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Waste Management Plan (July 1987)

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Waste Management Plan (July 1987) REPRODUCED FROM BEST AVAILABLE COPY C0NF-871075--Vol.l-Pt.l & Z §•§!*: 1 § * 's 1 l.f | J | Z £ | t— c, ^i c- * w c w Initiative i'i^gf >•: I! =f u >, -r > — -?-: as 1987 OAK RIDGE MODEL CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS .•= _ ap Waste Management -^ s 11 I = ^ M ^. Volume I 55 c c -^ c C "^ -C C i_ Part 1 1^ I Bis I*eS sponsored by * _ I « -2 3 5 S 2 S £ 5 * ^ .31 -E S c-1 ~ The Department of Energy/Oak Ridge Operations ii c S-^ $ 1 2- 3 §•• Research and Waste Management Division and Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Prepared by ANALYSAS CORPORATION Printed by MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC. for the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under Contract No. DE-ACC5-840R21400 WSTB CONF-871075—Vol.1-Pt.1 \ DE88 007803 EXECUTIVE STEERING OGMfFFEEE XANCE J. MEZGA EXECUTIVE STEERING COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN ED AEHESCHER DR. lARRy JONES PUBLIC RELATIONS - TOURS UNIVERSITY PARTICIPATION ANNE CAIHOUN CYNTHIA KENERICK AEMENISTRATTVE SUPPORT TECHNICAL PROGRAM CHAIRMAN KWISE DUNLAP JUDITH IAHBERT CCMMUNHY PARnCIPATION CONFERENCE COC3RDINATOR KATHRYN FCREES NELSON PRESENTATICW COORDINATOR DDE IiAISON ROBEKT HHI'lM. IIKY MATIESON ANS TEACHER'S WORKSHOP CONFERENCE COORDINATOR DR. ROBEST JOII£Y •van BOH EXHIBITS - POSTER SESSIONS EXECUTIVE STEERING CCMMTTTEE CHAIRMAN EMERITUS TECHNICAL PROGRAM COMOTIEE CYNTHIA M. KENDRICK CHAIRMAN GARY D. ODXON MIKE C. SMITH J. CARROLL DUGGAN IRVIN G. SPEAS LARRY H. JONES, PhD. DON WILKES J. T. PRILE CM-S1.TK STAFF OOHFJJKENCE COORDINATORS COORDINATOR Judith Lambert Kathryn Forbes Lucy Matteson SESSION COORDINATORS Anne Calhcun Kathryn Forbes Kimberly Collirs Sallye Harrell Bat Evans Karla Spence Brenda Huckaby Bob Zerby Carolyn Johnson Rita Morgan Michelle Poore Kathy Penf ro Leanne Smith Joyce Sudderth OOOKDINfllCR Kevin Whaley Tim Golden Eddie McCarter John McCarter Ray Mitchell Tan Muncy Gene Rose Ed Trohtoridge Val Valentine H1WERS OFF-STTE Anns Calhoun Michelle Poore Kinlaerly Collins Larry Stewart Leanne Smith Kevin Whaley Kimberly Collins Leanne Smith IV Oak Ridge Model Conference Proceedings Waste Management Volume I Part 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE SESSION 1: WASTE MANAGEMENT PLENARY SESSION The Oak Ridge Waste Disposal Strategy Robert C. Sleeman, Department of Energy/Oak Ridge Operations (DOE/ORO) - . 3 Environmental Analyses for Proposed Savannah River Plant Waste Management. Actions John R. Jansen, Department of Energy/Savannah River Operations (DOE/SRO) 27 Recommendations Concerning Tennessee's Hazardous Waste Management Policies by a Task Force Representing Generators, Environmentalists, and Other Key Constituencies E. William Colglazier, University of Tennessee .... 43 In Situ Vitrification Demonstration for the Stabilization of Buried Wastes at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Gary K. Jacobs, Oak Ridge National Laboratory/Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. (ORNL/MMES) 51 Mixed Waste Disposal Facility at the Nevada Test Site Robert L. Dodge, Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Co. , Inc 71 SESSION 2: SITE REMEDIATION RI/FS Planning Activities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Joseph F. Nemec, Bechtel National, Inc 87 RCRA Land Unit Closures at the Y-12 Plant Sara H. Welch, Y-12/Martiii Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. (Y-12/MMES) 103 ORGDP RCRA Facility Investigation Program: Plans and Content J. L. Haymore, Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant/Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. (ORGDP/MMES) . 