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Object-Oriented Dynamic GIS for Transportation Planning Reginald Object-Oriented Dynamic GIS for Transportation Planning Reginald G Gotledge Working Paper UCTC No 3 37 The University of Califorma Trans portatlon Center Umve~-slty of Cahforma Berkeley, CA94720 The University of California Transportation Center The Umverslty of Cahforma Center actaVltles Researchers TransportaUon Center (UCTC) at other umversmes w~thmthe as one of ten regional umts regmn also have opportunmes mandated by Congress and to collaborate wxth UCfaculty established m FaII 1988 to on selected studms support research, educatmn, and trramng m surface trans- UCTC’seducauonal and portatmn The UC Center research programs are focused serves federal RegmnIX and on strategm planning for ~s supported by matching improwng metropol~tan grants from the U S Depart- accessibility, wath emphas~s ment of Transportatmn the on the specml condmons in Calfforma Department of Region IX Partacular attentmn Transportation (Caltrans), and as directed to strategms for the Umversaty using transportatmn as an instrument of economic Based on the Berkeley development, whale also ac- Campus, UCTCdraws upon commodating to the regmn s existing capabdatms and persastent expansmn and resources of the Insututes of whale mmntammgand enhanc- Transportatmn Studies at ing the quahty of hfe there Berkeley, Davas, Irvme, and Los Angeles, the Insutute of The Center dxstnbutes reports Urban and Regional Develop- on ~ts research m working ment at Berkeley, and several papers, monographs, and in academac departments at the reprints of pubhshedarticles Berkeley, Davas, Irvme, and It also publishes Access, a Los Angeles campuses magazine presenung sum- Faculty and students on other manes of selected smdmsFor University of Cahforma a hst of pubhcatmns m print, campuses may pamclpate m wrate to the address below DISCLAIMER Thecontents ofthis report reflect ~l~e ~ev:s o~, fl~eauthors, whoare responsiblefor the facts and the accuracy ofthe mformat~on preseuted Umversity of Calfforma herein.Thfs document ~sd~ssem,Nated ~nderthe spor~sorship of the TransportatmnCenter Departmentof Transportation, Un~ve"sfty Tra~,spoftaho,~ Ce,~tcrs Program, ir~the interest of Infotmat~on excqange TheL] S Oo’,:er~:,[,,,ntassumes no 108 NavalAtchltecture Braiding Berkeley, Cahfomm94720 hab~htyfo,the co:~e,q~s or~se :~,~Jeof TeI 510/643-7378 FAX510/643-5456 Thecontents of tins report reflect the vaewsof the author who~s responsthle for the facts and accuracyof the data presentedhereto Thecontents do not necessarily reflect the offieaal wowsor pohcm~of the State of Cahformaor the U S Departmentof Transportatlor~Thas report doesnot constitute a standard, speclficataon, or regutatmn Object-Oriented Dynamic GIS for Tr~Lnsportation Planning l~egmald G. Golledge Departmentof Geography and Research Umton Spatlat Cognttlon and Choice Umversltyof Cahforma,Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA93106-406C Working Paper September 1996 UCTC No 337 The Umverslty of Cahfornla Transportatton Center Unlverslty of Cahfornla at Berkeley Table of Contents Page Section Io Original Proposal ReginaldG. Golledge........................................................... 1 Section II. Workingnotes. Defmmonsand commentson ObJect-Oriented concepts ...... 11 (A) Overviewof map storage problems. Jon Speigle ........................................................ i 1 03) ObJect-Oriented definmonsand concepts. Jon Spetgle ......................................................... 20 (C) ObJect-Oriented systems and ATIS Jon Spe~.gle ....................................................... 26 Section]:1I. Workdngnotes Notes on an ObJect-Oriented database for use in an ATIS. Jon Spe:gle ...................................... 35 SecUon IV. Conmbutlor:s of GIS to AdvancedTraveler Informataon Systems (ATIS) Paper presented at the Western Reg:onal Science Assoclat:on Meeting, Tucson, An:zona, February 23-27, 1994 Mei-Po Kwan and Reginald G Golledge ............................ 47 Secuon V Path Select:on and Route Preference in HumanNavlgation A Progress Report Paper prepared for COSITConference, Vienna, September [995 Reginald G Golledge ....................... ..... 57 Section VI. ComputataoaalProcess Modelhngof D:saggregate Travel Behav:our. Paper presented at the IGU-Commlsslonon Ma~ematmalModels, Internataonal Geogaph:cal Congress, The Hague, August 5-10, 1996. Me:-Po Kwan and Reginald G Golledge ........................... 93 Informat:on Representation for Driver Dec:stun Support Systems. Paper presented at the Theoret:cal Foundat:ons of Travel Cho:ce Modelmg Conference, Stockholm, Sweden. August 1996 Me:-PoKwan, Reginald G. Golledge, and Jon Spelgle ....................... 111 SecUonVIII. A Rewewof ObJect-Oriented Approaches m Geograph:c Irfformatmn Systemsfor Transportation Modehng°Manuscript subrmtted to TransportanonResearch, Part C. Mm-PoKwan, Regmaid G. Golledge, and Jon Speigle ...................... 