) N.viridis 4 1986 3 2010 Pseudococcus filamentosus (Fernald) 6 5 1985 1997 1988 ( Mask.) . (. 1988 Icerya purchasi 7 . - . . : (. 1385 ) . (. 1947 ) 17 ) (. 2006

2- Hodgson & Henderson 3- Danzig 4- Gill . 5- Williams 6- Williams & Watson 7- Hodgson, Chris ( The National Museum of Wales, Wales, Cathay's Park, Cardiff, UK ), 1- Moghadam 44 ... :

5 . . 14( ) - 5 1. DIASPIDIDAE ) 1-1. Aspidiotus nerii (Bouche) 6 (. 1990 ) : . ( sp .) 4 89 5/7/ (Phoenix sp .) . 1-2. Diaspidiotus armenicus : (Borchsenius) 8/12/1 : 89 12/ 11/ (Pyrus communis) . 1 : 4/2 2 ( . 11 ) . 21. ) ( 11. ) - 6/18/1 (. 1 2 ) . 2 3 ( 1. 7 12 12 3 ( . 11 ) 12 21.( ) 3 . 3 . 8 3 2 1 . 4

5- Oleander scale 1- Pygidium 6- Miller and Davidson 2- Lobes1-3 (L1-3) 7- Multilocular disc pores 3- Plates1-3 (P1-3) 8- Paraphyses (Pars) 4- Macroducts (Macs) 45 92 2 36 ( )

1 2 2 . 5 . 2 . 12 31.( ) .( 2009 1 ) 2 ( 1347 ) 234 Quadraspidiotus armeniacus Borchsenius 75 . . 21 31.( ) 1-3. Lepidosaphes malicola Borchsenius : 2 89 28/8/ (Malus domestica ) . . ( ) 23 : 2 - 41 3 4 32 . . 5 ( ) ( ) - ) Armenian .( . 31 ) ( ) comma scale .( 1990 31. ) 1-4. Melanaspis inopinata (. (Leonardi) - : 3 89 12/ 25/ ( sp .) . ( Salix sp .) 2/1 3 89 12/ 25/ 35 . 7 89 12/ (5/ spp. ) 12 .( 31. ) ( 1)

2- Gland tubercles 3- Gland spines 1- Global 46 ... :

( Gleditschia caspica ) : ( Amygdalus sp. ) 5/2 . 1-5. (Targioni- Tozzetti) : 5 89 10/ (5/ Phoenix sp. ) . .( 41. ) : . 8/1 41. ) 4 .( .( 51. ) 14 . 34 . ) . ( 25 12 51. ) ( ) ( 41. ) 3 .( 32 21 34 51.( ) 3 24 20 5 4 5 6 . ) 23 41.(. Phonix dactylofera 1 ( 1390 ) ( Nigella sp. ) 1- Archangelskaya 47 92 2 36 ( )

. 4 ( . 61 ) - 1 4 74 1905 (. 61. ) 1944 ) (. 1998 1990 1997 P. 1-6. Parlatoria crypta (McKenzie) : Cordia ) crypta Olea europaea ( spp. 3 89 (4/6/ ) Cordia myxa ( ) . . 3 89 2/6/ : . 5/1

. . 1-7. Parlatoria oleae (Colvee) : Ziziphus ) ( ) 5 90 13/1/ ( mauritiana (. 61. ) ( Amygdalus scoparia ) 6 90 23/1/ 5 90 18/1/ ( Citrus spp. ) 45 54 ( Armeniaca vulgaris ) 3 1 61.( ) 7 90 24/1/ 45 . 5 89 10/ (5/ Phoenix sp. ) 1 : 23 3 23 2 12 5/1 3 34 1- scale 48 ... :

.( 71. ) . . - . . . 25 - 45 1-8. Salicicola ?kermanensis 5 4 3 1 (Lindinger) 1 ( 71. ) : 34 3 . 2 90 15/1/ ( Salix sp. ) 4 71.( ) 4 : 5 ) 12 . 75 ( ( 81. ) (1324 ) 2 1 ( Fraxinus sp. ) . 4 ( 81. ) (Rosaceae ) ( 81. ) (Ceracus microcorpa ) 3 ( Amygdalus sp. ) - (. 81. ) (. 1390 ) 81.( ) . ) . ( . Z. ) P. oleae 81.( ) 54 . ( mauritiana . . ( 1368 ) . 1- 2nd instar’s case 2- Pupillarial 3- Anal operculum 49 92 2 36 ( )

Salix . Populus spp. spp. 81..( ) 1944 ) . (. 1998 . ( ) 9 . . (1329 ) 2. PSEUDOCOCCIDAE 1 . 2-1. Chorizococcus sp. : . 3 . 4 89 10/ (6/ Salix sp. ) : . 2 2/3 12. ) 4 8 .( 81.(. ) ) ) ( . 12 ) ( ( 5 65 6 . - S. ?kermanensis ( ) ( ) Salix - - (. ) 1905 S. kermanensis .( 12. ) 3 .(1988 ) 2300

1- Pupa 4- Cerarii 2- 2nd instar’ stylet and legs attached to the 5- Ostiol hardened namphal integument 6- Trilocular pores 3- Lindinger 50 ... :

(Diaspidiotus armenicus (Borchsenius)) . 12 (Aspidiotus nerii (Bouche)) . 11 . . : . . : .( ) . .( ) .

