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The Tolstoyan Episode in American Social Thought 49
the tolstoyan episode in american social thought harry walsh Throughout a long and creative life Leo Tolstoy trod unstintingly the path of systematic philosophical inquiry. By examining every con tending system and by subjecting every body of thought to intense scrutiny, he was able at last to integrate his ideas into a very personal doctrine called tolstovstvo in Russian and referred to in these pages as Tolstoyism. Between Tolstoy's literary debut in 1852 and the late 1880's, when he first became known in America, Tolstoy's philosophical evolution took him through a welter of often contradictory beliefs. Taken as a stadial development, his works form a logical progression toward an ideal, but if they are to be viewed all at once, then their overall design is obscured. In nineteenth-century Russia the observant reader was able to plot the course by which Tolstoy's tireless mind moved successively from one idea to another. Thus the perceptive critic Mikhailovsky was able to predict with some accuracy the future direc tion of Tolstoy's literary efforts after reading Part Seven of Anna Karenina, wherein is described the shattering revelation that transformed Tolstoy's life and work. The author of The Cossacks and War and Peace came to be disowned by the man who wrote Confession and The Death of Ivan Ilyich. The American readership, however, received the young Tolstoy with the old. Whereas in 1885 only a single translation of The Cossacks was available to the American reader, by 1890 there were 34 titles in print, and a twenty-volume set of Tolstoy's collected works would soon appear.1 By reading only two of these works one might en counter both a defender of Orthodoxy and an apostate, an aristocrat and a muzhik, a pacifist and a militant nationalist, an advocate of family happiness and a preacher of celibacy and sexual continence, an objective observer of human behavior and an apostle. -
University of Oklahoma Graduate College Waging Peace: a Defense of Interpersonal Pacifism a Dissertation Submitted to the Gradua
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE WAGING PEACE: A DEFENSE OF INTERPERSONAL PACIFISM A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By GUY MICHAEL CRAIN Norman, Oklahoma 2016 WAGING PEACE: A DEFENSE OF INTERPERSONAL PACIFISM A DISSERTATION APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF PHILOSOPHY BY ______________________________ Dr. Linda Zagzebski, Chair ______________________________ Dr. Steve Ellis ______________________________ Dr. Sherri Irvin ______________________________ Dr. Zev Trachtenberg ______________________________ Dr. David Vishanoff © Copyright by GUY MICHAEL CRAIN 2016 All Rights Reserved. Acknowledgements I owe tremendous gratitude to many people. Many of my fellow graduate students were integral to my success. Several conversations with Rob Byer were very encouraging if not borderline psychotherapeutic. Those conversations meant more to me than I think Rob realizes—especially one that convinced me not to quit the graduate program after the first year. I should also thank Andrew Russo for several conversations; this upper-classman’s encouragement mattered a great deal. My own classmates formed quite a cohort. I am grateful to Dan Cheon, Max Parish, and Patrick Epley for their support. Dan always reminded me to relax and enjoy the ride. Max’s quiet, smiling steadfastness and helpfulness meant a lot. And I owe endless thanks to Pat. I cannot believe the number of times Pat allowed me to monopolize his time with conversation after conversation as I struggled to understand course material and make sense of my own research. I must also thank Jonathan Rutledge who has been such an important friend and colleague throughout my grad school experience. -
Kropotkin in America
PAULAVRICH KROPOTKIN IN AMERICA It is a well-established fact that foreign immigrants and visitors played a major role in the emergence of American anarchism. