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A New Genus Navipelta (Peltaspermales, Pteridospermae) from the Permian/Triassic Boundary Deposits of the Moscow Syneclise E
ISSN 0031-0301, Paleontological Journal, 2009, Vol. 43, No. 10, pp. 1262–1271. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2009. A New Genus Navipelta (Peltaspermales, Pteridospermae) from the Permian/Triassic Boundary Deposits of the Moscow Syneclise E. V. Karasev Borissiak Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Profsoyuznaya, 123, Moscow e-mail: [email protected] Received January 25, 2009 Abstract—A new genus of peltaspermalean ovuliferous organs Navipelta gen. nov. is described from the ter- restrial deposits of the Nedubrovo locality (village of Nedubrovo, Vologda Region, Russia), belonging to the base of Vetlugian Group (Upper Permian–Lower Triassic). Data on the anatomy of the peltate bilateral ovulif- erous organs are obtained for the first time. Vascular strands in the peltoid depart from that of a stalk and branch up to three times distally. Transfusion tissue around the vascular strands is well developed. The new genus had a system of radially arranged resin canals, broaden into large secretory cavities. Key words: Peltaspermaceae, ovuliferous organs, Peltaspermum, Autunia, Permian/Triassic boundary, Vetlu- gian Group, systematics. DOI: 10.1134/S0031030109100086 INTRODUCTION angium Zhao ex Gomankov et Meyen and Autuniopsis Poort et Kerp) or on the basis of their association with The family Peltaspermaceae attracts attention of different foliage (Peltaspermopsis buevichiae Goman- many researchers, because its members were the main kov et. Meyen and Meyenopteris, Poort et Kerp) component of the Late Permian Angaraland floras. (Gomankov and Meyen, 1986; Poort and Kerp, 1990). They escaped the global crisis on the Permian/Triassic boundary and transited in the Mesozoic, where domi- The morphology and epidermal structure of seed- nated during the Middle and Late Triassic of the North- bearing organs in the Peltaspermaceae were studied rel- ern as well as Southern hemispheres. -
Tempo-Spatial Pattern of Stepharine Accumulation in Stephania Glabra Morphogenic Tissues
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Tempo-Spatial Pattern of Stepharine Accumulation in Stephania Glabra Morphogenic Tissues Tatiana Y. Gorpenchenko 1,* , Valeria P. Grigorchuk 1, Dmitry V. Bulgakov 1, Galina K. Tchernoded 1 and Victor P. Bulgakov 1,2,* 1 Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity (Institute of Biology and Soil Science), Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Stoletija Str., 690022 Vladivostok, Russia; [email protected] (V.P.G.); [email protected] (D.V.B.); [email protected] (G.K.T.) 2 Far Eastern Federal University, School of Biomedicine, 8 Sukhanova Str., 690950 Vladivostok, Russia * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.Y.G.); [email protected] (V.P.B.); Tel.: +7-423-231-0193 (T.Y.G.) Received: 25 December 2018; Accepted: 6 February 2019; Published: 13 February 2019 Abstract: Alkaloids attract great attention due to their valuable therapeutic properties. Stepharine, an aporphine alkaloid of Stephania glabra plants, exhibits anti-aging, anti-hypertensive, and anti-viral effects. The distribution of aporphine alkaloids in cell cultures, as well as whole plants is unknown, which hampers the development of bioengineering strategies toward enhancing their production. The spatial distribution of stepharine in cell culture models, plantlets, and mature micropropagated plants was investigated at the cellular and organ levels. Stepharine biosynthesis was found to be highly spatially and temporally regulated during plant development. We proposed that self-intoxication is the most likely reason for the failure of the induction of alkaloid biosynthesis in cell cultures. During somatic embryo development, the toxic load of alkaloids inside the cells increased. -
Evolution of the Female Conifer Cone Fossils, Morphology and Phylogenetics
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EVOLUTION OF THE FEMALE CONIFER CONE FOSSILS, MORPHOLOGY AND PHYLOGENETICS Daniel Bäck Degree project for Bachelor of Science with a major in Biology BIO602, Biologi: Examensarbete – kandidatexamen, 15 hp First cycle Semester/year: Spring 2020 Supervisor: Åslög Dahl, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Examiner: Claes Persson, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences Front page: Abies koreana (immature seed cones), Gothenburg Botanical Garden, Sweden Table of contents 1 Abstract ............................................................................................................................... 2 2 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Brief history of Florin’s research ............................................................................... 3 2.2 Progress in conifer phylogenetics .............................................................................. 4 3 Aims .................................................................................................................................... 4 4 Materials and Methods ........................................................................................................ 4 4.1 Literature: ................................................................................................................... 4 4.2 RStudio: ..................................................................................................................... -
