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Please see the Cover and Contents in the last pages of this e-Book Online Study Materials on INTERFAITH STUDIES AND ECUMENISM 1 INTRODUCTION TO INTERFAITH STUDIES WHAT IS INTERFAITH? The term interfaith or interfaith dialogue refers to cooperative and positive interaction between people of different religious traditions, (i.e. “faiths”) at both the individual and institutional level with the aim of deriving a common ground in belief through a concentration on similarities between faiths. It is distinct from syncretism or alternative religion, in that dialogue often involves promoting understanding between different religions to increase “tolerance” towards others, rather than to synthesize new beliefs. The history of religion shows that conflict has been more the state of affairs than dialogue. The term inter-religious relations refers to relationships between religions, (rel. comparative religion). HISTORY • Early 20th Century—dialogue started to take place between the Abrahamic faiths—Christianity, Judaism and Islam. • The 1960s—Interfaith movement gathered interest. ¿ 1965—the Roman Catholic Church issued the Vatican II document Nostra Aetate, instituting major policy changes in gay rights in the Catholic Church’s policy towards non- Christian religions. ¿ Late 1960s Interfaith groups joined around Civil Rights issues for African-Americans and later were often vocal in their opposition to the Vietnam War. Michael Wyschogrod, an American professor of philosophy, has claimed that there are just as many theoretical or creedal reasons for Muslims and Jews drawing closer to one another as there are for Jews and Christians coming together. 2 Judaism Reform Judaism, Reconstructionist Judaism, and Conservative Judaism encourage interfaith dialogue. Interfaith dialogue is a controversial issue within the Orthodox Jewish community.
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