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, European-born artisans and peasants — Germans and Czechs, Italians and Spaniards, Russians and Jews — constituted the mass base of the movement, while its intellectual leadership included well-known speakers and writers from diverse countries, who came either as permanent settlers or on extended lecture tours. Among the Russians, Michael Bakunin spent nearly two months in the United States after his flight from Siberia in 1861.1 Stepniak (S. M. Kravchinsky) went there to lecture in 1891, N. V. Chaikovsky to join a Utopian community and again to raise funds for the Russian revolutionary movement. The flood of Russian immigrants before and during the First World War included V. M. Eikhenbaum ("Volin"), Efim Yarchuk, Aaron and Fanny Baron, Boris Yelensky and William Shatoff, not to mention Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman, who had arrived in the 188O's. After the Bolshevik consolidation of power came such figures as Gregory Maximoff, Abba Gordin and Mark Mratchny, who recently died in New York, the last of the Russian anarchists with an international reputation. (Maximoff died in Chicago in 1950 and Alexander Schapiro in New York in 1946, a refugee from Hitler's invasion of France.) Of all the Russian visitors, however, it was Peter Kropotkin who made the greatest impression. The leading figure in the international anarchist movement since Bakunin's death in 1876, Kropotkin was a founder of both the British and Russian anarchist movements, and exerted a strong in- fluence on anarchists throughout the world. -
Labor and Neighbor
Labor ?n* Neighbor By ERNEST CROSBY -j ^sjc<Jfy err**- j <J 'TIX^*-*— pj^azr^-^r-j > ERNEST CROSBY Labor and Neighbor An Appeal to First Principles BY ERNEST CROSBY Author of 'Captain Jinks, Hero," "Tolstoy and His Message, "Swords and Plowshares," "Garrison, the Non-Resistant, " etc. CHICAGO: Louis F. Post, 357 Dearborn Street, 1908 Copyright, 1908. by Louis F. Post. All rights reserved. Publisher's Note. These pages contain the last message of Ernest Crosby, the only full-rounded industrial study which this man of robust thought and clear and pictur- esque expression has left us. He was a son of Dr. Howard Crosby, the old-time Presbyterian clergyman of New York, whose mem- ory is an inspiration. Dr. Crosby's personality, while delightful, was commanding. He believed firmly in what he believed, yet was broadly tolerant. Though pastor of a wealthy congregation, he knew no distinctions of caste. A man of infinite moral courage, he thought right, spoke right and did right, as God had given him to see the right, regardless of consequences. Dr. Crosby's influence was easily traceable in the career of his more widely famous son. A poet of exceptional insight and power of rhythmical expres- sion, a speaker of commanding presence, with a rare faculty of thinking coherently and forcibly in the face of an audience, and of composing extemporane- ously with simple eloquence and in unimpassioned manner, a prose author of direct and lucid style, Ernest Howard Crosby gave vitality to his talents and acquirements through the loftiness of his ideals and the inflexibility of his courage. -
The International Socialist Review DEVOTED to the STUDY and DISCUSSION of the PROBLEMS INCIDENT to the GROWTH of the INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST MOVEMENT EDITED by A
I Sj.oo A Tear to Cents A Copy THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST REVIEW A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST THOUGHT Volume VII FEBRUARY 1, 1907 Number 8 CONTENTS First Impressions of Socialism Abroad Robert Hunter Why the Workingman is Without a Church Clarence Mcily The National Strike Francis Marshall Elliott To Ernest Howard Crosby, Poem Edward Perkins Clarke Oligarchy and Imperialism ' Austin Lewis New Movements Amongst the Jewish Proletariat .Jacob Milch The General Laws of Evolution as seen in Social Evolution. ...John T. Gulick A Propaganda Plan Sidney M. Ullinan DEPARTMENTS Editorial — The Evolution of Socialists « The World of Labor Socialism Abroad Book Reviews Publishers' Department PUBLISHED BV CHARLES H. KERR & COMPANY (Cooperative) M14 284 EAST KINZIE STREET, CHICAGO, U. S. A. Copyright 1906 by Charles H. Kerr It Company The International Socialist Review DEVOTED TO THE STUDY AND DISCUSSION OF THE PROBLEMS INCIDENT TO THE GROWTH OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIALIST MOVEMENT EDITED BY A. M. SIMONS FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS: ENGLAND — H. M. Hyndman, Walter Crank, Samuel Hobson, H. Quelch, J. Keir Hardik, J. R. McDonald. FRANCE — Paul Lafargue, Jean Jaures, Jean Longuet. BELGIUM — Emile Vandervelde, Henri Lafontaine, Emile Vinck, Mme. Lalla Vandervelde. DENMARK— Dr. Gustav Bang. GERMANY— Karl Kautsky. ITALY — Dr. Alrssandro Schiavi, Prof. En rico Ferri. SWEDEN— Anton Anderson. JAPAN— T. Murai. CHINA — Clarence Clowe. Contributions are solicited upon all phases of Socialist thought, and all prob lems of modern social organization. No alterations are made in accepted manu script, but the right of editorial comment is always reserved. The absence of such comment, however, is to be in no way construed as editorial endorsement of the positions in any published communication. -