Ecological Sorting of Vascular Plant Classes During the Paleozoic Evolutionary Radiation
i1 Ecological Sorting of Vascular Plant Classes During the Paleozoic Evolutionary Radiation William A. DiMichele, William E. Stein, and Richard M. Bateman DiMichele, W.A., Stein, W.E., and Bateman, R.M. 2001. Ecological sorting of vascular plant classes during the Paleozoic evolutionary radiation. In: W.D. Allmon and D.J. Bottjer, eds. Evolutionary Paleoecology: The Ecological Context of Macroevolutionary Change. Columbia University Press, New York. pp. 285-335 THE DISTINCTIVE BODY PLANS of vascular plants (lycopsids, ferns, sphenopsids, seed plants), corresponding roughly to traditional Linnean classes, originated in a radiation that began in the late Middle Devonian and ended in the Early Carboniferous. This relatively brief radiation followed a long period in the Silurian and Early Devonian during wrhich morphological complexity accrued slowly and preceded evolutionary diversifications con- fined within major body-plan themes during the Carboniferous. During the Middle Devonian-Early Carboniferous morphological radiation, the major class-level clades also became differentiated ecologically: Lycopsids were cen- tered in wetlands, seed plants in terra firma environments, sphenopsids in aggradational habitats, and ferns in disturbed environments. The strong con- gruence of phylogenetic pattern, morphological differentiation, and clade- level ecological distributions characterizes plant ecological and evolutionary dynamics throughout much of the late Paleozoic. In this study, we explore the phylogenetic relationships and realized ecomorphospace of reconstructed whole plants (or composite whole plants), representing each of the major body-plan clades, and examine the degree of overlap of these patterns with each other and with patterns of environmental distribution. We conclude that 285 286 EVOLUTIONARY PALEOECOLOGY ecological incumbency was a major factor circumscribing and channeling the course of early diversification events: events that profoundly affected the structure and composition of modern plant communities. -
Diversity and Homologies of Corystosperm Seed-Bearing Structures from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia Aã B,C D E F Gongle Shi , Peter R
Journal of Systematic Palaeontology ISSN: 1477-2019 (Print) 1478-0941 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjsp20 Diversity and homologies of corystosperm seed- bearing structures from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia Gongle Shi, Peter R. Crane, Patrick S. Herendeen, Niiden Ichinnorov, Masamichi Takahashi & Fabiany Herrera To cite this article: Gongle Shi, Peter R. Crane, Patrick S. Herendeen, Niiden Ichinnorov, Masamichi Takahashi & Fabiany Herrera (2019) Diversity and homologies of corystosperm seed- bearing structures from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 17:12, 997-1029, DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2018.1493547 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1493547 Published online: 14 Jan 2019. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 142 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjsp20 Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 2019 Vol. 17, No. 12, 997–1029, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2018.1493547 Diversity and homologies of corystosperm seed-bearing structures from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia aà b,c d e f Gongle Shi , Peter R. Crane , Patrick S. Herendeen , Niiden Ichinnorov , Masamichi Takahashi and Fabiany Herrerad aState Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; bOak Spring Garden -
A Middle Eocene Lowland Humid Subtropical “Shangri-La” Ecosystem in Central Tibet
A Middle Eocene lowland humid subtropical “Shangri-La” ecosystem in central Tibet Tao Sua,b,c,1, Robert A. Spicera,d, Fei-Xiang Wue,f, Alexander Farnsworthg, Jian Huanga,b, Cédric Del Rioa, Tao Dengc,e,f, Lin Dingh,i, Wei-Yu-Dong Denga,c, Yong-Jiang Huangj, Alice Hughesk, Lin-Bo Jiaj, Jian-Hua Jinl, Shu-Feng Lia,b, Shui-Qing Liangm, Jia Liua,b, Xiao-Yan Liun, Sarah Sherlockd, Teresa Spicera, Gaurav Srivastavao, He Tanga,c, Paul Valdesg, Teng-Xiang Wanga,c, Mike Widdowsonp, Meng-Xiao Wua,c, Yao-Wu Xinga,b, Cong-Li Xua, Jian Yangq, Cong Zhangr, Shi-Tao Zhangs, Xin-Wen Zhanga,c, Fan Zhaoa, and Zhe-Kun Zhoua,b,j,1 aCAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China; bCenter of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China; cUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China; dSchool of Environment, Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, United Kingdom; eKey Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100044 Beijing, China; fCenter for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; gSchool of Geographical Sciences and Cabot Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TH, United Kingdom; hCAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China; iKey Laboratory of -