147 How Clean is Clean - A Review of Superfund Cleanups Charles F. Baes III, ORNL/MMES 173 Case Study: FUSRAP in New Jersey (1980-1987) James R. Kannard, Bechtel National, Inc. 185 SESSION 3: WASTE MINIMIZATION I Hazardous Waste Minimization Practices Bruce E. Boggs, Engineering-Science, Inc 203 Y-12 Plant Waste Minimization Strategy Michael A. Kane, Y-12/MMES 215 Process for Volume Reduction of Solution Raffinate for the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS) Roy D. Bundy, ORGDP/MMES 233 The Compaction of Baled Low Level Radioactive Waste H. W. Arrowsmith, Scientific Ecology Group, Inc 265 Environmental Experience and Potential, Using TVA's Coal Gasification Facility Phebus C. Williamson, Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) . 271 Replacement of Chlorinated Solvents at the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant L. M. Thompson, Y-12/MMES 291 SESSION 4: ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT Charging Generators for Waste Management Costs J. B. Berry, ORNL/MMES 307 Waste Management Facility Acceptance - Some Findings Dr. Brent Sigmon, Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) 317 VI Permitting and the Public Jo Ann Garrett, International Technology Corporation (IT Corporation) 323 SESSION 5: WASTE MANAGEMENT TRAINING Integrating Waste Management into the Curriculum Dr. Culyer A. Dunbar, Roane State Community College . 333 A University Program in Hazardous Chemical and Radioactive Waste Management Frank L. Parker, Vanderbilt University 345 Interpreting the SARA and RCRA Training Requirements W. Michael Moreland, ORNL/MMES 369 vi l FPOM BEST t oOPY Initiative CONFERENCE ACTIVITIES Exhibitors' Reception, Garden Plaza Hotel Registration, Garden Plaza Hotel XI Exhibitors' Reception, Garden Plaza Hotel Presentation coordination, William G. Pollard Auditorium Poster Sessions, American Museum of Science and Energy xrn Discussions between Technical Sessions, William G. Pollard Auditorium Discussions between Technical Sessions, William G. Pollard Auditorium xiv Exhibit booth, Garden Plaza Hotel xv Oak Ridge Model Exhibit, Garden Plaza Hotel Conference Staff xvi Initiative BEST WASTE MANAGEMENT SESSIONS PART 1 The Oak Ridge Waste Disposal Strategy Presented by: R. C. Sleeman, DOE/ORO THE QftK RIDGE WASTE DISPOSAL STRATEGY R. C. Sleeman, DOE/QRO The Oak Ridge Operations Office has developed a strategy for the treatment and disposal of hazardous and radioactive waste. The basic philosophy behind the strategy is to detoxify and/or fix waste prior to disposal. Mixed waste will be detoxified to destroy the RCRA component and then handled as a low-level radioactive waste. A program to demonstrate detoxification technologies is underway. Low-level radioactive waste disposal strategies are being developed under the Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Demonstration and Development (LLWDDD) Program. The ultimate goal of LLWDDD is to develop new, environmentally acceptable low-level waste disposal facilities for 0R0. The LLWDDD strategy defines four classes of waste: 1) slightly contaminated radioactive waste, 2) short half-life radioactive waste, 3) long half-life material—primarily