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Släkte Chrysogaster – Ängsblomflugor

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Släkte Chrysogaster – Ängsblomflugor 2 • nationalnyckeln till sveriges flora och fauna antennborst mycket palustris, hagtorn Crataegus sp., fågelbär Prunus avium, skogsbruk – eller på att den är förbisedd får framti- långhårigt fläderSambucus nigra, druvfläder S. racemosa, viden Sa- den utvisa. I övriga Norden är arten känd från Nor- lix spp. och olvon Viburnum sp. I Sverige varar flyg- ge, där det finns ett gammalt fynd från landet södra tiden från mitten av juni till mitten av juli; beroende bergstrakter (Vaerdal) och ett nytt fynd som gjordes på breddgrad och höjd ibland några veckor längre. 1985 i Oslotrakten. I Finland finns endast ett fynd Larven är inte formellt beskriven, och uppgifterna från landets sydöstra del, men det är troligt att arten om dess ekologi är motsägelsefulla. En källa anger att i själva verket är mer utbredd än så. Observera att det larven utvecklas under barken på stubbar av gran Pi- i litteraturen också finns uppgifter som hänför sig till cea sp., en annan att puppan hittats under barken på felaktigt bestämda fynd. I övriga Europa är arten hu- ganska liten sinnesgrop ett gammalt träd som förmodades vara en ek Quercus vudsakligen känd från höglänta områden i Belgien, Antenn, insida robur. Med tanke på artens nordliga utbredning i Sve- Tyskland, Frankrike, Schweiz, före detta Jugoslavien rige är gran ett mer troligt alternativ. Boheman kläck- och Ryssland, men även från låglandet i Nederländer- te ett par exemplar från Jämtland, men uppgifter om na. I Tyskland är större savblomfluga en av få Brachy- puppans fyndplats saknas. I Ryssland har larven på- opa-arter som inte är hotad. Världsutbredningen om- träffats under bark av gran och lärk Larix sp. Larven fattar dessutom hela Sibirien, österut till Japan. har ett relativt långt andningsrör baktill, och puppan har två små andningsrör framtill. NAMNGIVNING Brachyopa vittata Zetterstedt, 1843. Diptera Scandinaviae 2:687. Synonym: Hammerschmidtia vittata (används som benämning i Wahlgren 1908). utbredning Från 1800-talet föreligger minst 13 Etymologi: vittata fem. av vittatus = försedd med band; vit- fynd av större savblomfluga från Dalarna, Jämtland ta (lat.) = band; suffixet -atus (lat.). och Norrbotten. Det är ganska många jämfört med Uttal: [Brakyópa vittáta] senare fynd. Ringdahl bidrog med ett par fynd från KEY FACTS Length 8–10.5 mm. A relatively large, yellowish Dalarna (1913, 1914), några fynd från Jämtland (1914, brown species with long wings. Lower part of face strongly 1925, 1932 och 1935) och ett fynd från Hälsingland projected. Arista with long hairs. Third antennal segment (1904). Sedan dröjde det ända till 1999 innan arten with a sensory pit near the lower edge of the segment. In plötsligt påträffades igen på tre vitt skilda platser Sweden found in old spruce forests, usually observed on or near fallen logs and stubs. Flight period from mid June to i landet, en hane från Ångermanland, en hona från mid July. The larva is undescribed, but has been reported Lule lappmark och en hane från Uppland! Om det to live under the bark of Picea spp., Larix spp. and Quercus låga antalet nordiska fynd beror på att arten är ext- spp. remt sällsynt – och har minskat till följd av modernt SLÄKTE Chrysogaster – ängsblomflugor STAM Arthropoda UNDERSTAM Hexapoda ORDNING Diptera Släktet ängsblomflugor Chrysogaster omfattar ganska släktet Chrysogaster förs nu till släktet Melanogaster. I ÖVERFAMILJ Syrphoidea små, svarta arter med metallglänsande sidor på bak- litteraturen anges att tre ytterligare arter förekommer FAMILJ Syrphidae i Palearktis (Fjärran Östern), två i Nordamerika och UNDERFAMILJ Eristalinae kroppen. Det mest snarlika släktet, Melanogaster, har TRIBUS Chrysogastrini svarta eller mörkbruna antenner. Andra liknande tio i den etiopiska regionen. SLÄKTE släkten är Lejogaster (där hela bakkroppen är metall- glänsande), Orthonevra (där främre delen av främre NAMNGIVNING Chrysogaster Meigen, 1803. Mag. Insektenk. 