SEM Studies of Two Riparian New-Caledonian Conifers Reveal
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 34 | Issue 1 Article 2 2016 SEM Studies of Two Riparian New-Caledonian Conifers Reveal Air Channels in Stem Wood; Field Observations Sherwin Carlquist Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, Santa Barbara, California Mare Nazaire Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Carlquist, Sherwin and Nazaire, Mare (2016) "SEM Studies of Two Riparian New-Caledonian Conifers Reveal Air Channels in Stem Wood; Field Observations," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 34: Iss. 1, Article 2. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol34/iss1/2 Aliso, 34(1), p. 1–7 ISSN 0065-6275 (print), 2327-2929 (online) SEM STUDIES OF TWO RIPARIAN NEW-CALEDONIAN CONIFERS REVEAL AIR CHANNELS IN STEM WOOD; FIELD OBSERVATIONS SHERWIN CARLQUIST1,2 AND MARE NAZAIRE3 1Santa Barbara Botanic Garden, 1212 Mission Canyon Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 2Corresponding author ([email protected]) 3Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711 ABSTRACT Two New Caledonian conifers, Dacrydium guillauminii and Retrophyllum minor, both of Podocarpaceae, occupy distinctive habitats in which roots are characteristically inundated. SEM studies of stem wood anatomy of both reveal characteristic vertical intercellular channels, not apparent in light microscope examination. These channels are regular in spacing as seen in radial sections and indefinite in vertical extent; they were observed only adjacent to rays. These channels, not reported in other conifers, are a potential source of aeration for roots and submersed stem portions. -
Transformative Paleobotany
Chapter 6 Lower Permian Flora of the Sanzenbacher Ranch, Clay County, Texas William A. DiMichele1, Robert W. Hook2, Hans Kerp3, Carol L. Hotton1,4, Cindy V. Looy5 and Dan S. Chaney1 1NMNH Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States; 2The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States; 3Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany; 4National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States; 5University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States 1. INTRODUCTION 1985; Broutin, 1986; Popa, 1999; Steyer et al., 2000; Wagner and Mayoral, 2007; Bercovici and Broutin, 2008; Since 1989, field parties supported by the U.S. National Barthel, 2009; Wagner and Álvarez-Vázquez, 2010; Museum of Natural History have obtained large collections Barthel and Brauner, 2015). Furthermore, because this of mainly Permian plant fossils from north central Texas. locality was collected on three occasions over a time period This work was undertaken to study known localities and to of 50 years and by different parties, comparative analysis of find new fossiliferous deposits that would contribute to a the Sanzenbacher collections provides a basis for assessing better understanding of floral and paleoenvironmental sites that have comparable histories. changes within the region during the early Permian. From the outset, the effort was interdisciplinary and grew, through the contributions of nearly 20 paleobotanists, 2. GEOLOGY palynologists, invertebrate and vertebrate paleontologists, Clay County is the only county in the Permo-Carboniferous and sedimentary geologists of several subdisciplines, to be outcrop belt of north central Texas that lacks marine rocks. quite comprehensive. Our reporting of results, however, has These alluvial sediments accumulated east of a broad been influenced by unexpected developments, including the coastal plain that bordered the Eastern Shelf of the Midland discovery of new plant-fossil assemblages in areas once Basin. -
The 1770 Landscape of Botany Bay, the Plants Collected by Banks and Solander and Rehabilitation of Natural Vegetation at Kurnell
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Hochschulschriftenserver - Universität Frankfurt am Main Backdrop to encounter: the 1770 landscape of Botany Bay, the plants collected by Banks and Solander and rehabilitation of natural vegetation at Kurnell Doug Benson1 and Georgina Eldershaw2 1Botanic Gardens Trust, Mrs Macquaries Rd Sydney 2000 AUSTRALIA email [email protected] 2Parks & Wildlife Division, Dept of Environment and Conservation (NSW), PO Box 375 Kurnell NSW 2231 AUSTRALIA email [email protected] Abstract: The first scientific observations on the flora of eastern Australia were made at Botany Bay in April–May 1770. We discuss the landscapes of Botany Bay and particularly of the historic landing place at Kurnell (lat 34˚ 00’ S, long 151˚ 13’ E) (about 16 km south of central Sydney), as described in the journals of Lieutenant James Cook and Joseph Banks on the Endeavour voyage in 1770. We list 132 plant species that were collected at Botany Bay by Banks and Daniel Solander, the first scientific collections of Australian flora. The list is based on a critical assessment of unpublished lists compiled by authors who had access to the collection of the British Museum (now Natural History Museum), together with species from material at National Herbarium of New South Wales that has not been previously available. The list includes Bidens pilosa which has been previously regarded as an introduced species. In 1770 the Europeans set foot on Aboriginal land of the Dharawal people. Since that time the landscape has been altered in response to a succession of different land-uses; farming and grazing, commemorative tree planting, parkland planting, and pleasure ground and tourist visitation. -