(Melanaspis inopinata (Leonardi)) . 14 (Lepidosaphes malicola . 13 . . : . . : Borchsenius) .( ) . . . .( () P1) ( L1-2 12) 51 92 2 36 ( )

(Parlatoria crypta (McKenzie)) . 16 (Parlatoria blanchardi (Targioni- . 15 . . : . . : Tozzetti))

() p1-4) ( L1-4 41) . .( ) . .(

(Salicicola kermanensis (Lindinger)) . 18 (Parlatoria oleae (Colvee)) . 17 ) . . : . . : . ( ( L1-4 41) . . ( ) .( () p1-4) ( L1-2 12) . . ( ) . () ) .( 52 ... :

. Pseudococcus . filamentous (Cockerell) 2-2. Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) P. (. 2006 1986 ) : filamentous 89 (2/6/ Citrus spp. ) N. filamentous Morus ) 5 ( 2012 2010 ) . 3 89 (6/6/ alba N. . N. viridis : viridis 5/2 . 7 . 2-3. Paracoccus sp . :

3 90 (4/1/ Nigella sp. ) 8 . . 2 22( ) : 8/1 32. ) 17 8 (. 1 - ( 32. ) 2 3 4 22(. ) 5 - .( 2006 ) 6 - (. . 32 ) . . ( 1988 ) 2- Translucent pores 3- Tarsal digitules 4- Claw digitules 5- Oral-rim tubular ducts 6- Anal lob bar 1- Circulus 53 92 2 36 ( )

. ( helioscopia . C. ) . . ( fatemensis 154 Ph. solenopsis Tinsley 2-4. Phenacoccus sp . Gossypium ) : Convolvulus fatemensis C. ) ( hirsutum ( ) ) ( arvensis . 5 89 12/ 3/ 1 : ( 2009 5/2 2008 ) ( 42. ) .( 2010 . . 18 ( 2009 2 ) Ph. gossypiphilus Abbas, Arif and Saeed - 9 . .( ) 3 Phenacoccus Ph. solenopsis ( 42. ) 18 2 3 و Ph. convolvuli Savescu .( 2010 ) Phenacoccus sp. . . 3 2-5. Planococcus citri (Risso) : 89 10/ 10/ ( Citrus spp. ) Pelargonium ) 7 5 . 1 89 (2/9/ bortum : (. 42. ) ( 52. ) . 18 Phenacoccus sp. ( 1390 )

1- Arif et al . Euphorbia ) 2- Abbas et al. 54 ... :

: - . 2 . 62. ) 98 2/1 5/3 ( 18 ( ) 2 ( 52. ) % 10 . ( . 62 ) ( ) . 2 3 7/2 5/3 6 - . 1 . . ) 2 (. 2006 . 3 . . . . 4 . . 2-6. Trabutina serpentina (Green) : 15 89 (2/9/ Tamarix sp .) . 2 - Discoidal pore with irregular margin 3- Oral-collar 4- Enlaged setae (conical, clavate & lanceolate) 1- Anal lobe bar seta 55 92 2 36 ( )

(Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead)) . 22 . : (Chorizococcus sp.) . 21 . : . .( ) .( .)

. : (Phenacoccus sp .) . 24 : (Paracoccus sp.) . 23 . . . .( ) .( )

56 ... :

(Trabutina serpentine (Green)) . 26 (Planococcus citri (Risso)) . 25 . ( ) . . : . . :

.( ) .( )

1 . . . - Trabutina ( 2006 ) ( ) serpentina . . .

1 - Cup-shaped interior end of macrotubular duct 57 92 2 36 ( )

Tamaricacea (. 13. ) (. 1996 ) . 3. COCCIDAE 3-1. Coccus hesperidum (Linnaeus) - : - 2 89 15/5/ (Morus alba ) . Citrus ) 1 89 16/7/ ( sp. 12 89 19/8/ ( Citrus sp. ) (. 1333 ) 89 12/6/ (Citrus spp. ) . 5 3-2. Eulecanium tiliae (Linnaeus) : : ( Armeniaca vulgaris ) 13. ) 8 89 12/ 30/ ) ( 2 90 11/1/ ( Prunus domestica ) ( ( Armeniaca vulgaris ) 5/2 4 . 10 89 25/4/ 8 : 3 1 2 ( ) ( 23. ) 5 4 3 3 43 6 . 78 53 3