2: 274. bakkantribban löper tillbaka inåt mot vingbasen), Etymologi: Chrysogaster = guldmage; chrysos (gr.) = guld, och Cheilosia (som består av helsvarta arter med breda gaster (gr.) = mage, buk, syftar på att släktet har delvis me- ögonlister). Släktets larver lever under vatten och har tallglänsande bakkropp. ett kort andningsrör. LITTERATUR Maibach m.fl. 1994a. I Europa finns minst åtta arter, varav tre är kända från Sverige. De flesta andra arterna i det ursprungliga syrphidae: chrysogaster • 3 Släktet Chrysogaster omfattar 6–9 mm långa, svarta ar- ter med oval kropp, gula till gulbruna antenner och metallglänsande sidor på bakkroppen. Ansiktet är svart och har hos båda könen ett tvärband av pudring under antennfästet. Pannan är välvd och har en mind- re, längsgående inbuktning i mitten. Honans panna har en tydlig tvärfåra framtill mellan ögonen, i mit- ten finns en bred och tydlig längsfåra och på sidorna ett antal tydliga tvärfåror. Tredje antennsegmentet är gult till gulbrunt, ibland mer eller mindre mörkt, och antennborstet är alltid naket. Ögonen är nakna, och hanens ögonsöm är nästan lika lång som pannan. Ryggsköldens bruna till svarta behåring är ungefär lika lång som pannans längsta hår; hos vissa arter åt- liggande, hos andra mer utstående. Tergit 1 är övervä- gande matt, men hos hanen ibland något glänsande vid bakhörnen. Bakkroppens översida är beroende på betraktningsvinkeln matt eller mer eller mindre glän- sande, längs kanterna dock tydligt metallglänsande. Behåringen på främre delen av bakkroppens översida är hos hanen lång och ofta brunaktig, hos honan kor- Ängsblomflugor, släktet Chrysogaster, är små svarta flugor med oval kropp, gula till brunak- tiga antenner och metalliskt glänsande sidor på bakkroppen. Ansiktet är svart, och har hos tare och ljus. Baktill är behåringen kort och mörk. båda könen ett pudrat tvärband under antennfästet. Larverna lever under vatten och har ett Vingens främre bakkantribba ligger i rät vinkel mot kort andningsrör. I Sverige förekommer tre arter. En hona av sorgblomfluga C. solstitialis ses framförvarande ribba. Benen är svarta, fotputorna på bilden. Arten är vanlig på fuktängar och i diken norrut till Hälsingland. och klornas bas gulaktiga. FOTO: KRISTER HALL Bestämningsnyckel till arter i släktet Chrysogaster Key to species of the genus Chrysogaster 1. Hanar (ögon sammanstötande) ......................... 2 1. Males (eyes meet) ........................................... 2 – Honor (ögon ej sammanstötande) ..................... 4 – Females (eyes separated) ................................ 4 2. Ansikte smalt. Pannvinkel högst 90 2. Narrow-faced species. Frons angle grader. Sidoplåten ovanför fram­ 90° or less. Lower anterior corner benen gråpudrad ......♂ Chrysogaster solstitialis of anepisternum dusted sorgblomfluga s. 165 grey ............♂ Chrysogaster solstitialis p. 165 – Ansikte brett. Pannvinkel tydligt – Broad-faced species. Frons angle mer än 90 grader. Sidoplåten distinctly blunt. Lower anterior ovanför frambenen glänsande .......................... 3 corner of anepisternum shining ...................... 3 3. Pannvinkel ca 120 grader. Ansikts­ 3. Frons angle c. 120°. Facial knob buckla platt och utbredd. Ribbor flat, broad-based. Wings with vid vingbasen ljust light yellow venation at gula ....................♂ Chrysogaster coemiteriorum base .. ♂ Chrysogaster coemiteriorum p. 164 ängsblomfluga s. 164 – Frons angle c. 100°. Facial knob – Pannvinkel ca 100 grader. ­­ distinct, nose-shaped. Wings with Ansikts buckla tydlig och näsformig. brownish-yellow venation Ribbor vid vingbasen at base ........ ♂ Chrysogaster virescens p. 166 brungula ..................... ♂ Chrysogaster virescens skimmerblomfluga s. 166.
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