Habit and Ecology of the Petriellales, an Unusual Group of Seed Plants from the Triassic of Gondwana Author(S): Benjamin Bomfleur, Anne-Laure Decombeix, Andrew B
Habit and Ecology of the Petriellales, an Unusual Group of Seed Plants from the Triassic of Gondwana Author(s): Benjamin Bomfleur, Anne-Laure Decombeix, Andrew B. Schwendemann, Ignacio H. Escapa, Edith L. Taylor, Thomas N. Taylor, Stephen McLoughlin Source: International Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 175, No. 9 (November/December 2014), pp. 1062-1075 Published by: The University of Chicago Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/678087 . Accessed: 08/12/2014 09:32 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp . JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 130.242.24.193 on Mon, 8 Dec 2014 09:32:01 AM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions Int. J. Plant Sci. 175(9):1062–1075. 2014. q 2014 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2014/17509-0008$15.00 DOI:10.1086/678087 HABIT AND ECOLOGY OF THE PETRIELLALES, AN UNUSUAL GROUP OF SEED PLANTS FROM THE TRIASSIC OF GONDWANA Benjamin Bomfleur,1,*,† Anne-Laure Decombeix,‡ Andrew B. -
Gene Duplications and Genomic Conflict Underlie Major Pulses of Phenotypic 2 Evolution in Gymnosperms 3 4 Gregory W
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.13.435279; this version posted March 15, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 1 Gene duplications and genomic conflict underlie major pulses of phenotypic 2 evolution in gymnosperms 3 4 Gregory W. Stull1,2,†, Xiao-Jian Qu3,†, Caroline Parins-Fukuchi4, Ying-Ying Yang1, Jun-Bo 5 Yang2, Zhi-Yun Yang2, Yi Hu5, Hong Ma5, Pamela S. Soltis6, Douglas E. Soltis6,7, De-Zhu Li1,2,*, 6 Stephen A. Smith8,*, Ting-Shuang Yi1,2,*. 7 8 1Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Kunming, Yunnan, China. 10 2CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of 11 Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China. 12 3Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Sciences, 13 Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, China. 14 4Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. 15 5Department of Biology, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, 16 University Park, PA, USA. 17 6Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. 18 7Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. 19 8Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 20 MI, USA. 21 †Co-first author. 22 *Correspondence to: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]. -
Ecology and Distribution of the Malesian Podocarps Neal J
4 Ecology and Distribution of the Malesian Podocarps Neal J. Enright and Tanguy Jaffré ABSTRACT. Podocarp species and genus richness is higher in the Malesian region than anywhere else on earth, with maximum genus richness in New Guinea and New Caledo- nia and maximum species richness in New Guinea and Borneo. Members of the Podo- carpaceae occur across the whole geographic and altitudinal range occupied by forests and shrublands in the region. There is a strong tendency for podocarp dominance of vegetation to be restricted either to high- altitude sites close to the limit of tree growth or to other sites that might restrict plant growth in terms of water relations and nutri- ent supply (e.g., skeletal soils on steep slopes and ridges, heath forests, ultramafic parent material). Although some species are widespread in lowland forests, they are generally present at very low density, raising questions concerning their regeneration ecology and competitive ability relative to co- occurring angiosperm tree species. A number of species in the region are narrowly distributed, being restricted to single islands or mountain tops, and are of conservation concern. Our current understanding of the distribution and ecology of Malesian podocarps is reviewed in this chapter, and areas for further research are identified. INTRODUCTION The Malesian region has the highest diversity of southern conifers (i.e., Podocarpaceae and Araucariaceae) in the world (Enright and Hill, 1995). It is a large and heterogeneous area, circumscribing tropical and subtropical lowland to montane forest (and some shrubland) assemblages, extending from Tonga in Neal J. Enright, School of Environmental Science, the east to India in the west and from the subtropical forests of eastern Australia Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Austra- in the south to Taiwan and Nepal in the north (Figure 4.1).