3 1- Spiracular dipression 2- Spiracular seta 5 3- Spiracular furrow 4- Anal plates (Anal opercula) 58 ... :

. - 1 . 4 (. 23. ) 3 (. 33. ) ( ) Prunus . 3-4. Saissetia oleae (Olivier) .( 2010 ) : 6 89 (2/6/ Cordya myxa ) P. ) ( A. vulgaris ) . . ( domestica : 3-3. Parthenolecanium corni (Borchsenius) 45/2 64 (. 43. ) : 8 90 17/1/ ( Salix sp . ) . 7 : ( 33. ) . 7/58/0 . 8 3/55/0 . 3 2 .( 43. ) 5 1-Preopercular pores 2- Submarginal tubercles 59 92 2 36 ( )

(Eulecanium tiliae (Linnaeus)) . 32 (Coccus hesperidum (Linnaeus)) . 31 . . : . . : .( ) . ) . .(

(Saissetia oleae (Olivier)) . 34 (Parthenolecanium corni . 33 . . : . . : (Borchsenius)) .( ) . .( ) 60 ... :

E. spurius ) 2 1 : - .( 43. - A. aceris . A. E. spurius . E. spurius aceris 4. ERIOCOCCIDAE: 4-1. Acanthococcus aceris A. (Signoret) aceris : 7 89 12/ 15/ ( Citrus spp. ) . . 4-2. Eriococcus spurius (Modeer) : : 15 89 10/6/ ( Pinus sp. ) . 3 87 . : . 76 4 ( ) - ( ) 14(. ) Eriococcus Acanthococcus . - Acanthococcus 24. ) .( Eriococcus A. aceris . . (Citrus spp. )

1- Discal seta 2- Marginal setae 3- Anal lobes 4- Dorsal & venteral seta 61 92 2 36 ( )

(Eriococcus spurius (Modeer)) . 42 (Acanthococcus aceris (Signoret)) . 41 .) : : .( .( )

: E. spurius 5/1 ( ) ( . 15 ) . S. ?kermanensis . ( Pinus sp. ) . ( Cypress sp. ) ) (. . 15 . 15.(. ) 5. PHOENICOCOCCUS : 5-1. Phoenicococcus marlatti (Cockerell) : . Phoenix ) . 7 91 (1/8/ dactylifera . 62 ... :

( 1333 ) . % 50 1 ) 5.( S. oleae P. oleae . P. marlatti . . S. ?kermanensis . . 8 . 8 Phoenicococcus . Cerococcus . Phoenix Icerya purchasi ) . dactylifera ( Maskell ( ) . ( 1324 ) 21 A. aceris 39 Paracoccus sp. 42 2/ . A. spurious, C. hesperidum, N. viridis, P. crypta, P.citri, T. serpentina,P. blanchardi, P. olea, S. kermanensis,P. ) marlatti ) (. 1381 .( 1385 C. hesperidum, E. tiliae, S. ?kermanensis M. inopinata & P. banchardi 6 . . C. hesperidum, . - P. oleae, & S. oleae .( 1333 ) 63 92 2 36 ( )

. : (Phoenicococcus marlatti (Cockerell)) . 51 ) . .( ) . . (

. ) . ( 1998 ) ( : . - : . . 54 64 ... :

(Z. mauritiana ) Z. spina-) ( Z. sp ) - ) ( christi . ( 1382 - ( 1368 ) (. 1377 ) . . . P.oleae Chris ) ( Hodgson . P. oleae .

. ( Pseudococcidae ) . 1370 . . .. 1. 52. 47 )12:( 16

. ( Psudococcidae ) . 1372 . . .. 2. 81. 77 16)12:(

٣. . . . . Icerya purchase . 1385 (Homoptera: Margarodidae) .402 339 :( 10)4 .

. Diaspididae . 1359 . 4. 19. 4:5 65 92 2 36 ( )

Pseudococcus ) . 1367 . . 5. 93 56)12:( . ( filamentous (Fernald) .101

Nipaecoccus viridis (Homoptera: . 1371 . 6. Pseudococcida) . 132 .

. . 1333 . . 7. . 75

.( ) . 1368 . 8. . 256 3:

. . 1390 . 9. . 132

١٠. . Ziziphus . 1377 . .132

.( ) . . 1324 . 11. . 39

. 17 11: . . 1329 . 12.

.112 . . 1342 . 13.

. 17:14 16 . . 1335 . 14.

Aspidiotint ) . 1347 .. . 15. . 144 . Diaspididae ( Aspidiotina

(... ) . 1381 . . . 16. . 475 . .

. . 1382 . 17. . 52 ( ) 66 ... :

. Coccoidea . 1390 .. 18. .130

. . 1374 . 19. .125

. . 1374 . . .. 20. .7057:( 18)12

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