The London School of Economics and Political Science
The London School of Economics and Political Science LOVE IN A TIME OF EMPIRE An Engagement with the Political Thought of Tolstoy, Tagore and Camus Liane Marie Hartnett A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, September 2018. DECLARATION I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 77,173 words. 1 ABSTRACT Hannah Arendt once wrote, ‘Love, by its very nature, is unworldly, and it is for this reason rather than its rarity that it is not only apolitical but antipolitical, perhaps the most powerful of all antipolitical human forces’. Situated in the interstices of intellectual history, international political theory and literature, this thesis is my attempt to think through this claim. I do this via an engagement with the thought of three liminal literary figures, namely, Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910), Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) and Albert Camus (1913-1960). -
Ernest Howard Crosby: a Forgotten Tolstoyan Anti-Militarist and Anti-Imperialist1 Perry E
ernest howard crosby: a forgotten tolstoyan anti-militarist and anti-imperialist1 perry e. gianakos When Ernest Howard Crosby died in 1907, he was eulogized in a memorial serv These are great days, Colonel Jinks .... ice at Cooper Union by the Great Days, indeed, for foreign missions. What would St. John have said on the island many friends he had made of Patmos if he could have cabled for during his career as a re half-a-dozen armies and half-a-dozen fleets, former in New York City. and got them too? He would have made short Among the organizations work of his jailers. As he looks down upon sponsoring the service were us to-night, how his soul must rejoice! The The Social Welfare Club of Master told us to go into all nations, and we are going to go if it takes a million New York, The Manhattan troops to send us and keep us there. Single Tax Club, the Society Ernest Howard Crosby, for Italian Immigrants, the Captain Jinks, Hero Central Federated Labor (1902), 270-271 Union of New York, The Filipino Progress Association, the Anti-Imperialist League and others, some twenty in all.2 This was quite a tribute for a man who had been engaged in reform for only about ten years. But then Crosby's reforming career, short though it was, was highly unusual. Born into a patrician New York family in 1856—his father was the popular pastor of the 4th Avenue Presbyterian Church of New York and himself something of a reformer—he was educated in New York City at New York University and Columbia Law School, graduating in 1878. -
Books On-Line: Complete List by Title
Books On-line: Complete List by Title COMPLETE LIST BY TITLE List too long? See the main on-line books page to browse it in segments, or search for particular books. Please suggest any additions to [email protected]. Additional titles not locally indexed can be found at the other repositories listed on the main on-line books page. See also listings by author. ● "...For the Hour of His Judgment Is Come..." by Annikki Matthan (HTML in Finland) ● The "B. O. W. C.": A Book for Boys (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1869) by James De Mille (page images at canadiana.org) ● The "Bab" Ballads by William S. Gilbert (Gutenberg text) ● "Both Sides Told," or, Southern California As It Is by Mary C. Vail (HTML at LOC) ● "Bringing the Ranks Up to the Standard" by Emma L. Burnett (page images at canadiana.org) ● "Cato" on Constitutional "Money" and Legal Tender (Charleston: Evans & Cogswell, 1862) by Thomas Jefferson Withers (HTML and TEI at UNC) ● "Dot It Down": a Story of Life in the North-West (Toronto : Hunter, Rose, 1871) by Alexander Begg (page images at canadiana.org) ● "Esmeralda" Waltz-Lanciers by William W. Florence (HTML and page images at LOC) ● "Greenbacks" by Observer (page images at MOA) ● "Left-Wing" Communism: An Infantile Disorder by Vladimir Ilich Lenin, trans. by Julius Katzer (HTML at marxists.org) ● "Little Sheaves" Gathered While Gleaning After Reapers by Caroline M. Nichols Churchill (HTML at LOC) ● "Mademoiselle Miss": Letters from an American Girl Serving with the Rank of Lieutenant in a French Army Hospital at the Front -
The Complete Works of Count Tolstoy (1904)