uranium, and 4) waste that cannot be disposed of on the Oak Ridge Reservation. Alternative technologies are being evaluated for each waste class. Disposal and treatment demonstrations are being carried out to demonstrate new technologies that will be required to implement the strategy. ORO WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY BACKGROUND OVERALL STRATEGY HAZARDOUS/MIXED WASTE PROGRAM LOW-LEVEL WASTE DISPOSAL DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM RCS 1087 01.22 BACKGROUND • MAJOR ORO RADIOACTIVE, MIXED, AND HAZARDOUS WASTE STREAMS - HAZARDOUS/MIXED INCINERABLES - MIXED WASTE SLUDGES - LOW LEVEL RADIOACTIVE (LLW) SOLIDS - LLW LIQUIDS oo # PAST PRACTICES - HAZARDOUS INCINERABLES SHIPPED OFF-SITE AND MIXED INCINERABLES STORED ON-SITE - MIXED WASTE SLUDGES STORED ON-SITE - LLW SOLID DISPOSAL BY SHALLOW LAND BURIAL - LLW LIQUID DISPOSAL BY HYDROFRACTURE RCS 1087 01.26 ORO WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY HAZARDOUS, MIXED AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE HAZARDOUS MIXED TSCA STORAGE INCINERABLE INCINERATOR ASH MIXED WASTE HAZARDOUS WASTE MIXED WASTE SLUDGES TREATMENT DISPOSAL FACILITIES DELISTED LLW NEW LLW LLW SOLID IMPROVED LLWDDD WASTE DISPOSAL OPERATION DEMONSTRATIONS FACILITIES I LLW LIQUID TANK SOLIDIFICATION WASTE STORAGE WMO 0987 03.15 STEPS TO DEVELOPING MIXED WASTE TREATMENT CAPACITY • IDENTIFY NEEDED TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATIONS - REDUCE/ELIMINATE TOXICITY - REDUCE MOBILITY OF HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENTS - IMPROVE WASTE FORM « PERFORM DEMONSTRATIONS - TRIAL DEMONSTRATION WILL BE PERFORMED NEXT YEAR OF MIXED WASTE FROM PLATING OPERATIONS • DELIST WASTE FROM DEMONSTRATION PROJECT - TRIAL DELISTING EFFORT UNDERWAY ON FIXED SLUDGE FROM ORGDP SURFACE IMPOUNDMENT • DEVELOP FULL SCALE FACILITIES BASED ON DEMONSTRATED TECHNOLOGIES 0937 RCS20 LLWDDD STRATEGY « PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES METHODS TO MEET PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES # SITE SPECIFIC STRATEGY PROPOSED WASTE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM 0987 RCS06 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT (mrem/yr) RELEASES TO PUBLIC ENVIRONMENT 25 INTRUDER EXPOSURES ro CONTINUOUS 100 SINGLE EVENT 500 WATER RESOURCES TBD REQUIREMENT FOR REMEDIAL ACTION TBD 0987 RCS07 METHODS TO MEET PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES SITE SUITABILITY IS UNCERTAIN - COMPLEX SITE GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY DIFFICULT TO CHARACTERIZE AND MODEL - REGIONS OF UNSTABLE GEOLOGY (STEEP SLOPES AND KARST FORMATIONS) - REGIONS OF SHALLOW GROUNDWATER - REGIONS OF GROUNDWATER DISCHARGES TO SURFACE WATER # ENGINEERED DISPOSAL TECHNOLOGIES TO ASSURE SITE PERFORMANCE - IMPROVED WASTE FORMS - LEACHATE COLLECTION AND MONITORING - EFFLUENT/LEACHATE TREATMENT - ENGINEERED INTRUDER PROTECTION 0987 RCS08 SITE SPECIFIC STRATEGY « DOSE LIMIT - DESIGN BASIS - 10 mrem/yr - BELOW 10 CFR 61 LIMIT - SITE PERFORMANCE UNCERTAINTIES - MINIMIZES POTENTIAL FOR FUTURE REMEDIAL ACTIONS INSTITUTIONAL CONTROL PERIOD - 100 YEARS CURRENTLY SPECIFIED BY EPA, NRC, AND DOE - PERIOD OF HAZARD # INTRUDER PROTECTION - PROVIDED BY ACCESS CONTROL/WASTE FORM DURING INSTITUTIONAL PERIOD - PROVIDED BY ENGINEERED FEATURES AFTER INSTITUTIONAL PERIOD RCS I087 01.09 WASTE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM CLASS I - NEAR SURFACE BURIAL •
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