135 Section IX. Developmgan ObJect-Oriented Testbed for ModehngTransportat:on NetworksManuscnpt to be submitted to the International Journal of GIS. Mei-PoKwan, Jon MSpeigle, and Reginald G. Golledge ................... 169 Secuon X. Personsassociated w:th the project .......................................... 195 Section XI. Papersand presentatmns ......................................................... 197 Section I Original Proposal UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA TRANSPORTATION CENTER COVER SHEET RESEARCHPROPOSAL (August 1, 1994 - July 31, 1995) ProJect Title: 0bject-0rientedDynamic GIS for Transporta~!onPlanning ProJect Dtrector: Professor Reginald G. Golladge Faculty Supervisor: (for dissertation granm) Dept & Campus Address Department of Geography, Universzty of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Telephone Number: (805) 893-2731 Fax i~ umber: (805) 893-3146 E-Mad Address. [email protected] OTI~R KEY ACADEMICPARTICIPANTS (Name, Dept, Campus Address, Phone) Mei-Po Kwan, Graduate Student Researcher, Department of Geography, UCSB (805) 893-2731, GSR One Graduate Student: 1 GSRII PROJECTDESCRIPTION: (15t) word abstract, with attention to pertinent key words.) The purpose of this research is to develop an object-oriented GIS that can be used in conjuncnon with computauonal process model oftrave! behavior to develop a real world test bed for developing and testing products of policy measures such as IVES. Our GIS is designed to handle multi-~iimensional network modelling, multi-level spatial modelling and multi=mode routing. It will have a dynamic component, and wi[l use a variety of fimctionalities to help determine destinations, routes and activity pattern in the presence of different types of traveler information. Combinedwith recent development in mobile computer, our GIS is expected to handle fast changiag values in location and temporal updates. In this phase, the project’s focus will be on the cenceproalization of the model, formula6on of algorithms and programming work for implementation. BUDGET REQUESTED:Total direct costs $ 82,448 Date of this proposal: 2/16/94 Object-Oriented Dynamic GIS for Transportation Planning Description of the Proposed Research and Central Questions Transportataon planning has been concentrated ondemand management as detailed in recent leglslatlon such as the I.ntermodal Surface T~nsportaraonEfficiency. Act (ISTEA)W~th the advent of Intelligent Vehlcte I--hghway Systems (I"v’HS) and chfferent managementmeasures such as carpooting, vanpooting and telecommutmg,transportataon modelling needs to incorporate analyses on these pohcy measures. Recent computer technolo~’ offers versaule funcuonahwto model and evaluate/mpacts of these pohcies Geographic mformauonsystems (GIS), as aa integrating technology., has been uncreasmglyused by DOT handle r~-ansportauon modelingand plaralmg needs VHSaims to uuhze advanced m_~rmataontec,hnolo~y and processing to umproverm, a~c efficiency Both statac and dynamacreformation are needed m an IVHSFlrsL a representation of the real world enwronment,with all the street networkand tnformataonabout location of related objects is required. Vetucle routing and navigauon~all be based on this network represeutatlon Second. dynarmctraffic mformanonupdating m a short t~e interval have to be included for accurate tra~c forecast. With recent advances m technologies, fast Iocar~ion and temporal update are possible Global posmorungsystems can accurately trace the locat~on of an vehicle within several meters Detectors of IVHScan provadetm.ffic counts m a precise wayThe centr~d quesuonxs howto handle this fast tempo,nil changeant: update of location wmhmaa efficlent database system. GIS have the potenraat to handle humanmovement m space and time ExastmgGIS routines have been used to perform bas~c networkalgonthr~ such as shortest path, travelhng salesperson problemand recently, locauon-allocaraon models Apphcat~ons commonlyavailable m exlstmg GIS so~vare hke TRANSCAD and ARC/INFOhave largei? been operated m data models that replicate the iJ.nk-node network structure of the TIGERfile However.this s~rucmredoes not satlsfy, the various reqmremen~in today’s tra~c management~especial1? m aa IVHScontext First, the llnk-node data modelis la,rgely ptanar and it does not chstmgmshaa mtersecuon(e g whentwo surface streets intersect) from aa mlersection caused by an overpass or a sub~ay llne Second, humans navTgatenot by link and node but by perceiving streets as continuous objec~ Third, the net~ork structure represented m these models ~s not detmled enoughto represent lane mformatlonfor navigauonpurposes without duplicating topology However,duplicating topolo~" m the G!S will increase
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