Chinsegut Hill University of Florida The Complete Works op COUNT TOLSTOY Volume XXIV. Tolstoy and His Wife Photogravure from a Photograph LATEST WORKS 5 LIFE GENERAL INDEX 5 BIBLI- OGRAPHY 5 :2 :2 5 By COUNT LEV N. TOLSTOY Translated from the Original Russian and Edited by LEO WIENER Assistant Professor of Slavic Languages at Harvard University BOSTON £ DANA ESTES & COMPANY £ PUBLISHERS EDITION DE LUXE Limited to One Thousand Copies, of which this is No 411 Copyright, igos By Dana Estes & Company Entered at Stationers' Hall Colonial Press : Electrotyped and Printed by C. H. Simonds& Co., Boston, Mass., U. S. A. CONTENTS PAGE The Slavery of Our Tijie 1 What Is Religion ? 75 To THE Working People 129 Religion and Morality 171 A Few Words Concerning the Book " War and Peace" I79 Verses I95 Lev N. Tolstoy: An Analysis of His Life and Works 203 Chronological Table of Events in the Life of Tolst6y 309 Index to Life and Works of Tolst6y . 319 On the Pronunciation of Russian Words . 329 Index to Thoughts and Names in Tolstoy's Works 333 Bibliography 401 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PAGE Tolst<5y and His Wife Frontispiece Portrait of Tolst6y during His Illness, 1902 . 77 Tolst(5y and His Wife in the Crimea, March, 1903 132 Portrait op Tolstoy, 1895 205 Countess Tolstoy (n^e S6fiya Behrs) . 254 Tolst6y's Daughters, TatyXna and Marya Lv6vna 260 Portrait of Tolst6y, 1893, after Finishing <' The Kingdom op God Is within You" . 298 THE SLAVERY OF OUR TIME 1900 THE SLAVERY OF OUR TIME INTEODUCTION Almost fifteen years ago the census taken in Moscow evoked in -
Essays in Anarchism and Religion: Volume III
Tolstoy’s Christian Anarcho-Pacifism: An Exposition Alexandre Christoyannopoulos1 Loughborough University, UK In the last thirty years of his life, Leo Tolstoy wrote many books, essays and pamphlets expounding his maturing views on violence, the state, the church, and how to improve the human condition. Since then, these ‘Christian anarchist’ and pacifist views haveoften been dismissed as utopian or naive, and despite inspiring numerous activists, often forgotten or ignored. This chapter seeks to exami- ne them in greater detail. Tolstoy’s political thought is divided into four main themes: pacifism, anarchism, anticlericalism, and activist methods. For each theme, Tolstoy’s main contentions are first sum- med up, then some of their criticisms are discussed, and then some reflections are offered on their ongoing relevance today. The chapter concludes that despite being an odd Christian, an odd pacifist, an odd anarchist and an odd activist, Tolstoy put forward: a compel- ling denunciation of violence which influenced numerous thinkers and activists; a condemnation of state violence and deception which can be extended to today’s globalised political economy; a bitter cri- tique of the church which can be extended to religious institutions of our time; and a method of activism through withdrawal which continues to generate debate and is increasingly adopted by a varie- ty of activists today. In short: Tolstoy’s Christian anarcho-pacifist political thought continues to deserve to be taken seriously. I am grateful to Matthew Adams and four anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments and suggestions on earlier drafts of this chapter, and indeed to the many readers and conference participants who have provided comments on earlier drafts of parts of my argument. -
Exquisite Rebel: the Essays of Voltairine De Cleyre— Feminist, Anarchist, Genius
Exquisite Rebel: The Essays of Voltairine de Cleyre— Feminist, Anarchist, Genius Sharon Presley Crispin Sartwell Editors State University of New York Press Exquisite Rebel Voltairine de Cleyre, Philadelphia, 1901. Exquisite Rebel The Essays of Voltairine de Cleyre— Feminist, Anarchist, Genius Voltairine de Cleyre Sharon Presley and Crispin Sartwell, editors State University of New York Press Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 2005 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. For information, address State University of New York Press, 90 State Street, Suite 700, Albany, NY 12207 Production by Michael Haggett Marketing by Michael Campochiaro Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data De Cleyre, Voltairine, 1866–1912. Exquisite rebel : essays of Voltairine de Cleyre : American feminist, anarchist, genius / Voltairine de Cleyre ; Sharon Presley and Crispin Sartwell, editors. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7914-6093-2 (alk. paper) — ISBN 0-7914-6094-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Anarchism—United States. 2. Feminism—United States. 3. De Cleyre, Voltairine, 1866–1912—Criticism and interpretation. I. Presley, Sharon. II. Sartwell, Crispin, 1958– III. Title. HX843.D43 2005 335Ј.83Ј092—dc22 2004059138 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Crispin Sartwell dedicates his work on this volume to his daughters Emma and Jane.